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purpose of-procuring guano may be said to have consti-Ed such an occupancy of them as to give the Sovereigns of the continent a right of dominion over them under the law of nations . This department , however is not aware that the Lobos Islands were either discovered or occupied bv Spain or by Peru , or that the guano on them has ever been used for manure on the adjacent coast or elsewhere . It is certain that the distance from the continent is five or six times greater than is necessary to make them a dependency thereof pursuant to the public law . On the other hand , it is quite probable that Benjamin . Morrell , jun ., who , as master of the schooner Watson , of New Ybrk , visited those islands in September , 1823 , may justly claim to have been their discoverer . He gives a full account of
them in his narrative , published in New York m 1832 . Under those circumstances , it may be considered the duty of this Government to protect citizens of the United States who may visit the Lobos Islands for the purpose of obtaining guano . This duty will be more apparent when it is considered that the consumers of Chincha Island guano in this country might probably obtain it for half the price they now pay , were it not for the charges of the Peruvian Government . I shall consequently communicate a copy of this letter to the Secretary of the Navy , and suggest that a vessel of war be ordered to repair to the Lobos Islands for the purpose of protecting from molestation any of our citizens who may wish , to take the guano from them . ..
" I am Sir very respectfully , your ob ' edient servant , "Daniel Webstee . " Captain James C . Jewell , Master of the bark Philomela . <• - p . s . —It is considered important that this letter should not be made public at present . " A vessel lias been sent to these islands to protect the interests of American citizens who may be there . It would seem , however , that Mr . Webster has made his statements without sufficient investigation of the facts of the case . A letter from Dr . Mathie Hamilton , late of Tern , dated Glasgow , the 24 th of this month , appears in the Times of Thursday , in which it is ' stated , thut " these islands were mapped for the King of Spain more than a century ago , they being both named and
localized in various works which are not buried in the archives of the Escurial , but are patent to all who would inquire on the subject . " Dr . Hamilton states further , that three members of the Royal Academy of Sciences , M . Coiulamine , Don Jorge Juan , and Don Antonio do Ulloa , Avere sent out by the King of Spaiu , in 1735 , to make scientific observations . In 1748 , they published n work , printed in English in London , in 1772 , which contains a map delineating the islands of Lobos . A geographical and historical dictionary , by Colonel Alcado , was published in Madrid , in 1787 , in Avbicli these islands are described as within the Viceroyalty of Peru . Dr . Hamilton has also had in bis possession for nearly twenty years a map , which bears primd facie evidence of having existed for 250 years , in which the islands of Lobos arc distinctly laid down .
The New York Herald , and some other American journals , speak in a confident tone of this matter , and " seem to have little doubt of their Government making good their claim to these islands . The former paper characterizes the assumption of territorial rights by Peru as an unlawful usurpation , and the acquiescence of Cheat Krifain in their claim as a selfish connivance . It blames also Mr . Abbott Lawrence , who was the American Minister in London at the time of our recognition of the claims of Peru , as wanting in vigilance or prudence . The New York Journal of Commerce , however , takes a nioiv moderate view , and expresses a doubt of the justice of their claims .
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Ij 1 « : ttkrs krom paris . [ Kkom oiih own Uokrkspondknt . ] I a KIT Kit XXXV . 1 ' arin , Tuemliiy Kvimiiiijj , Aufjunt , 21 > , 1 H . "> 2 . Mv l : i :-it letter was written and despatched too soon to give you any detailed account , of the Ital de la Halle . I may n . >\ v fell you that the most signal punishment w . is there inllietod upon all that . oHicial world in ne : irch of popularity . The Dames de la Halle * ( market , Avoinen ) with their . / uvV . syj" insulted and hooted them all , and ministers , senators , generals , councillors of stale , employe ' s of the public oflices were put , to ( light , in the ; most summary uml undignified fashion . At , iirst , the poixsantes ( fish women ) got , hold of them : those Indies went beaming with pride at the thought , of dancing with men so beautifully bedizened and embroidered . The latter lent themselves i <> the fun with a tolerable grace for a round or two ; hut alter a time becoming impatient and ashamed of the part they wens playing , i , ml of the coiM-KO familiarity of their partners , ;] : they wen' fain to give the ladies of the market tho slip . Then began one of the most curious and comical scenes ever witnessed . All the quolibotH of the vocabulary of the Halle \\ , all tho flowers of lishfug eloquence were
poured in torrents on the devoted heads of these hapless popularity-hunters . « On ne s ' en va pas comme c « , " § cried these brave poissdrdes to the senators , attired in their grand official costumes , in rich lace and brilliant embroidery , as they punched them in the ribs " Tou are our jolly pals , and will ye will ye , sweet lambs , you must dance the rigodon with your commbres . m vite , en avant la musique ! " ( " then , music , bo ! " ) , . , twoat
Then you might have seen at one moment , another four , presently six fishwomen hustling and dragging off almost by the neck and heels some majestic Senator , or some haughty Councillor of State . Then came the tug of war among the women for their prey ; a war of abuse in which the Avhole catechism of the fishmarket was exhausted of its elegancies . There was no longer any standing it , and the official visitors were obliged to take to their heels . Unfortunately , history—inexorable history—has " taken down" the
names of the untoward personages , and has inseparably coupled them with the names of their odoriferous danseuses . M . le Comte de Persigny , Minister of the Interior , danced the first quadrille with Madame Clement , dealer in vegetables ,- General Magnan , Commander-in-Chief of the army of Paris , with Madame Amboster , seller of baked apples ; M . Romieu with Madame Damiel , seller of butter ; M . Pietri , Minister of Police , with Mdlle . Glaize , dealer in mushrooms ; M . de Montour with Mdlle . Jernmaire , seller of
herrings ; M . Collet-Meyzret with Mdlle . Bessm , dealer in salt provisions ; Captain de Lastic of the Navy , aidede-camp of the Minister of Marine , with Mdlle . Prosper , seller of giblets ; Captain de Montour , do ., with Madame Brisomont , dealer in tripe and chitterlings ; M . Ginut ( from the Ministry of the Interior ) Avith Madame Naunez , oyster-seller , &c , &e . On the other hand , the . gentlemen of the market ( les forts de la Halle ) took possession of the official ladies , and danced with them . M . Lepao-e , fort of the butter market , Avas the partner
of the Comtesse de Persigny ; M . Waiz , f ort of the meat-market , with Madame Theodore Ducos ( Avife of the Minister of Marine ) , M . Arnault , of the buttermarket , with Madame Drouin de l'Huys ( wife of the Minister of Foreign Affairs ); M . Lepage , of the oystermarket , Avith the " Comtesse d'Ornano ( of the Elysee ); M . Dclahaye , of the butteryarket , with Madame Magnan ; M . Barthelemy , of the fish-market , with the Baronne de Ladoncette , &c , &c . Worthy couples ! They deserve to be handed down together to the most
remote posterity . Louis Bonaparte did not appear at the ball . His absence sorely displeased all these ladies and gentlemen . A hundred rumours , vieing in absurdity , were flying about on the causes of his absence . Different plots were mentioned , some of incendiarism , others of assassination . It was reported that the carpenters employed in the construction of the ball-room and of the galleries had taken a malicious pleasure in not "joining" properly the gallery destined for the President and his suite , who were to come down " by the run . " Hut all these rumours were unfounded . It is true
forty working-carpenters were arrested ; but it was not for having forgotten the fastenings of the Presidential gallery , but simply for having struck for higher pay on the night before the ball . These arrests gave rise to all the rumours . As i'br Louis Bonaparte , his friends forbade ; his appearance ufc the ball of tho llalles , on the pretext , that in the midst of the crush a dagger might reach him by some secret hand . Besides , he was extremely fatigued with the files of Sunday , and with the ball given at St . Cloud on the Monday . Add to thin , that be was discouraged and discontented at the obstinate silence kept by the National < iuurd
of Paris , without exception , on the occasion of the felt ; and at the sullen determination of the crowd not so much as to raise their hats on bis passage . The absence of shouts of Titut Napoleon , too , had left a deej ) impression of melancholy on the President's mind ; and being like all the race whose mime he bears , very superstitious , he wan profoundly struck by tho fearful storm which prevailed throughout WwftUe , and which utterly prevented or destroyed the illumiuatioiiH ordered or prepared . Knonnous . sums had been literally thrown away . The cbairrin of Honaparte exceeds all bounds .
He has almost , shut himself up at , St . Cloud for several days , and has ceased to be accessible oven to his nearest friends . The " progress" into the southern departments is adjourned nine die . Jle is afraid of all uncertainties . So keenly irritated was ho at tho demeanour of the Parisian National Guard , that ho was on the vory point of decreeing their dissolution . Tins Moniteur denies the report : M . de I ' ersigny's advice being to look evil fortune in the face , to continue to impose upon public opinion , and by u semblance of security to conceal the false position in which tho Klynoo really in placed .
Matters have reached such a point , that many of ih pardons announced to appear shortly in the Monit Avill not appear at all . They are indefinitely postnmwT libe the " progress" in the south . ^ > Moreover , the policy as to the revival of the Emtrir is totally changed . It is , at length , well understood at the Elysee that the apogee is paafc and that the for tunes of Bonaparte ai * e on tho wane . It is felt th f unless advantage be taken of present power to proclaim the Empire , the President will stand a sorry chance of being proclaimed Emperor at all ! It has been
resolved , therefore to " go a-head , " and , the Czar willing or unwilling , to place the crown on the head of Bonaparte . Should the Czar declare war , the gauntlet will be taken up . The frontier of the Rhine ( as I have before told you ) will be the 'first prize to be won to create a diversion to counteract the present decay . Public attention , now concentrated on the Elysee , will be distracted by the operations of war , and Bonaparte will breathe freely awhile . It was at a great meeting of the Council , held at { St . Cloud , on Monday , the 16 th inst ., that these grave resolutions were adopted .
The electric telegraph sent instant orders to the Prefects to canvass for the Empire , and , if possible , to obtain addresses in its favour from the Cornells d'Arrondissement , and from the Councils General of the Departments . The despatch arrived in the midst of the session of the former of these councils . The Sous-Prefets , whom it reached in time , immediately drew up an extraordinary report to the councils , concluding that it was important to proclaim Bonaparte Emperor without delay . These " conclusions" were at once adopted by the councils . Unfortunately , the despatch did not reach all the councils soon enough ; a delay which explains the fact , that the immense majority of these addresses speak only of the necessity of stability
in the government , and not a word about proclaiming the Empire . M " o doubt if the orders had arrived in time , the councils Avould almost unanimously have demanded the proclamation of the Empire . The almost universal abstention of the population in the recent elections , left the field open for adventurers , who have taken refuge in the Bonapartist party , to fill the municipal and general councils . The session of the former being closed , nothing further is to be expected of them . But the Elysfe relies greatly on the Councils-General , which will have received in good time the necessary orders . We shall again find the government pompously proclaiming what is called in the jargon of the time the " unanimous will of the population of
France . " The Prefets and Sous-Prefets have equally received orders to push the imperialist petitions , which had been momentarily abandoned , on account of the threatening language of the Czar . We are hurrying on to a crisis , a formidable crisis . No doubt a European wa » -vould be the signal for civil Avar . There are those who think , that nothing less is required to renovate and to strengthen the national heart , —that a fiery baptism can alone wash out the stain . Everything tends to precipitate the denouement , — all circumstances Reem to combine to hasten
the crisis . « Persigny , the evil genius of Bonaparte , hisi right arm , his ever-present counsellor , is struck with afnglitful disease . He is not deranged , as I had been leu to suppose , but only epileptic . He falls down every second or third day in terrible fits . Many would say that the hand of God was heavy on the »»"'> whom avc owe all the crimes of the 2 nd of December .
Another serious fact is , the disastrous failure of w harvest , as reported in all parts « f France . One- ^ of the crops is said to bo ruined , in coluie ( 1 ! ' " ..... which a great rise in breadstuff * has already t uj ^ place , and a dearth begins to be seriously apP ^' ^ ' ' If you reinewbor that tho dearth of 1847 l ^^ J one year the revolution of ' 48 , you may euMiiy deratand with what alarm certain minds Una solves in presence of a similar calamity . , A terrible war of nouvelles a la main is being wag against the Government . Every body w become c U uguinHL mm ) uovormnem .. , rivc'ijr »« "j — - r uilloto " tho
1 Wo have gone back , to use the words of c ^ of tho J ' resse , to tho timea that preceded tuo " ^ of printing . There ure more copy ists m * n ' nittk o than in tho middle ages ; and what is wore , t' ^ ()' ri a fortune ut tho work . MS . copies of Vu'l <* fol ) d . Napoleon la Petit bavo reached 40 , ( 50 , ana ^ At those fabulous prices they arc greedily Him : , lic It is oven the fashion to bo provided with » ^^ tJu > stone , whereon to reproduce detached chap ^^ ji () forbidden hooks , and sell them again . * ° ercl ^ t ideu of tho wiiisution Victor Hugo '« work im ^ . ^ ^ he would wseiu to have predicted its «" . * - ( | IIIIgK lcd reveille of public opinion . Bale * of <*> P « j H' » J | llW king ucroHS tho Belgian Jiojutior ; unfortunately ™ ; - b difficult , yet the provinces ai « inundatoU w »
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* Tim Hull . ' in Ilio central iimrkot ol I ' ariH . ( f Tim porterx <> f M » o market are called " les forts . X Vr- " ' Mt < l < " comjHttfnvH ui leu tutoi / aient . " \\ A vocabulary roprotsonting our " BiliinpHgato . "
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§ " You don't ' hook it , quite ho easily , " would bo phruuo in the voruuculur .
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aifi THE LEADER . ____ OATim » A «
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Leader (1850-1860), Aug. 28, 1852, page 816, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse2.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1949/page/4/
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