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jreon , testified that he had " frequently" excused prisoners from crank-work . " ( Edema was a frequent cause of his excusing them . " That disease is produced by " thinness of blood , over work , and low diet . " The Department of Practical Art have closed its rooms in Somerset House . It thus gives up the task of direct teaching , and will confine itself , in future , to the training of masters , and to instruction in the- higher brandies of design . Courses of tuition , lectures , and access to the museum , arc the means employed . For the masters already trained , sufficient provincial employment has been found , and in no case has the guaranteed salary of 701 . for the first year been required . The many elementary schools instituted have supported themselves , even in towns of no great wealth : such as Chester , Hereford , Swansea , Limerick , Waterford , and even the Welsh village of Llanelly ,
The annual meeting of the senate of the Queen ' s University in Ireland , was held on Monday , at Dublin Castle , for the purpose of conferring degrees and honours . The Lord-Lieutenant was present . The Lord Chancellor presided as Vice-Chancellor of the University , in the absence of the Earl of Clarendon , who holds the rank of Chancellor . The Maynooth Commission has been taking evidence during the week . The evidence is given in written statements , and oral explanations are added , if necessary . *( iThc proposed Edinburgh banquet to Lord Palmerston has been put off " for the present . " A new iron yacht is to be built for the use of the Queen , the present Victoria and Albert not being commodious enough .
The local corruption is still remembered in Barnstaple , and the dissenting preachers of the town have taken an odd way to keep the people in mind of it . In several chapels they have appointed special religious services for humiliation , prayer , and exhortation , in reference to the recentlymanifested corruptions in the borough . " Meetings for prayer were accordingly held , " and addresses delivered on moral purity . The expected contest at Lisburn election is set aside . Mr . Birney has retired , and Mr . Jonathan Joseph llichardson , the Liberal candidate , has been returned . In the West Kent registration division the Liberals have gained 603 .
It is worthy of political note that the freeholders of forty shilling a year tenements , bought from the freehold land societies , have been admitted to the Middlesex electoral list , only on showing that they ¦ were under no mort-¦ gnga to the society . It has been . also held as doubtful ¦ whether a tenement bought for 25 ? . is worth forty shillings ji vi . 'ar .
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The " r-v ; ro ^ imonks ordered Mediterranean" from Dublin , go to replace rrghnents at Gibraltar and Malta drafted to the \ Ve ; -: t Indies . A small Prussian squadron passed Dover , on Thursday . It consisted of a frigate , an cightcon-gun ship , a brig , and a fourth vessel . They sailed westward . The South Devon militia has happily distinguished itself by a . union , on p : v / ac ! e , with "the llghMng fiftieth . " The men Mere drilled oil Uusbrsrough-dowri , near Plymouth . After the inanoeuviv :-, fcMr Harry Smith thanked ' all the militia , nrtillerv , mi'l infantrv , for their f . tendine . ss ami
acquirements , saying , " Now I have seen whntl always foretold , and will say to the Secretary of State , th . a ! the ' Militia of England is a body to be depended upon , at any emergency . " It is most praiseworthy to all members of these corps to have been able , after so short a drill , to take their stand by the side of tried troops ; and Uie alacrity n . nd steadiness under arms was very surprising (<> all oilicem who witnessed their operations . The '' South Devon , " marched into town with ranks as compact as if their drill had been for an hour on the Hoc ; the oOlh Itegimcnt followed , with their splendid band ; und the other troops deliled to Devonport . I
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Jullien lias become a kind of idol in New York . One evening ho . struck up " Y . inkco Doodle , " as if Kuddenly inspired , and threw the crowd in Castle-yarden . s into an added oxtasy by concluding with "Hail Columbia . " But Inn "unwearied spirit in doing ooiirfccsiun" lias been . shown in more solid form . JIo organized a concert on behalf of the Kuflering Huivivor . s of tho New Orleans dead , and tlio proccedK have been handed over to the authorities Jullien completing the benefaction by giving in a receipted note of tho whole expen . suH , ua Wm own addition to the l / JOO < lollarn realized .
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Tho Lord-LiViiicimnl . and his countess have returned ( o Dublin from the west . A ratlicr whimsical rirruinslanre occurred on their journey home . An address from tho Town CoinmiHfiioncivi of Allilono wati to have 1 ><>( mi ]> renenlod to Hie liord-Fiicutfniint . in passing through IJml ( own , and a , depulalioii was in waiting at , tho vnilway-sla-( ion for Mitt purpose ) of presenting it ; but In their Vreal , amazement , the Hjx'cial I rain conveying his Kxci-Ilrnry A \ liirled by them nt full uperd , and with mingled locling ' s of disappointment , nnd olfendeil dignity , they returned ( o Ilieir counril-rooin . In i \ . fitw hmmi after , liinvcver , a Idler from his Kxn-llciM'yVi private secretary arrived , informing I hem Ilial , noiiio rnihvny officer was to iilame , unit thai , Ui <> l / ord-liiculcnanl , wa . s , in tact , as much disappointed as I hey were on liuding that , tho ( rain passed willumf , Mtopji ' ing . The ex ])! aim . lion wan , of course , < juii . o sal i . sfacloi'v .
The Karl of Onulow has jn-oscntcd Mr . Alorris Mmirn Avitb . t . hc sum of 100 guineas , as a mark of tho wuso he cnterlains of tlio serviccM rendered by Mr . Mooco (<> Iho public and to art by his exposure of tlui proceedings a , ! , Mm Nnlionnl < mllery . The At'go ( one ol '( ! ic ( ine ( leet of the ( Jeneral NrrowiSteam S ! ii |) Cotnpi » . ny ) hiuniindrl \ w voyage from Kntflnm I to Sydney in seventy dayn . Thin , allowing for the seven < lnys spent in discharging her ( -nrgo , n . l , MU'llboiiriio , malu'ii lier run to thai , port , but sixty-fhrco days ! The vessel wim also detained al , St . Vincent , bysovcrn gales , which prevented her coaling for livi ) diiyo . Tho Australian ma . il , dcHimtchcd
from home by the overland mail of the 4 th of May , had not reached Sydney by the 20 th of July , while the Argo , which sailed four days later , ( on the 8 th Julv , ) had landed her cargo on the 18 th of July . It is not unlikely that our next Australian news will come by the Argo , as the mail now due in London , from Singapore , and to be delivered to-day , missed the Australian mail ship , and so brhigs no Australian letters-. ¦" . ; . The fleet of the West India Royal Mail Packet Company numbers twenty-one vessels , of over thirty-four thousand tons . It has just declared a dividend of 21 . per share for
the first half of the present year . Wv Tho Golden Age—a new American ship , of great size— - has arrived in Liverpool . It has peculiar boilers , each forty feet in length , and with funnels at each end . The vessel is intended to ply between Panama and Australia . The Boomerang screw was tried in comparison with the common screw , at Portsmouth , on / Wednesday , and it was found that the common screw of the same pitch and extent , its action is much less than that of the Boomerang . Thus there appears to be an advantage in the oblique blade and leverage of the Boomerang .
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Satukday , October 15 . The Peace gentlemen have concluded their conference . Mr . Cobden made another speech , on Thursday . He showed how large war ships built by one nation necessitated large ships by its rival , and so the Duke of Wellington , with all its bulk , was not a ' ' guarantee for peace . " He denied our right to execute God ' s vengeance on the Emperor of Russia : we do not come into the high court of judicature with clean hands , they are reeking with the blood of tho Burmese . Russia , with all its faults , is more progressive and industrious than Turkey . But Russia had not advanced so as to
frighten Europe . Within the last fifty years England had advanced five times , and America ten times , more than Russia . The present restrictive tariff of Russia has been attacked , but our own tariff , seven years ago , was worse . Mr . Cobderi then quoted statistics to show what little commerce was earned on by the Turks , and how the Greeks , in contrast , have made great progress . With many striking illustrations of the power that arises from extended industry and not from warlike resources , Mr . Cobden concluded an interesting speech by declaring that the party " wanted in tln 3 country" is the Peace party .
The proceedings were diversified by the appearance of Admiral Sir Charles Napier as a speaker . He made a . clever and common-sense . speech , using the usual arguments , and some new facts in support of armaments for the preservation of peace . Mr . Bright . answered the Admiral . He asserted that tht i-i ' rench are not brigands or banditti , and heartily abused the decrepit , moribund Government at Con stantin ople . The resolutions were finally passed . In the evening a conversazione was held in the Music Hall .
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Free Trade is advancing step by step in Franco . Foreign vessels are now allowed the same privileges as French vessels in the importation of grain , rice , and vegetables .
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Austria has made two publications — apparently peaceful . It " annqunccs" a reduction of its army . ( We explained before that this " reduction" is , in fact , a removal of troops from Italy to the Eastern , or " military" frontier of the Empire . ) The official Ciuziita also asserts that Austria will be " neutral" in the Eastern quarrel , and il still hopes to make peace . Tin ; Evangelical Congress recently assembled at Berlin , has ju « t enunciated , among other principles , tho following :-- "The Church recognised by the Htato ought to have neither the will nor the power to restrain tlio . se of its members who prefer to separate from her and to join particular fleets . The only arm they oiu / Iit . to employ again fit disttantcrtt ix 2 > e ) 'xua , Hion . "
i . he latest news from Australia reaches us v / 'd Panama . Tho Sydney datas are to the 19 th of July . (• 'oods were Klill forced on the market , but more because storage was scarce than that , the general nupply wan in excess . Tho gold mining was dull , owing to unfavourable weather .
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I'ho Queen arrived at Windsor yesterday . Sho lunched at Preston , on her way from Scotland . Mr . Charles Baring Wall , M . P . for Salisbury , died on Thursday morning , in politics lie was a Poulite .
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I ho breach between the , Preston operative ,:- ! and their lato inastci'H widens every day . Six more mills closed on Thursday ; others were to have closed yesterday , and in a few days nearly all the factories hi the once busy town of 'Preston will be at rest . The clergy of the town have endeavoured to make up tho difference . The operatives met 1 , 1 mm in friondly consultation , but w <• . !•« ( inn and hopeful . The man torn rofiiHod to join the conference The latest , naml . ary report , from Newcantlo makes tho deaths avorago five each day . About , tho wtnm number dio daily in Cathead ' . Jn Stockton and TyiHimouth tlm cholera is checked . In JWlington , diarrhce-i , is very prevalent . There aro iio ronorfca from Liverpool .
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rare , as European war , it is difficult to estimate tlie amazing faculty of voluntary dulness , or of fanatical impudence , which , can sustain arguments like these . In some cases we ascribe it indeed to neither of these qualities , but to that obstinacy of habit which clings more to thought than to any other part of human nature . Mr . Bright , for example , has been brought up to wear a particular kind of clothing , and to entertain a set of opinions on the subject of physical arbitration which have been made to accompany the doctrinal
in trie last THE SYSTEM OF FORTY YEARS . Foira propositions are repeated this week with unflinching pertinacity , in the hope , vain we trust , of arresting the word and action of England in defence of public . justice . . They-are , that the Ottoman Empire is sinking past salvation ; that however Bussia and Austria may have behaved it is not worth while to sacrifice daily and hourly hetacombs for the punishment of the Czar and the House of Hapsburg ; that a new war would rekindle the revolutionary volcanoes of 1848 , and that this country would incur a ruinous
expendihat and coat collar . Mr . Bright has found little difficulty in ' modifying the coat and hat collar ; but to mqdify the thought appears to be far more difficult ; and hence we imagine , rather than from any moral obliquity or defect of understanding , the impossibility under which he seems to labour of seeing the fac fc 3 before his eyes . He considers it unwise to drive the Government of England into a war with Russia in defence of Turkey ; - that it would be as guilty , or more so , than it was to enter into a , conflict with the American colonies and France
formerly . Now the case is wholly different : the contest is not in behalf of Turkey , but in vindication of public law . If Turkey had committed a wrong , and had drawn upon herself the fate of lawlessness , when it is perpetrated by a weakly power in defiance of the strong , not a voico in this country would have been raised in her defence . But Turkey had done nothing of tho sort . In every previous aggression , Russia haa contrived to mask her aggressions under some show of pretext , 'or has at least secured the
complicity of other nations , our own included . IJiua . Russia was allowed to appropriate whole provinces in the East with which we sympathized but faintly ; to appropriate to herself , or to her Austrian accomplice , the lands and tho laws of the Poles and the Hungarians , with whom wo professed indeed to sympathize , if a clamorous enthusiasm at tho name of Lord Palmersfcon can bo considered sympathy . But now tho Czar has discarded all pretexts save those which aro more impudent from their transparency than shcor quarrel picking . Ho has invaded Turkish . sovereignty by tho simple exercise of will nnd force , l there is
impying in the face of Europe that no law on the Continent to restrain any state from taking all it will , and keeping all it can ; ho is pcr-Runried to aggression by tho impunity accorded , to his inecHHaufc outrages ; and tho question now is , whether tho public law thus violated shall bo sustained onco for all , or whether it shall be surrendered by tbo . se Powers who have tho strength to punish , and tho duty to resist . It is therefore not logicnlly honest to ' , represent . tho war , if war there is to bo , ixb one in ' defence of the Porto . J-t is more properly one in defence of all the states of Europe who aro threatened , and not remotely , with the fate of Poland and Hungary . If is m amende honourable to those nations whom our
diplomacy Jjhh botrnyod to the spoilers . it is admitted by the Times , ' that such a wni might bo popular ; " but we shn . ll hftvo , nay « that journal , " to pay the enormous bill of < : <>« ' » for tlio gigantic quarrel . " Now tho truth is , tliat wo aro losing by ' the present policy : lowing every
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994 THE LEADER . [ Sa * ubday
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There is nothing so revolutionary , "because tV . « -w > nothing so unnatural and convulsive as t £ * ll - to keep things fixed when all the worll ' isU tnlla ^ layouts creation in eternal progress-Pb ; AsyoTff
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SATURDAY , OCTOBER 15 , 1853 .
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Leader (1850-1860), Oct. 15, 1853, page 994, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse2.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct2008/page/10/
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