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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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SPAIN—CUBA . The Queen has opened the Cortes in a -speech expressive of her public virtues and her general confidence in everything . All passed off quietly . " I am informed , " saystlie Madrid correspondent of the Morning Chronicle , " that the Spanish Government have returned a negative answer to Lord Howden ' s demand that they would declare the slave-trade to be piracy , and that the reason alleged for their Tefusal to do so is the impossibility they feel of doing anything to add to the discontent which exists in Cuba—a declaration whieli is considered tantamount to saying that the slave-trade must continue , because the Cuban proprietors require its continuance , which I have heard , in . fact , roundly stated . The truth is , that no measure short of declaring that traffic piracy , and treating it as such , will put a stop to it ; and the interests concerned in its continuance are Tery little affected by all that its opponents can do short of that . Meanwhile , General Concha , Governor-General ¦ of Cuba , is doing all he can toiprepare the way among the Cubans . "
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BALTIC POLITICS . Expectation in Sweden is now directed to the approaching discussion in the Parliament on the neutrality credits . Should the Court succeed in obtaining these credits , in addition to the large Sums it has in its hands , it will not be compelled to -assemble the Parliament next year , and will have the game in its own hands . What this game is , and lias been from the beginning , we know . It is a Eussian alliance , an armed . Prussian-Swedish-Danish , coalition , which undertakes the duty of shielding the Eussian shores , while the'Czar carries on active Operations . The northern nations are ndw beginning to fathom the intrigue , and , in spite of the threats of
Berlin , are breaking loose . Denmark has taken the first step , assured that the Allies will not allow Prussians or Austrians to meddle in the Duchies , or to abolish the Danish constitution , that dreadful thorn in the side of the German powers and of the Czar . "Sweden will move next . It will cost the Court a TiaTd battle to gain the credits , and , even if it succeed , public attention is now awaked , and will dog 'them at every step . In "this , as in many other questions , -We are only at the beginning . The " next campaign in the Baltic will "be very different from the last . In Copenhagen , all is as usual , and must remain
So till the meeting of the new Parliament on the 1 st < jf December The nation is admirably cool and good-Jiatured . It will take no illegal steps . It obeys the law . At this moment the law is expressed and represented by the Parliament ; but should the ministry become public traitors , should any attempt be made to overturn the public institutions , to destroy the Parliament altogether , or to octroy a despotic form of Government , then the Parliament and people Vill be one , and will stand or fall together . Should Danish , liberty fall , great will be the fall thereof , and the power and policy of the Allies will be seriously hampered in the ruins .
King Frederick VII . ' s visit to the Duchies is everywhere being turned into a Schleswig-Holstein demonstration against the kingdom of Denmark , that monarchy of which -Schleswig has always formed a part .
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BILL ROBBERIES AT NEWCASTLE-ONTYNE . Two men , Joseph Xaing and Thomas Martin , have been arrested for atteinptingto pass bank post-bills , the property of Messrs . Walker , of Newcastle . Laing induced an old mnh , named Wolfe , to present one of the bills ( for 20 O / . ) at the Cumberland and Durham District Bank . Mr . Watson , the clerk , informed him that the bill could not be cashed in that way , but said that it might bo loft in the bank to bear interest , and that Laing might have an advaiiCG upon it , provided the old man brought a written order from him . This was done , and on his return to the bank he reoeived . OOZ . in cash and a
receipt for the remaining 15 O < , deposited . Lanig tfmd Martin left the same evening for London . On Tuesday Laing "wan ted to turn his receipt for 1501 . into oasli , and applied to Glyn and Co ., the agents of the Northumberland Bank , but was told that the money could not be paid upon tho security of tlie ¦ document , but that ho would have to procure n bank post-bill . Ills attempt to procure this led to tho immediate apprehension of himsolf and Martin . No proof could be brought against Martin , but ho was detained in consequence * of a lottor addressed to Messrs . Walker being found on him . Laing was committed .
In tho meantime it jremains a mystery how tho bills and letters came into tho possession of Laing ; whether they have boon stolon on tho railway , in tho post-ofilco , or from the clerk in convoying them from tho post-olDco to Meaara . Walkor , no one can toll .
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ANTI-SLAVERY CONFERENCE . A conference of the friends of the anti-slavery cause , convened under the auspices or the committee of the British and Foreign Anti-Slavery Society , will be held at the London Tavern , Bishopsgate-street , on the 29 th iind 30 th inst . This conference is to be held in pursuance to a resolution passed at the Anti-Slavery Conference held in Edinburgh in October , 1853 , on the occasion of the meeting of the Peace Congress . The specific object of the forthcoming conference , according to the terms of the resolution above referred to , is "to consider what united action should be adopted to promote abolition of slavery . " We understand that many important questions will be mooted , including a consideration of the present aspect of the anti-slavery question , as a public question in England ; the results of emancipation in the English and French colonies ; the progress of the anti-slavery cause in other countries ; the present position of Cuba , in relation to the United States and emancipation ; the project of the Southern paTty in the United States ; the various instrumentalities that may be employed ; the development of the natural resources of those countries dapable of raising the staples chiefly raised by graves ; and on the holding another World ' s Anti-Slavery < Convention , &c . &c .
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EMIGRATION . This is a fact for the Know-nothings : —" Ten thousand emigrants arrived in New York on the 23 rd and 24 th of October . " At tlie meeting of the guardians of the Gahvay Union , on Friday , a letter was rend from Mr . Buchanan , Government emigration agent in Quebec , in which he states that the prospects of emigrants in Upper Canada are very favourable , and that females readily obtain good situations in that province . The Nation discourages what it incorrectly supposes to be an Irish reactionary tendency in America —to return —giving the discouragement on grounds worth attention for general reasons : —
" Nevertheless , owing to the condition of Ireland , and the unfortunate insecurity of the tenure of land , the time has not yet arrived when it would be advisable for any large number of Irish emigrants to return to Ireland , unless , indeed , they could Tmy land instead of hiring it . As a contemporary , the Daily Express , observes : — ¦' No permanent change for the better can be effected until such time as a limit is fixed to the ultra power of the priests . ' Uut he -means to say landlord * . The social amelioration of Ireland can alone be completed when that is the case . As it has been observed , the man who leaves the life of a beggarly farmer in Ireland , or a precarious labourer in England , to find employment in the United States , exchanges not only sky but soul . He becomes his own master , looks to have a voice in the election of his representative , and can , if he likes , stand upon his - own land , no one making him afraid- "
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DKEADT-Ut . MOKTAtiTV ON BoAItD EwiORA ^ T SHirS . —The ship J . R , Gilchrist , from Liverpool , arrived at New York on the 22 nd ult ., lost the carpenter , Mr . A . Brandt , of Boston , by cholera , on tho passage , besides 13 others , supposed passengers . The ship Jacob A . Westervelt , also arrived on the same day from Liverpool , had 30 deaths on the passage . The naturo of the disease is not mentioned . The packet ship West Point , Captain " Williams , arrived on the 28 rd from Liverpool , lost 18 passengers and two of her seamen by ehoWn , the
disease making its appearance on the 5 th ult ., when 13 days out . Owing to sovoml others of the crew being sick "with the disease , the pumps had to be manned by the passengers , to ke ' op the vessel free , slw having sprung a leak in a gale . The clipper Bliip Governor Morton , arrived on the 21 th from Liverpool , lost 34 . of hur passengers by cholera on the passage . The ship Edgar P . Stringer , arrived on the 25 th from Havre , reports having 28 deaths on the passage from cholera . The South Carolina , also arrived at Now York from Rotterdam , had 60 deaths on tho voyage .
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THE TYNK AND WEAR SHIPWRIGHTS . This Tyne and Wear shipwrights , about eighteen hundred workmen , are now out on strike ; the Sunderland men turned out of the yards about a month ago , immediately upon the masters giving them notice of a . reduction of Is . a day in their wages , fJOs . a week instead of 3 ( 5 s . ; and the Tyno men , who had been contributing ( id . ench man for the support of those out of work at Sunderlund , upon iihoir masters giving tliein notice of a similar reduction . Tlio Tyno men wore mostly employed at old work ,
repairing ships , whilst tho Sundyrland shipwright *) were exclusively engaged in now shipbuilding-, and they allege that tho Tyno masters have turned thoin out beonuso thoy contributed to tho support of tho Sunderland men . The largo and important section of workmen employed in iron shipbuilding o « tho Tyno have received no notice of a reduction , and aro in lull work . Neither have tho nhlpwriglits of Itlyth or Hartlopool received notice of a reduction If they should , it is intimated that they wilL ulso turn out . Thu strike , to ull upponrance , tliroutciiH to bo un obstinate one .
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RUSSIA VEIiSUS AUSTRIA . The Augsburg Gazette ( to be trusted moderately ) gives particulars of the relative military strength of the two Empires : — " Without reckoning the reserves of tlie line , tlie six corps -which the Czar has established against the Austrian frontier from the Vistula to the mouths of the Danube , have a total strength of 288 , 000 infantry , 30 , 000 cavalry , and about 18 , 000 soldiers of the artillery and engineer corps . This enormous mass of troops stand at present opposed to only the Austrian mobile army under Baron Hess , tlie strength of which at the present moment maybe stated at 220 , 000 men , with 300 field guns . Should circumstances render it desirable , this army
might be reinforced by the 34 , 000 men ami 800 field guns of Marshal Wimpffen ' s army corps , at present standing in Bohemia . This corps might be joined by detachments -which the Ban of Croatia and Field-Marshal Radetsk y could send by railway . The entrance of the Russian guards into "Warsaw would be the signal for concentrating these Bohemian troops , and raising them to a strength of 120 , 000 men , with 200 gnins . Inasmuch as we may suppose that a part of Prince Gortdiakoff ' s force in the delta of the Danube would be held in check by Omar Pasha , the Russian and Austrian , armies would . meet in nearly equal strength . If thus ( lie Russians were disposed to hold their carnival in Vienna , they would have first to obtain the consent of the Austrian
army . This latter is now morally in a condition to accomplish great things . It is youthful , elate , and proud of its recent history ,- it is full of enthusiasm for its young emperor , and knows that -when it goes to battle , it will see the Emperor mount his charger . "
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A DELICATE QUESTION . OrjR clever Indian ( Agra ) contemporary , the Mofussilite , deals thus with an odd topic of the Indian day .- — " Some of the Calcutta papers are . indulging in a controversy upon the subject of the classification of railway passengers . It is suggested on the one side that there shall be separate carriages for Europeans and Natives , and the expediency of such an arrangement is urged on the ground that there are natural and artificial perfumes , peculiar to or patronised by , a large class of natives , ¦ which the noses polito of Europeans do not particularly affect . On the other hand it is urged , we believe , that a distinction of the kind , would be an insult to the entire Native community , and disgraceful to an enlightened age .
" Our readers are of course sensible persons—or they would not be our readers—and we asktliem in all frankness and good faith -whether—to use an appropriately Eastern word—the last assertion is not all bonh ? Wo have notoriously liberal views upon Indian subjects— -a little less liberal perhaps than when we first came out , with our fine English faith and hope—but we certainly do not go so far as the promulgators of tlie above opinion . It seems very remarkable in fact , that , while we are so > illiberal as to diner with tho Natives of India upon such a question as Religious Fuith , we should shrink from separating ourselves from thorn in a matter of mere con ~ vennnce which a Master of the Ceremonies might decide . Perhaps it may bo impolite , and unworthy of un
enlightened age , not to believe in Brahma ; perhaps it may not bo in accordance with good brooding to decline accepting Mahomed us a prophet . Judged by such a . standard we are all contented to bo unenlightened and ill bred , and shall be forgiven even by the Indian Reform Society for being so . If Brahma , or Mahomed happened to bo existent and dcult in cottons and ear |> i ; tH , Kir . Oobdon and Mr . Bright would doubtless Iind thoia to bo as enlightened us the Kiupm'or of Russia , and would consider that not to belluvu in one , or both of them , would be unworthy the spirit of thu sigo . \ V * j should find Mr . Cobdon , poi'liaps , suspended by liis Haulm from n liook , while ho roiulu the Mornbii ) Adixu'tLw . r ( as if this last was not vnt . hor llui worse penaiiuo of the two ) find treasure- up ivhrtt ho calls ' facts . '
" " or oursolvos , wo confess to not , being so advanced ns these gonUomnn , and to boing indisposed to warm ourselves in tho cotton of Mr . Oobdon'H political creed , or to bring finish barbarities upon tho t fifth in which Mr . Bright deals with nufth bucchsh . Therefore , wo hold , that uonsidcrring our wklo , moral and religious separation from the Natives of India—a separation of ere . od , colour , moo , and habits--tlii ! more Reparation in railway carnages is a very minor mutter . ' Wo are fnw—and particularly easy—to > conform that tlio proximity and
habits of Europeans would 1 m as llfctki In < i ««; onlancu with Native ideas as tho perfumes and . pawn , natural and adopted , of Natives aro to lOuropoaiin . Tlmro can . be no doubt that , the spoot . ndu of a fturojxmn tffinHuman , oaling ham sandwichns ( an Jristanun urgt ) it by tlio Afi / ni hi' / Chmnidc . ) is not « tfi-atifyiiitf sight to cllhcr IUndoo or TVlalionnMlan ; y < il auuli tiling rimy bo wit-Tie . isod , and tho enjoyimint of tlio Hiitlnli sanilwidi—m > iltsiir to the way-worn tniv < illnr—i « rmre . ly not , it , \ h % denied to thn Uritinh . Jonos . simply bocaums ho lives in « u
onlitflitonud ago . " Then tlid ' ro is another and much inoru Important point , ft lady being lltllo i » or « important , as ovor Hombny munt admit , than i \ 'hamjoandwlcli . Lndius
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November 11 , 1854 . ] THE LEADER . 1063
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Leader (1850-1860), Nov. 11, 1854, page 1063, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse2.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct2064/page/7/
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