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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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The civilised Power promises to disarm , and advances new troops . The barbarian Power seeks to restrain , the popular impulse , and makes no preparations for war but such as the commonest prudence suggests . , The civilized Power pretends to negotiate , and spurns negotiations . . . The barbarian Power takes diplomacy seriously , and awaits with confidence the result of the negotiations . The civilized Power seizes the property belonging to the inhabitants of the country which it arbitrarily holds in military occupation . The barbarian Power secures by new guarantees the property of foreign subjects under its rule .
The civilized Power sequesters the property of the Wallachians , whom it suspects of not regarding favourably its domination . The barbarian Power declares that to lay embargoes on commerce is an unjust measure , and declines to exercise it . The civilized Power interrupts the communication between the Danubian provinces . The barbaHan Power announces that the waters of the Straits shall remain open during hostilities between the two nations . The civilized Power interrupts commercial relations . The barbarian Power employs all its efforts to prevent commerce suffering more than can possibly be helped from the necessities of war .
The civilized Power confiscates the property of the barbarians . The barbarian Power permits the civilized , who are the aggressors in the war , to withdraw themselves , with their fortunes , realized in the barbarian country . The civilized Power makes war like barbarians . The barbarian Power conducts itself with a generosity of principles not always observed in analogous circumstances by nations the most advanced in civilization . The civilized Power takes everything , and pays for nothing . The barbarians pay for all they take . The civilized Power obliges men to shave off their beards because they are Jews , and their wives to renounce the ornament of long hair .
The barbarians let the Jews dress as they like , and accord them the same rights as to believers of other religions . * The civilized Power sends away to Siberia , aged , sick , and infirm nuns , because they honour the Pope of Home more than the Patriarch of Moscow . The barbarians suffer the followers of the Patriarch of Moscow , and those of the Pope of Rome , to pray according to their respective faiths . The civilized Power uses the knout to make proselytes . The barbarians do not seek to make proselytes , and reject the influence of the knout in religious matters . The civilized Power excites the fanaticism of tho ignorant .
The barbarians otrive against the ignorance of fanatics . The civilized Power makes , from the evangelical pulpits of its churches , daily appeals to the lusts and passions of the masses . The barbarians endeavour to enlighten tho masses . The civilized Power lias no other motive for war but that of enriching itsolf with tho property of others . The barbarians are fighting for the defence of their honour , their country , their religion . The civilized Power has had recourne to trickery , employed false pretexts , and to tho latest moment tried to mislead and deceive Europe .
The barbarians have acted frankly , in the face of tho world , and have deceived nobody . Tho civilized Power reckons on its might . Tho barbarians rest upon tho right . The civilized Power in barbarouy . Tho bwrbarians are civilized .
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CORPORATION REFORM . Subjoined is tho copy of a letter which lias boon addressed to tho Lord Miiyor by Mr . Coleridge , tho Kecretary to tho royal commiHsioners appointed to inquire into tho utato of tho corporation of tho city of London . "Downinfr-streofc , Oct . 22 . "MyLojvd—I wn directed by t . h « commiHniouern for inquiring into ' the Htato of the corporation of tho city of Iiontlon , to inform your lordship , thnfcat their first mooting , winch thov have hold this < W at tho oflicml raudoneo ol
tho Firat Lord of tho Treasury , they havo taken into coneideration tho courHO of tlmir Juturo proceeding . "Ah lull documentary ovidonoo with regard to tho constitution of the city of tondon , up to a . very recent period , already exists in an authentic iorm , tho comnussionorn purpose to coinmonco fchoir investigation with meowing the evidence of persona who may have complaints to mako or altoratioiiH i , <> Hiiggesl ; with respect to tlw pronont Htato and government of tho corporation . At a future utago of tho inquiry Mio commissioners will bo prepared tooxarnmo tho oflicorH of M » o corporation .
"With a viow to afford tho roqwimto information a » speedily as possible * to tho persons more particularly in . toroatod in tho proceedings of tho commisfciion , tho cominiaoionorfl wiU tilco atopa to conuaunionto to thorn printed
copies of the evidence taken before them from tune to time . I Jtai , my lord , your lordship ' s obedient servant , ( Signed ) " J . D . Colebidge , Secretary . " Eight Hon . the Lord Mayor , &c . &c . " It may be stated that Mr . Coleridge , the secretary , is a son of one of the learned commissioners , and the nephew of another- . , : , At a meeting of the City Common Council , on Thursday , the Lord Mayor took occasion to state , that the letter printed in the newspapers had not been copied from the original sent to him . The royal commissioners assembled , on Thursday , in their chamber at the residence of the First Lord of
the Treasury , Downing-street , Mr . Henry Labouchere , the chief commissioner , presiding , and the secretary to the commission ( Mr . Coleridge ) being present . The object of the meeting was preliminary to the inquiry , which it was decided should commence on Tuesday next , at twelve o'clock . It was stated that the gentlemen of the press would be afforded every accommodation which the limited space permitted , and it was announced that the formal proceedings would open with the evidence of Mr . James Acland , secretary to the Municipal Reform Association .
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AMERICAN NOTES . The relations of the United States and Mexico are extremely ticklish just now . Ever since his assumption of power , General Santa Anna has cried , Hurrah for independence ! upon every possible occasion ; and has talked a great deal , and written more , about leading his brave soldiers , who had been so often defeated , to victory or death . He has collected a considerable army on the Texan frontier , and rumours have been freely circulated in the United States that he intends to proclaim himself emperor of Mexico , and then make war on the Yankees .
These reports have drawn forth a letter from General Almonte , Minister at Washington . He ostentatiously denies that Santa Anna intends to attack a " friendly power ; " and he explains that the troops have been concentrated in order to repel the incursions of bands of men from the American side , and to hold the Indians in checif The latter duty , he avers , the United States undertook to perform by the treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo—a treaty they have neglected to fulfil ; hence the armaments . The charge of neglecting to carry out the treaty is adroitly made in the shape of a statement of fact .
It seems that the New York Herald has assumed the character of a prophet , led on by its opposition to the present government . The Herald predicts a commercial crisis , and lays the blame at the door of the Pierce cabinet . But another journal not democratic in its principles , pooh-poohs the prediction . It is said that Mr . James Gordon Bennett has actually had the audacity to apply for the post of United States' Minister to Paris , and has of course been refused . Hence the gross party attacks made so constantly by the Herald on the government , and its virtuous abuse of '' office seekers . "
The post of Minister in Paris has been given to Mr . John Mason , of Virginia , late Chairman of the Committee on Foreign Relations .
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CAPE AFFAIRS . The latest advices from tho Cape are less cheerful than usual ; and the brief sunshine of peace is already overshadowed by rumours of renewed discontent . The colonists are alarmed at the order for tho withdrawal of four regiments , part of the force stationed in the Amatolas ; and not less so by an inexplicable report that tho instructions of Sir George Clerk are to prepare for tho entire withdrawal of British authority from the Orange sovereignty . Tho people there are strongly opposed to Reparation ; and petitions have been forwarded home , begging Ministers to reconsider their
measures . " The tribes recently subdued havo not , indeed , manifested any directly hostile spirit , but it ifl known that tho chiefs are discontented , and havo expressed their indignation strongly , to General Cathcart , at tho limited extont of country ho has assigned them . About three wooks eunco , at a meeting 1 which lna Excellency held with thorn , Mocomo , on behalf of tho othor chiefs , declared that tho land given them was too small— ' it was all stones , tlioy could not till i !; , and there was no bush for firewood—they wanted tho Ama tolas . ' Tim General Cathcart decidedly refiiHod , giving them to understand that their possession of that locality would certainly involve another war ; and the Kafirs , it is Rtatod , ' loft the mooting not at all satisfied with tho result . ' These AmntoloH—tho Gibraltar of
Kafir-Itind—are at present hold in military occupation by a portion of tho troopu now about to bo romovod . "A public , -work of great importance'to tho woBtorn districts of tho colony has just boon completed . Botwoon Capo Town and tho rich corn-growing regions of Worcester there intorposos , at ajlistaneo of about forty miles , a vast rango of mountains stretching across tho country , and nearly cutting off tho capital from all communication with tho interior in tliafc direction . These mountains aro only paNsablo at a low points , whoro it was formorly necessary to unload a wagon at ono sido , carry over tho packages by hand , or on tlio backs of horsos , and ro-loml thorn into another at tho othor sido—in short ; , thoy form as complete a barrier to intercourse ) by wheel carriages as tho Isthrruw of Parion to whips . At an oxporvHo of 60 , 000 ? ., with tho labour of our colonial convicts , this mighty barrior hna boon cut throu / jbj from ono eido to tho owior- » wpworda of
18 miles—and a magnificent road constructed , by which the untold wealth of the interior may pour down unob structed to the shores of Table Bay . This road was opened for public use last week , amidst great rejoicings . " The term of the old Legislative Council expires next July , and it has been officially informed of the measures adopted for bringing the new constitution into operation .
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THE MAINE LIQUOR LAW FOR ENGLAND . Everything happens in these our modern or latter days . Some gentlemen have actually met at Manchester , and begun the latest " development" of teetotalism . Their object is the chimerical one of suppressing all traffic in spirituous liquors and intoxicating 1 drinks by act of Parliament . The engine with which this is to be effected is to be called the " United Kingdom Alliance . " There was an exceedingly crowded
meeting , and among the leading advocates of the movement present were—Sir Walter C . Trevelyan , chairman ; Mr . James Silk Buckingham , Dr . F . R . Lees the Rev . Jabez Burns , D . D ., London ; Messrs . Benjamin Parsons , of Ebbley ; Lawrence Panting , M . A ., Chebsey ; Fergus Ferguson , B . A ., Glasgow ; Henry Gale , B . C . L ., West Lambrook ; D . M 'Rae ; Samuel Bowley ; and W . Willis , ofLuton . The principal resolution was as follows : —
" That this meeting , regarding the liquor-vending establishments of the country as a source of temptation and a nursery of crime , incompatible with the advance of society in the path of true civilization , calls for the entire suppression of the traffic in intoxicating liquors . That this meeting cordially approves the objects and constitution of the ' United Kingdom Alliance , ' for procuring the legislative prohibition of the traffic in intoxicating beverages , and accords ' to that movement its hearty sanction and support . " The movement has at least the merit of running counter to free-trade .
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THE SANITARY STATE OF THE NATION . The week ending Saturday last shows an increase of chlolera in London . It will be remembered that in the two previous weeks the number of deaths were 66 and 45 ; last week it rose to 83 . The south districts still hold that fatal pre-eminence in death which has all along distinguished them ; no fewer than forty-nine out of the 83 having occurred there . It is clear , also , that the severity of the epidemic is greater this year than it was in 1848 ; for in the corresponding week in that year , the number of deaths was 34 . Yet , with all this special mortality , arising , as it is now so clearly shown , from the accumulated filth of years , the health of London is , on the average , as good aa it has been for the last ten years . The deaths were 1054 . This is exactly the number resulting from a calculation founded on the average of the same week in former
years . It cannot be said that the cholera has not given fair warning ; and the local authorities , to whom the inspectors are revealing the foul abominations in the districts under their charge , have tho winter before them to make provision for meeting any renewed outbreak in the spring . Even on the north side of the Thames there are shocking dwelling-places . Mr . Grainger gives a specimen . ' Tho worst specimen that camo under my notice was a place called Groy ' s-buildingB , Duke-street , Mancheatcrsquare . It is densely crowded , closed at tho west end by high buildin g s , preventing ventilation , and with tho surface strewed with refuse . There aro hero numerous
miserable , dark , damp , cellars ; there ifl no open urea , — - nothing but an iron grating for the admission of light . Ono of tbeso areas was measured ; it was eight feet below tho street , and only twenty-seven wide . In tho ivont collar lived a man and wife , with ono child , with two othor grown-up peoplo , tho rent 2 b . 6 d . In the bade collar , a gloomy hole , wore living a woman and her son ; rent 2 s . On inspection , I found several ash-pits , almost lull ; did not
the dustmen , it was stated by sovoral w omen , como moro than onco a fortnight , and thon did not romovo all tho refuse , tho worst at tho bottom being loft . A no men oxpoct beor , and will not do thoir duty without it . Ono woman , who had lived two years in tho house , Jiau novor known tho pit emptied to tho bottom . lho stencn was described as horrible , especially whon tho tilth wa thua diaturbed without complete removal ; ' tho flinou often made them eiolc' Tho privies , aa usual , woro mosc
offensive . " . 1 Q i Tho medical evidonco collected shows that , in i »* - > , tho inhabitants of this dangerous cLihb of dwellings Hufforod most Boveroly from cholora ; that scarlet lover in its most malignant form constantly rocura ana rapidly spreads in thorn ; ; md that tho worst claflB oi typhus occurring in London M hcoii thoro . AB oxamplo of tho rate of diHoaao found , on ins pection , prevalent , Mr . Gniingor cites tho following : — " I visited No . 0 , Boll-Btrcot , Lisson-grovo , wh 0 ™" family occupied tho two ' collwra , having woven cm «» » four of whom had iuflt had tho scarlot ibvcv ; vriuwi * r the back room above , another boy had been r « moy « a wi tho same disease to tho Fovor jiospital . Tho history ii
this family is most instructive ; thoy aro very »» - "• peoplo , with all tho coniforta of life as to ( 4 * 2 &o . ; tho rooms aro qmto clean , nont , ami woll ftn . nw ^ j but thus living Hovon foot four inches below tho mirin * tho street , and " in vory low and amall rooms , « 2 _ inot boon most Hickly . They havo lived hero fiv » yonj » from choice , but from having a largo if ™ y > a " * oul < l icing great domand for Iwuso ac oommodtttioP , W > y w
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iO 38 THE LEADER . tS ^ TtriiDAY ,
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Leader (1850-1860), Oct. 29, 1853, page 1038, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse2.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct2010/page/6/
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