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the Western Powers , as she probably will , the day of r ?! J ^ n be only deferred . For the war will not be cSSeutu t witbfhe Smoothness of a sham fight . The SndSSons of the conflict are such that all nations who vtilue their existence will be engaged on one side or the other- and the giant straggle will not close without d Rearrangement of the map of Europe . The Western Powers have really taken up arms to maintain the principle of nationality ; to secure a platform for the new industrial asra which has opened on the world ; and to enforce their decisions of the true principles of international law ; The Russian principle of despotism and conquest , and the industrial principle of Western Europe , are incompatible and cannot coexist . Whatever nation cuts athwart the progress of these newly-constituted facts is doomed to fall before them . Let any impartial observer say in what category the German monarchies stand . Any way , then , fighting with or fighting against the Western Powers , Austria , as it is , cannot endure . The wrongs which have been so long inflicted on the nations of Europe by the agents of despotism are now pressing , by the consummate autocracy of Russia , upon Turkey , England , and France ; and in asserting and enforcing their own rights against personal dictation , it will be impossible for those powers to refuse the rights of others . Sooner or later all the nations cherishing the common principles of nationality , industry , and public right , will find themselves by the force of gravitation ranged with us . In this way Sweden and Denmark on the flank of Europe , and Sardinia and Switzerland on the other , backed by England and France , must enter the arena . The line of battle will form a vast chain of defence of unequalled strength , with its left wing in Norway , its centre in the Alps , and its right wing on the Danube . Austria , if shut out , is doomed to destruction ; Austria included , must submit to the conditions of the confederacy . The convention between England and France is open to the assent of other Powers ; but they must subscribe to the object of that convention , the securing upon solid and durable bases of the peace of Europe . One of the disturbing forces in Europe is Austria , which holds in thrall two nations , Italy and Hungary ; and those two countries will never consent to leave the bases of peace secure while they are denied their national rights . Some day , when the West is victorious over the North , there will be a congress , and the securities of peace will be taken . Is it possible to conceive that Austria , at that time , will not be forced to undergo great modification ? On the day that she refuses to assent to the solid guarantees of peace demanded by the Western Powers ; on the day that she resists , and determines to stand upon her present footing , that day will be the day for -unfurling the Italian tricolor . Under present circumstances an Italian movement would be a waste of force . The highest , the noblest , the truest patriotism , dictates to the Italian people the duty of waiting . The day of Italy must come ; and that day will be when Austria's embarrassment furnishes Italy ' s opportunity .
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SbpteMBBB 8 , 1855 ] THE IEADEB . 859
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CONTINENTAL NOTES . Thk " New Sort of Despotism . "—M . Paul Meurice , the dramatic author , wrote a drame-spectaele for the Porte St . Martin to form a special attraction during the Great Exhibition season . He selected the history of France for hia subject , which he divided into four epochs , the first being France ( or Gaul ) in the days of Julius O « 33 ar , and the last being the Great Revolution . The name of the drame was Paris ; as the " Metropolis of Humanity . " The drame was in due course submitted to the censorship , and with some excisions it passed through that ordeal , and was produced with groat magnificence : a sum double , we believe , of that spent by Mr . Charles Kean on the production of Henry VIII . being lavished on a series of the most gorgeous tableaux . Just as the play was underlined in the bills for immediato production , the manager of the theatre , M . Fournier , received an intimation from ** authority" that a tableau representing the first Empire must bo added to the drume . M . Fournier , who could not choose between a loss of 6000 / . and compliance with the injunctions of " authority , " wrote to M . Paul Meurioe , requesting him to write a tableau of the Empire . But M . Paul Mourice , being a conscientious republican , with Homo sense of the dignity of authorship , positively declined to do anything of the kind . " It is one thing , " he said , " to mutiluto my drama , another to compel me to add to it . " So M . Founder was fain to sit down in despair to write two Hcenes commemorative of the Empire . Whereupon M . Paul Meurice insisted that , in the event of the drama's success , his name should be withheld . Accordingly , on the first night , to loud calls for the author , M . Fournior « ame forward , und stated that the " author desired to remain anonymous . " But after tho play had run some | weeks , M . Fournier put tho author ' s name in tho bills , and M . Paul Meurice , after vain remonstrances , brought an action against him for this infraction of an agreement . Tho facts we have roluted caino out in the oourae of the trial . Tho French provincial journals speak of a very violent aLtAok Of nhnlnrn nl SiuiU « mntt . Tim nowriar ( lit Baa
Rhin says : —" The commune of Soultzmatt , situated at the bottom of a pretty and salubrious little valley , reckons a population of three thousand souls , of whom the half ( including all the visitors to the waters ) have already taken flight , driven away by cholera . The scourge has raged to such a degree that in one week alone there were one hundred and forty deaths in Soultzmatt . The burials are on an average from fifteen to twenty per day ; and such was the terror felt , that there was a moment when it might be said that the dead wereleft unburied . The old cure" of Soultzmatt , M . Henrich , died a martyr to the discharge of his holy duty of assisting and comforting the sick . " Cholera still rages in Central Italy and in Gallicia . In Northern Italy , the virulence of the disease has somewhat abated . The Augsburg Gazette has an article on " The Situation , " which would seem to have been inspired by the Austrian Government . The writer states that , had Russia rejected the Austrian terms , Austria would have gone to war with her , but only on condition that England and France " should send as powerful an army against Russia as her own — namely , 300 . 000 men in the field , and a reserve of 250 , 000 . " There is no doubt that the object of this stipulation was to provide a plausible excuse to Austria for shirking her engagement . A Spanish Royal decree of August 23 rd dissolved the Colonial Consultative Junta , and instituted a new one in its place , composed of thirty members , chosen from among the most eminent personages of the monarchy , whose functions are to be gratuitous and honorary . General Manuel de la Concha is to preside over the new Junta in the absence of the Minister . Among its members are the Duke de Sotomayor , M . Salustiano de Olozaga , M . Paoheco , the Duke del Union , &c . The subscriptions to the Spanish loan of 250 millions now amount to 115 millions . The reform of the tariff is being compiled . It is proposed to reduce the duty on cotton goods . The duty on paper and on wood is to be suppressed . Fourteen of the Spanish brigands who recently stopped and robbed the stage coaches at night have been captured . The fifteenth is supposed to have escaped into France . Five men of the band of Hierros have been likewise captured . General Ruiz , the Captain General of Burgos , has pardoned two individuals belonging to a band of-assassins , who had come to Burgos for the purdose of murdering him . The Carlists are again making disturbances in Catalonia , but not to any serious extent . The Austrian Lloyd is about to establish a more direct communication between Trieste and Constantinople . The vovage will be accomplished in somewhat less than six days . The King of Prussia ' s disease is said to be dropsy on the chest ; and his medical advisers are inclined to think that the present slight improvement in his health will not be of long duration . In the meanwhile he is extremely peevish and irritable . The King of Denmark is said to be suffering from a similar disease . The Duke de Montpensier , it is said , has been ordered by the Spanish Government to quit the Austrian territory at once , on account of hia recent interview with the Count de Chambord . Queen Maria Christina , whose ordinary residence in France is Malmaison , left for Dieppe some short time before the arrival of the Queen of England in Paris , returning after her departure . The formation of an Anglo-Italian Legion , with its head-quarters at Novara , has led to a diplomatic correspondence between the Cabinets of Vienna and London ; but it would appear that there has been no misunderstanding . The Times Vienna Correspondent writes : — " A Turin correspondent of the Independance Beige recently said that the ' recruiting bureau' for the Anglo-Italian Legion was , at the demand of Austria , to bo removed from Novara to some place at a greater distance from the frontiers , but it is stated here that a second bureau is to be established at Susa , which is near Mont Cenis , and consequently on tho frontiers of Savoy . The Austrian Cabinet is certainly well aware that neither France nor England entertains any idea of aiding or abetting the disturbers of tho peace of Italy , but the military authorities in tho Lombardo-Venetian provinces seem to be afraid of their own shadows . " It is said that Austria refuses to interfere on behalf of the Pope , in his quarrel with Sardinia and Spain . A letter from Copenhagen of tho 80 th ult . says : — " Tho King has addressed a rescript to the Diet , in which tie expressly declares that civil liberties , such as tho liberty of worship , of tho proas , and of association , shall remain completely within the control of the Diet , oven after tho carrying into effect of tho Constitution common to all the monarchy ; and lie guarantees to the Diet its constitutional rights in questions which exclusively concern Denmark . The Landathing has formed a committee charged to Ax tho epoch at which tho modifications of the Constitution shall coma into effect . Tho members of tho committee belong , for tho most part , to the Liberal Ministerial party . From St . Petersburg wo hear that tho Emperor has given permission to Count Nosselrodo to travel . A great ( ire has broken out at Moscow , which lasted twenty-four hours .
AN IRISH ROMANCE OF REAL LIFE . The materials for romance will never be extinct as long as Ireland remains Irish . Cases of disputed possession — lost sons of uohility coming to light in the backwoods of America—abductions by moonlight nnd by daylight—agrarian outrages and mysterious murders —duels , intrigues , and love-making , without endall working under a perpetual shadow of secret priestly influence , —here are materials sufficient for a whole circulating library of exciting three-volume novels . But a story to the full as strange has recently come to light at the Bungarvan Pettv Sessions . At present , the names are suppressed , which renders the incidents all the more romantic ; but the facts are these : — A merchant of Dungarvan was coming back from the National Bank , when a woman standing at a door asked to speak to him . He excused himself on account of hurry ; but lie was ultimately persuaded to go into the house , and was conducted into a small back room on the first floor , in which there was no one but a child . In : i little while , however , a man rushed into the room with a pistol in his hand . Tliis individual cocked the pistol , presented it at the bead of the merchant , and swore that he would shout him unless he acknowledged the child to be his own . The merchant , according to his own account , was enabled to look down the barrel of the pistol , and to notice the wadding " within about an inch ot the top of it . " The woman here muttered something in answer to an appeal from the merchant ; upon which the man with the pistol fell into a great rage , and said that he would blow her brains out , and cut the child's throat across , if she did not again say , as she had said before , that the child was the offspring of the visitor . She then said as he wished . A paper was afterwards produced , which the merchant signed under threats of immediate death if he demurred . To an objection that he did not know what it was about , and could not read it , he w ; is in . such terror , the other replied that , if he did not read and sign it , " his skull would be off in one niimrte . " The pistol was presented at his temples all the time ho . was signing ; and , when he' had finished , he was required to sign it sixain . The document ran as follows—the names being now omitted : — " Dungarvan , August 8 , 1855 . " I , , having debauched , one of the orphan wards in my guardianship , and allowed her to marry , when I knew her to be in the family-way by me , and being now charged by her with such offence in her presence , and required by her to take away the and dispose of it at my own cost , and have it called aftei my name , that , beyond the fearful memory of it , it may be no more a nuisance and reproach to him , I hereby undertake the same forthwith . " To . ( Signed ) " . " The rest of the tale may be related in the words of the complainant himself , in giving his testimony at the Petty Sessions : — " After the paper was signed by me , defendant said , if I would take the child , there would be no more about it , I consented to do anything he liked , if he let me go . He then said I should call for the child before ten o ' clock that night , and if I did not do so he would call at my house the following day before I would be off my bed , and shoot me . I was then let go , and , when running out , I heard the defendant say to his wife — ' that he would make me pay for it , and make me disgorge . ' I did not go for the child on Monday night . On Tuesday morning I wrote a letter to defendant . —[ The letter was produced , on tho witness ' s cross-examination , and was an assertion of witness ' s innocence of the defendant ' s charge , and a request that it should not bo persevered in , or witness would lodge information , &c ] —I got no written reply to the letter . I sent tho letter by defendant's sister-in-law , between ten and eleven o'clock a . m ., and remained at homo about an hour and a half after I sent it , and then left home , fearing defendant might come and shoot me . I went to my father-in-law ' s , about twenty or thirty miles from Dungarvan , and stopped there two days . I was afraid to remain in town , not having got an answer to tho letter . I returned homo on the 16 th , about three or four o'clock p . m . I signed tho said papor writing for defendant , under fear of my life . I was never accused of tho paternity of tho child by defendant , or any other person , before the 18 th instant . I never had any improper intercourse or connexion with her before or after her marriage . Her father is dead . I am his executor , nnd in that capacity received about 515 / . sterling on tho 4 th of August , in Dublin I returned to this town from Dublin on the 7 th instant . " Tho trial is fixed for tho next Quarter Sessions at Dungarvan .
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OUR CIVILISATION . A Femam * Rukfian . -Mary Ann Liddon , at ' «[«»[ £ woman , was charged at Marlboroug h-streot with a vlo lout assault on Daniel Saumlora , in Crown-stroet Soho . Tho woman had taken apartments in hi- hauje , but having Introduced mon and women of tho moat dlsreput-
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Citation
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Leader (1850-1860), Sept. 8, 1855, page 859, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse2.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct2105/page/7/
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