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only a few days ago , "We thirst for authority ! " How can we doubt it ? The example of Louis Bonaparte has turned certain heads ; a man hews out a kingdom from his narrow ambition , He dreams of coups cP ^ tat ; he prepares a re-action , on the condition of calling it holy ; he takes the attitude of command ; he affects an imperial language , he fancies that European democracy , for her part also , looks for her Caesar ! Melancholy aberration of a man who loses his way for very ignorance of the aim and end he blindly seeks ! - . Besides ; who is this man , we have aright to ask , that he should assume this imperious tone ? What would his fame be worth , if it were not for Prance , against whom ,
nevertheless , it would appear he never entertained feelings but of jealousy and hate . There is but one word which can fitJy characterize the conduct of a man wfc © avails himself of the reputation that a country like France has lent him to insult that nation ; for let it be well understood that it is the nation that M . Mazzini desires -to wound , when he fifcrikes at the doctrine . There is but one word , we say , and that word is ingratitude . Senseless rage ! This man was nothing * till France made him what he is : without her , he will be nothing again ! Out of Italy , he is thought to possess great influence in Italy . Perhaps it is a mistake .
Among the Italians whose courage , or whose virtue , the last revolution made conspicuous , where are the followers of M . Mazzini ? Is Montanelli P IsPetruschiP Is Sirtori ? Is Catabeni ? Is Sterbini ? Is Cernuski ? ! To what does the influence of M , Mazzini in Piedmont amount ?—Ask Gioberti . And in Sicily ?—Ask Granaielli * And at Naples P—Ask Saliceti . And at Venice ?—Ask Manin . M . Mazzini , who personifies abroad the Italian democracy , only by -usurping an authoriiy which the most eminent citizens of Italy have hitherto had the generosity to suffer with silent indignation , starts up ¦ with a sorry grace to declare himself the personification of the democracy of Europe .- Let him commune with himself , and learn to measure his ambition by his strength . We dp not deny him ; let him , for his part , have the common justice not to deny republicans , whose mission he ' cannot deny without annulling his own . The European democracy has no need of a Caesar , especially since the 2 nd of December has shown the world of what a heap of crimes the success of modern Caesars is built up ! ( Signed ) BlAKCHX . PlEBBE LEBOTJXi XotJIS BliANC . MaTABMET . Cabet . ( Kadatjd . IiAWDOIiPHE . WaSBEHSTEE . Jm . Es Leboux . _ » A
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AMERICAN NEWS . A iew minntes before the departure of the Africa royal mail steamer , from New York , which arrived at Liverpool on Monday , a telegraphic communication was received from Washington , which gave the following list of ships of war which have recently been sent to Japan by the government of the United States t—The Mississippi ( with the commodore ' s flag ) , the Princeton , and Susqtteiianna , steam-rfrigates ; brig of war , Perry ; sloops of war , St . Mary * * , Plymouth , arid
Saratoga ; and store-ship Supply , —altogether a formidable squadron . It is said that American sailors have at various times been ill-treated by the Japanese government , and that redress and compensation will be demanded ; and that it is designed to effect a landing at -the capital of Japan , Jeddo , at all hazards , and to leave no efforts untried to open commercial relations with that isolated nation . Tfiere is a strong force of marines on hoard the sguadron , and abundance of warlike stores . The Mississippi Carrie ' s with her a park
of twelve 24-pound hqwitzers . At Philadelphia , on the 8 th instant , alarge meeting of " native Americans" was held in the Commissioners ' Hall , Southwark , for the purpose of expressing their indignation at the idea of accepting a block of marble from the Pope to be placed in the Washington monument . Many vehement speeches were made , and resolutions were adopted protesting against the
acceptance of the block—asking the monument committee to recal their letter of acceptance—recommending the associations that have contributed blocks to withdraw them unless the request is complied with—and if the Pope ' s block does eventually form part of the monument , that a " protest" block be prepared with a suitable inscription , and that the people insist on its being placed on the top of the objectionable popish , despotic
block . The Philadelphia Ledger publishes a curious paper , entitled the " Constitution of the American Revolutionary League for Europe , " signed by N . Schmidt , of Boston , president j P . Wagner , of Boston , and J . « . Fuerst , of Baltimore , vice-presidents ; and Mr . Wilkmann , of Baltimore , Mr . Gloss , of Richmond , and others , a committee . It is the result of the revolutionary congress hold in Philadelphia from January 29 th to February 1 st , 1852 . The Ledger says—" The design of the league is to overthrow monarchy and establish republican democracy throughout Europe . For the accomplishment of this purpose , the first object is cofusion
operation of the democratic elements , and their into one great party , looking only to radical revolution in Europe as their aim . Heretofore the 'democratic elements haw been disunited , through national antipathies and warring against each other . They are now to bo united for the destruction of the common enemy , until which time the contest for " the spoils , ' wmen usually begins with tlio first revolutionary effort , is to bo postponed . The means to accomplish this object 1 to havo agitation in Europe an well as America , accumulation of a revolutionary fund , and the formation or armed organization * in this country ,. ready tor wio Btrufftrlo when if , cnmoM . Militarv companies are to do
formed in every city and county in tho Union , ana auxiliary associations / who pny weekly contributions 1 tho fund . Tho whole supervision of affairs is to w under tho control of a congress of all tho associations , and during its recess by an cxecutivo board . A pon - c < d committee of tlirco peraons , elected by tni 8 . ? ongJf ' Ima unrestricted powers to act in concert with owi nationalities , to take the steps necessary to iiccowp >» European revolution . Thin , in brief , is tho or m *' tion and object of this association ; and the queswo arise * how far they are consistent with tho . < ro w » which American citizen * owe to thoir ow » law » , »»?*
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PROGRESS OF ASSOCIATION . THE MASTERS * STRIKE . Delegates from . the various trades' associations of London assembled to the number of about seventy at the Bell Inn , Old Bailey , on Wednesday evening , convened by a provisional committee appointed by , and in conformity with , the resolutions passed at the aggregate meeting of the trades held at St . Martin ' s Hall , on Thursday the 4 th of March . Mr . G . W . Prideaux having been called to the chair , briefly stated the objects for the consideration of which the conference had been convened , as follows , viz .: — " 1 . To consider tho propriety of holding similar conferences of the trades throughout tho United Kingdom . " 2 . To afford immediate relief to the Amalgamated Society of Engineers . " 3 . To take steps for the establishment of co-operative workshops in which thoy may find permanent employment . " 4 . To take steps for establishing an investment society for promoting co-operation generally . " Mr . W . Newton being called upon to state the present position of the Amalgamated Society , said that no diminution had taken place in tho number of men supported by their funds . About 3000 members were thrown out of employment by the employers * strike , in addition to about 800 who were out of work when the strike occurred . There were also nearly 1000 nonsocioty men who had been thrown out of work through the same cause . The society men had been regularly paid 15 « . per week , and the non-society men 10 s . per week ; and these amounts had been made up , partly by the weekly subscriptions and partly from the funds of the Amalgamated Society—tho weekly expenditure uinco the 10 th of January having been nearly 30001 . Voluntary subscriptions had been liberally contributed in aid of the funds of tho society , but as they possessed no definite information as to when the dispute would end , it was necessary to make some certain provision for tho future , or tho men would bo loft without aupport . The question wo *» , would tho trades ' Bocioties of tho country stand by thorn , or should they succumb and sign tho masters' declaration . Mr . Laing , chairman of tho Brighton Railway Company , said , in a pamphlet which ho hud just published , " In fact , things have como to such a point that the issue must bo either the complete triumph or the complete defeat of tho Amalgamated Society , and with it -the principle of trades unionism in tho country generally . " Ho believed there was much truth in that statement , and i $ was therefore tho interest of all tho trades in tho country to support tho operative engineers in this contest . If this matter were well taken up by tho trades generally , the dispute would not only terminato to the great advantage of the engineers , but would save tho
trades in general from an impending fate . In Order to husband their resources as much as possible , the Execu tive Council had reduced the allowance to members from 15 s . to 10 * . a week ; and their object in the present appeal was to obtain immediate relief , and to devise means for a more equitable settlement of the relationship between employers and employed . He proposed
that the tradessocieti . es > out of their accumulated funds , should lend the Amalgamated Society asum of ° 10 , 000 £ . for the immediate relief of the men , so as to give time for the organization of a proper system of continuous support , which might be done by the levy of one penny per week upon the working men of the country . The opening of co-operative workshops would come before the conference in a resolution . Mr . J . Pettie ( painter ) proposed , and Mr . Widdon ( cabinetmaker ) seconded , the first resolution , recommending the trades throughout the country to appoint delegates to assemble in conference in each district , to deliberate on the important subject involved in the present industrial dispute . The second resolution , proposed by Mr . Ollerenshaw ( hatter ) , and seconded by Mr . Walford ( cooperative builder ) , expressed the opinion of the conference , that the various trades' societies should advance as much money , by way of loan , to the Amalgamated Society , as could be spared from
their accumulated funds , to support them during their resistance to the "declaration "; ' and recommended weekly subscriptions in aid of the workmen thrown out of employ . Mr . Stephenson ( bootmaker ) said that he saw no difficulty in raising the 10 , 000 Z ., and the sum would easily be repaid by so powerful a body as the Amalgamated Society . Money lent to that society would be as safely invested as in any savings bank in the country , although perhaps not so easy of withdrawal . He hoped the trades would come forward with their funds , that the society inen might again receive their 15 s . weekly .
Many other delegates having spoken in support of the resolution , it was unanimously adopted . A . conversation followed ; and that there might be no delay hi taking the necessary measures for raising the sum of 10 , 0002 ., it was finally resolved that deputations should meet from the various trade societies not represented at the conference , to ascertain how far they were prepared to assist the Amalgamated Society by loans from their funds . The conference then adjourned .
SOIEEB AT THE PEOPLE S INSTITUTE . We have some time since mentioned the People ' s Institute in the Bridge Road at Pimlico , but have not yet reported the success which has attended its establishment . A report of that success will no doubt be made , at the soiree to be held on Wednesday next , by the chairman , Mr . Vansittart Neale . The presence of
speakers so varied as Mr . Lawrence Heyworth , M . P ., Mr . Thomas Hughes , Mr . Bronterre O'Brien , Mr . J . Furnewall , and perhaps others not less popular , will attest the Catholic character of the institute , Tickets may be had of Mr . Edmund Stallwood , the Secretary , Mr . Bezer , the Socialist publisher , and many other persons connected with the Pimlico co-operative movement .
THE NEW PABTNEB 8 HIP BILL . A bill in the House of Commons , bearing the names of Mr . Slaney , Mr . Sotheron , and Mr . Tufnell , has been published this week , "To Legalize tho Formation of Industrial and Provident Partnerships . " The object of this bill is to enable working men to form societies to carry on joint trades , and to legalize such societies already in existence . The promoters of this measure propose to enact that " It shall be lawful for any number of persons to form themselves into a society for the purpose of maintaining , relieving , educating ,
endowing , or otherwise benefiting themselves , their husbands , wives , children , or kindred , or for attaining any other purpose or object for the time being authorized by tho laws in force with respect to friendly societies , by carrying on or exercising in common day labour , trade , or handicraft , or several labours , trades , or handicrafts , and that this act shall apply to all societies already established for any of tho purposes heroin mentioned , so soon at > they shall conform to tho provisions thereof . " Thon tho Bill provides for tho regulation of such " Industrial and Providont Partnerships , " as they are-called / . , . .
CENTRAL CO-OPERATIVE AGENCY . ) VeeM y Report , Marsh 16 th to March 22 nd , 1852 . Tina Agency transacted business with tho following Stores : —Norwich , Birmingham , Portsea , Leeds , Podham , Braintree , Ullesthorpo , Banbury , Swindon , Woolwich , Tillicoultry , Bannockburn , Hoywood , Galoshiols , Huddorofield , &c . Samples of broadcloths have boon received from tho Redemption Society of Leeds ; thoy aro now on view at the Agency ' s offices , and orders will be received for them .
business in London ( a step rendered necessary by th rapid increase of the trade of the Agehcy , ) will not be able to attend on the Stores hi that neighbourhood as formerly . This , however , need be no inconvenience to the Stores , as orders forwarded through the post will be attended to just as well as if they had come by personal solicitation . Indeed , the Agency prefers that the orders should be sent directly from the Stores in the country , as it not only saves expense , but is alsoanevi .
We hear from the Co-operative Society at CoucWa that it is their intention to furnish us with sampW } ribbon . Due notice will be given of their prOmisa being carried out . r « use It would be well if aU the Stores , not regularly sun plied with the list of the goods . sold by the Agencv * would send up their addresses at once , that they nyf ' be so supplied . Mr . Lloyd Jones , haying left the Manchester district for the purpose of attending to th "
dence of confidence between the Agency and its customers ; which is the surest sign that Co-operation does not need either the pushing practices or cautious watchfulness of competitive business .
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292 THE L E AOER , [ Sa ^
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Citation
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Leader (1850-1860), March 27, 1852, page 292, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse2.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1928/page/8/
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