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^ EircuMBBEED Estates iit Ibe&and . — -A bill to con-^^ ? . P *** <* the Cdmtoissionett appointed to many * the Sale and transfer ' of these estates is beine pasaed in the House of Lords . It continues the power of petitioning for the sale of new estates for two years / and t > f- / o ^ P owera of tte ^ commissionera for four years . JS ^^ ST *™! *** CiAintte ^ H showedVspirit of dishke to ^ e Bill , as ex ^ ptional and injurious to * the value of lafaded property ; but the lard Chancellor conclusiyely defended it . Lord St . Leonakds , moved last night that the operation of the new bill be limited for one year ; but he was defeated by 45 to 36 T' ¦ ¦ . lKCOME . TAx .-The . Income Tax BiU has been passed m . * h ® Lords- ¦^ ndments , " proposed by lords LtrcAK and ^ ickxow being rejected b 34 to 18 and 21 to 10 ¦
y , Cokeupt Ejection at Barnstaple . —A Commission has been prayed by both Houses to inquire into corrupt proceedings at the late election for Barnstaple . There was some opposition in the House of Lords , on the grounds tftat the evidence was weak . Apropos of this . Lord BEottgham expressed a doubt whether it was really illegal for a peer to interfere at an election . The resolui ^ ? r e House of Commons excluding them also excluded lord lieutenants of counties , yet the latter actually eat as members in the House . But Lord Campbell pointed out that it was nofc'the resolution of the Commons that could make it illegal ; it was the constitution of the country , which marked a distinction between the Peers sitting by hereditary right and the Commons House of Parliament .
Scottish Univeesities . —At present the professors in Scottish universities must take an oath stating their adhesion to the Presbyterian doctrine . Government propose instead , a declaration of adhesion to the Westminster Confession of Faith and a promise not to use the resources of the professorship for the subversion of the Established Church of Scotland . ¦ " '• Mixed Education- itt Ieelasd , —It has been , stated that Dr . Wh&tely a Evidences of Christianityhave been expunged from the list of school books used in the Irish Ifational Schools . Sir John Young explains , that the new rule is that when the parent of any one child object to the use of that book , the use of it shall be relegated to the hours of separate religious instruction .
Juvenile Mendicancy . — Lord Shaftesbury ' s Bill , which ordains that young mendicants shall be taken by the police and supported in the workhouse at the expense of the parents , has been read a second time in the House of Lords .
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LETTERS FROM PARIS . [ Fbom oub own Correspondent . ] Letter LXXIX . Paris , Thursday Evening , June 30 , 1853 . An unforeseen circumstance is about to bring on a crisis , in France , and in the sequel of that crisis a revolution . The crops are ruined—hay , corn , and vintage ; scarcely a fraction of them has been saved this year . The bad weather we have had for two months , with constant rain and a very low temperature , has kept back vegetation , flooded the meadows , and rotted the growing crops . Deplorable news is continually arriving from all parts of France . The whole South has been covered with snow ! Snow in the month of June !
Never ha « there been known such an abnormal condition of tho atmosphere . The loss of the green crops has been followed by an extraordinary rise in the price of butcher ' s meat : it is donbled in the provinces and in , Paris . The corn being lodged and rotted , bread has risen in price 25 per cent , within the week ; lastly , the vines having been frozen , there will be no wine . Already there was no living in Paris in consequence of the artificial enhancement of tho cost of all things , and the exorbitant rents demanded by house proprietors : liow will it be a month or two hence ? The Government is appalled . It has sent commissioners into the
several departments to inquire into the actual state of things . The commissioners will make their reports , but they will not remake tho crops that have been destroyed . Bonaparte and Porsigny hold daily consultations on this subject . What is to bo done ? How are the peasants to live ? If all their scanty earnings ore consumed in tho purchase of broad , how aro they to pay taxes ? Bonaparte finds himself with a commercial crisis , nn agricultural crisis , and a political crisis , all on his hands together . Ho knows that in France fnmino has always been tho precursor of revolutions . Thcro was a fnmine in 1789 ; tho movement of tho 6 th
and 6 th of October was the consequence . There was a famine in 1829 , caused by tho groat rains of 1828 ; the result was seen in 1830 . Tho grout drought of 184 . fi produced a famine in 1847 , which was followed by the revolution of February 1848 . Bonapnrto knows nil thiH , and is kept iir a state of extreme difiquietude by tho ominous symptoms of tho horizon . The Stock Exchange , too , has felt their depressing Influence . On tho disastrous prospocts of tho harvest becoming known , a midden fall took place at once in tho midst of a riding market , and tho quotations lmvo Again declined without the intervention of any political news Bonaparte Sr very seriously pondering , with Pewiffny , tho question whether it is not timo to tack ship-to other word * , to chongo his course of policy . Some recent iiicts have given an inkling of ft tondancy that way .
For instance , Peraigriy sent the other day for all the responsible editors of newspapers ; they had interviews with him singly , one after the other , and he promised them to enlarge the bounds of political discussion , and to relieve them from all petty annoyances in matters of detail . He told them that in the beginning of its establishment , the Imperial Governments had . been obliged to restrict the press in order to , quell all resistance ; but that now as we had entered upon a settled state of things , and as the Government was aware that the press was a necessary organ in modern society , it was resolved to restore it a little freedom of action . M . de
Girardin , the editor of La Presse , who was sent for like the rest , replied to M . de Persigny , " That what was now wanted was not the freedom of the press ; that to make amends for the want of that freedom , human ingenuity bad contrived perfectly sufficient substitutes in news communicated from hand to hand and from mouth to ear ( les nouvelles a la main et les nouvelles < k roreille ); that everything the Government wished not to be known , was known , said , and repeated by thousands of mouths , propagated by public malignity , and envenomed by the angry feelings of all ; that , consequently , since the restricted press had found a
substitute which could not be restricted , he was , for his own part , quite content with that state of things ; that he neither feared the imposition of new restraints on the press nor craved an extension of its liberty ; but that there was another liberty , of the want of which , the late promiscuous arrests had made the public keenly sensible ; he meant , he said , that personal liberty which was guaranteed to all in theory , and accorded to no one in practice . This was a real evil , an evil which caused universal uneasiness , and which was not of a naturei
to win affectionate adherents to the existingGovernment / ' It was after this conversation that Persigny came to the determination , of which everybody is now talking , to put an end to the practice of preventive arrests , and to limit personal detention to cases of actual crime . It is proposed to generalize the English system of bail which has been inscribed since ' 89 in the text of the French law ,, but which , in eonsequence of the personal feelings of the judges , has never been applied .
It is high time , indeed , that an end should be put to that course of arbitrary arrests which has sent more than three thousand persons to prison within a month , without the Government having been able , it is said , to discover the slightest trace of a plot or of any chief of a conspiracy . So , after eight or ten days of preventive detention , the police are obliged to discharge the unfortunate workmen or the honest traders they had arbitrarily arrested . After all , there still remain 250 prisoners at Mazas ; they belong- to all parties . As espionage is widely spread , and the least word dropped in the hearing of an agent of police is enough to send a man to jail , it is probable that the crime of these 250 persons will have been an expression of their detestation for Bonaparte or his Government .
By the same rule all France should be imprisoned . The blunders of the police , moreover , are of daily occurrence . A gentleman said aloud on the Boulevards to a friend , " He ' s a brigand ! a thief ! an assassin ! " A policeman was down upon him in a moment : " Sir , you are speaking of the Emperor ; I arrest you ! " Here is another sample of police doings : —People in the provinces aro much occupied with the phenomenon of turning tables , and what is more , of tables that answer questions put to them , M . Louis Pnjot , one of the amnestied , having asked a table would Bonaparte fnll soon , tho table took to thumping tho floor furiously with its loot by way of replying-, " Yes ! yes ! yes ! " M . Louis Pujot has boon arrested ; the table ought also to have been arrested as his accomplice .
Bonaparte ia still at St . Cloud , and his ministers go there every day to hold a council , at which ho presides . St . Amand alone is absent , being engaged in inspecting all the camps and garrisons in France . Napoleon Jerome has at last made up his mind to servo an apprenticeship to his now trade of generalship . You know that Boniiparto has made him u general , and what is more , has given him tho command of tho troops in the camp at St . Ooicr . The reception of this third-rate ambitiauoc has beon an annoying one for him . Bonaparfco has forbidden tho utterance of any othor cries
than Vive V ' lhnpireur I Instead ) therefore , of tho cries of Vive Napoleon / on which ho reckoned , Jerome wna hailed with Vive I'Mmpireiir } Ho bit Iuh lip , 1 nm told , at hearing that cry , which rovealed to him a plot organized against himself . You know that his hopoa , in going to toko command of the troops at St . Omer , were to make for himself a party in tho army , and to ofloct a , now 2 nd of December against Bonaparto . Ho has long been secretly at work , and ho thought himself on tho point of succeeding , when tho reception at St . Omer revealed to hini tho fact that Bonaparte had hia eyo on him .
At Satory there are every day grand reviews and grand manoeuvres ., Every time Bonaparte goes there he gains fresh battles ; decidedly he is a hero , the immortal hero of Satory ! It is said , however , that his glorious campaign will soon be over , nnd' that' he will take his departure about the 15 th or 20 th of July , lo escort his wife to the waters of the Pyrenees . * •" I now come to the news from the East , which has engrossed public attention this week . The grand news is the disgrace of Admiral Lasusse . On hearing that the French fleet had not entered Besika Bay until twenty-four hours after that of England , Bonaparte was in a towering passion , and immediately' put Admiral Lasusse on half-pay . Vice-Admiral Hamelm succeeds him in the command of the fleet . This act of severity will impress commanding officers , both of the army and navy , with a salutary terror . In a military point of view the act is just ; if the presence of the two fleets had been necessary the day the English fleet arrived at Besika , it is clear that the delay of the French fleet would have paralyzed the movements of the former , and might have done serious mischief . If we consider the act with a view to future events , we must see that it will force naval officers to display extraordinary activity , and make them ready to have recourse to hostilities on the very first occasion . The state of things in Paris with regard to the Turkish question is at the present moment this : The son of Prince Woronzoff arrived on Monday with important despatches from St . Petersburg for M . de Kisselef . According to what has transpired of their tenour , the Emperor Nicholas is firmly resolved not to give way , but to maintain his ultimatum in spite ofFrance and England ! He reckons upon always having it in his power to occasion a dispute between these two Powers , so as to hinder them from acting in concert with respect to the pending question . The enthusiasm of the Russians exceeds all bounds . True , there are at the Russian Court some statesmen—Nesselrode among others—who are for peace , but the great majority of the courtiers are for war . Nesselrode wished to submit certain considerations to the Emperor , but the latter rudely cut him short , saying it was all quite useless . If we take all this into account , and along with it the text of M . de Nesselrode ' s note to Turkey , wherein it is said very distinctly that in a few weeks the Russian troops will cross the frontier to obtain material guarantees 1 until Russia shall have obtained moral guarantees , that is to say the full and entire concession of all its demands ; wherein it is also said that the maintenance of peace depends on the promptitude with which Turkey shall yield—if we connect all these facts with this other no less weighty one , the orders addressed to Prince Ghika at Jassy to prepare quarters and provisions for the Russian army of occupation , there can remain no doubt ns to the intentions of Russia . It is just now rumoured that the French Government has received a despatch in cypher , announcing the passage of the Pruth by the Russian army at Skou- > liani , on the 19 th of June . It is also rumoured that Rothschild ' s house has received another dopatch , announcing that tho English and French Fleets have received an order from tho Sultan to pass the Dardanelles . Tho possibilities are these . We know that the Sultan ' s reply to Russia was couched in very jireciso terms ; we know that it positively made a casus belli of the occupation of tho Dannbian provinces ; and that it declared , that if the Russians passed the frontier , tho Sultan would appeal for aid to the four Powers that signed the treaties of 1841 , and in particular to tho English and French Fleets , and that he would himself repel force by force . If it is true that the Russians crossed tho Pruth on the 19 th , Turkey having given notice that she would regard that step as a declaration of war , it is probablo that immediately on receipt of the news—that is to say , on the 21 st at latest , orders were sent to tho two fleets to pass tho Dardanelles and enter the Black Sea . And as they are summoned to reply to an Aggression by a counter aggression , it is not improbable that they have been occupied since tho 20 th in bombarding Odessa and Sobastopol . If tho news is true , wo shall seo tho ocean fleet clear out of Brest , and Admiral Corry'a from Spithcad to enter tho Baltic and bombard Crountadt ; and , if possible , St . Petersburg . " If tho two fleets tak o that course , it will bo . a confirmation of this last news ; if thoydo not , then tho news is false this time , as it hns so often boon before . S .
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CONTINENTAL NOTES . Owjc would almost think that continental lifo was Bitddonly blotted out since this great Turco-RuBBian disputo ; Boeing that our title becomes to some extent a misnomer in con-Hoquonco of the dearth of uows from anywhere but Con * flfcantinoplo , on . any subject except that Eastern question . And oven on this , about which bo much ink in ehod and in winch *> vast an intereat is taken , wo have little ' news that tokos tho ohapo of fact , Eumoura there wo by the
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... ;¦ ; . # * % * & . ¦! % & ] .- ; . the leader . 629
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Leader (1850-1860), July 2, 1853, page 629, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse2.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1993/page/5/
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