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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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Saturday , January 24 . M . de Morny is no longer Minister of the Interior . There were , it appears , a set of new decrees to be countersigned ; De Morny recoiled , Fduld and Rouher supported him ; all resigned . In the Moniteur of yesterday , which , announces the resignation of these Ministers , and the appointment of Persigny , as Minister of the Interior , Bineau as Minister of Finance , and Abbatucci as Minister of Justice , De Maupas as Minister of Police , appear the decrees which even the unscrupulous De Morny declined to countersign . These decreessigned by Casablanca ,
, elevated for the occasion to a new Ministrythe Ministry of State—are , first , one which enacts that the members of the Orleans family , their husbands and consorts , and descendants , cannot _ t ) Q 8 sess _ any property ( moveable or immoveable ) m France . TKy ~ lire ~ -bWnd- ^ te ^ ell-thefflL ^ year , and in default they will be sold by theSlale A second decree cancels the donation made by Louis Philippe on the 7 th of August , 1830 , to his children , and enacts that their properties , of about two hundred millions of francs , shall be employed as follows : — Ten millions to societies of secours mutuels . Ten
millions to the-improvement of the lodgings for the working classes . Ten millions to the establishment of a credit foncier . Five millions to a benefit fund for the poorer clergy . All the officers , sub-officers , and soldiers in active service , will receive , according to their rank in the Legion of Honour : the Legionary , 250 francs ; the officers , 500 francs ; Commanders , 1000 francs ; Grand Officers , 2000 francs ; Grand Crosses , 3000 francs .- A national palace will serve for an establishment for the education of orphans and
families whose heads have obtained a military medal , which entitles them to a pension for life of 100 francs . The Palace of Savenie will serve as an asylum to the widows of high functionaries , civil as well as military , who have died in the service of the State , and the State is charged with payment of their debts . The dowry of 300 , 000 francs granted to the Duchess of Orleans ia maintained . The President renounces all claim respecting confiscations pronounced in 1814 and 1815 against Bonaparte families .
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The ** Englishman " whose two letters to the Times on the coup d'etat have created so much stir , writes again this morning on the absorbing topic of war and national defence . , . " Despotism , " he says , " and constitutional government are face to face . The outworks of our Parliamentary system were in Republican France . We would not see that . They have been stormed j the breaching battery ia now pointed againt us , " He lays about him in good dashing style , and our inefficient Ministry get a good share of hard blows . He objects to additional troops , both on account of their expense and as a civic danger . Peterloo , he says ominously , is not so far off as 1804 , Hw remedy
ib ours . 41 Volunteer troops are a part of our system—in the last war they were a large one . The actual Yeomanry is rather a set off to the Lord-lieutenant of the county , an electioneering influence , and a means of attending drawing-ropms in regimentals , than » genuine foroe . Ine Rifle Companies which are proposed would , under judicious regulations , be moat valuable . Ihe history of America nhows what can be done by men who step forward to defend their country with a stout heart , a Keen eye , and a good rifle . " The Ministry lived laat year on the Exhibition . Will it , he aeks , live this year on a panic ? Further , with great force , he puts forward views in which we thoroughly sympathise .
' * Is England to look on with folded arms at a new partition of Europe ? Is Savoy to be annexed , or is Belgium to become a province of Franoe > and the lthine her boundary ? Men whom I respect say , or deem to suy , that that ia no concern of ours . The Treaty of lolfi ia waBte paper { oaoh party has broken H in turn , and Cracow , Hungary , Italy , and Germany , have found it an insulting mockery . Grunted . What then ? There is a law antecedent to all treats , and above them—the law of self-preservation .
It is England ' s right and duty to maintain her independence , her high plaoo among the no , tiqng , the logaoy our fathers loft ^ the heritage we owe our sons . I am yet to be convinced that policy and prudenoe , or even mere economy , counsel us to remain passive , and to wait till despotism haa cloned ita ranke , muotercd its force * ,
intrencheditsj oampTand ^ rgawie ^ Tli ^ tOTlwde againstJiu t , commerce and our principles , its razzias against our coasts . " His position is , that the right disposition of our naval force is the true defence of the coast ; and he insists that if war should come , it must be a naval war , a war of liberty-ra ' war which would seal up the coast of France , " How long would it be until there arose that sinister cry which has reached him once already- —" a bas Je tyran" ? For the contest would not be what the former in its outset was—despotism and England against liberty , but England and self-government against despotism . The faction and the arms of Bonaparte would be opposed
to us , but with us would be the intelligence of * rencnmen , their constitutional sympathies , their Republican convictions . Liberty would be our flag— . Tyranny Jusand who can doubt the issue ? " And when the fiends who ride the whirlwind for the fell purpose of selfish aggrandisement and of human butchery are driven to the hell of conscience and of infamy out of which such passions come—when the clouds are scattered and the heavens are clear , and the sun of justice , peace , and freedom lights the earth again it will disclose the people of England and of France exchanging , as before , the grasp of mutual friendship and esteem , and battling only in the generous contest for preeminence in arts , intelligence , and progress . These are sentences and sentiments worthy of " an Englishman . "
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Slight symptoms of giving way are evident among the employers . They state , by circular , that the members of their association are " at liberty to employ labourers and apprentices in cleaning , stocktaking , &c , the rule ( passed at the meeting which decided upon the closing of workshops from the 10 th of January ) only requiring that the engine ^^ n ^~ i ^ r pprtr ^» d- ^ that no product ive labour be carried oh * " They have also made advances to non-society men and the labourers , proposing ignominious conditions . The . monthly report of the Amalgamated ^ Society was yesterday issued . On the subject of the strike the report states that from the returns already received the whole number of members now out of employment is short of 2500 . ' . "" _
" This is certainly , " continues the report , " a less number than we anticipated , and , if the 9411 remaining in work subscribe cheerfully one day ' s wages per week , our members may receive the necessary benefit without a large rednction of the society ' s funds . ... . " The subscriptions already received are very good , considering the short time there has been to organize committees to receive subscriptions ; and another week will considerable augment the sum already received . Returns have already been received from 100 branches relative to the voting of £ 10 , 000 for cooperative workshops . We are happy to inform the members generally that nine-tenths of the votes are in favour of the resolution of the executive . " The number of members last month was 11 , 752 ; this month there are 11 , 911 ; being an increase of 159 members .
*? By order of the Council , " Joseph Musto , President . " William Allen , General Secretary . "
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Admiral Ommaney , commanding at Plymouth , refused , it is said , to send a ship to look out for the boats of the Amazon . He has written to say that no application for a ship was made . Mr . Fox said he had called on the admiral , which the latter has written publicly to deny . Mr . Fox , it appears , did call , but saw only the Secretary , who said that the Admiral considered it useless to send a ship . Sir John Ommaney Iby implication blames young Vincent for leaving him in total ignorance ; and writes to Captain Chappell : — " As the Admiral serving here , and the only to
person capable of affording assistance , I appeal you whether some person should not have come tome to have afforded me information , and to have solicited assistance , had it been required ? " But as no one did go to him , ought he not to have gone to some one ? Would it have been a very great breach of naval etiquette ? The search for the missing boats of the Amaaon by the steamers tardily sent out by Government has had no result . Mr . Acton Warburton , who accompanied , the expedition , considers that it has not been efficient .
A tew weeks before the olose of the Great Exhibition a company of eminent gentlemen , natives of many countries , met together and formed an association for the purpose of obtaining from the Governments a cheap and uniform international pottage rate . Lord Granville was then a simple member of the association ; now he is a Minister . This was thought to furnish a favourable opportunity for pressing the question on the Government , and accordingly , a deputation waited on the Foreign Minister yesterday . Lord Granvillo acknowledged the importance of the project , and concurred in the views of the deputation . There were practical details whinh must be considered in other departmenta—in
those of the Postmaster-General and of the Chancellor of . the ^ Exchequer , tlo believed that both were consider * ing the subject , and doing a groat deal to remove the moat glaring anomalies that at present existed in postoffice communication . It wai a question whether the objects of an international postage should be negotiated at once with all other countries , or in detail with individual governments . He would communicate to hie colleagues what had been stated to him on that oooaaion , and do everything In his power to assist the views of the deputation . A man was killed yesterday on the South-Western Railway .
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PBACTIOAL PROGRESS OF INDUSTRIAL FELLOWSHIP . Production is the grand object in all industrial organization . That is the beat organization which , with the greatest cecondmy of time , labour , and means , produces the most . The purpose of in * dustry is the support of life , and that is a bad organization which contributes little towards the support and comfort of life . The very purpose of industry is frustrated if the labourer is sacrificed to the labour ; for the labourer is a human being not
less than the " consumer "—that idol of cecono-. mists . Improvements in machinery are badly used if , " displacing labour , " they deprive any human being of subsistence . Division of employments is badly conducted , if human beings are set to pro * duce commodities that are not needed , and that therefore yield no return ^— -On—the—ether—hand , ——measures to *' protect" the labourer , by checking
the amount of production , frustrate the very object of industry , and rob somefiorfy—if not , as is most often the case , a good many persons- —or even society at large . To protect native industry by ex- ! eluding foreign commodities is to rob the whole of society for the sake of a part , which is evidently the worst ceconomy . To protect one set of la * bourers by keeping another set in compulsory idleness is not less absurd . Yet ceconomists of
different schools justify all these mischiefs— -the relentless displacement of labour and of subsistence by machinery , the prohibition of machinery to render toil more scarce , the robbing of society to protect native industry , the compulsory idleness , of the pauper to protect the " independent" labourer ! In all cases the absurdity is the direct result of looking at the relations of labour in too partial a view , and preventing some particular evil by a partial measure which produces a greater evil . In truth , the interests of society are not thus conflicting ; the interest of the whole is , that there should be the greatest amount of aggregate happiness for the
whole . If , then , we keep in mind that the primary purpose of industry is the subsistence and welfare of all the human beings , and that the direct object of industry is production , we shall find the clue to reconcile these apparent conflicts in the one blessed principle of Concert . Let the producer , the dealer , and the consumer-r-considering their common interest as superior and more enduring than their separate interest—come to a common understanding in conducting the division of employments , and we shall soon find a way to' reconcile the several objects of improvement in machinery * free-trade , and protection .
The idea , indeed , is gaining ground . In spite of the obloquy which prejudice casts on the principle of Association , the practice of it is taking root in our industrial system ; and the principle itself is attracting the notice of important bodies engaged in the larger evolutions of the industrial development which is advancing before our eyes . The proceedings of the Amalgamated Engineers are a striking instance . We regard without rancour the virulent abuse of the masters , through their secretary and their newspaper organ , because wo believe that the said masters are fairly baffled and
frightened , They see that , by the report to qo * operation , ' the men have begun that revolution which will take absolute power out of the hands of the employer j and , in the anger of alarm , they acold . Their bad language hurts no one very seriously or permanently ; the bad faith of their representations will eoon defeat itself ; meanwhile the men » their friends are strong in truth , both of purpose and fact : And we know that ultimately , although deprived of the arbitrary power to tyrannize * we masterq will find refuge from oorameroial y ioisri-j tude and bankruptcy in that same principle of concert . By associated Jabpur and aelf-employ * rnent , the men obtain representation of their own
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TO CORRESPONDENTS , We have received the letter of the Beverend John JeBsopp , respecting sermons on " Woman , " too late fat publication in our present number ; but we will not delay , even for £ few - daya , to declare that it places the matter in a totally different Th ? new arrangements alluded to last V eek in the management of the Leader had especial reference to the commercial department ; and it is believed that irregularities , of which Subecribersand Agents have bad cause to complain , will henceforth cease We entreat that any such instance , recurring to either Subscribers or Agents , may be immediatelycommunicated to the Editor , by letter , addressed to 10 , Wellington-street , Strand . > . - ¦ » '— « ' ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ! ~ ~ ~
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SATURDAY , JANUARY 34 , lftdSJ ,
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' ¦¦ ¦ ' 'iii ? - " - -i— ' There is- nothing so revolutionary , because there jj nothing so -unnatural and convulsive , as the strain to keep things fixed when all the world is by the very law oi its creation in eternal progress . —P » . Abnoid .
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Citation
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Leader (1850-1860), Jan. 24, 1852, page 82, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse2.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1919/page/14/
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