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YOIi . IV . No . 195 . 1 SATURDAY , DECEMBER 17 , 1853 . [ Price Sixpence
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TpHE position of our Government has materially ¦*• altered , not only by the retirement of LordPallnerston , but also by the manifest change of affairs in the East . The public ought not to be surprised if the events of the week . are followed by events of a still more striking character . In the Black Sea , Russia begins to boast her victories ; and although exaggerated , they are not to be denied . A fleet , under General NachimofF , succeeded in overtaking , near Sinope , a Turkish squadron of transport ships , with armed vessels , and in destroying the larger number . Indeed , from the result , the object seems to have been less victory than destruction . We have as yet only Russian accounts ; but from the mauled condition of the Russian ships , it is evident that the Turks fought vigorously ; and Ave may have trustworthy reports , as several French and English officers were on board the squadron—unless they were among tUc thousands whom the Russians boast of having killed . The reports of three Russian victories in Asia are not so well ascertained ; but here the declaration of Persia against Turkey is an undeniable gain to Russia , though , luckily , Persia is not at present capable of doing much beyond her own frontiers . On the whole , however , Russia is recovering ground both in the Black Sea and in Asia . It is evident that Turkey has been forced to enter upon Me contest with tactics not her own , and has been obli ged to sustain her conilict with Russia according to etiquette , not suited to her own resourc es and genius , but dictated by European interests . It is incumbent on her allies , therefore , 1 v' » o have restrained her , to give her a more H « tiv « support ; and , although " the fleets" had n been at once ordered into the Black Sea , we ' " y expect to hear that theno Russian victories ai'H followed up by a new course of action oh the l >« vt of Franco and England . It i . s useless to < n ( le V , th Russia any longer ; that truth mimfc by * » 'h time be recognised at head-quarters ; and if " < r : mc « and England do at lust really move ,-woo lM * "lo Russia and hor allies . VVe do not the less count upon the probability » ut our Ministers will moro energetically come kt \ ] tlUiir '' duty b ( 3 causo Lor ( l l ' nlmorston has ¦ them ; nor are we quite sure that his retirement " Uot l > ° for them a release in Eastern affairs .
The Times assuresUs that his retirement ' has-nc connexion with the affairs of the East , adding" Jfor is it true that differences of opinion on that subject have manifested themselves with such force as to lead to the retirement of any member of the Administration . " N " , it is to be observed that the peculiarly studied terms of this contradiction imply that there has been some division in the Cabinet , just short of causing the retirement of some member ' of it . Who was that member ? Was it JLord Palmerston ? And on which side was he ? It is not less remarkable that his retirment should be simultaneous with a belief among the friends of Ministers , very faintly shadowed in fie assurance of the Times , that there will be no change or " abatement" of their course in the East — the belief that they are about to adopt a muchinore energetic course . Russia has determined to set herself against Western Europe : the ^ result i . s in the hands of God ; but we cannot'help ^ regurding that nation as insane which commits itself to such a course as renders its continued existence incompatible with the policy and honour of France and England . Austria insidiously , but really , takes sides with Russia ; and Europe , it sterns , is not to be quiet unless the empire of the two-beaked eagle be also broken up . It might be better distributed , for the welfare of its own inhabitants , of Europe , and of mankind . , The avowed reason of Lord Palmerston ' . s retirement is hi . s total opposition to any such plan of . parliamentary Reform as would satisfy the public ! lie was always opposed to reform ; but we did not expect , that the convert to Liberalism and to Free Trade would thus retract at the seventieth hour . Still less , as one of Ins hwt ' acts in oilice was to announce an important reform . The heads of houses at Oxford received a letter from the Home Secretary on Tuesday , forwarded by the Chancellor ( Lord Derby ) , reminding them of Lord John ' s propositions , and bogging to know what the University had to nay ; an intimation that if the University were silent , Miniwtern would legislate . And ao it appears : University reform is to be a prominent topic of the Qucoii ' h speech . In reform matters at home Ministers have decidedly shown thomwlycH in advance , not only of retrograde communities , like the governing body at Oxford , but oven of the public reformers , so culled phr excellence . At Manchester , for oxample , han been hold a meeting of delegates from Poor Law guardians in Lancashire and Yorkshire ,
) for the purpose of procuring ^ amendments the Jaw . Instead , however , of directing their hostili-; ties against the abuses , the delegates seem to have been animated chiefly by the spirit which was rampant in the Anti-Poor Law agitation of King Oastler ; and while they attacked the Board of Commissioners , aiming at its total abolition , they specifically object to the orders of 1852 , as interfering with the discretion of guardians . In short , jealousy of authority is the guiding motive . Now this movement is objectionable ^ for two grounds that will cause its defeat , and ought to defeat it . However open to criticism on points of detail , the orders of August , which were mainly distinguished by directing better observance to the law , and particularly in giving relief for ablebodied labourers in the form of work , constituted a decided improvement to the system ; and , instead of abolishing these orders , reformers should rather try to cany out their spirit in the administration of the Poor Law . On the other hand , there is not the slightest probability that the Commission will be discontinued . There arc abuses , not only recognised , but maturely considered and condemned—such , for instance , as the law of settlement , which only awaits a " pressure from without" to be swept away ; if , indeed , Ministers do not take it into their own hands next session . This was a service in which the meeting of delegates might have helped . By devoting themselves to the Anti-Poor Law agitation of ' 38 , they have shelved their movement , and rendered their organisation of comparatively little account . Ministers do not appear as agitators , but as executors , completing . several improvements which the public has long discussed . Lord Palmorston , for example , issues regulations for burials , in order to secure in detail as well as in the general spirit the observance of those natural laws which he has recommended to the Presbytery of Edinburgh tin wove e'flicacious than helpless prayer . The Secretary of the Admiralty has issued new instructions to the commanders of vessels on the subject of minor punishment , with much advice as to the treatment of men in general . The character of the regulations in regard to minor penalties is , to render punishment prompt , specific , and app licable to the offence , without the delay or the protracted severity whioh converted some of the old punishments into sources of disaffection , amongst , the men . The general advice also is excellent , especially in inculcating upon oflicors
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" The one Idea which History exhibits as evermore developing itself into greater distinctness is the ^ Idea of Humanity—the noble endeavour to throw down all the barriers erected between men by prejudice ? and one-sided views ; and by setting aside tne distinctions of-Religion , Country , and Colour , to treat the whole Human race as one brotherhood , having one great object—tne tree development of our spiritual nature . "—Stimboldfs Cosmos . .
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NEWS OF THE WEEK- - pace f Miles Gloriosus" on Reform ... 1207 Departure of the Darien CanalJ LITERATURETpltpr * from Paris 1202 Australia :-DiggersTriumphant 1207 . Survev Expedition .. . , . 1212 Books before our Tribunal 1218 C onSntal ^ otes !'''" : " - . """ 1203 Jamaica tfewS 5 L . ............. 1207 Yoimg Tory England and Old Books on our Table 1019 8 S-iffi& . S ; ::::::::::: ; :::::.:: mm * &&s # of a " Traveller iu ;^ ¦ tS SKSSn - ? clte-Nb ¦ portfolio-M ^ eSt Balauce ; aud How i 20 i TiS&hcVnstrips-::::::::::::::: S-- T &v ^^ SrSr iS . An 1 *^ 10 ^ ... i 22 o ^ M ^ riS ^^^ l ^ ¦ $£ S& £ ^^ = 18 & - BS ^ Se ^ ofO ^ rd -::: I THEARTS"Poor BreSSS ^ iand Rich " Go- - A Model Mayor 1216 A Life of Felix Mendelssohn ... 1220 : 55 S 0 i 5 ™^; .. ! r . ^ ... _ . l « W PUBLIC AFFAIRS- TJltramontamsm xn Germany ... 1216 _ .... _ . . — „ , „ , Troops for the Mediterranean ...... 1206 . \ OPEN COUNCIL- Births , Marriages , and Deaths ... 1221 Newcastle Meetiiig 1206 England between Two Stools ... 1209 The Value of the Beard to Ar- -.- ¦„ .. r-o ^ . * . ^ ^ r- ^ . ^ c Abolition of the Poor Law Board ... 1206 Insurance for tho Working Class 1210 tisaiis ... 1216 COMMERCIAL AFFAIRSBirmingham ' -. Cattle Show .... . 1203 Moral Signs in-Am erica 1211 Ought Majorities in all Cases to City Intelligence , Markets , Ad-TheFirst Agricultural Statistics ... 1207 Emigration the Best of Strikes . 1212 be Omnipotent 121 G vertisements , &c ... 1221-1224
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Citation
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Leader (1850-1860), Dec. 17, 1853, page unpag., in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse2.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct2017/page/1/
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