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Art . XVII . In case of the decease or retirement of one of the three partners , the Society may be continued by the two others , who will have power to take a third . Abt . XVIII . In case of the decease of two of the partners , the undertaking may be continued by the survivor , who may take to their number two new associates . . ¦ ¦ ' < Aet . XIX * At the expiration of the Society , such sum as , after payment of all debts , may remain in hand , shall be devoted , under joint advice of the council of co-editors and the council of trustees , to an object of general charity or utility . The method of its disposal will he made public .
Aet . XX . A special regulation will determine all matters respecting the Journal , the Review , and the council of co-editors . Abt . XXI . The council of trustees is at present composed of Messrs . Edward Vansittart Neale and William Coningham , who have accepted the office . London , May 10 , 1852 .
FEENCH EEFTTGEES . A soirie , the proceeds of which were to be devoted to the French Refugee Fund , was held on Tuesday at the literary Institution , John - street , Tottenham - court - road . Mr . Robert Le Blonde , having been called to the chair , read a letter from Viscount Goderich , inclosing 10 Z . ; another from M . Mazzini , inclosing 11 ., as well as letters from ; Ledru Eollin , and Mr . T . Buncombe , M . E ., explaining the cause of their absence . After some preliminary remarks , and the adoption of a sentiment pledging the meeting to use their efforts for the support of the refugees now in this country , M . Louis Blanc , addressing the meeting in
English for the first tune , spoke of the sufferings endured by the French refugees in London , and expressed his gratitude for the kindness which they had experienced . He said : — - Allow me to remind you of a recent and very striking fact . At the time of the Revolution of February , when , in consequence of the foolish alarms spread everywhere by the reactionary party , —when , I say , manufactories were closed , when commerce stopped , when money was hoarded up , it happened that in some places French workmen began—in a very small number , and misguided , alas ! by starvation—to complain of the competition of the foreign
operatives . But what was , on that occasion , the conduct of the deleguSs du iAtxembourg , who had been elected by all the corporations in Paris to represent the sacred cause of labour ? They protested indignantly , in the _ name of the whole body of the people , against this impious complaint ; and it was with their unanimous support that the member of the provisional government who is now speaking issued a proclamation , in which a question was put to the people—Are the foreign workmen your brethren , yes or no ? Yes ! yes ! Such was the moving answer of the people , and an agitation quite incompatible with the genius of France was immediately stifled .
He was followed by M . Pierre Leroux , M . Cabet , and several others . It is no insignificant fact with respect to the progress of Association in this country , to find the subject earnestly taken , up by the resident members and students of our universities . We hear that the Oxford Union Debating Society has devoted , lately , three of its weekly meetings to discuss the Associative principle and Christian Socialism . The question opened by the leader of the debate was , that Association is the best remedy for the industrial and social evils of the present time . The controversy was most animated ,
the audience numerous and attentive , and the two parties almost equal ; the supporters of association taking their ground especially from the Christian socialist tracts , and from Mr . Kingsley ' s works ; the opponents keeping the more easy field of merely negative political economy . Some gentlemen , and they were perhaps tho more lucid and practical in their argument , took the via media advocated by tho Edinburgh Review , namely , that although industrial partnerships between working men may not produco great results , the experiment is worth a fair trial , and should have it . A ridiculous rumour was circulated , that tho Vice-chancellor would have forbidden the discussion , but nothing
of tho kind occurred ; and it was for the best , for it is altogether wise and timely that questions having such a lively interest for tho public mind , should bo early and openly considered by young minds in their period of formation and expansion . It is only to bo regretted that tho student-ndvocates of Association knew little of tho subjeefc-mattor but by hearsay , and ho fell into tho fallacy " of Hotting up a subversive opposition between labour and capital , whoreos , m wo arc- constantly saying , tho proper field lies botweon two modes of employing capital and labour—tho" competitive mode which now prevails , and tho co-operative modo which is tho now and liighor form to which human society progressively aspiros .
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METROPOLITAN SANITARY ASSOCIATION . Tip second anniversary festival of this association was celebrated on tho 4 th inst ., at tho London Tavern , BiuhopBgato-Btreot , under the presidency of tho Earl of Harrowby , The noblo Earl was supported by tho Earl
of Shaftesbury , Viscount Ebringtonj M . P ., Lord James Stuart , M . P , , the Hon . Dudley Fbrtescue , Sir W . C . Ross , Mr . Chadwick , Mr . F . O . Ward , Mr . Mechi , Mr . Brassey , and about sixty other gentlemen . After the customary loyal toasts , the Chairman proposed " Prosperity to the Metropolitan Sanitary Assbciotion , " in a speech'full' of point ; good , sense , and public spirit . "It was , he said , a fact that , although much had been talked about , little had been done . The water supply , the drainage * and sewerage , were in nearly the same state as before The stimulus given-by the cholera had been speedily extinguished , and unless some new force was apinflu
phed the same vis inertice would still ; prevail . Ine - ence of public opinion was transient , but that of vested interests was permanent . The influence of public op inion had in some measure counteracted the latter , and it vras the duty as well as the interest of the press and the intelligent portion of the community—of the clerical and medical professions- —of the army / and navy- —to come forward boldly in the matter of sanitary reform , and make it impossible for any interest to withstand them . He proceeded to show that it was a public and not a private matter , and he must say that this institution did good service , and he hoped it would do more still , by showing what ought to be and what might be effected . The association , he was
afraid , would never be popular . In fact , it was not an agreeable duty that was required from them , to recapitulate a number of odious facts , which might be wholesome , but were certainly not pleasing . ( Hear , hear . ) He was afraid that the public would be tired of sanitary reform , and say that they were always repeating these odious details , which they thought had been settled long ago . It required g reat exertions to keep the matter before the public , and he hoped that the reaction from the provinces would give increased vitality to their operations in the metropolis . He also referred to the slight exertions of the majority of the metropolitan members in promoting the movement amongst their constituencies , and hoped that
by next year the great powers possessed by the city of London would not be left inactive , but extended all over the metropolis . In conclusion , he called upon those gentlemen , to whose noble exertions in supporting the many charities for which this city was celebrated they were so much indebted , to unite in lending their assistance . For by this movement the necessit y for these charities would be greatly diminished . ( Hear , hear , hear . ) The evils were rapidly increasing every-year with the increase of population / instead of being lessened ; and he drew a fearful picture of the evils resulting from the number of
destitute widows and orphans haunting the metropolis . Space was becoming more valuable—^ -rents were higher , and the condition of the great towns was bringing On a state of national deterioration . It might be seen in the countenance and physical condition of the urban population—and he instanced the increasing crowded state of Bethnal-green . Strong measures were required , and the Ministry only could deal with it . They themselves could not interfere with vested interests , and it was only by working upon public opinion and by their co-operation that they could effect any good at all . "
Mr , Mechi proposed " The Sanitary Reformers of the House of Lords , " and alluded to the great benefits which would result to agriculture from the application of the sewerage to tho soil , and stated the results of his own experiments on the subject . The Earl of Shaftesbury returned thanks , feelingly and earnestly deploring that " all efforts to elevate the lower orders were in vain so long as their present domiciliary and sanitary condition was left untouched . " Mr . Brassey then proposed , " The Sanitary Reformers of the House of Commons , " to which Viscount Ebrington responded , rebutting the charges of monopoly and centralization brought against the sanitary party , and declaring that sanitary consolidation increased competition and responsibility , and strengthened , instead of subverting , local self-government .
Mr . Edwin Chadwick proposed " Tho Literary Supporters of Sanitary Reform , " coupling with tho toast tho names of Mr . Charles Dickens , and Mr . F . O . Ward , whom he eulogised in connexion with the press of this country generally for the power and independence with which they had attacked tho vested interests opposed to sanitary progress , and spread abroad , not only in Europe , but also in America , tho great snnitary principles of tho prcventibility of disease , and of sanitary consolidation , which England has had tho honour of first originating .
Mr . F . O . Ward , in tho absenco of Mr . Charles Dickens , whom ho wannly eulogised as one of tho staqnchcHt friends of sanitary progress , responded on behalf of tho press , and dwelt with great force on tho fearful fact , that a rapid Degradation of Race is taking place in thq low crowded town districts of England , by which not only tho physical powers of tho people aro impaired , but their susceptibility of lofty aspirations and emotions , their love of virtue , and thoir capacity
for freedom . Ho showed how , by tho combined sanitary and agricultural movements , henceforth united in ono grand organization , this groat national calamity might bo averted ; and ho appealed to every Englishman who desired to transmit his rnco and 1 i ! h blood as pure to his children as ho had received it from his ancestors , to aid tho sanitary party in putting a stop to those fearful evils of filth , and consequent crime , misery , and degeneration , which must else increase
upon us , and destroy at once the elevation of th British character , and the prosperity of the country ° The subscriptions announced during the evenine amounted to between 400 ? . and 500 / . *
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. THE CAPE WAR . News from Kafirland reached home by the Hellespont which arrived at Plymouth On Sunday afternoon ' General Cathcart has begun to act with great vigour " and Macomo , who had been driven from the "Waterkloof by General Somerset , had returned to his old quarters as the troops retired . But the policy of General Cathcart is best described in an address which he issued on the 12 th of April , from King William ' s Town . " Chiefs , amapakati , and people who dwell between tho rivers Kei and Keiskamma— - « Qur great and good Queen Victoria has sent me George Cathcart , to be your great chief and governor . ' " I am come among you to do good to all those who are faithful and true to their word . " Therefore , Pato , Siwani , Toise , TJmkai , and all those chiefs and men of the T'Slambie tribes who have been faithful during this war— -I am your , good friend so long as you , your amapakati , and people , will allow me to be so . I will also be the friend of Umhala , provided that his future conduct be such as to acquire my good opinion . '' But as for Sandilli , and all the Gaika chiefs and people , also the T'Slambies Seyolo and Fnifundisi , and their fol . lowers , they have rebelled against their Sovereign , Queen Victoria , and have suffered rebel Hottentots ana others to join them in fighting against her soldiers . " That is a great crime , and cannot be forgotten ; therefore , though I wish for peace , andthat all bloodshed should cease , Sandilli , and all those who have taken part in this wicked rebellion , must go beyond the Kei , and none of them will ever be suffered to return and live in peace in the country they occupied before the war . " George Cathcabt , Lieutenant-Genera ! , "High Commissioner . "
By general order from head-quarters , dated April 21 , it appears that 500 Minie muskets are in hand . Six of them are to be given to each of the 62 companies of battalions under General Cathcart ' s-command . They are to be given to the best marksmen , one of which , and one only , to be a npn-commissioned officer j the present arms to be placed in store . No two marksmen are to stand as front and rear rank relatively to each other . The selected men at the word of command are to be ready to spring in front > but never to be made a substitute for an advanced guard . When the special service is over the marksmen are , at the sound of the
bugle , to return to their respective places . Commanding officers are enjoined to be careful and scrupulous in the selection of marksmen for this important service , which will carry with it high honorary distinction , and entitlo those selected to favourable consideration . Colonel Michel had a brush with tho enemy on the I 7 th of April , near Fort Cox . The enemy mustered very strong . One company of the 6 th , and one of the Rifles were on the left flank , well covered by rocks . While the main body were moving to take a fresh position to the right front , tho two companies becamo severely engaged , and for some time no advantage waa gained by either side , until a sub-division of the 6 th drove the
light company , making a desperate charge , enemy with heavy loss from their position . Eight were killed by the bayonet , and one man , nnmed Kelly captured a musket ready capped and loaded by dashing out a Kafir ' s brains with the butt of his piece . During this time the Colonel ordered a company of Bines into ambush , and to wait till ho ordered thorn to rise . Tho column moved off , and when the Kafirs thought all was clear , they camo on for tho purpose of having a row partial shots ; but , sad to state , upon their arrival within 100 yards of tho company of Rifles , they received ^ volloy , which drove them heudlong down the cWW , leaving some twenty killedbesides others wounded .
, ^ The gallows him been erected at King Williams Town , and General Cuthcart haw resolved to hang two of the councillors of Stock and Seyolo who have been captured . ' , . Sandilli , as « oon as General Cathcart arrived , sent w Commissioner Brownloo to ask for peace , " us tho !»»« had been disturbed long enough . " But tho ines 8 Jnff ^ was sent back to say that tho Governor would tiiko notico of tho Gaik ' as on thin side of tho Koi ; when o and all his people wore on the other side they mig « then ncgotate , but not before .
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A WHITECHAPEL ltOMANCK . Mahomet Abraham , a jot black beggar-man , who usually led through tho strcots by a brown dog , » Ei ; zu 1 aged 23 , tho daughter of a gentleman w » resides in London , wore brought before tho ^ Mayok , by Henry Major , an officer of tho Mj ^ Society , on Saturday . Abraham is ft very Uiiwrci looking follow from tho " blind boggar of Jiow " greon . " His head is covered with long mx ™ f { LJ and tho rags which do duty for clothing are tati . and filthy in un extreme degree . Tho woman >» w »
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558 THE LEADER . [ Saturday ,
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Leader (1850-1860), June 12, 1852, page 558, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse2.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1939/page/10/
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