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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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Satubday , May 22 . Theee subjects of great interest ; occupied the attention of the House of Commons—our foreign policy-rthe deferred clauses of the militia bill—and the constitution of New Zealand . Lord PAiMEBSTbir drew the attention of the Government to the reports in circulation respecting the attempts being made by foreign influences to change the constitution of Spain . But instead of boldly
describing and branding those foreign influences , he delivered a long essay on the benefit of constitutional government , on the part we have played in extending those benefits to various nations , and how essential it was that we should support , with our influence , the nations who enjoyed them . His object was to elicit such a declaration of the opinion of the Cabinet as should disabuse those who imagined that the arbitrary system of government received the countenance of her Majesty ' s
present Ministers . The reply vouchsafed by Mr . Disraeli was extremely vague . He gave no declaration of opinion on the subject . He agreed with much of what Lord Palmerstonhad said in praise of constitutional government , but characterized it as , on the whole , unmeasured . He demanded that Government should have " credit for respecting the rights of nations . " He feigned ignorance of the source of the " menaced dangers ; " he hoped' 48 had read a lesson to all extreme parties :
civilization would not tolerate " extreme opinions ;" and , assuming the prophetic tone , he said : " In my opinion , both the sovereign and the people , in every instance , have escaped considerable perils , great though may be the cost ; .-but of this I feel convinced , that whether it arises from the highest or from the lowest quarter—whether it be from despotic monarchs or from Bed Republicans—if that spirit of disorder again arises in Europe , there is not the same prospect of its so speedily being allayed . ( Loud cries of' Hear , hear . '")
Nothing came of this wordy episode , except thisthat Lord Palmerston stood forward as the champion of continental freedom . _ The next subject was the Militia . The main thing accomplished was of great importance . By a majority of 151 to 61 , Clause 25 being read , repealing so much of 42 George III . as authorizes the militia being drawn out and embodied in cases of rebellion and insurrection , was , with the consent of the Government , struck out of the bill . This was held by Mr . Gibson and Mr . Bright to be a breach of faith . Finally , the preamble was agreed to ; the House resumed ; the Bill was reported , and ordered to be read a third time on Monday .
The second reading of the New Zealand Constitution Bill afforded an occasion for one of those displays of great speaking which now and then occur in the House of Commons . Sir Wii / liam Moheswoeth opened the debate by a long speech , in which ho closely and ably analyzed the bill , describing it as a Brobdignagian measuro , devised for the government of a Lilliputian colony . It would create six separate legislatures , subject to a central executive , which , in its turn , would he subject to the Colonial Office . It provided not only for an imperium in imperio , but for six petty colonies in one , with a variety of conflicting codes . He advocated a central legislature , with municipalities for local purposes ; and an abolition of the system of nomination continued by this bill . He further counselled delay , and insisted upon taking the opinion of the colonists .
Mr . Addbbijsy criticized the speech of Sir William , and deprecated any longer delay . The difference botween the plan of the Government and that of Sir William were merely nominal . Supporting this view , and especially urging the House to avoid delay , -Mr . . T . A . Smith and Mr . Frederick Peel delivered short and pithy speeches . The latter pointed out that the great merit of the Bill lay in the fact that it was based on the " principle of accommodation" to local circumstances . Mr . Vernon Smith supported Sir William Molcsworth , while Mr . Evelyn Denison took a medium course—he doubted , and asked for information .
Mr . Gladstone reviewed the whole modern system of colonization , contrasting it disadvantageous ^ with that policy which had founded tho United States of America and grunted tho charter of Rhode Islund . Our ancestors went out carrying with thorn tho institutions and habits of English freeman ; they grow tip from small colonies into largo states , developing those institutions and habits , not by moans of assistance derived from tho mother country , but from thoir own inherent strength and free growth . They had local powers , armed local forces , and liberty of managingthoir own affairs . But tho modern system talked of training colonists for freedom ; and hmtond of permitting them to govern tbomselves , tho Hottlomont of tho commonest question between tho mother country nnd tho colony occupied two or three yours . How
could such a system be prosperous ?¦ For the rest , the present bill was a credit to the Government , and he advocated it chiefly on the grounds that it recognised local settlements ( so far reverting to the policy of our ancestors ) , conceded , to a certain extent , local legislation , threw over the modern superstition of the necessity of a Crown influence , proposed to give the colony the control of its own lands , and included large powers for colonial alterations of the work of the British Parliament . On the other hand , he objected to the concurrent jurisdiction of the legislative government ( from which he thought the utmost evil would arise ) , and to the necessity for home ratification of local acts . Mr . Gladstone ' s speech occupied nearly an hour and a half , and he was warmly cheered as he concluded with an apology for having spoken so long .
Sir John Pakington ' s reply fell flat on the House . The gist of it was , that the colonists asked for immediate legislation , and the bill before the House was the best thing of the kind he could concoct . After a few words from Sir James Geaham , Mr . Mangles , and Mr . Waiteb , the bill was read a second time , and committed for the 3 rd of June . In the House of Lords , the Earl of Derby , in reply to the third and he hoped the last time of asking , said Government had not at present any intention to revoke the grant to Maynooth .
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Last night Mr . G . Thompson asked the Secretary of State for the Home Department to specify the grounds on which the Metropolitan police had prohibited the Sunday meetings in Bonner ' s-fields . Mr . Walpole said , that the meetings to which the hon . member had referred had given great offence to the respectable inhabitants of the neighbourhood of Bonner ' s-fields , in consequence of the blasphemous and demoralizing character of the discussions which took place there on the Sundays ; numerous
complaints having reached the Commissioner of Woods on the subject , instructions were given to prohibit the meetings , and the police had prohibited them accordingly ; but , instead of proceeding summarily against the parties , as they might have done , they had contented themselves with dispersing the meetings ( Hear . ) The police , in doing that , had done no more than they had done some years ago , when they prohibited similar meetings in the Green-park , St . James ' spark , and Hyde-park . ( Hear , hear . )
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The following document appears in this morning s journals , under the head of " A Parliamentary * Difficulty . ' * " Mr . Bernal Osborne , Captain Vivian , and Mr . Fortescue present their compliments to the Editor of the Morning Chronicle , and request him to insert the inclosed communication in his paper to-morrow morning . " Friday ^ S 1 < « Thursday , May 20 , 1852 . " Minutes of a difference between the Hon . G . Smythe , M . P ., and Colonel Romilly , M . P .
" Mr . Osborno having been deputed by Colonel Romilly , on tho 19 th May , to wait upon Mr , Smytho , for tho purpose of requesting an explanation of some expressions reflecting upon Colonel Romilly , in a speech of Mr . Smytho ' s , as reported in tho Morning Chronicle of May 19 , 1852 , such expressions being considered by Colonel Romilly to exceed tho fair licence of a political contest , was referred by Mr . Smytho to the Hon . Captain Vivian , who , on the part of Mr . Smytho , at once acknowledged tho entire correctness of the report of Mr . Smythe ' B speech in tho Mornincf Chronicle of May 19 . " Mr ! Osborno , on the part of Colonel Romilly , disclaimed the allocation that Colonel Romilly had entered
into any cabal , or made use of unfair moans , tor tho purpose of injuring Mr . Smythe in tho opinions of tho electors of Canterbury ; and further denied that any coalition had over existed between Mr . Smytho and Colonel Romilly , or that ho m ade any personal application soliciting Mr . Smytho for support in tho election of 1860 . In accordance with this statement , Mr . Osborno colled upon Captain Vivian to withdraw tho on ' ensivo expressions in question . " Captain Vivian , on tho part of Mr . Smytho , declined to accept any such disclaimer of Colonel Romilly ' e intentions , aa not being , in Mr . Smytho ' s viow , borne out by tho facts of tho ana maintained tuac uoionei -itominy
case , not only accepted Mr . Smytho ' s support at tho election of 1850 , but personally thanked Mr . Smytho for his oxertions and intercut in his behalf . " Captain Vivian , being under tho impression that Mr . Smytho had boon treated with systematic ^ unfairness through tho entire proceeding , declined to withdraw tho offensive expressions complained of by Mr . Osborno . " In consoquoncQ of which , a hostile- mooting took placo botweon Mr . Bmytho and Colonol Romilly tliia morning , when , ai ' tor an interchange of ehots , Colonol Romilly having , through hifl second , tho Jlon . John Forteacuo , M . P . declared liimsolf B&tisliod , tho parties loft tho ground .
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Death in coal minea is now one of tho most ordinary incidents which it falls to tho lot of a journalist to report . This morning nows reached us of tho loss of thirty-two liven , in u pit near ProHton . Tho account which wo append ih from u person on tho « pot . The scone of thin doHoluting tragedy ih at Coppull , about oight miles from Pyeston ; tho thno , Thursday morning .
The pit has three shafts , only one of which , however , is worked ; the other two being used for purposes of ventilation . The lessee of the pit had ordered additional caution ; but , as will be seen , his intentions were frustrated ' by the recklessness of the men . " Altogether , nearly 200 men ! were employedin the colliery , " saysi the report , which we quote from the Times ' " " and of- these , 60 or 60 went down on Thursday morning about six O ' clock to commence work . On making his rounds , Smith , the fireman , whose duty was to examine the southern workings , found the air at the three bottom pillars to be in a very dangerous condition , upon whieh
he returned to one of the mam . air-doors , a / little below the pit-eye , where the men were waiting for admission until he had concluded his examination ; and , explaining the position of the dangerous places , he told t he colliers that none were to go down that ' shunt with a naked light , but they were allowed to go into the top workings on the brow , where there was no cause for apprehension . Leaving bis son at -that door , to warn any who might subsequently come down , Smith , proceeded in a northerly direction towards the Old Coppull Pit , in order to procure , by ventilation , a current of pure air , and to displace the noxious vapour which had accumulated during the niffht . No sooner , however , had he left the men , than
one of them , named Thomas Gregson , with a recklessness of consequences peculiar to his class , passed through , the air-door with a naked candle , and was followed by tour or five others , and , after they had proceeded some distance down the brow , many of their comrades , encouraged by their assurances , imitated their foolhardy example . One of the workmen , more cautious than the rest , remonstrated with , them on the peril they were incurring ' , but being disregarded , he went to tn . 6 pit-shaft , and informed John Ellis , jun . ( who acted as superintendent in . the absence of bis father ) , of what was taking place , upon which he immediately hurried down the brow , where he overtook a number of the men , whom he ordered to
return , remarking that every man who had disobeyed the firemen ' s orders would be fined 5 s . Passing them , he followed those who had gone first , and while the former were retracing their steps to the pit-mouth , a tremendous explosion was heard , followed by two others of less violence , which , instantly diffused the greatest consternation throughout the mine * . Those who had been commencing work in the side levels hurried on their clothes , and rushed precipitately into the main road or Down-brow , but on reaching it they were almost suffocated by the clouds of dust ana slack which had been raised by the explosion in consequence of the dryness of the mine , and in the darkness and subsequent confusion many of them mistook their = and instead of going towards the pure air at the
pitway , eye , they went in an opposite direction , and were met by the ' after-damp , ' which , completel y overpowered them . Nor did those who had taken the right direction fare better than their companions , for the deadly current pressed on them with lightning speed , and nearly the whole of them were thrown to the ground in a state of all but insensibility . It was about a quarter to seven o ' clock when the men in attendance at the top of the pit were alarmed by tho report , and , feeling satisfied that an explosion _ had token place , information was immediately sent to Mr . JMJis , the manager , who resides a short distance from theeolbery . He was just leaving his house at the time to go on busi-™ tn SouthDort : but hosteniner to the pit , he descended , dust
and , notwithstanding the volume of' choke-damp and which was streaming to the pit-oye , he proceeded ^ on bis hands and knees , followed by a few of those who had arrived from the northern part of the pit , to endeavour to extricate tho sufferers . The first body found was that ot Thos . Banks , a boy . who was then alivo , and giving instructions to those who followed to remove him to the pit-eye , Mr . Ellis proceeded down the brow , and , about bix yards below , he came upon the dead body of the boy ' s father . The . next body found was that of a boy named Robert Smith , the fireman ' s son , who had been left to warn tho men ogamst going into the dangerous places ; and further on John aa-3 «« & « s nm ,, o 1 Wnwfiroft . John Yates , and two boys , Joim out
Kilshaw and Robert Banks , were found , and got , auve . Notwithstanding the increasing density of the -choke-damp , Mr . Ellis still puoted the way , in the hope of fij duiff Imnff men ; but , olasf he came upon a heap of 14 dead and . dying . They , also , wore removed . Still eager to savo ^ , ana " hoping against hope" that his own son mig ht y et ; but vivejhe wont bo f tr that ho fell down from « JjJgJ " A faint moan reanimated him , and , with , a desperato oilort , ho reached another blackened corpse . F a ding-it »™ P _ siblo to render further assistance in that direction , Jio r turned to the pife-mouth , and relays of mon woro ™ apatchod in search of the bodies , all hope being aban doned that any could survive .
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Yesterday morning a firo broke out between 0 and 1 o'clock in tlio premises of Mr . Keating , chemist , St . l orn Churchyard . r 1 . 1 Yesterday a deputation from the m ^ f ^ Skinglon West Riding of Yorkshire waited U P ™ f' ^ ini . irn at tho Colonial-office for tho purpose of urgnng ^ ^ tho necessity of convoying an increwod JJPPV £ . L tho to Australia , with special roforonco to tho soouruy supply of wool from that colony . Sir John Pakington made a statement of his "jJj ^ iMO which waa an amplification of that aolivorocl xn . t i . o of Commons last week . , Ho mid G fJgXto «*• very anxioup to promote emigration ; ana to i «« i \ , Rtho Emigration CommbsionorB had relaxed ^ thoir h ^ tions , especially with roforonco to tho B ™ ™ £ " fofootory emigrant . Altogether tbo deputation aoemod » au » and HUceoHsful .
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Tho Duke do Hrogliohiw MHigncd his neat m ^ bor of tho Council-General of tho fcuro wwl <» Municipal Council of JSroglio .
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488 THE LEADER . {¦ Satttrday ,
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Leader (1850-1860), May 22, 1852, page 488, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse2.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1936/page/12/
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