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Leader (1850-1860), 22nd May 1852, Edition Town of 2, Page 482, Untitled Article

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      Leppoc to make the victory mote decided . As connected with the Board of Guardians for three years > this gentleman claimed credit for experience . "As to reproductive labour , did they mean to say that it had not been tried in Ma nchester ? The question was raised among the guardians at the end of 1847 , whether they should not have reproductive labour . An experiment was tried with 20 men in making a road at Swinton , giviii < r them 12 s . a-week , and at the end of six months it was reported by the master that three independent labourers , at 3 s . 6 d . a-day , which was a very hig h standard , would have accomplished the work much more to their satisfaction , at not more than one-third the cost . The reproductive system , then , had been shown to have failed . There was a class of peop le whom it was impossible to make work . "

      The speech of Mr . Leppoc notwithstanding , the resolution was carried unanimously . Mr . A . Watkin moved , and Dr . Watts seconded , the next resolution , which was carried unanimously : — - " That the presenp system of Poor Law relief for persons capable of contributing to their own support , whether kept in idleness or set to repulsive and useless taskwork , was at variance with the acknowledged principles of political economy , and inflicted a great evil on the ratepayers , tending to increase pauperism . " Mr . R . S . Sowler moved the third resolution : —

      " That the substitution , under proper management , of reproductive labour for idleness and useless tests , together with the establishment of a general system of industrial and mainly self-supporting pauper schools , is not only right in principle , but calculated , from its proved results , to reduce the evils of pauperism . " Mr . A . Prentice seconded the resolution , and it was agreed to . Mr . S . Ogden moved the adoption of a petition embodying the resolutions , to be signed by the chairman , and presented to the House of Lords by the Earl of Ellesniere , and to the House of Commons by Mr . J . Bright , M . P . CHFBCH OF ENGLAND SELF-SUPPOBTING VILLAGE

      SOCIETY . The annual meeting of the society for establishing selfsupporting villages for the benefit of the working-classes , was held on Thursday at Exeter Hall . The Reverend J . E . Keane was in the chair , and contended that the evils of competition in trade were that they had drawn mankind to the medium of trade—money . Money was of very little advantage as money itself . The present gold discoveries were proved to be of serious

      injury . The eyes of England were bent on money , which begets a spirit of competition , which was injurious to the poor man , amd produced misery . ( Hear , hear . ) The Reverend J . Brown , the Rector of Christchurch , Surrey , and honorary secretary , read letters apologising for the absence of Mr . Brotherton , M . P ., and several other gentlemen , as also from Lord Goderich , who was to have presided . The report was read and adopted , Mr . M . Morgan , Mr . J . Potter , and other gentlemen addressed the meeting .

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      LETTERS FROM FARIS . [ Fkom oujr own Correspondent . ] Letter XXI . Paris , Tuesday Evening , 18 th May , 1853 . Events , which seem to be hurrying us to a catastrophe , are rapidly succeeding each other in France . The imperialist fete was scarcely ended before public attention was drawn in other directions . Last Saturday a meeting of the Council of Ministers took place , at which the difficult questions of the interior and exterior were considered . The refusals to take the oath ,

      which are becoming general ; the attitude assumed by the Legitimists , between whom and the Government of Louis Bonaparte , the Comte de Chnmbord has forbidden all intercourse ; the intrigues of the Orleanists in the north ; the republican movements in the southern and central departments ; and lastly , the attitude of the army , whoso ominous silence hna alarmed the Elyse " e ; were all discussed . It was decided a new initiative should forthwith bo adopted ; that the chiefs and principal adherents of the Legitimist party should bo vigorously swept out of the way ; and the Legitimist andOrleanist

      journals destroyed by a series of averlissements ( notices of suspension ) ; that a razzia should bo made upon the republicans ; and 1800 officers of the army should bo cashiered—1800 out of 12 , 000!—that , the army was to be gained over at any cost , oven by extending the French frontier . to the Rhino "; mid if the negotiations , which wore to be opened immediately in every channel , to accomplish this purpose , failed , to declare war ; call out 1 , 200 , 000 of the peasantry , to add to the standing army of 400 , 000 men , and prosecute the wnr vigorously . !

      A diplomatic note was there and then prepared by the Minister for Foreign Affairs , addresHcd to the court of Vienna , praying its good offices betwosn Louis Napoleon Mid the Czar . In this note , the necessity of the establishment of the Umpire was clearly laid down ,

      an Empire , moreover , surrounded with a jpresti // e ; an Empire extending to the natural boundaries of France the Rhine . The note adds , that without this concession from the foreign powers , the government of M . Bonaparte cannot stand its ground much longer ; and that the catastrophe , averted by the act of the 2 nd of December , will infallibly explode , and bury in its ruins the improvident kings and governments of Europe . " An ambassador extraordinary started for Vienna on the same night , the bearer of these propositions . Considering the tenor of the note , are we to act in concert with England ? The intelligence on this subject is contradictory . I hold from a late secre

      tary of Bonaparte ' s , that it is positively arranged not to separate from England ; but to seek in the evident reconciliation between the English minister and the Austrian government , the means to bring England— - receiving Egypt as a compensation—to consent to reconstruct the map of Europe ; giving the frontiers of the Rhine to France ; Piedmont and Switzerland to Austria ; Mecklenburg and Saxony to Prussia ; and to Russia , Turkey in Europe , with Constantinople . In other quarters , I hear , on the contrary , that Louis . Bonaparte proposes to Austria and Russia not only to dispense with the concurrence of England , but to act against her . If these negotiations do not succeed , Louis Bonaparte is resolved on war .

      On the same night , General Vaillant , who constructed the fortifications of Paris , was sent for , and consulted as to the state of the fortifications in Europe generally , and in Belgium particularly . As the general was coming from this interview , he met an officer of engineers , with whom he is intimate , and made use of the following words— " My good friend , we are on the point of committing wne grande folie . Before long Belgium will be invaded !"

      All these circumstances have led to a reaction in the public securities . The fall continues at the Bourse . The artificial means , to which recourse has been had , are insufficient to arrest the fall . In vain are large discountingjtransactions advertised daily , for the purpose of checking the operations for the fall . In vain the Administration of deposits and consignments invest one million per diem by order of the Government . In vain the Receivers General are instructed to buy up stock ; the funds still fall . The movement this week has been most marked . In truth , the situation is very serious . The letter of General Changarnier has been

      handed about at the Bourse . Bonaparte , according to the General ' s statement , went so far as to say he would recal Henry V ., and crown him King of France , if Changarnier would but assist hini ( Bonaparte ) to put down the National Assembly . All these infamies , coming out in the broad light of day , have shocked ' the public conscience , and the feeling of indignation is general . Since then we have had the letter of General Lamoriciere , which is Beginning to circnlate in Paris by the medium of MS . copies . This letter contains no

      revelation , however , regarding the events of December . The General confines himself to refusing , in sufficiently strong terms , to take the oath . " Proscribed in contempt of tlie laws , " says he , "I should not have thought that I could have been called upon to subscribe an oath of fidelity to the man whoso power , usurped by violence , can only maintain itself by force ?" Letters to the same cficct are expected from Generals Bedeau and Leflo .

      The communication of the- Comto do Chambord to his faithful Legitimists , has also affected public opinion The Legitimist party are strictly enjoined in this document to abstain from subscribing tho oath ; to refuso any appointment necessitating tho taking of tho oath ; and to keep completely aloof from the present Government . There is consequently a deluge of refusals . Tho Republicans having been for three years virtually excluded from all public functions—functions which , for lack of Bonapurtistn , who do not exist , have devolved on Orleanists and Legitimists . You may judge of tho pcrplexitios and perturbation produced in the departmental and communal administrations , by these refusals . In addition to a crowd of private individuals , whom it would bo impossible to enumerate , Municipal Councils ,

      Tribunals of Commerce , Dopartevnontal Councils , appear to vie with each other in forwarding their resignations to the Government . This week , I observe , tho Municipal Councils of Aloncon and BcTort , and . tho Tribunal of Commorco of Rhodotf , have adopted tins step . Tho learned bodies of tho IriHtituto liavo boon seized with a noble emulation to follow , in tho eamo direction , as they became aware of tho treatment to which M . Arngo hud been subjected . MM . Uurthe'leniy Saint Hilaire , director of tho College of Franco ; 1 ' ouillut , tho celebrated natural philosopher ; Cauchy , of tho Faculty of Seioneos , have sent in their resignations , us well as M . Haure ' au , of tho National Library , and M . Chomol , director of the Faculty of Medicine . Many otlicr Savants are about to follow their oxmnplo . There were ,

      nevertheless , a few who answered the summons of the Minister of the Interior ; but instead of taking the oath in the manner prescribed , they merely raised their hand while passing the Minister , before the formula of the path had been read to them * and left without uttering a single syllable . This amusing story has been the joke of all Paris . While these things are going on , the official world is feasting and dancing . Since the banquet of the 11 th three others have taken place : one at the Military School , given to the army delegates , whose ironical and flippant air at the ceremony of the 10 th , led St . Arnaud to exclaim , " these feliows look as though they wanted to make fools of us > " These delegates were again entertained at the Hotel de Ville ; fora dead-set was made to win . them before their return to their respective regiments . A third banquet has been given , but I am unable to say on what acdount . We are now about to celebrate the marriage of Persigny . Bonaparte lends him Fontainebleau for the honeymoon ! The committee of the Legislative Body , entrusted with the examination of the budget of 1853 , was formed on Saturday . The members were unanimousl y selected from that fraction of the Chamber called the * ' Independents . " This significant fact causes much uneasiness at the Elysee . The committee consists of MM , Gouin , banker and ex-Minister of Finance , chairman ; Montalembert ; J . Ouvrard , son of the celebrated financier j Louvet ; Chasseloup-Laubat , ex-representative ; DeFlavigny ; De Bussieres , exTSecretary to the Chamber of Deputies ; the Due d'Uzes ; the Due de Mouchy ; Ancel , merchant , and ex-Mayor of Havre ; Halley-Claparede , ex-Deputy ; De Belleyme , son of the eminent President of the Tribunal of the Seine ; and Baudoing , manufacturer , and ex-Deputy . The first meeting of the committee was held on Monday , and important resolutions were adopted . The committee decided upon demanding , — -1 st , the suppression of the ministry-of police ; 2 nd , explanations on the subject of the conversion of ' the fivepercents . ; 3 rd , explanations as to the deficit , which the Government estimates at fifty millions , Jbut which is in reality a hundred millions , as reckoned by M . Gouin . M . Bonaparte had laid a trap for the Legislative Body , by settling beforehand the deficit in the budget , so as to force the Chamber to propose some additional taxes , and thus bring upon themselves the unpopularity of the measure . M . Delamarre ( of the JPatrie ) , who obeyed the signal of the Elysee , spoke in the preparatory debate , on the necessity of increasing the income , allowing the expenditure to remain untouched . "We know all about that , " was replied ; " you seek to treat us like the late National Assembly , and to induce us to enact unpopular laws , so that you may afterwards . claim the merit of abolishing them . But we remember the electoral law of the 31 st of May , and the law for the re-establishment of the duty on liquors . " M . Vevoo : then proposed to levy a tax on advertisements . " Yes ,, yes / ' said tho " Independents , " " a tax on advertisements , in order to put an end to publicity in the newspapers ! M . Vdron ( of tho Constitutional ) sat down , covered ; with shame , amidst the fire of this repartee , to which ho owed his exclusion from tho committee . It is expected that in the sittings which are to follow , the committee will decide upon tho necessity ot diminishing the expenses , and propose a reduction ot tho army . Tho attitude of the Legislative Body causes serious alarm to Louis Bonaparte . In the meantime ,, rigorous measures are being carried on in all directions . This week there have been fifteek noUcesserved on tho provincial press . One of these journals ,, tho JProqres du Pas de Calais , has been suppressed . Not even tho Freemasons are exempt from furnishing grounds of disquietude ; tho Executive , in its fear , na closed fifty masonic lodges . In short , tho tran sportations are still going on . Letters from Nisines stjw , that a convoy of prisoners recently passed througn w « town amidst tho cries of Vive la Jl ^ pttblique I A strange report circulated at the Bourse _ to-uap It was said , an insurrection had broken out at Maun ,, that tho Spanish ministry bad published its or «» nances like Charles X ., and that tho people had enccw a revolution , in imitation of that of July , 1830 J

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      482 ^ il E ^ ' ^ KAPi ^ ^ ATTJRB ^ Y ,

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      CONTINENTAL NOTES . ^ M . GnANiKK dk Cassaonao , tho hired fr » T ? jfL , ! French prose , tho bully of the Oonstitv ttonne , »¦ „ - lot Iooho by tho Government to bonpattor witu «• t ]) Sp and abuso tho Generals who havorel ' ueed totouo w <) ie , With respect to Lomoriciero , ho does , not ouipv' . bravory of tho general , but ho denies tho miuuar \ t flI 1 ( i but on Ohanenrhior , tho somotirno intimate R ^ omR , fown » now tho bitterest onomy of tho Myseo , he laviehus «» of insult and contempt . . - —

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      ^ : — iT * ia at K' « '' * This rumour remains uncottfirm . ca , ** **> premature , —E » , ° f . Lwftfir *

  • Citation
    • Leader (1850-1860), May 22, 1852, page 482, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse2.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1936/page/6/