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Leader (1850-1860), 21st August 1852, Edition Town of 2, Page 790, Untitled Article

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      Untitled Article

      specific proposal made to it by the North-Western ; but both of those rival incorporations show the liveliest desire to become onfe . The fact attests the general disposition tti 8 fi ] iH £ ftfeae the Ola principle of competition ; but thus § S& the project does not proceed upon the sure bft&s of Association , since it does not . take the iSierest of the consumer into the allian&j ; "We" UeikSve , however ,-that that would follow : for the most intelligent

      of railway administrators know full well , that the prosperity of their trade depends , competitive victory altogether apart , upon the largest revenue which they can draw from the public ; and they are finding out that , in the long run , that largest revenue is only to be obtained by consulting the interests of the public . Death to the public is also death to dividends .

      Untitled Article

      PROROGATION OF PARLIAMENT . The Queen held a Privy Council at Osborne on Wednesday , which was attended by Prince Albert , the Lord Chancellor , the Marquis of Salisbury , the Earl of Derby , the Right Honourable Spencer Walpole , the Earl of Malmesbury , Sir John Pakington , the Chanceller of the Exchequer , the Duke of Northumberland , the Earl of Hardwicke , the Right Honourable J . C . Herries , and the Marquis of Exeter . A prorogation of Parliament to the 21 st of October was ordered , and the following paragraph appears in a supplement to the London Gazette of the l * 7 th instant : —

      At the Court at Osborne House , Isle of Wight , the 18 th day of August , 1852 , present the Queen ' s most excellent Majesty in Council : It is this day ordered by her Majesty in Council , that the Right Hon . the Lord High Chancellor of that part of the United Kingdom called Great Britain do issue writs for proroguing the Parliament , which was appointed to meet on Friday , the 20 th day of August instant , to Thursday , the 21 st day of October next ; and also for proroguing the Convocations of the provinces of ^ Canterbury and York , from Saturday the 21 st day of August irstant , to Friday , the 22 nd day of October next .

      Untitled Article

      AMERICAN NEWS . THE FISHEEY QUESTION . Two steamers have arrived at Liverpool since our last , the America and the Arctic , bringing papers up to the 4 th and 7 th of August . Public excitement on the fishery question was s . ubsiding , and the papers spoke of the subject with sense and moderation . Nevertheless the Mississippi set sail from New York on the 31 st , under Commodore Perry , for the fishing grounds ; and two frigates were being rapidly fitted up .

      In the senate , on the 2 nd , a message was received from the President , in answer to Mr . Mason ' s resolution calling for information respecting the fisheries , transmitting a report of the Acting Secretary of State , and stating that Commander Perry , with the steam frigate Mississippi , had been despatched there to protect American rights . Mr . Cuss moved its reference to the Committee on Foreign Relations . The greater part of the correspondence accompanying the message has been printed heretofore , as it emhraces all that has takon place on the subject since 1823 , a lurge part of which wns Kent to the Hcnate in February , 1845 . Tho following letter is , however , interesting : — MB . CUAMPTON TO MR . WEBSTER . " Washington , July 5 . "Snt , —I have boon directed by her Majesty's Government to bring to the knowledge of tho Government of tho United Stilton u moafitiro which has boon adopted by her Majesty '« Government to prevent , a repetition of tho complaint h which have ho frequently been made of tho encroachment of vessels belonging to citizens of the United States and of 'Franco upon the fishing grounds reserved by tho convention of 1 H 1 B . Urgent representations having been addrcsHcd to her Majesty's Government by tho ( jovemiricntH of tho North American provinces in regard

      to these encroachments , whereby tho colonial fisheries aro moht HcriouNly prejudiced , directions have been given by iho Jjordu oi her Majesty ' s Admiralty for stationing oil jVow HiuTiflwick , Prinoo Edward ' s Island , and in the Gulf of St . Lawrence , such a forces of small sailing vessels and Htcairiorri aH ttlui . ll bo doomed sufficient , to urovunt the injmction of tho treaty , it is tho command of tho Queen that tho officers employed should bo specially enjoined to avoid nil interference with vessels of all friendly 1 ' owers , except vvboro they arc violating the treaty , and upon all occasions to avoid giving grounds of complaint by harsh or unnecessary proceedings whore cirouniatancos compel their arrest or seizure .

      " 1 avail mynolfof thin opportunity to renew to you tho ntJBuranco of my high consideration . "Jno . F . Crami'ton . " Acting Secretary Hunter , under tbito of July (> , acknowledged ilm reeoipt of thin note . Mr . C iihh addressed the > nentito for inoro than an hour in exumiuation of tho treaty of 1818 , and in reading

      from the instructors and d&nrespondence of the commissioners who iiSgotiated that treaty , as well as the correspondence tefcween the British' Commissioner afid jfinister iijMi the" subject , shotfiti § that the -BtfHSn fcfcnstructidti was wnolly untenable . He contended that ifc § American construction wds the proper one . He shaded to tile importance of the interests engaged in lie fisheries ,- and Strenuously urged thai they should be protected by « fl the power of the United Stategjf necessary , He regarded the inovenient of Gtfeat Britain as most extraordinary . Mr . Davis said , his opinion , expressed some time since , that there was no cause for alarm , and that no war would grow out of this matter ,

      was still unchanged . Still he considered there was much in it of an irritating and vexatious character . He had listened to the senator from Michigan with much pleasure . Incidentally connected with the matter was the question of reciprocity . He now protested against any settlement of the reciprocity question by treaty . He would never yield that question to be determined by negotiation . He did not believe Congress would consent to yield the control of the revenues of the country to the treaty-making power . It would never do to limit by treaty the revenues of the nation . To do so would be an encroachment upon the fundamental principles of the constitution . He considered this movement on the part of Great Britain as

      intended as a stroke of policy which might result as a dangerous one , and the colonies might perhaps find out that the object they had in view was not to be advanced by it . He pronounced the construction passed on the treaty by Great Britain as altogether erroneous . He did not think a war would grow out of this . He did not think Great Britain wanted a war , but if she did she could have it . He would never surrender any right to her . Mr . Hamlin followed in a critical examination of the treaty , and of the correspondence at the time of its negotiation . He maintained that the American interpretation of the treaty of 1818 was correct , and that it was sustained by all the authorities . He considered that the conduct Of

      Great Britain could not be submitted to without disgrace and dishonour . He had not concluded when the subject was postponed . The correspondent of the New York Journal of Commerce , writing from Washington , under date August 5 , says : — Mr . Webster and Mr . Crampton have effected a truce in respect to the fishery war . Mr . Crampton would , as I am advised from an authentic source , have himself suspended the orders and withdrawn the naval force , if he had possessed the power . But he has written to the Government and urged the adoption of that measure . He

      has , in the meantime , requested Admiral Seymour to remain inactive , as he probably will do , until an answer be received by Mr . Crampton . The Colonial authorities seem , however , disposed to keep up tho war , and they make no secret of the fact that their object is to force the adoption by the United States Government of the reciprocity measure . Lord Elgin has recently , in a conversation with a high functionary , denied that reciprocity was at all in view , when the orders were given . They were given , ho says , in conformity with the urgent petitions of the colonial authorities—petitions continued , but neglected by tho Government , for six or seven years . From other sources ,

      wo are advised that the British Government had no reference to tho promotion of tho reciprocity measure , in their action , whatever might have been tho intentions of the colonial Government . But it is hardl y necessary to « u ' scuss the question whether reciprocity will or will not bo insisted upon as tho condition on which tho United States can enjoy tho right of fishing , as heretofore ; for votv few hero are disposed to tolerate any proposition looting towards reciprocity , under present circumstances —whether by legislation or by treaty . It is a matter of uncertainty what course tho Derby Ministry , which in now firinlv seated in power , will tako as to the fishery question .

      They may condescend to suffer tho matter to bo further investigated . They may bo content with an arrangement which will carry into effect tho terms of tho Convention of 1818 , according to the cotomporary understanding and exposition of it , by those who mado it . In that case thoro will , of course , bo no difficulty . But if for this she demand any equivalent—oven reciprocity with Canada—it will not bo granted as an equivalent . After all this storm shall blow over , and the froo-trado principlo shall bo bettor understood and established in this country , it in vory probable that some system of mutually beneficial reciprocity will bo adopted .

      Ah it is confidently stated on this side the Atlantic that the qusticon is Bottled , it is interesting to notice that Commodore Perry , writing from Enstport , Maine , on tho 2 nd of August , says , " I havo been collecting information respecting the fisheries . Everything indicates a favourable issue . " Thus ) the cloud Hooms dinsipatinu ; , and war is at present averted , thanks to tho good sonae of both pooplos .

      TBOT / BLJ 28 IN CUBA . Suon m tho heading of a paragraph in tho Jioston livening Transcript of the 27 th of J uly : —¦ " There are indications , of a renewal of trouble in Cuba ; but this time it promises to bo from within and not from without . Tt is ntated that an extensive conspiracy , embracing not only mreny of tho iuhnbitnntu ,

      but even , 8 ^ thd © ffifciala , is in existence , with £ hP « pose of throwing &ff the Spanish yoke , and ereeST Cuba into an inj £ j $ feridftit government . The NewT I Courier and IttQUirer has received the first cobv of revolutionary jdttrriat published in Cuba , by a i ^ I junta , at the * iak of their lives . The paper will be n ? lished as regnla ' rfy as the circumstances will rjerrrrt " The second fltiifcbe * wfis in press when the Courier > Ti formarit left Havana . It is circulated from hand to hand , sebretly among all classes 6 f people ,- and m i ™ Kin + 2 i

      , . * - . « . _ ^ HO * portant did the Government consider the movement that a reward of 20 , 000 dollars has been offered for th ' discovery of the printing office , and an addi tional reward for the seizure of impressions . Thirty thousand copies of the first number were struck off , and the Courier has made arrangements to receive the succeeding numbers , and present their contents to its readers The following is a translation Of the first number of this sheet : —

      « ' THE VOICE OF THE CUBAN PEOPLE . " ' OBGAJtf OF INDEPENDENCE . " ' Year 1852 . ] Island of Cuba , June 13 . rjj j " ' TO OTTE BEADEBS . " ' This paper has for its object , to represent the true opinion of the Creole Cubans—to propagate the noble feeling of Liberty that every ' wise people ought to be possessed of . In it they will see the light of aU the political doings of the Spanish Government , which that Government seels to hide—all the acts of injustice , d ^ fepotism , and t yranny which are committed against our compatriots , without partiality . It shall be published twice a month , if eircum-— J _ __ . « * m wHvl ] M i-t ¦¦¦ - ¦ nr-i - ¦ «* W % ' l 4 ^ nTS % A < tih A *< L vVfl ^ f ^ &K rt ~ l rf M an n ' *^^ ' t i ~ % t ~ - m stances will permitand aolg id surin ' ooht fne in

      — ^* ^ ^ __ , we are - numerable sacrifices we are obliged to undergo for its publication . Without doubt , as often' as it is possible it will be published , without , fear of death , or the penalties to which are condemned , ill our unhappy country , the friends of the propagation of Liberty . We fear nothing . If We are discovered by any infamous betrayer , we shall die ! but it will be after having rendered important service to the holy cause of the freedom of Cuba . We only beg of our friends and compatriots to circulate industriously all numbers which shall fall into their hands , for the expenses and dangers which we are obliged to encounter , keep us from printing as many numbers as we wish . '

      " The Courier translates two articles from the paper , which are of the boldest revolutionary character , and represent Cuba as ripe for revolt against . the tyrannous government of Spain . He must be A bold man indeed , who , under the present state of things in Cuba , would mix himsself up with such a desperate enterprise , where discovery before insurrection must be attended with inevitable death . " That the elements of a desperate outbreak is at

      work among the Cubans we have little doubt . They are an oppressed and tax-burthened people , and wait but for opportunity to throw off the yoke . This opportunity they did riot see in the proffered aid of Lopez and his filibusters . Probably the distrusted Lopez , whose character was execrable among them , and who was known as an unprincipled gambler and desperado ; or perhaps they thought their salvation must issue from among themselves . " Who would be free , themselves nuist strike the blow . " We shall not be surprised at any time to hear of an outbreak . "

      Untitled Article

      WAIi IN ^ UMAH . We printed the laconic despatches of the electric telegraph , relating to India news on Saturday j fuller information has since arrived . The Burmese attacked Martaban on the 26 th of May , about six o ' clock in the morning , with a thousand men . Our pickets and a reconnoitring party were driven in ; tho enemy carne within musket shot , and were received by a heavy tire of graiw , which broke thoir advance . They then established themselves on a hill near the town and set up a flag ; but tound-shot made it too hot for them , anu

      they beat a retreat . n The capture of Pegu was effected at the instance or tho Pcgueso themselves who . were groaning unde Burmese oppressions . Our troops , assisted by tho natives , drove out the Burmese at a smart run , and hftvwfc delivered the Pcguese rfitirod . - But perhaps tho most important news is tho ^^ annexation gradually growing more loud . Ihe goon expeditionary force" ih to ho converted into u " Army of Burmuh . " The following letter iron * i officer at Kangoon is pretty wtrongly expressed .: tt ' Thnrn ! u ,. „« U ^ iirAr cmT f / w . iin . r t . hfOUffhOllt tHO CfU II

      that the Governor-General cannot escape ftnnoxat ! , "' . _ - is ' tho victim of circumstances . ' Tho facts are mi ^ ()[ Wo storm and tafco Rangoon , and ere ( ho V hito w no » our muHkotr j haft curled ftway , tho inhabitants w " () f doBortod it , driven out by our shells and by t » o r > u ' - « ur thoir homes , return to find shelter within the ran J , ^^ to guns . Within two months of this wr ? , V fr '; of fl <) , ( XX ) persons havo flocked in « nd rebuilt tno ri ^ itAtigfxm ! Tho rivor bank ? are lined with boats * Jiil ( Jr 0 , » , or five miles along , containing mon , women , an < ^ who fool themselves most soouro wfien in » ' *¦> . thftt Htoamor I Some designing person spread tno x » i tho llnglinh woro going to Joavo fcho counlrX j ^ f t creatures prepared at onco to decamp or to " > " vill « g 0 to eoa if they could . Tho eipoOitiota that wont to ft v » *

      Untitled Article

      7 qa THE LEADER . [ Saturday par "t r , . * I j ^^ — '

  • Citation
    • Leader (1850-1860), Aug. 21, 1852, page 790, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse2.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1948/page/2/