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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION TO "® hc 3 Ual ) et . " For a Half-Year £ 0 13 0 To be remitted in advance . gST Money Orders should be drawn upon the Strand Branch Office , and be made payable to Mr . Aifeec EGailowat , at No . 154 , Strand . ^ NOTICES TO COBRESPON DENTS . The pressure of parliamentary matter compels us to omit several articles this week . R . A . B . —Received . During the Session of Parliament it is often impossible to find room for correspondence , even the briefest . No notice oaii be taken of anonymous communications . Whatever is intended for insertion must be authenticated by the name and address of the writer ; not necessarily for publication , but as a guarantee of his good faith . Communications should always be legibly written , and on one side of the paper only . If long , it increases the difficulty of finding space for them . , We cannot undertake to return rejected communications .
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Berlin , Thursday , May 24 . Advices from St . Petersburg to the 19 th state that all the fortified harbours in the Bay of Finland had been declared in a state of siege . . Seven prizes taken by the English arrived at Elsinore on the 22 nd .
Berlin , May 24 . The Gazette Prussienne says that the new conditions proposed through the mediation of Austria are : — A special treaty determining the number of ships , Kassian and Turkish , that shall be permitted to navigate the Black Sea . France and England to have the right to maintain two ships of war each in the Bosphorus . The Porte to communicate to the Allied Powers any treaty concluded with Russia .
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THE CONFIDENCE DEBATES . Ijp Cbomwell were alivo amongst us now he would cry , not " Take away that bauble , " the mace , but " Take away that rubbish , " the House . Imagine the people's representatives at a time when we have a great war on our hands , when we do not know our friends from our foes , and when there is a growing disgust among all classes at our rulers and our institutions ; imagine the elected Members of the People ' s House debating , not what they shall do , but what they shall say .
Mr . Latard had stood forward as a people ' s man ; ho had a resolution " on the state of the nation , " and ho gave way to Mr . Disraeli . Accusing Ministers of " ambiguous language and uncertain conduct , " the " Genius of the Epoch " set all the paltry factions gabbling in a squabble over halt a dozen motions of resolutions studiously ambiguous , in order to somo course of conduct still more studiously uncertain . Na man dares lay down the expression of his real conviction . Gladstone is totally against all war as " anti-Christian , "
but he has not the heart to challenge the House to affirm his resolution or reject it . The pure Whigs dread the war lest it rouse the nationalities—but they dare not go in the teeth of the people . Disraeli would close with Russia to-morrow , if by so doing he could put down the people , put out
Palmers ton , and be the INTesselkode of England . But Derby will not stand that inroad on " the families , " and GtRANbt sympathises with Gladstone—only Derby will not speak out his mind . What can they say that is " ambiguous and uncertain "—that is the grand thing which the factions compete to discover each for itself ?
But the fault is not all with " The Parliament . " Paltry as the House of Commons is , there is no power or class in the country less paltry . Our public men forget the English people . Class division cramps our " popular" members more than the Peers . A member holds that he " loses caste" by appealing direct to the people . The people doubt themselves—repine that the House possesses power , and " petition" for their " rights ; " forgetting that , as the civil law justly judges , there is
no such thing as " right" without independent self-asserted power . So Paimebston guesses what the people think , Hoebuck reports them , Lowe formulates the report in a resolution ; but not one communes directly with the people , not one enters the House backed by the people , not one deserves from the Commons of England more power than some in the same House do
from the Emperor of Prance—or from the Czar . Nero fiddled—but the fiddlling at all events was music : there is neither rhythm nor melody in the resolutions or speeches of the honourable House . The House , however , is what the people lets it be ; and if there are any men there who ought to know better and blush for their own impotence , they , too , share the disgrace of voluntary humiliation through cowardice .
You may think that you look down on Ministers : are you above them ? You may despise " the ambiguous language and uncertain conduct" of Palmerston : good ; take his measure , then , and easily excelspeak as stoutly and do more . That is what men of the English Commonwealth ought to do , and there is a way to do it . Unluckily we cannot say that it can be done without men .
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THE STATE OF FEELING IN THE COUNTRY . If the governing classes suffer themselves to fall into contempt through their mis-government of this country , it will not be entirely their own fault . They have many excuses —they are more ignorant than wilful—there is no desire to oppress . The class of Newcastles , claiming to do what they like with their own ; of Buckinghams , ambitious to be lords of the soil in theatrical pageantry if not in reality , has passed bj with the last generation . Lords and squires would do
well if they could . On the average , they have not more faculties than other men , but tliey are not worse . They have rather the " commendable ambition , " which Lord John Russell patronisingly ascribed to the Duke of Newcastle , than any wish to be bad . . The difficulty is that they do not know how to gratify their ambition ; and this is partly the result of accident , partly the fault of tho people to be governed . No . people can be Avell governed that is not prepared to vindicate its own importance ; because tho governors can have no respect for a tame people , no pride in ruling a tame people , and no assistance from tho resolutely-assorted wishes
of the people . The immense magnitude pf the population—a population not herding in tame submission like Hindoos , and not divided into " states" like Americans—creates a physical obstruction to a mutual knowledge on the part of the different provinH ?? s and classes . "' Self-government" is absolutely impossible in so large a community , — autocratic government we have not ; but we do have Tiap-hazard government , and official routine had become nearly independent of
public opinion . Go amongst the governing classes , and you are astounded at ' the ignorance that they display of the governed : they have as little acquaintance with tJ * e people as the people has of them . They form the most erroneous conceptions . You will hear opinions confidently expressed that the fchopkeeping classes , sunk in the desfre for gain , are absolutely indifferent on the subject of the war , and anxious only for peace because it is good for trade . You will
hear them say that the working-classes are " tranquil , " and therefore " satisfied ; " that the professional classes have no objects except to gain such height in their profession as will bring them within the range of official employment . The governing classes judge the people by those straggling adventurers who come within their range , just as foreigners judge the English by the hybrids of Brussels or Boulogne . " He has no heart for the war ;" say the vulgar of Lord Palmerston , " he is
only desirous of patching up an ignominious peace . " "The shopocracy , " says some associate of Lord Palmerston , "is perfectly indifferent to the honour and glory of . England , and is only impatient for us to pateh up an inglorious peace . " " Now it so happens that we know something of the facts in both cases , and we believe that the present crisis has had the effect of calling forth something more like an English spirit than we have witnessed for a quarter of a century at least . From the sycophants , who represent the middle as well as the
working-classes , to the governors , we have that deliberate lying which is only possible with voluntary ignorance . If some Haboun Al-Raschid of Downing-streetwould go upon his travels in omnibus or coffee-shop in the great towns of the factory districts , or the agricultural centres , he would find one feeling and one feeling alone . It was well expressed the other night by Mr . Roebuck : people suspect that Government intends to compromise the war , feel excessively indignant at the idea of such treachery , and are anxious for an energetic advance of the British flag . It is the talk of omnibuses , go they to Brompton or Bayswater , to Bethnal Green or
Brixton . It is the same throughout the provinces We have had occasion to know their sentiments in detail . Let us take specimens Birmingham has spoken out for itself , manfully and early , on the-subject of the war ; Newcastle had been before it ; Sheffield accompanying . Here Ministers are universally denounced because they are not believed to be in earnest when they talk of upholding national honour . In Manchester , no doubt , the state of polities is thrown into groat conh
fusion by the position of the BorougMembers " . Mr . Milnkr Gibson and Mr . John Bright possess claims upon tho Anti-Oom-Law party which are not to be forgotten . They ire associated with tho tradttional sacrifices of that party , and tho respect for them cannot be cancelled by the differences of tho day . There are many people in Manchester who wholly dissent from the ( Quakeris m of Mr . Bin out or tho oconomism tit Mr Gibson , but who would hesitate to come forward and pass a vote of consume on those Members because they like them-on
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Max 26 , 1855 . ] T H E L E A D E B . J ^
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Advices from Bayonne of the 23 rd state that a Carlist conspiracy had heen discovered at Saragossa . On the 22 nd , an ex-Carlist chief , who had entered the Queen ' s service after the Convention of Bergara , deserted with sixty men of the garrison . Troops of the line and militia had gone in pursuit . Navarre and the Basque provinces are tranquil . THE BALTIC . Letters from the Baltic state the official information had reached the British Consul at Elsinore that the Russian government had given orders to sink all their men-of-war at Cronstadt , except eight sail of the line . Small-pox was raging very badly on board the Duke of Wellington and the Arrogant .
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There is nothing so revolutionary , because there is nothing so unnatural and convulsive , aa the strain to keep things fixed when all the world is by the very law of its oreation in eternal progress . — ~ Da . Arnold
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Mi SATURDAY , MAT 26 , 1855 .
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Citation
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Leader (1850-1860), May 26, 1855, page 493, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse2.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct2092/page/13/
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