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and enlist the strongest motives to produce the highest excellence ; whilst , on the other , it would enable the Government to adopt the result as a national work without incurring the risks of a failure . A charter should be granted to a public company , conferring the privileges of carrying out the erection of the buildings , and the decoration of them ; the laying out the grounds with terraces , fountains , and sculpture , and the formation of certain coEections , including all that ought to be comprehended in a National Gallery df Painting , Sculpture , and other decorative Arts . As respects the few paintings already national property , the Governmentmight lend them , and agree to pay a fair rental for the space occupied , hy them . The Company should be the sole iudees of the scale of its expenditure
and the execution of the works . When the structures and collections were sufficiently complete to be opened to the public , the Government , in return for its assistance , should have the right to determine whether the public should be admitted gratuitously or by payment . If it were determined gratuitousl y , then the whole works would be purchased for the nation at a fair valuation , upon , principles previously settled . If the Government declined the purchase , then the public should be admitted on payment ,, so successfully tried at the Exhibition of 1851 , and the Company would undertake the future management ,
Government stiil reserving the right of purchase at the expiration of certain , periods of time . The Company mi g ht also contract to provide buildings for private institutions . Space in the buildings might also be provided to exhibit the existing Government collections of Sculpture , &c . under certain conditions ; but these at present form a small part of what systematic collections of Art and Science would become by the energies of private enterprise , which would create galleries as extensive as those of the Louvre , as systematic as those at Berlin , and as rich in illustrations of the decorative Arts as the Historical Collections in theZwinger and Green Vaults at Dresden . "
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BRITISH OPINION" ON THE EASTERN QUESTION . ME . BOT 7 VEEIE AT KILMAENOCK . As Member for the Kilmarnock Burghs Mr . Pleydell Bouverie made his appearance at Ealmarnock on Friday week .. His object was to give an account of his political conduct during- the past year ; but of course he went beyond a mere retrospective glance at the chief subjects of recent legislation , and touched on the Eastern question , and the probabilities of war . Here are his views . First he contended that our large armaments are necessary to our security ; and that the Peace party rather overlook the fact that security , above all things , is essential to trade and commerce . But war is coming . " Now , the war which is likely to take place is a war between Tui'key and Russia . I for one confess I like neither the Russians nor the Turks . Russia is a vast
country , with an enormous territory , with a great population scattered over it , governed by absolute despotism , and with an enormous army . For the last 150 years it has extended its empire in every direction , and it is one of the questions which the future will have to solve , how far and to what extent that great empire is to go on increasing ? [ Probably the time has now come for the solution of that question . I don't like Russia . I confess the conduct of that Power Las been , as far as I can judge , destructive of liberty , equity , and justice , and has been solely prompted by that which is said to be tho object of all princes— -the possession of more territory and people . None of us , I apprehend , aa citizens of a free country , can very much
admire a pure despotism . We don't know what a thing it is in this country . I may rolato to you a short anecdote which I was only reading lately in connexion with Russia , and which will show you thiH . There is a very strict ; cen-Borship of tho press in Russia , and it is ko strict ( hat the words freedom and liberty aro absolutely forbidden . Well , a loarnod scientific man , who was publishing a book containing , among other things , an account of a particular machine , sairi the parts were so connected that ; the y worked freely togethor . Tho censor struck out ' freely' irom tho book , saying ho could not possibly admit that word . ^ Laughter . ) That is an illustration of the totally difT ' orent tooling and spirit which exist ; there and in thin country ,
and , thorcforo , I say I have no sympathy with Russia . I cannot say I am fond of tho Turks either . In t , he first place , they conquered a great Christian country 4 iK ) yearn ago—for it is exactly 400 years since . Constantinople was taken from tho Greek empire . They are a barbarous , uncivilized , ignorant , and persecuting people , although our sympathy ia excited for thorn now buoauHo they have boon most unjustly treated . It in only thirty yearn since tho Greek revolution took place ; and when the Gvm' \< h UvhI , roao in insurrection against ; their sovereign , tho Sultan of Turkey , ho issued an edict ordering that every Chrini , iun in hit ) dominions should bo imw . sacrod . -And , whether ho issued it or not , within a fiiw weoks something like 40 , 000 Christians in tho Turkish dominions wero inusNiuTod in cold blood , and tho Patriarch of tho Greek Church was dragged in . ignominy boforo a Court and hung in / rout , ol \ of whatbarbarous
Ih ' h own churcli . Ah another proof ; a people thoy nro in thoir foolingH and practices , I may mention that , at tho time of Unit ; groat ' contest , thoro was a Greek gonornl dofonding tho ancient pass of Thormopylm •—a pass bnco defended by nnotlior Greek against an invading too . Mo wan taken before tho pasha , who asked him H'ho would enter tho TurkiHh nurviao . Ho replied , ' Never ;' And what do you think thoy did with him ? Why , thirty yearn ngo—a period in tho memory of many of those who aro now about jno—ho was ordered to bo impaled and roasted alivn boforo a hIow h ' ro : and so ho was . Now , I don't say thoHO things k > nxcito an odium ng-ainsi ; tho Turks , but I toll you thorn to show that , they am a barbarous savago ru «« , who have really nonoof ilio civilization and iinprovomonta which wo liave in thiH country , and who aro animated by paBsiona and footings which wo muafc moBfc
heartily detest ; and , therefore , I have no sympathy with the Turks . All we have to trouble ourselves with is our own best interests , and the interests of Europe . Wow , it is agreed on all hands that it is of absolute importance that the Russians should not get possession of Turkey . All the statesmen of this country are agreed upon that , and think that it would be in a great measure fatal . It is agreed also that the Turks are aggrieved in this case , and that the attack upon them is of a most unprovoked and unwarranted description . If my sympathies are to be given at all I must give them to the party unjustly treated . If I see a big man licking a little boy I don't stop to consider whether he is a bad boy or not , or whether his past mode of life has been evil . I see an act of injustice done towards him , and
I say to the man—' You are ill-treating that little fellow , you are very unjust , and you shan * t do it . ' ( Laughter and cheers . ) Well , that is very much what the two great Powers , France and England , have been saying to Russia , and we seem likely to be embarked in a war in consequence . It necessarily follows , if you interfere with a party , what argument have you to use with the stronger , except saying-, 'If you don't give up the attack I will compel you . ' My illustration of the little boy comes in here again , and I would say to the man , ' If you don't give up beating him why I will fight you myself , and see whether I cannot give you a licking . ' You have no other argument to use with the Eussians unless they submit to you as an arbitrator ,
but to say , ' You withdraw the aggression on the dominions of Turkey ; don't carry out the attack which you meditate , or , if you do , we shall be obliged to make you withdraw . ' Force between nations is the court of last resort , and nothing but force can be appealed to . Hence we have no alternative but to be plunged- ^ though Heaven forbid—in a European war . As I said , if that takes place—if there should be a general European war—nobody can tell the consequences , or what may take place throughout Europe . As I said , I hope to Heaven that every effort will be made , consistent with the best interests of Europe , to secure us against the dire calamities of war , and to promote the great blessings of peace . "
We take the report from the columns of the North British Daily Mail , and leave that journal responsible for the indications of popular feeling-.
METEOPOLIS . The inhabitants of Pimlieo met in great numbers on Tuesday , in the Lecture Hall of the Athenseum Literary Institute , and passed resolutions condemning alike the aggression of the Emperor of Russia and the policy of Lord Aberdeen . There was some opposition on the peace side , but in vain . The people of the Tower Hamlets held a meeting on Wednesday , Captain Mayne Reid in the chair . Captain Reid showed that both the Russian and Turkish armies are eating- up corn which would otherwise have found its way to England . The salient part of his speech was an attack on Lord Palmerston for betraying Hungary : —
" Some persons may ask , Are we to suspect our Cabinet Ministers of trifling with English honour P Suspect ! ay , more than suspect , and I draw my reasoning and my conclusion from the conduct of this same Ministry but five years ago , when Hungary was struggling for independence . ( Loud cheers . ) I dare boldly pronounce upon this platform—and I will not announce what I cannot prove—that in the struggle of Hungary the oligarchical Ministry of tliis country did as much to crush Hungary as the Hussion despot . Tho blue-books , doctored and mutilated as thoy are , prove that ; to he the ease . I can prove , from lord Palmerston ' s own despatches , that he had counselled Turkey to take no part in tho work of Hungary . I can show that tho Principalities wero used to organize tho
armies of the despots in their attacks upon Hungary . I can go further , and show that when tho representatives ot Kossuth and the Jf I ungarians at Constantinople obtained permission from Turkey to bring 200 , 000 muskets up tho Danube , they were prevented from going by English in-II ueneo . I will go further with respect to Lord Pahnwston , and say Unit he had no hand whatever in rescuing Kosauth and his bravo companions from tho fangs of Austria and RuHiiia ; that his despatch to tho Sultan did not reach Constantinople until two days after tho Sultan had given his answer to tho Czar ; and I can prove that ; tho demand for assistance in this country remained unanswered for thirteen days ; and that is tho man , some say , to savo our country . " ( Loud cheers . )
Mr . William Nowton , Mr . David Urquhart , Mr . Hovvell , and others , addroHsed tho meeting . Tho following resolutions were adopted : — " That tho invasion of tho . "Danubian Principalities by tho Emperor of Russia is a wanton and unjustifiahlo aggression on tho territories of Turkey , and a violation of international law , calculated to endanger tho interosl . H , and imperil tho liberties of Western Europe ; and that ; it in therefore ; tho duty of thin country to aflord effectual awuHf .-ftneo to enable Turkey to ropel thin aggression , and to abstain from diplomatic intorcoiuw ) with Russia until wil , infuetory reparation lias boon inado ;—Tlmfc tho conduct of Ministers has boon characterized by a want of energy , which
has mainly contributed to bring about tho preHcnt ensiri ; that tho pooplo ot ' thin country cannot havo any confirionco that tho foreigh relations will bo administered with that ( food Ikith and energy tho occasion demands , ho long as thoy are under tho uncontrolled guidance of tho present Cabinet ; and that tho potation now occupied by Russia could only havo boon brought about by tho collij-Hion of tho English ( iovorninont ;;—That it is timo the foreign nflnim of n . grout , nation liko England wm-o conducted straightforwardly and openly , and not through tho tortuous channels of necrot diplomacy ; and this mooting w of opinion that Parliament should bo immediately summoned , ho that tho roproHontntivou of tho nation may doeido on tho couvho which might ; to bo purnuwl . " TIioho opinions woro to bo embodied in au ttddress to tho Qucon .
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is reported to have had 15 , 000 copies of a pamphlet by Ledru Rollin , with him . ; they were all seized ' Even in the little town of Epernay , ten working men were arrested in the act of hawking this brochure There have been strange rumours of a conspiracy resembling the affair of the Opera Comique , which wds to have broken out at CompiSgne . Bonaparte was to have been shot out hunting : the authors of this plot are , it is said , arrested , and it is seriously proposed to convoke the High Court of Justice to try them . As
LETTERS FROM PARIS . ( Fbom oub Own Cobbespobtdestt . ) IiEIIEB XCVT . Paris , Thursday Evening , . 27 , 1863 . We are still in the thick of arrests .: it is worse tha ever , this bout , and it appears the arrest of Charles De lescluze has done all the mischief . More than 400 persons in Paris have been thrown into prison and ' the later batches of arrests there have been a consider ^ able number of working men . In the provinces too * the arrests have been on a large scale . At Tours ' about 40 ; at the Croix Rousse , the workmen ' s quarter at Lyons , some say , nearly 300 . Charles Delescluze
to the affair of the OpeYa Comique , the 7 th of next month is still fixed as the day for the trial before the Cour d'Assises . A thousand contradictory reports are afloat on this subject . Some pretend that the affair is very grave , and that the accused will be sentenced to death ; others assert that the prisoners have defended themselves strenuously , and that it has been found impossible to establish against them the slightest proof . It is again affirmed , that the conspirators were betrayed by one of themselves . As the trial is about to come off , we shall soon know the worst .
At this moment we are suffering a recrudescence of severity in a regime already severe enough , in all conscience ! The press , it may be conceived , has its full share of these blessings : during the last . three weeks the provincial press has received twenty-five " warnings . " Corn riots are still apprehended in some departments . The severest orders have been transmitted to the Prefects and to the commanding officers . In every garrison the soldiers carry sixty rounds of cartridge in their knapsacks , so as to be in a condition to march at a moment's notice . The prospects of the peasants are not pleasant : it is fair , perhaps , they should enjoy some of the sweets of the regime they founded : I don't pity them .
The scarcity , the financial crisis , and the alarms of war , have nearly paralyzed all business . Complaints are universal . Nothing is talked of but deputations to His Majesty . The trade of St . Quentin has opened the ball . It has sent the President of its Chamber of Commerce to Compiegne , to ask Bonaparte whether the- Eastern Question would soon be settled . Tho speaker added , that the fear of war paralyzed commercial operations , and that it was important to put an end to such a state of things as speedily aa possible . Brave fellows ! " muttons" worthy of Panurge . Bonaparte , you may imagine , contented himself with
uttering a few evasive words , and went out hunting again . Hunting and ffites in the forest of Compiegne have been " our" principal o « cupationa of late . Perhaps he is right : his timo may not last long ; he does well to g et what he can—on account . There have been all sorts of entertainments , dejeuners , ajud divertissements . Tho other day , the whole field was dressed in Louis XV . costume . Bonaparte , I suppose , was Louis XV ., and his wife the Marquise de Pompadour . It was on that day that the accidents occurred of which you haw seen accounts in the newspapers . The stag , hotly puraued , throw herself into a sort of hangar , and thoro
stood at bay . Bonaparte was on the point of firing at the poor animal , when Edgar Ney rushed forward , in his capacity of Grand Huntsman , to kil l the stag with a knife . But Edgar Ney was too nervous to kill —ho only Wounded the stag . The maddened beast dashed round , and struck tho horse of Madame Thayer . The horse reared up , and threw Madame Thayer just in front of a carriage going at full trot . The wheel passed over her thigh , and fractured it in three places . At tho same timo , M , de Niouwerkcrquo was wounded in tho arm , and another rider broke his leg . fwo days afterwards there was another hunt , as it nothing
had happened . . i This evening howh from tho East is expected . AUvicoH from Vienna apeak of hostilitieH commenced , wiu report that the Turku had taken possession ot Homt islands in the Danube after driving tho Jiuwnans out . It is alHo Htatod that a Russian fi eld-officer had Doe killed with a cpnnon-Hhot , through his obstinacy u taking rivor hounding * in npito of tho caution ot WJ « Pacha . On tho other hand , it in known « lfttl " , ItuBHian army at Bucharest had quitted that town Mi wan concontndvd oppoaito' to Routeeliouk . A " , , rumour has imclicduH , also through Vionna > rw » ^ watch the movements on tho rivor . However , * high timo that tho TurkH diould do flomoti \ n » 8 ^ themeolvos , for tho two Governments oi * raiM >»
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1036 THE LEADER . [ Saturday
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Leader (1850-1860), Oct. 29, 1853, page 1036, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse2.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct2010/page/4/
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