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tare an officer who is thoroughly up to the business if the department , and the officer whom we hare leard named is certainly quite competent to the luttes : Sir Hew Boss has \> een for fourteen years Adjutant-General , and he has seen more hard pounding than any artillery officer alive . Our immediate ^^^ rM ^ num ^^ urse
which is naturally , m maHyJ ^ espectg , " ^ nfallel to our own . France is takinjjjpijfceps to raise -means for the war , ' different fromi ^ e of Mr . Glaa ||( jae , but no doubt suited tp ttwft ^ condition of ^ J ^ emch affairs . The IVflptry KaipOTited the ccHwairreiice of the Legislative Body iu sanctioning a loan for 10 , 000 , 0002 . sterling . The Legislative Body did
not content itself with a cold acquiescence , but responding to the spirited address of M . BiUamlfc Trho called on frenchmen to add to the glories of the national annals—it Toted the proposition unanimously , and unanimously resolved to proceed , in its entire hpdy | o lay its sanction before ih «^ iQmp ^ i ^^^ e--4 iloi |^^ 7 ' of this proceedin ^ stampait -with a national chai acter . and
France hasjihroughoutj distinguished herself lay tjxe abjlity Qjp * ppp ^ T |^| Jfic documents ; the circular wMc ^ ^^ l ^ o ^^^^ , Xbuys has transmitted ty , th ^ : . ] C 0 ^^ 0 % t / k ^ m pi" France , in reply to the '^ ip ^ j ^^|^^ ib ^ ' ? tltei Emperor NkhoLvs , and ^ to"th ^« inBwer ^ om that potentate _ to the 3 km peror ^ A |^>] ie « n ^| s dista>Li $ hed by all the clearness anS masterly self-possession of its author . But the position of iFrance is sufficiently intelli-¦¦
mt > ^ * - ' ' > - < :: ¦ ¦ - - " ¦ -i : " us f ^^^^ BmW £ esma ; it is- now respecting the m&tfloJLdfT ? mSB ) a . l It is understood tnatJung Fpieqerjc IPVilham . urged . the . Emperor Francis M ^ tiil'ejcf ; Se ^ ' propqeifioii <> f wnich / Count C ^ ff ^ ks ^ lll bearer ; but that at present ; Tre-r dene W 31 mm jdnaccoiintably hesitates to follow ** V * - *>/ ' Tf AMMMtmtmh _ _ WJJ >» V > VVJfc ** JlV » > mXT . J 4 wiUU ) lbO bv *\ J * M . \ J JPf
uj > tha ^ t ep ^ ltea action by cordially uniting in the Etiropjean alKance . The reason . of his hesitation Sflnof "' l&o ' wii ' . ; , ' but * certain facts give to it a very unhappy aspeqt . It hag for some time "been said ifiiat , 0 e- , p ^» ce ' of ' 3 frussia ^ although Absolutist , is ^^^ ipjf- ' ^| i ^ u 5 s fan };' ' and ' hints have been jg ^ fc ^ M ^^^ T&H . W % ht abdicate in P ^ uij ^ r $$ ? iprbWier- One , might almost co-njectare tli ^ t ^ e is making a last struggle to retain his throne under alien protection , against his brother gad his subjects > and the resignation of M . Manteuffel strengthens adverse conjecture .
It is curious to trace the seam of Russian influence in ^ Europe , through Prussia , Saxony , it is said , . liftd BqtraTia , to Greece and Naples ; hut it Is well" known that the population of Prussia " , as -well as that of Naples , is decidedly unfavourable to Russia . Iu comparison to the Budget , the other proceedings in Parliament , are of small importance . 'None of them , perhaps ^ , is of so much in its moral effect as the announcement of Ministers that the
same clemency which , is shown to Mr . Smith O'Brien wll be extended to las colleagues in Civile who hk&ve not copied the bad example of iMitchel and Meagher j namely , to Messrs . Martin amcL ^ oherty , an ^ also to the Welsh insurgents , I * rost , Jones , and Williams . It is not said that these men are to return home ; but there really
appears no reason why the pardon should not be complete . The failure of Mr . Locke King ' s bill to secure the partition of land left by an intestate is not a matter for regret . It appeared to be ono of those measures which would render land , more ¦ t han it has yet been , an object of commercial "bargain and sale ; and the policy of effecting such a change is , to say the least , not yet settled .
awe of a majority so gained and so protested against . Considerable was the gathering of the cons ^ p a ^ iye element Ipa the country on that memorable occasion . After the first clause of the petition ^ ^ aivoTviiftg the principle of the scheme , had heejl ^ carried j -flaany of the Opposition ceased to vot <§| and during the rest of the contest the HeaxfejW'ere in a greajfc aaeasure opposawlNby their
fiends , Mrhp object ^ gjrto details . $ ti | Pftf | p were pjopd of $ jbteir succe | jj | ire triumphs , and t . ^ Wicer ( JJliancellotr is said ^ have ^ pr onounced l < yjfjgillum itvpfimatya ? " in a tiJIfOnphant tone , as ttipggggh he halfccojMweBfed the ^ Jjjpdra / and saved thftpitotitHr tiohbjd ^ ms couiJ *^ ,. &&m& erents tbcillfoiivocation was as dull , and . the Latin speeches as unconstruable as usual .
It was generally believed that Government was still undecided about a constitution for Oxford , and willing to give the University any rational scheme it could agree upon . But the Tutors * Association stuck , fast iu ecclesiasticism . The leading members of that clique hare been in a state of political exaltation , dreaming their hour had struck . It is not unlikely . Aliiihis wejefc Oxford has been in a flutter with the bux , the ' contents of which have been made known very freely . It is understood to be , in reality , pretiysweeping . At least the Viee-OhftaceQor thinks it to be the worst bill ever
framed 6 h any subject . The noble Chancellor is in a state of official and Tory exasperation . This is high'i > rake ^ or the bujl , and our confidence » h the instincts tjf'lioxd Derby and the Heads would make us desire vbbatf the jojll should pass ., ; Pass the Commons it "probably will ; but * we have a House of Lords . ' It sweeps the Hebdomadal Board clean- away , opens most fellowships , provides for a , nipderate confiscation , of foi colleges . XXpon . the wh , ole jwithput being entirely satisfactory , it is understood to he a . ^ rational' reform , which ajnenJightened Jjosterltr will " , perhaps , carry further . ¦ HSn attendant , we caa ^ wait a week . The state of an ° airs at Preston is untoward .
The , masters , not content with opening their mills ; are trying to ciush the conjmittee of the oper , * - tives by persecuting measures ; and the magistrates , once detected in impotent panic "before a mob v , are now telegraphing to London for police , and suppressing attroitpemens of the people in right Austrian style . The working men have laid their ease before Lord Palmerston , who has invited them to put it in writing- } and has promised to consider it .
Crime and disaster will not quite let us alone in the midst of our prosperity and our confidence . The cholera has again burst forth with malignity at Leeds and Limerick , proving that it has not left us , and that it will riot like rank grass with the flowers of spring . Hatto , the murderer of MarU anne Sturgeon at Burnham , is convicted , and sentenced to death without hope of reprieve . He
thanks the judge for the manner of his sentence in telling him that it is hopeless to recommend him to make peace with Heaven . This is a finish to the tragedy , which , for the thousandth time raises the question whether strangling this man in mid air , in presence of a crowd of sight-seers , is at all an instructive and effective way of asserting the sacredness of human life .
Dea > tb , the erer present certainty to an age of doubt , has lately struck down high names and dignities amongst us—a Bishop , a Marquis , and an Oxford " Head of House" ( the second within a fortnight ) , have succumbed . Although belonging to the Hebdomadal party , the genial and conscientious Master of Balliol is regretted by all parties . The same may be said of Doctor Denison ,
Bishop of Salisbury ; a man true to liis order , liberally ^ disposed , never vehement though , earnest , and distinguished by allowing scope to feeling as well as to reason in his duty ns a legislator . All men , too , lament him , cut off' in the active vigour of bis years , at an early ago for a prelate . ° , too , regret that gallant and eccentric old soldier , the hot-tempered Marquis of Londonderry , of " whom it cannot be said that lie never said a foolish
thing , and of whom it would be too strong to say that he never did a wise one . lie often said foolish things , and sometimes did them ; but he was frank , warm-hearte < J , and courageous in obeying the dictates of his conscience ; and , by favour of following his sirnpler iiiHtinctH , be evon spoke impressively—at times chivalrously ; as Louis Nivpoleon could testily , when tbc Manjui . s vindicated hisolaims to leniency before Louin l'hilippo ; and as Abd-el-Kader can tell , when the Marquis again came before the Emperor JMupolcon to plead fur the captive .
Thanks to the I 3 altic fleet , the indisposition of Lord John , and perhaps to the after-dinner elo-? uonee of the Tirst Lord of the Admiralty , Oxford Iniversity has another week ' s reprieve . But it jtMJI scarcely Vm by waiting , and reform willlceep . : £ « j"iJ 9 rtnight ago tbc " Head * " bad a sun of Au ^ t ^ L v "; pty * fc #$ ! f ^ 'F "victory , but otherwise it was of $ K ' : >afe # ftlkd Gy the aucicnls Cadnioan , and by the ' ' . ^^| wlte " catcnill S Tartar . " I ( , was scarcely to ^^^ iKE rapted that the Government would stand in " . ' ¦ - jJv ^ { : ' "
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218 THE LEADER . [ Saturday ,
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PARLIAMENT OF THE WEEK . a HE BUDGET . In briujpng his JBudget before the House of Commons , jin Cpme ^ toe of Ways and Means , on Monday , the O » itNCEiSti © B-Qp the Exchequer said , that he "brought it &rica )?^ tyihis unusually early period of the session . < b e < a | tas « fw ^ Brntnent recognised the title of the Hogise ft ** bjj £% » afle speedily aware of the mode in -wfaieH , & ;; ij » rppo « ed to meet an unusually large expenditure ; * BKt , because it is well that foreign countries ^ lip « JftpiltaiB |^ arnest » i ^ ss of the nation in the course ^ p ^ mi qjr-HI ilifc embai ^ hjBd ; and lastly , because the people Of England should < Jknow ^ he measures- which GovernWent ^ jrVe adopt ed , "jkad-ihe disagreeable consequences which they entail in a serious addition to the public burdens .
He began by stating the financial results of the previous year , observing that , as only eleven months of the financial year had elapsed , tbte totals were stilt in part a matter of estimate ; without , however , any probability that the ultimate result would seriously differ from the present amount , where the actual receipts in all branches have exceeded the estimates . In order , however , fully to estimate these results , some untoward contingencies must be mentioned : fox example—through the failure of the vines , the revenue derived from currant duty has been reduced from 342 , 000 * ., in the years 1851-2 , to 133 , 000 / . in the
past year . The supply of tea , has been , diminished by-the insurrection in China , which has giea ^ ly increased the price , and has * o * far ^ neutralised the reduction of the dBty , « s the prices-have teen proportionally higher ; but af the reduction ha * drawn an increased proportion of * th ^* upply to this country tendingio reduce . the ultimate coat , the price , would have been infinitely higher than it is . The reduction of the stamps has ; rcorked well ) and instead of entailing a loss , whichjalt the minitnumf h ^ r lre ckoned at 37 , 000 t , tfie ' revenue has increased from 88 , 1 B 98 , OOOZ to 124 , 637 , 000 / . The collection of the income-tax is
rather behind , in consequence of charges , arising from , tfie extension . The Irish taar has yielded a larger amount than he expected—^ 480 , 000 L instead of 460 , 000 / . ; the spirit duty in , Scotland less ,, in eonseq ^ uencer of temperance agitation ; the succession tax will not exceed his original estimate , 500 , 000 ? . The actual receipts in all fftvnches have exceeded the estimates ? the customs ,, which were t&ken at ^ 0 , 680 , 000 / ., -reitliout any reference po the leduetions of duty , have yielded 2 O , 600 , <) OOJ . ; . the excise , without allowance for the abolition of'the soap duty bas yielded , instead of 14 ^ 640 , 000 / ., no less than 15 , 170 , 000 / . ; the income-tax yields 5 , 700 , 0001 instead
of 5 , 550 , 000 ? . ; post-oflice , ' 1 , 042 , 000 / . instead of 900 , 000 / . ; crown lands , miscellaneous , old stores , aH show an increase . The total receipt , estimated at 32 , 990 , 000 / ., has , notwithstanding the remission of duty to the amount of i , 483 , 000 ? ., yielded 54 , 250 , 000 / ., a net increaie of l , Q 38 , OdoZ ., irrespectivejy of the reductions on the original showing . The Burplus of income over expenditure would be 2 , 854 , 000 / , on the 5 th of April next . On the basis of the past , Mr . Gladstone estimated the revenue for the ensuing year , making allowance for the reduction of taxes as they will take effect , and also for the increase of prices as affecting consumption ; he went over all the items , takinerthem a little
under their present amount , and calculated the total at 53 , 349 , 000 / . In reference to the funded debt , he first noted a slight improvement in the charge , reduced from 27 , 570 , 000 / . to 27 , 000 , 000 / ., the larger part of the difference , 312 , 000 / ., is due to Mr . Goulburn ' s act of 1844 ; the remainder to the extinction of the South Sea , &c , Stocks . The principal heads of the expenditure , he stated thus : charges on the consolidated fund , 2 , 460 , 000 / . ; army , 6 , 857 , 000 / . ; navy . 7 , 488 , 000 / . ; ordnance , 3 , 846 , 000 / . ; commissariat , C 45 . 000 / . ; miscellaneous , 475 , 000 / . ; militia , 530 , 000 / . ; packet service , 792 , 000 / . The last item shows a diminution of 8 O 0 U / ., and is the only item that does show a diminution .
It became necessary to provide for the war in the East . He sought to do so in as specific a form as possible . If Government were to ask for a definite sum , they might be told to wait until they could measure tho necessity ,- they liad endeavoured to do so . So far as it had at present shown , it is asking Parliament only for such sum as is necessary for preparations actually undertaken . The force leaving our shores , estimated at 25 . 000 men , which , at the
rate of 50 / . a head , makes 1 , 250 , 000 / ., added to the original expenditure , that would make the total expenditure for tho year , f ) G > , l 89 , 000 / ., leaving on the whole expenditure of the y « tir 1854-5 a deficiency of not less timn 2 , 840 , 000 / . Tho totul of the augmentations which liud already been made , including tho increnso of the army , would amount to l , : j () 7 , 00 C )/ ., eating up the surplus , and leaving a to till deficiency of 2 , 840 , 000 / .
Mr . Gladstone then proceeded to deal with a question of the greatest importance , and to announce a new policy with regard to meeting war expenses .
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Citation
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Leader (1850-1860), March 11, 1854, page 218, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse2.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct2029/page/2/
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