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liberate Kossuth , and that the Porte insists upon the strict fulfilment of this condition , as amicable relations with , Austria are of great importance to Turkey .
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A . _ " riter in the Daily News proposes the formation of Rifle Clubs in the metropolis . We concur . Rumours arrive" from all points of preparations for fortifying the eoast . A battery of 100 guns of heavy metal is ordered to be constructed at the Nab Light , off Bembridge , near Spithead , as well as a battery ( temporary ) at Lumps , also off Spithead , on the Portsmouth shore , and also for 100 heavy guns , with the least possible delay , says the Portsmouth Timesand Naval ' Gazette . A new fort at Browndown , opposite Hyde ( Isle of Wight ) , on the Gosport shore , is in course of construction by two companies of Royal Sappers and Miners
stationed at Fort Moncton , every despatch being used to complete the works in two months . Whilethe Shipping Gazette , from information which it is not at liberty to divulge just now , has every reason to think that the Admiralty anticipate having to increase our naval force almost immediately , and they are beginning to inquire where they have a chance of getting , seamen . They are , in fact , asking themselves the question which we have so often asked , " How is the fleet to be manned ? " This circumstance would imply that the foreign relations of the country are not in that satisfactory state which it ¦ would be so desirable they should be .
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A deputation appointed at a public meeting in Liverpool , waited on Lord John Russell yesterday , to express to him the views of the mercantile interest on Customs Reform . After a short pause occasioned by the Christmas holydays , the Anti-State Church Association will resume its labours by the first of a series of monthly meetings to be held in the Metropolis , the first of which is announced in our paper to-day . On the 19 th instant a deputation is to be despatched to Yorkshire , to attend meetings in the principal towns . _
Yesterday a meeting of engineers was held at Greenwich , called by the Greenwich Cooperative Working Engineers' Association ; Mr . Fyshwick in the chair . Mr . Musto , one of the workmen connected with the establishment of Messrs . Eastern and Amos , and Mr . W . Newton were present . The object of the meeting was to consider the propriety of establishing additional workshops upon the cooperative principle ~ one shop having been opened "By the society about a fortnight ago , in which a number of men have since been employed . This shop , it was stated , owed its origin to the dispute now pending between the masters and the Amalgamated Society . Last night the capital subscribed amounted to £ 305 , divided amongst about 110 operatives . The society has already received orders to the amount of about £ 160 , anil have given in tenders for work to the amount of £ 2000 .
The Birmingham steam-epgine masters have disagreed ^ ith their brethren in London , and declared the steps taken to be unnecessary . The majority of the men seem determined to adhere to the propositions . The news that twenty-four persons from the wreck of the Amazon had been picked up by a Dutch vessel , is confirmed . They were taken to Brest . The name of Eliotr Warburton is not in the list of those saved . As it was confidently hoped that the other boats had lived out the night , the Maritime Prefect instantly ordered Captain Cabaret to go out in his vessel the Souffleur , and cruize in search of the boats . Two ladies are among the rescued
, one , Mrs . Maclaren , haasaved her child throughallthe peril . These unfortunates are treated with the greatest kindness of which they stood in need , having neither clothes nor money when they landed . The British Vice-Coneul has acted nobly , and has been ably assisted by the French authorities . —Naval men are of opinion thatr it is not by any means certain that the remaining boats are lost . Outward going vessels may have picked them up . Upwards of £ 400 has been subscribed in Southampton towards the relief of the sufferers . The West India Mail Company and Mr . Thomas Baring , M . P ., have respectively subscribed 100 guineas .
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* u b Ernest Jones has retired from the Executive of the National Charter Association , alleging , as an objection , the " Jixecutive as at present constituted . "
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The authorities are on the track of the murderers of Mr . iiateeon and the ruffians who attempted the life of £ u . twood > Ono of lhe « if B " information . The decrees of the Synod of Thurles are by no means easy to get into operation . The Archbishop of Cashcl u is said , thinks they cannot be enforced with advantage under present circumstances . " 1 'ho Gahoay Vindicator of Wednesday , writing on the Queen ' s College , says :- " This being the last day of l ¥ rifi A A '" g the , PreBent collegiate session , we are SK . i eln - a , ble t 0 re P ° rt lhat ^ toy-six new stuin oStohS ^" » l . ated since the openi ng of the college Catli , ° th K » u « nber there are twenty-threo Wo nr » i twelv « Protestants , and one Prcabvterian . entZ \ f $ a ? e ? abled toBtate that several Catholics who hv ffff rlmo * years » a » d were afterwards hold back tlfe Letud ' " " ' havereturned this year t 0 *<* ume
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Wf A " : , ^ f' % mai 1 nhaving arrived this morning , I ; 1 | f T brought by the last steamer , but in ll " " f Wlh 1 ll 0 ld ^ fllrther confirmation . It is & 2 i £ ; 4 atelcgra P *» P « oh from Washington , S ^ F&Si ^ SSSS toss ^^ f ^^*^ ™ - ^
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THE STRIKE OP THE MASTERS . The contest between the masters and skilled workmen of the iron trades may be considered a final trial of strength in the way of " strikes . " . The behaviour on the part of the employers implies that they are confident of victory . They accused the men of an intention to strike ; the men denied it . The men were next required to withdraw their demands ; they replied that they did not make the
demands peremptorily , but only as their wishes and recommendations . They were required to cease wishing : and in default , as the men do not strike , the masters will . They expect to win , and their prospect is not unfavourable . In point of funds they can beat the men ; the industry of the latter having supplied such profits to the employers , that the masters have a large stock to fall back upon . To be plain , we believe the men will not conquer , unless they resort to something beyond a strike .
And they already talk of doing so . They have taken steps to devote two-fifths of their fund , namely £ 10 , 000 , to the purchase of tools , whereby to employ the men thrown out of work ; and they advertise that they are prepared to execute orders . The fund is placed in the hands of trustees , and men of high character and standing have accepted the office- ^ -such as Mr . Vansittart Neale , Lord Goderich , Mr . Augustus Vansittart , Mr . G . M . Ludlow ; besides others , titled and untitled , who will probably unite . Here we see the sequel to the movement made in Charlotte-street for associating the hitherto barren trades unions .
This is excellent ; but let us here define what the men may be able to do , not only to prevent disappointment , buf also to direct their efforts in the best channel . It is evident that they cannot find capital to employ the 12 , 000 men included in the union , nor even a half that number . On the other hand , to provide temporary employment for the members of their union would be to do but half what they can really accomplish . The workmen ought to take a lesson from the masters , Hitherto , every great strike has resulted in the introduction of new hands , and the permanent displacement of old ones ;
let the-present strike of the-masters be met by the introduction of new workshops , in the permanent occupation of working men . For that purpose , it is desirable that the Amalgamated Society should not undertake to provide sustenance for the men thrown out of work—that might well be left to local unions , or to such a general but special rate as that contemplated ; and it is to be hoped that the working men will support each other . Indeed , we do not see why this rate should be limited to the particular trade ; on the contrary , the interest of the skilled mechanics in this matter is the interest of all working men ; and if the whole body of working men knew their own
interests , they would now take this opportunity of standing up for their order . Meanwhile , the object of the general Society , in establishing a working partnership , should be to create an efficient workshop ; ana a glance will show the important and permanent benefit which it might afford to the whole body in the Amalgamated Society . It would be a resource for men thrown out of employment , and might at the same time be made a model workshop , to illustrate the regulations demanded by the trade . It would , indeed , not only illustrate ; it would be a check upon the continued encroachments of the masters , both in reducing wages and in extending the hours of labour ,
It might compete most powerfully with the masters ; because , at first the men might work almost without profit—with only enough to cover expenses and secure a margin . This would bo beating employers with their own weapons . Custom might be secured by two other modes besides the reduction of profit . It is , well known that much of the " bright" work and , merely ornamental adjuncts is needless- ? -only used by the custom of tra . de : a
tasteful and judicious reduction of this ornamental work would effect a reduction of price with benefit to the purchaser . And the goods produced might be warranted honest in every part—tested , tried , and . secured in every . way that sincerity and zeal could dictate . This course would be sound policy in the men , who could soon earn for their work a character which the public would be very willing ^ give it almost by anticipation . As to capital , we are convinced that it would not be difficult to
find ; and we hail , not with more surprise than pleasure , the testimony to the same effect from the Tory and Protectionist Standard . We have always said , indeed , that , although strictly reconcilable with Free Trade , Concert is the practical method of obtaining the very object sought by Protection . It is a grievous mistake , too , to suppose that the principle of concert is incompatible with the proprietary relations . On the contrary , it affords the true escape from that competition which is now rendering trade bankrupt , and blasting its character by driving , it to adulterations all round . The People ' s Mill at Leeds affords an example in which we see the dealer and consumer united : the dealer
is furnished with a regular circle of enrolled customers ; the consumer is able to examine and test the genuineness of the article in any stage of production . The same principle would be applicable to any business with a retail branch to it , by enabling the customers to subscribe small sums towards the capital of the trader , and then to have the right of inspecting his transactions . On the other hand , capital might be allied to labour on the principle of sharing—say half and half—half the nett profits to the whole of the capital employed , half to the whole body of labourers . Half the profits in a concern where the workpeople were interested ,
cheerfully and honestly interested , to make the most , of . the work , would probably be worth more than all the profits in a concern worked by discontented men . Masters know what damage and loss arise from discontent among their people . On / the other _ hand , offer an intelligent capitalist era- / ployment for his funds in a business to be worked by volunteer hands , convince him that the offer iA earnestly made , and mere commercial acumen would probably draw him to the alliance , to say nothing of the desire that is awakening among men of substance and business habits to try the new principle of Association .
We have rapidly sketched the principles of a proceeding which would place in reach of the Amalgamated Engineers an engine of immense power ; we do so with great deference to the practical knowledge which , so many among them unite to great intelligence ; they will know , should they desire it , where fuller explanations can be sought . Our sole desire is to obtain from the
present movement the largest and most beneficial permanent results . And let us say that , if the masters would anticipate such a result , by accepting the hallowed and powerful instrument of concert to govern their relations with the men , they would not only escape present embarrassments , but would introduce into their business the true principle of safe trade and increased production .
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THE PHANTASMAGORIA OF FRANCE . Cynicism and hypocrisy in the Government : servility and corruption in the Nation ; such is the actual condition of France at the , davvn of this threatening year , 1852 . It is not alone the beggarly parody of an unreturning epoch by inglorious masqueraders ; the blasphemous consecration of a massacre at the prostituted altars of a congenial priesthood ; the ominous carousals in that fatal palace which has been the glory and the grave of so many royal destinies : it is not these tollies or these crimes alone which fix our sorrowful amazement on the France of to-day , once more the puppet of her own idolatries , the bugbear and the laughingstock of Europe . But it is to find the history of that . noble country for ever revolving in rt vicious circle of despotism a nd anarchy , of noxious" glory and shameful abasement ; breaking loose from all restraint of law and reason , or hugging degradation at the feet of the
basest usurper I oscillating from subversion without progress to " order" without law ; dragged from Revolution to Reaction by the excesses of the one , and from lteuctiou to Revolution by tho corruptions of tho other ; never milking one fair onward step towards one honest and practical result nf struggles ! closed only to bo renewed in a continual alternation of fury and despair . Here is this pseudo-Bonaparte aping -tho grandeurs without tho glories of his putative undo ,
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Jan . lo , 1852 . ] fttte 3 Lcaber * 35
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There is nothing so revolutionary , "because there it nothing so unnatural and convulsive , as the strain to keep things fixed -when all the world is by the very law of its creation in eternal progress . —Da . Arnold .
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SATURDAY , JANUARY 10 , 1852 .
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Leader (1850-1860), Jan. 10, 1852, page 35, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse2.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1917/page/11/
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