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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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dialect of the county , and " using all the idioms of the class , with a clear consciousness of the force he gains by so doing , and stems all opposition by the goodhumoured decision with which he puts aside all objections . " The men expect-that they can hold out until past Christmas * K The moat significant circumstance , ' iti the present condition of the strikes , the absence of enthusiasm , and the stern determination with which they maintain their ground . Nor , on the other hand , do the masters exhibit any inclination to depart from their resolution . Masters , like men , have combined , and henceforth there can be no individual action .
The seamen demand an increase of wages at Hull . They refuse to go on a Baltic voyage for less than 51 . a month , a much larger sum . than was paid a year or two ago . And there is little probability that the rate of wages will generally decrease while there is such a demand for seamen in other ports . On Monday the majority , if not the whole , of the crew of the barque Fergus , signed for 41 . 15 s . a month , and were to be on board that night or on the following morning . The time arrived some of them were not to be found ,
although they had received advance notes . Subsequently two of them were found intoxicated , in which state they were taken to the station-house , and were committed to prison for three months . The Fergus left the Old Dock on Tuesday evening . A number of seamen assembled near , and shouted and threatened the crew as the vessel glided down the harbour . They , however , separated peaceably , owing probably to the appearance of Inspector Dorsey and three or four police officers .
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THE CITY COMMISSION . The Commission of Inquiry into the state of the Corporation of London met on Tuesday to receive evidence . Mr . Labouchere , Sir John Patteson , and Mr . Cornewall Lewis , were present . As yet only two witnesses have been examined—Mr . James Acland , secretary of the City Municipal Reform Association , and Mr . John Ingram Travers . Their evidence does not go for much . Mr . Acland brings charges of bribery in general against all the branches of the Corporation . Aldermen , he says , are elected by bribes , Common Councilmen have patronage—an equivalent for bribery ; the Chamberlain by direct and avowed bribery ^ the Sheriffs by bribery , the Bridgemaster , and the various officers , usually by bribery . He brings charges of nepotism , backed by the names of the parties , against both Aldermen and Common Councilmen ; and he charges the latter with directly bribing the daily press . Here is the charge : —
In the year 1849 the consolidated committee , considering that the corporation had been misrepresented before the Government and the public , made a report to the Courtof Common Council , asking for a grant of money for the purpose of setting themselves right with the public through the instrumentality of the . press . The Court had since voted the committee a sum of 1000 ? . annually , to be allotted for that purpose , and I believe that 4000 / 1 . during the hist four years have been spent in the ordering of hundreds of papers upon occasions when a newspaper reported the
proceedings of the Corporation , as they thought satisfactorily . I am quite sure that during all tlmt period the Times lias not received one farthing of that money . I am quite certain that tho expenditure of that money directly or indirectly induces the papers to suppress that which would be unfavourable to the Corporation if known , and to give as favourable a re-port of its proceedings as by their ingenuity they may be able to do . The Chairniaiv : Are not the details of this expenditure of 1000 £ . a year laid before the Court of Common Council , and afterwards before the public ?
Mr . Aclmul : Certainly not . There aro many details of moneys expended by the Corporation which are not published . Mr . C . Lowih : Assuming that certain quantities of news-Cap ers aro purchased , who decide which newspaper shall e selected , arid liow many copies Hhall be taken F Mr . Acland : Tho members of the consolidated committee . Mr . C . Lowis : Do you believe the question is brouirbt before tho committee and to tho votef
put Mr . Acland : No ; I think tho committee will have some confidential agent or leading nimnlxsr , or they have eoniidenco in noino of their officers ; and an intimation that a }> npor has a satisfactory report on a particular day will bo ollowed by thci sending for f > 00 conies . I believe that in some cases ( . lift application is made , " Won't you take Home paporn—we have an excellent article on " tho Corporation in our papor to-day P" I believe that is tho system .
Mr , Travorn < 1 o , t , 1 h with the question in a nummary fashion . lie lookn upon tho city HVHtem as worn out mid obnoloto . Ho would nweop away itn municipal in-HtitutioiiH altogether . Of courHo tho charges of Mr . Acland could not bo permitted to pna . s by the Court of Common Council which mot tho next day . Mr . Anderton asked if tho charge was true ? ¦ Tho Chairman of tho Committee implicated having c ; minc ( 1 tho report mentioned to be road , gave tho following explanation : — " I will now tell the court , what Mio committee , in tho exercise of their discretion , thought , it proper to do an a kind of temporary proceeding . The impression upon many members' minds nt tho time wan , thai , perhaps there nhould bo Bomn communication of a pennumint character , by which jnotice should bo dono to tho conduct and character of tho irtmtloinon composing this court . TJiorc was much difficulty m Hoein how it could be done , but iu tjio end . tho
committee came to the conclusion of directing the hall-keeper an this place , without reference to name of paper or politics , or otherwise , to look at the newspapers on the morning after each sitting of the court , and to select from them the one that seemed to him to contain the' best account of the . proceedings- " Mr . i Blake : " The longest , the most voluminous ac count . " Mr . Wood : " The hall-keeper was to select the newspaper which contained the longest account of the proceedings of the previous day . That course has been pursued up to the present time . The result of the order of the
committee to the hall-keeper has been thought by members of advantage to the corporation in this way—it has brought to their notice that the proceedings have been fully and fairly reported in many instances . The hall-keeper has , by direction of the committee , ordered 300 copies of the paper containing the longest report of the proceedings of the court . Of this number about 250 are circulated amongst the members of the court , the other 50 being sent to the town clerks of the various boroughs throughout the kingdom , in order that the country corporations may know what is going on here . The cost of this amounts to 51 . or 61 . each time the papers are purchased , and does not exceed 150 ? . a year . "
A great deal of warm feeling was manifested at the " misstatements" of Mr . Acland ; but it was generally agreed that Mr . Anderton had put an inconvenient question , andjthat the place to reply to them would be before the Commission .
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NOEFOLK WORTHIES : LIEUTENANT CRESSWELL . Lynn , in Norfolk , is the birth-place of Lieutenant Cresswell , the gallant subordinate of M'Clure , who has actually made the North-West Passage . For three years he has been absent , and great anxiety has been felt by his parents and townsmen for his safety . Now that he has come back among them , and brought so much honour / they make much of him , showing that some prophets are honoured in their own country . It was a touching sight , that , in the Town Hall of Lynn , on the 26 th ult ., the third anniversary of the discovery of the passage . There were the civic dignitaries of Lynn , with a cordial address ; there was Sir Edward Parry , who had travelled two hundred miles to be present ; there was Lord Stanley , Lynn's clever Member ; and , above all , there was Lieutenant Gresswell ' s father . After the address had been read , Lieutenant Cresswell returned hearty thanks to his townsmen , and in return gave a narrative of the voyage of the Investigator . Sir Edward Parry followed with a few cordial and appropriate words , and that ceremony
was over . In the evening there was a banquet to the hero of the icy seas . Here the speechmakirig was renewed ; and Sir Edward Parry delivered some interesting notions on the subject of Arctic expeditions . " In the first place , I spent many of the best years of my own life in services similar to that in which Lieutenant Gurney Cresswell has been engaged . It is now thirty-five years since I commenced upon tho same field of labour , and it is thirty-four years since it pleased God to permit me , with two of our ships , to penetrate to the western end of Melville Island . That I was permitted to accomplish in a single season ; and , considering the naturo of that enterprise , there is no doubt I had a favourable season ,
and was very much favoured in doing it , because , until tho year 1852 , from the time I speak of in 1819 , although several efforts have been made , no one has over reached within 300 or 400 miles of the same spot . "Whilst this -was going ; on , the north coast of America , from Behring's Straits , was being surveyed by several accomplished Arctic travellers . Wo have in tho list our dear friend Franklin , Itichardson , and . Deedcs , and Simpson , and Wray , and Becchey , and Pullcn , and Hooper , and perhaps one or two others whom I hav * forgotten . But you sec there is a long list of gallant nautical men engaged in surveying that part of the coasts of America which you sco before you on tho chart . So that in point of fact , when I reached tho western extremity of Melville Island , and saw Banks ' s Land
sixty miles from it , which is laid down in my chart of that day , there then remained a considerable portion from tho continent upwards to that point yet to be explored . Our dear young friend haa had tho privilogo of accomplishing that ( applause ) ; and I venture to say that there is no portion of the north-west passage more difficult of accomplishment than that . I will say , too , that there novor has been an instanco in which so magnificent a navigation ban biion performed in a single season as was performed by Captain M'Cluro and his officers . Gentlemen , there in nothing in Arctic discovery to bo compared to that one summer ' s exploit in tho year 1852 . It is between 000 and KKH ) miles , very nearly 1000 , from Point Barrow , which we consider any ship may reach in thoso days—wo don't think so much of gutting a little into tho ice as wo formerly did—but from Point Barrow along to Capo Parry , fro
m which our friend struck off in tho Investigator , In tho'tIsland you hoo there — Baring Island , iind'f hen upward to tho Hay of Morcy , whore tho Investigator , I am afraid , is till this moment , confined , in from 9 ( M ) to 1000 miloH ; and I assure you , from tho experionco I have had of tho navigation of " th « HO turns , it is a mont marvollouH navigation to accomplish . I lieliovo no man can toll moro of tho difficulty of it than I can ; and I repeat ; that tlioro has been nothing in tho whole course of Arctic discovery equal to that which Captain M'Cluro and his companions accomnlirtluid . Tho exploit then comes to this , that by this gallant achievement tho oxintonoo of tho wholo of tho northwont passage haa boon ascertained beyond a doubt ; and it in a curious circumstance ( hat Captain M ' Cluro should just have boon enabled to reach from tho westward to tho Bay of Mwey , wjuch it ) , ia pohit of fact , upon tho very land X
saw in coming from the eastward , but could not reach , so that there we are met within sixt y miles , and I only hope that the crowning triumph of getting completely through may be reserved for our gallant friend . Captain M'Clur © ( cheers ) . . . . I was one of the committee appointed by the Admiralty to propose the plans for the recent expedition , and was-therefore personally concerned in sending our young friend Cresswell out ; so that I did feel upon that point a personal responsibility , though I believed I had done the best thing that could be done , and believe it still . It was the best chance of finding our dear friend Franklin , if he was to be found ; but still I did feel a personal respoiisibility , having taken a part as one of the committee to recommend the plan which was put into practice .
Then give me leave to say , that there is still another reason why my interest and anxiety was deep in this matter , and that was that I had no small hand in sending out our dear young friend himself ( applause ) . His dear and revered father , who sits before me now , knows that we talked it over , and I advised him . I said , ' Let the young man go ; I give you the advice I would for my own dear son in the navy . Let him go by all means if he wishes . We must not stand upon these points , but let him go where honour and reputation are to be earned . ' I need not tell you that Mr . Cresswell was not long in responding to that . It wa » the young man ' s wish to go , and go he did . .-. ' .. I can form but a single idea as to the probable fate of Franklin . I do not agree with our friend , Gurney
Cresswell , about the probability of both ships having gone down and nothing been seen of them , because , although it is true that nothing might be seen of the ships themselves , I do . not believe the crews would all have perished at one moment . I think there ia that stuff and stamina in one hundred and twenty Englishmen , that somehow or other they would have maintained themselves as well as a parcel of Esquimaux would . They would have found the Esquimaux , and there would have been something like a trace of them if they had been on earth . The only thing which I can suggest is this : Wellington Strait was discovered by myself on the expedition I spoke of . It is a large opening from Lancaster Sound . When I was going up westward from Melville Island , vre saw Wellington Straits perfectly free from ice , and so I marked it on my chart . It was not my business to go north as long as I could get west , and
therefore we ran past , and did not examine it . But it has always been a favourite idea of those who imagined the north-west passage was to be easily made by going north . That we know was the favourite idea of Franklin , and we know he did intend , if he could not get westward , to go up Wellington Channel . We have it from his own lips . My belief is still that after the first winter he did g o up that channel , and that having steam power ( which I had not in my time ) , it is possible he may have gone up in a favourable season . For you cannot imagine anything more different than a favourable and an unfavourable season in those regions . You cannot imagine the changes that take place in the ice there . I have been myself sometimes beset for two or three days together by the ice , in such away that from the masthead I could not see sufficient water to
float that bottle in ; and in twenty-four hours there waa not a bit of ico to be seen—nobody could tell why—I cannot tell why ; and you might have sailed about as you may in your own river , as far as ice is concerned . Therefore in a favourable season he may have gone up that inlet , and may , by the power of steam and favourable circumstances , have got so far to the north-west that in an ordinary season he could not get back again . And thoso who knew Franklin know this—that he would push on year after year so long as his provisions lasted . Nothing could stop him . Ho was not a man to look back if ha believed tho thing was still possible . Ho may have got beyond tho reach of our searching parties , for Sir Edward Belcher has not been able to get far up , and we havo not been ablo to get the investigation completed I hopo you will pardon tho loquacity of an old , old Arctic voyager . I must say that when I hear thoso stories , as I heard this morning ,
and as I read them—of what has been performed , the vtay in which the last link of tho north-west passage has been discovered—that to which I devoted tho best years of my life—it rekindles in my bosom all tho ardour of enterprise , ay , and much of tho vigour of youth ( loud applause ) . I will just say , that tho only thing I regret in coining here to-day is this simple fact , that wo have been obliged to designate our dear young friend by tho name of Lieutenant Cresswell . I know not anything of the intention of tho Admiralty ; but I will say this , that I do not believe tho Admiralty of Great Britain can possibly refuse to givo promotion to the first man who , since tho world began , has over traversed tho north-west passage . " ( Loud and continued cheers . ) Lord Stanley subsequently inado a speech , am * backed up tho strong hint for CresHWoll ' H prom otion , used by Sir Edward Parry .
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THE WIGAN MOTS . Unfoutunathxy tho raon on striko at Wigftn h . w > damaged their cause by a . riot , in the course of whicli much property was wantonly destroyed . Desirous of taking measures in concert to resist tho men , tho mastera met at tho ltoyal Hotel on Friday ,, aiul thoro deliberated . While they did ao , a gn » t crowd of collier and factory handu gathered in >' l 0 ntreet outaido , anxiously awaiting tho decision of t »<> coal ownorH , and willing , it ia said , to take one half oi tho
tho advance- they demanded . Foremost among employers is tho Karl of Balcarros ; and hiu man , a - Mr . Ponce , h » d brought up a lot of colliers from Waleii . Peace ' s son , a young man , got into a quarrel with sonio factory boyH , ami waa obliged to tako refuge in a yul > lie-house . Whilo thin wan going on , tho decision oi tno inantorB became known . They agreed to adjourn J « r a fortnight , and givo tho colliorH tho option of rotu " ' ing to work at tho old wagon . Tho men did not hk « thin , » nd » toud About tho front oi' tho hotel » W * w
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1062 T HE LEAD BR . [ Sa ^ rjday ,
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Leader (1850-1860), Nov. 5, 1853, page 1062, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse2.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct2011/page/6/
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