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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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HEALTH OF LONDON DURING THE WEEK The number of deaths registered in the metropolitan disstricts in the week that ended last Saturday was lliw . The advance which it shows on previous returns , arises trom coroners' cases , many of which were not ^ ul y registered till the end of the quarter , though the deaths occurred and the inquests were held at dates ^ ntecedent to last weefc ^ In the ten corresponding- weeks of the years 1843-5 . 3 tne averaee number of deaths was 922 , which , if raised in proportion to increase of population during these years and Sp to the present time , becomes 1014 . The actual mortality of last week , therefore , exhibits an excess , on the estimated amount , of 89 . ¦ . . ¦• - ¦ , ' ¦ u Last week the births of 856 boys and 855 __ girls , in all
1711 children , were registered in London . The average number in eight corresponding weeks of the years 1845-5-5 was 1338 . .. . ,, , . , . At the Royal Observatory , Greenwich , the mean height of the barometer in the week was 29-578 in . The reading of the barometer decreased from 29-58 in . at the beginning of the week to 29-50 in . by 9 h . p . m . on the 26 th ; remained at this reading nearly till 9 h . p . m . on the 27 th ; increased to 29-56 in . by 9 h . a . m . on the 28 th ; decreased to 29 ' 48 in . by 9 h . p . m . on the same day ; increased to 29-64 in . by 9 h . p . m . on the 29 th ; decreased to 29-56 in . by 3 h . p . m . on the 30 th ; and increased to 30-02 in . by the end of the week . which
The mean temperature of the week was 59-1 degs ., is 2-4 degs . lower than the average of corresponding weeks in 38 years . The mean daily temperature was below the average on every day of the week , except Tuesday , when it was 2-4 degs . above it . On Friday and Saturday the depression amounted to about 6 degs . The 7 dg 7 iest temperatures occurred on Wednesday and Thursday , and were about 70-5 degs . ; the lowest occurred on Friday and Saturday , and were about 48-5 degs . The greatest difference between the dew point temperature and air temperature occurred on Thursday , and was 16-1 degs . ; the least on Sunday , and was 1-4 degs . ; the mean difference of the week was 8-2 degs . The wind blew from the south-west .
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BIRTHS , MARRIAGES , AND DEATHS . BIRTHS . On the ] 6 th of June , at Vienna , the wife of Frederick Hamilton , Esq ., First Attache" to her Majesty ' s Legation at that Court : a daughter . On the 29 th , at Devonshire-iplace , Madame de Zulueta : a son . On the 30 th , at her residence , Rutland-square , Dublin , the wife of Edmund Burke Koche , Esq ., M . P .: a son . On the 30 th , atMilliken , Renfrewshire , Lady Milliken Napier : a daughter . On the 2 nd of July , at Candie , in the Island of Guernsey , the ¦ wife of Peter Stafford Carey , Esq ., the Bailiff of Guernsey : a daughter . On the 5 th , atWestbourne-plaee , the wife of Captain Kinloch , Grenadier Guards : a daughter . MARRIAGES . On the 30 th of April at the Cathedral , Madras , Louis Forbes , Esq . * of the H . E . I . C . Civil Service , to Emma Frances , eldest daughter of Major Henry Colbeck , Police Magistrate at the Presidency . On the 23 rd of June , at St . Peter ' s , " Woodmanaterne , the Eev . Francis It . Crowthor , M . A ., Head Master of tlio Diocesan School , Lincoln , to Anna Louisa , second daughter of the late Joseph Francis Bessy , Esq ., of her Majesty ' s Exchequer . Cn the 2 Sth , at Milan , D . P . "Watts Russell , Esq ., third son of J . Watts Eussoll , Esq ., of Islam-hall , Staffordshire , to Charlotte , youngest daughter of the late Charles Nevill , Esq ., and Lady Georgiana Ifovill , of Nevill Holt , Northamptonshire . On the 29 th , at the British Legation at the Hague , Robert Frasor Turing , Esq ., oldest son of Sir James Henry Turing , Bart ., H . B . M . Consul at Rotterdam , to Catherine Goorgiana , second daughter of Walter S . Davidson , Esq ., of St . Jamos ' a-Btreet , and Lowndes-aquaro , London .
On the 30 th , at Windlesham , Surrey , the Rov . "William Stanford Grignon , principal of the Collegiate School , ShHIicld , third boh of the late William Stanford Grignon , Esq ., of Upton-hill and BarneysidO j Jamaica , and nephew of the late Lord Abingor , to Adelaide Wilholmina Sophia , younger daughter of the late Lieutenant-Colonel Sir Edmund Curry , of llrlwood , Bagahot , and granddaughter of l . he late Lord Abingor . On tho 30 th , » t Hfc . Georg ' o ' s , Hanover-square , Captain George I ) . Warburton , Royal Artillery , -to tho Hon . Augusta E . B . Hftnbury . On tho 30 Lh , at St . Peter ' s Church , Pimlico , How Dalrymplo
Fansliawo , Esq ., Captain Twelfth Regiment , son of Major-Goneral Fanslmwo , C . B ., to Barbara , youngest daughter of General Sir Thomas Bradford , G . C . B . and G . C . H . On tho 4 th of July , at St . George ' s , Hanover-square , Lord "Edward Tliynno , to Cecilia Anno Mary , onl y daughter of tho luto Charles Arthur Gore , Esq ., of tho First Life Guards . On tho 5 th , at St . Michael ' s Church , Norwich , tho Jlov . John William Clarke , A . M ., rector of Cattistock , DorsotHhiro , son of tho lato Sir William Clurko , Bart ., to Elizabeth Francos , Hwionc j surviving daughter of Edward Smyth , Esq ., of Norwioh , and of Hurdsfleld , Maoclenllold .
On tho 7 th , nt Walcot Church , Bath , tho Rov . Frederick Howdon , A . M ., of Dunkorton Rectory , Somerset , to Martha , only daughter of Admiral Saunmroz , 3 C . L ., of tho Circus , Bath , unil Furn-dowji , Dorset .
DEATHS . On tho 20 th of March , at Donabow , in Burmah , of wounds roooivod in notion on tho 10 th , Captain William Potor Oookburn , Eight < ioutli ( Jtoyal Irish , ) Regiment . On thi < 23 rd of April , at Singapore , of fovor , Lieutenant Guy Colin Campbell , of H . M . whip Jiittttrn , non of tho Into Sir Guy Campbell , aged twonty-niiio . On tho 20 tli of Juno , at T ' ortnmouMi , liVank II . Lambert . Lioutonant on board H . M ' . H . JCdinbitri / h , and oldend son of Frank J . 1 ' jiimbort , limy , of . No . 11 , Upper Uarloy-Hlront , who was unfortunately lost by tho upsoMiug of a wherry , ivh Jio was roturniiig Lo tho iiliip . On tho 28 th , at Qoaford-houso , East Lothian , tho Earl of WcimysH and March . Oh tho 'ZHlh , at Bonn , Marjorio , Roonnrt daughter of tho Into Hon . William Jfriuwrof Haltounaged thirty-ono .
, , ifr i ! ' " ° * ' '' ' y > " •'' Hlianolco ' H-houso , near Dovonport , Kli / . aWh . Kiuinii King , aged thirty-thruc , daughter of Admiral H » r uawnnl UuniforcfKiiV n ""™ i lr < l » > ti Tunbridgo-wollH , Enl . hor Charlotte , wifo of nn ltLrJh . ;^ r l , Hta i ) 3 rll ; ou ' JOh ( 1 " Norfollwitreot , Park-hmo , nna u . t « Khtwof Mr . ftorjnaut Goulburn , agod twonty-four . mother J ^ Uw ^ i'V ^^ e ^^ -phuw the , iwldonco of his
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THE RIGHT OF WORKMEN TO COMBINE CEDED BY PARLIAMENT . " Thank God we have a House of Lords , " exclaimed a model politician , rich in . ejaculations . Whether the -workmen of England willliave occasion to respect this interjectional testimony , will be seen in such readiness as their Lordships may display in confirming the " Combination of Workmen's Bill , " at length passed by the
Commons . Before this " Combination of Workmen Bill " was passed , by the Commons , no English artisan was able to concert with his fellows , however peaceably , for the purpose of altering the rate of his wages , or the hours of his labour . Mr . ^ Justice Erie held that men who were in work were guilty of conspiracy , and liable to imprisonment , Bhould they collectively deliberate on what terms they should sell their labour at . Verily capital haa had no conscience in our land . Certain words ,
" Obstruction" and " Molestation , " to wit , had no definition in 6 Geo . IV ., and judges ruled , that to reasonably induce or peaceably persuade others to abstain from work , was an indictable offence ! Thanks to the efforts of Messrs . Duncombe and Drummond , the Commons have set this infamous judgment at rest . We will quote the new bill entire . Its brief and valuable words place the English workman in a new and just position , as respects his equal right to combine .
The avowed purpose of the act is to amend and explain the act of the sixth year of George IV ., " to repeal tho Laws relating to tho Combination of Workmen , and to make other Provisions in lieu thereof . " " Whereas , " snys the new bill , 16 th Victoria , " an act was passed in tho sixth year of tho reign of King George IV ,, cntituled ' An Act to repeal the Laws relating to the Combination , and to make other
Provisions in lieu thereof ; ' and whereas doubts have arisen as to tho construction of the said act . Bo it therefore enacted , by tho Queen ' s most excellent Majesty , by and with tho advice and consent of tho Lords , spiritual and temporal , and Commons , in this present Parliament assembled , and by the authority of tho same , and it is hereby declared , that masters , employers , workmen , or other persons , who shall enter into any combination to advance or to lower , or to fix tho rate of their wages , or to lesson or alter tho hours , or duration , of tho time
of thoir working , or workmen who shall , by peaceable persuasion , and without any intimidation of any kind whatsoever , endeavour to induce others to abstain from work , in order to obtain tho rates of wages , or tho altered hours of labour , so fixed or agreed upon , or to bo agreed upon , shall not be deemed or taken to be guilty of ' molestation' or ' obstruction , ' within the meaning of the said act , and rihall not , therefore , be subject or liable to any indictment or prosecution for conspiracy . Provided , always , that nothing heroin contained shall authorize any attempt to induce any workman to break or depart from any contract or engagement . "
The torma " molestation and " obstruction , before this bill restricted their meaning to intimidation , placod tho workman as much at tho mercy of his employers , as those pooplo who aro whipped atdi 3 crotion in tho courfc-housos of Now
Orleans , and whose sympathies , of Europe . The master might combine , but not the men . It was lawful for the employer jbo concert to dismiss his servants , bufc it was not lawful for his servants to concert to dismiss themselves . And from this degrading subjection the English artisan is not yet well escaped , until the House of Lords confirm the bill above quoted . When that is done , workmen may induce and persuade , on the same condition as their employer , — there will then be " fair play" between " them , and , in this respect , there will be Free-trade in combination as well as
cot-] N " ot less notable than the bill is the history of its procuration . The working class owe it to the judicious exertions of the United Trades' Association , formerly under Mr . Duncombe ' s Presidency , and now under that of Mr . G . A . Fleming . The exigencies to which such a bill has been exposed in the House of Commons , so unworthily jealous of the freedom of the people , the reader caniudffe . Onlv verv patient and well-informed
men could have undertaken and conducted through Parliament such a bill as this , authorizing the peaceable . combination of workmen . It is equal to an industrial revolution . Men who know how to fight their battles in the lobbies of the House of Commons , are able to win the rights of labour . The United Trades' Association , with its practical officers , ¦ " ¦ deserve well of their country , " in a better sense than usual .
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NELSON'S GHOST . Jtjst now , while we are preparing to meet possible foes by land and water , if Nelson's Ghost were to appear amongst us , would he not be welcomed ? "Assuredly he would be preferred for the command of the Channel fleet even to Lord John . Russell . ; But what would be the first thing that would strike his ey e P It would be an advertisement in the papers , declaring , that to this day , the daughter whom he left as a legacy to his country , is unprovided for ; that even now , having reached the maturity of life , and " -struggled with difficulties , she is still a creditor of the country he served so faithfully ! Her claim , indeed , has been recognised by the gift of a paltry place to one of her sons—a bare provision for the young man . It is a recognition enough to stamp the obligation of the state with the royal admission , but not to fulfil it .
Would Nelson on that account refuse to take the command even at the risk of dying over again P ^ Assuredly not . He would repeat his simple and immortal precept , " England expects every man to do his duty , " even though England has shown so disgracefully how little she can understand her own duty .
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CHURCH SCANDALS : SIMONY . After all , Simon Magus was a great man , and deserved a kind of lay canonization . He made a good commercial estimate of the clerical function , and anti cipated the famous maxim—to buy in the cheapest , and sell in the dearest market . What a city man he would have made ! And if ho did got robukod by greater men than ho—if tho despised and rejected of society did read him a lesson—it only shows how much ho was in
advance of his ago ; for had ho lived now , he would have been the orthodox apostlo , and they the dissenters . If ho had only been born on this side tho Reformation , ho would have had law on his side , and might perhaps have become an archbishop , and have lived at Lambeth ; or a lay impropriator , auctioneer of a score of livings , member of ono of our Houses , and defender , not of tho faith , but of tho rights of property .
It ih astonishing to tho ingenuous mind how soon custom covers conscience with a scaly rind , more diih ' cult to piorco than that of tho rhinoceros ; how uso ~ really becomes second nature , and tradition usurps and holds tho placo of boliof . " .. That is why , at times , it is nocossary to n ' y groat tests to tho sincerity of num . When custom and expediency become practically tho doitios of a nation ' s worship , first princi p les aro tho salt which koops it sweet . In religion this is ospocially true ; for whoro honesty is not , thoro corruption is ; no mattor whether it bo wilful corruption or tho result of n blind obedionco to traditionary selfishness .
Take ono of tho groat church scandals of tho day—simony . Sec what comos of an established church , inextricably bound up with tho State , aud virtually officered by tho nominees of lay-
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TO READERS AND CORRESPONDENTS . It is impossible to acknowledge the mass of letters we receive . Their insertion is often delayed , owing to a press of matter ; and when omitted , ifris frequently from reasons quite independent of the merits of the communication . ' .. _ NO notice can be taken of anonymous communications . Whatever is intended for insertion must be authenticated by the name and address of the writer ; not necessarily for publication , but as a guarantee of his good faith . We cannot undertake to return rejected communications . All letters for the Editor should be addressed to 7 , Wellingtonstreet , Strand , Xondon . Communications should always be legibly written , and on one side of the paper only . If long , it increases the difficulty ot finding space for them . .
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[ condition has excited the aan THE LEADER . Saturday , ' OOlJ ' ¦¦ ' ; ¦ : ¦ ¦ ¦ . ¦ . . ¦ _ "¦ ¦ ' ¦'¦ _____ - ' ==
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. ¦ T ¦ SATTTBDAY , JULY 9 , 1853 . iiit
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There is nothing so revolutionary ; , because there is nothing so -unnatural and convulsive , as the strain to keep things fixed when all the world is by the very law of its creation in eternal progress . — De . Abnoib .
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Leader (1850-1860), July 9, 1853, page 660, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse2.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1994/page/12/
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