On this page
-
Text (4)
-
Untitled Article
-
Untitled Article
-
Untitled Article
-
Untitled Article
Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
-
-
Transcript
-
Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
Additionally, when viewing full transcripts, extracted text may not be in the same order as the original document.
Untitled Article
Msized l > yMajor Nvsmyth—rAfter another short addrtas ^ oxa Mr . Sidaey iKerber ^ the meeting « epalated . : ;;¦ - ¦ <> ' ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦' ¦ ¦ ¦¦ ¦ ' ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦'¦' - ' >• . " v ¦¦ : - ' '¦ ' "¦ . . is : ,. v muai « Al > SXlbNE . <> irOOtONISAXIOWi ¦ ,. ¦ - ' TheIate > GhaneeHor of the Exchequer has been addressing a number of working , men , constituting the committee of . a literary : institution at Hawarden , North Wales , on the subject of onr colonies . Having called attention to the fact that , in the fif teen years following the close of the last war , the average of emigration rose from 20 , 000 to 80 , 000 a year , while in 1854 alone the , emigration from these shores reached the astounding number of 323 , 000 ,- declining a ^ ain considerably during the nine months of the that the
present year =- * having ; , moreover , premised entire area of our colonial possessions is set down at 4 , 000 , 000 square miles , only oneithird of the population in which can be said to be British—Mr . Gladstone examined the true utility of colonies , which he conceived to lie , not in the fact of their offering sources of revenue , or of their extending our material dominion , and consequently enhancing our prestige , but in their providing a vent for our surplus population . The speaker remarked upon the infatuation which people have for gold mines—an ironstone mine not exciting their imaginations half so much , though gold only represents value , while ironstone is the value itself . He denounced the system of monopoly by which , in former times , the mother
country oppressed her rising colonies , out of a selfish fear of competition ; and ridiculed the dread which some entertain that , should the colonies be allowed to . govern themselves and collect their own revenue , they might tax articles which ve require ns food . Neither did he agree with the opinion that , if England were stripped of her colonies , she would inevitably fall . England ' s greatness depends , not upon the number or the extent of her foreign , possessions , but rather -upon her internal resources . Colonisation is of inestimable advantage in easing the pressure on the home labour market . Those who remain behind are thus enabled to obtain better wages ; and , as the interests of capital and labour are reciprocal , the capitalist also , is benefited : . . ... .
" By colonisation , we make sure markets for our manufactured goods , increase the demand for ships-for the transport of those goods , and , , of course ,. improve the shipping trade- . . . „ The Greeks-werer the first , and- prolrably the * 'best , colonisers ; for they might be said almost to carry the colonies with them . These people used quietly to settle wherever they wished , and the home State rarely took further notice of them ; and yet some of the colonies established in this primitive manner grew in all the requisites that constitute great States , until they became equal in many particulars , to the mother country , and were her best support . The
Romans , in their day » pursued a different policy . Their colonisation was conquest , and perhaps England may be said to have followed too much the example of ancient Rome in this particular . It may be right , however , to exclude the colonial policy of Oliver Cromwell and Charles II . from this remark , for the system pursued by them was less tyrannous and bore with less hardship upon the colonist than the policy adopted by this country during the last sixty years . " Mr . Gladstone concluded by glancing at the unjust treatment of Canada trliich led to the insurrection of 1837 , and by expressing a hope that the future colonial policy of England will be candid , honest , and wise .
Untitled Article
Mb . BRACEBBiDaE , who has recently returned from Scutari , has delivered an address at St . Mary ' Hall , Coventry , on his experiences in the English hospitals in the East . His narrative confirmed the accounts already derived from newspaper correspondents and from ¦ the evidence before the Sebastopol Committee respecting the fearful condition of those establishments at the early period of the war . Tins Tenant League . —A meeting of the " Tenant League" was held on Tuesday , at Dublin , for the purpose , as set forth , " of adopting an address to the people
Sir Jambs Kay SBxrrsiJEWonTB , on > Monday evening , addressed a tea party at Padiham , Lancashire , assembled to inaugurate the reopening of -the- schools , which had been dosed for the sake of making extensive alterations . The speaker , spoke highly 4 > f'the good effects of Sundayschools , and , with respect to Government grants , observed : ^— The question had been raised in Parliament as to how the principle of local management could be brought to bear , aud that had raised the question of a public rate . It had been discussed in various forms , and at present it had not been received with much favour . His impression as to the difficulty of discussing this , question was , that , it had , npt arisen from that which had been the prominent . question out of doorsnamely , that the schools , were to be under the control of the religious communities , while the rate must be confided to the civil power—so much as from this , that he did not think , with respect to the great portion of the community , the subject bad come to be thoroughly understood , or had had that interest excited in it which it deserved . " - . - Waltham Agricultural Society . — This society had its annual dinner on Wednesday ; the Marquis of Granby in the chair . On the subject nearest to the hearts of his listeners , the chairman observed : — - '' He believed that the -harvest for the present year in England was barely au average one , - and on the continent it was rather under the average ; but he was glad to say that in America it had been abundant . At the present moment , the wants of France affected the corn-market iu this country to a very considerable extent . They there required over 2 , 0 , 00 , 000 quarters of wheat , aud the effect upon our market was by no means lessened by the fact that the Government of France had stepped in , and had undertaken to find some means of supplying the deficiency which existed . " Referring to the war , the Marquis expressed his dissent frqrn the opinion of its justice or necessity , and said that France and England , who had always beaten the Hussions , had nothing . to fear from the Czar . He believed that the war had been precipitated , by . the submarine telegraph , without which we should never have , rushed into hostilities . " War , however , had broken out , and the . Allied armies had behaved most nobly . Negotiations for peace , it was true , had taken place , one of the principal objects of which was the limitation of the Black Sea fleet . In his opinion , any treaty , ay hjeh mjght be framed the Emperor of Russia would not scruple to fun an express' trgjn through . . ' tfitt they not suppose that he would cause new ships of , war to be built , « nd have a magnificent fleet equipped before we could know anything at all about it ? The Black Sea fleet was limited now ; but how far had they advanced towards its permanent limitation ? .... They might fight for forty years , and each year gain battles equal to the Alma , but all would be of no avail , unless they came to some definite agreement with the Austrian Empire as to the limitation of Russian power , and they must hope for peace rather upon their own conviction of their power to resist Russia , and upon Russia ' s knowledge of that power , than upon any treaty which they could make , " After what the Marquis had previously said , this was rather a strange admission pf the justice and necessity of the war . The speaker alluded to Sir Archibald Alison ' s recent remarks on free trade and agricultural emigration , and signified his entire agreement with them . Chukch of England Central Association . —A meeting , having for its object the establishment of a Central Association for the advancement of the great religious societies of the Church of England , was held at Honiton on Tuesday . It was addressed by Mr . Justice Coleridge , Mr . Justice Patteson , and several other gentlemen .
of Ireland , and considering the steps that should be taken for the more active and vigorous promotion the tenant right cause . " The Very Rev . Dr . Kearney , pariah priest , Kilkenny West , presided ; and the principal speakers were—Mr . Maguire , M . P ., Mr . G . H . Moore , M . P ; Mr-. TfiBtam Kennedy , M . P ., Mr . P . O'Brien , M . P ., Dr . Gray , Mr . Cantwell , Rev . Mr . Mullen , &c . The address was agreed to One of its main objects was to widen the basis of the Tenant-right agitation , and to make it include a reference to the church grievance question , and the emancipation of Ireland from the burden of the Established Church .
Free ' Trade : and ttie JVonKiNo Classes . —Mr . T . G . Tuck , a magistrate of Norfolk , recently stated at an . agricultural-meeting-that one of tho evil results of free trade 1 might be seen in the reckless expenditure it had encouraged among the 1 working classes ! Lord < STAHLBYTpTBsidod on Tuesday evening at the optMtag of the new premises of the liolton Mechanics ' Institution , and addressed the mooting' on tho subject of tlio&ey phyeical ttrid 1 intellectual improvements which are required ' by » U large towns ouch as Bolton .
Untitled Article
ANOTHER SUNDAY M EETING I N HYDE PARK . The Sunday gatherings in the course of last July for the purpose of opposing Lord Robert Grosvonor ' s Sabbatarian Bill seem to have taught the working classes a practical use for the parks ; for on last Sunday we had a renewal of those rough assemblages which three months ago kept the West End in a state of excitement and alarm for several successive weeks . The occasion , howover , was different , the object this time being to consult upon the present high price of bread , and to take measures for bringing about a change . At two o ' clock , large bodies of working men , including several members of that order which looks to every popular demonstration for tho means of mischief , made their way to the park ; and by three o ' clock it is supposed that some five thousand persons had collected . A largo police force was present ; but tho ofllcers did not interfere . Two immense rings having been formed by tho people , a bearded individual , described us a carpenter , occupied tho centre of one of thorn , and addressed the crowd . Ho said he wad a hard-working man , and that it was no vain desire for popularity that h « d induced him to leave his large family on the Sabbath for tho purpose of meeting his follows iu Hyde Park ; it was because he believed he had it in his power to help his fellow-countrymen to a right understanding of the purpose for which they had as , Bombled . After two of' the most plenteous harvests
that evet blessdd the earth ; bread was a ^ famine pyic > s . The war was Eet forth as the cause of tnia . ' Ifr wasipo such thing . There was plenty of corn m Turkey , which , could be imported at 20 s . a-quarter- and yet Russian corn at 73 s . per quarter was permitted fo ' be brought over . But the abundance which Providence had befen pleased to grant us was intercepted by a combinationJof farmers , who artificially kept up the price or" wbeatv and , by throwing the poor on parish relief , enhanced the taxation of the ratepayers . ¦ . ; : \ i « The next speaker was a journeyman biker , whd , described himself as a friend of the workihg-classeSj ^ but who defended the master bakers by stating that 'the high price charged by the millers for flour obliged the former to use potatoes and what is technically CaKed " stuff , " which is highly injurious . Having incautiously stated that , if he were a master baker , he shout ? ' be obliged to do the same in self-defence , since he could riot otherwise obtain a profit , he was met with cries of Down with him ! he wants to poison us ; " and a . rush ) was made at him by a number of lads With sticks in their hands . Struck with a panic , the man turned and' fled , pursued by the ' mob . He first ran towards Grosvenor Gate ; but Mr . Inspector Dargau advised him to make for the Marble Arch , which he did with all speed . After a hard run , he managed to get clear off , though , in the course of his f light he was tripped up several times . , "' This disturbance being at an end , another speaker held forth , and stated his opinion that the Government was as much to blame as the miller or the farmer . The simple fact , he said , was this—the Government had not been able to raise 76 , 000 extra militiamen , and they had induced the farmers to keep up the price of wheat , so that the labouring classes were half-starved , and , in order to get a bellyful of food , they were glad to enlist in the militia or go for regular soldiers . He maintained that it was a positive fact , . , when , they met again ,, if it was desired , he could prove it . Mr . Cobdien , who ,, at one time had done a great deal of good , has since' insulted the working classes by neglecting them ; and free trade , as at present carried out , was of no value to the poor . The speaker concluded by congratulating jhe meeting on the suceess of their Sunday demonstrations against the Sabbath Trading Bill , &c , and anticipated a similar result for their present agitation . —Finally , a resolution was carried , pledging those present to another gathering , on the ensuing Sunday ( to-morrow ) .
Untitled Article
LOUIS BLANCTS REPLY , TO THE " TRIUMVIRATE . " The anticipated reply of Louis Blanc to the manifesto put forth by Kossuth , Xicdru Rollin , and Mazzini has appeared , The great French Socialist dissents from the views advocated in that document on the ground that they do not allow sufficiently for previous discussion , but call for immediate action without first insuring unity of opinion amongi Republicans , and that they too confidently assume that " the triumvirate" represent all the doctrines and aspirations of the Republican mind of Europe ^ High
praise is given to Mazzini for his efforts in behalf" of Italian freedom ; but Louis Blanc reminds his readers that , three years ago , Mazzini published " the most violent attack ever made" upon the Socialists and their ideas . The prudence of publicly calling on the peoples to rise , and thus putting the Governments on their guard , is questioned ; and the writer laments that the manifesto should contain language which will enable the enemies of democracy to say that the Republican cause , by its own showing , " has no organisation—that it is exhausting its energy in unconnected and wandering efforts—that it lacks money , and is reduced to go in quest of a flag . "
Louis Blanc quotes the following from the manifesto of Kossutli , &c , as indicating tho chief points front which ho dissents : — " It ia urgent that the party should have a recognised centre of action , a chest , a watchword common to all " Tho centre of action lies in us ( c"eat noua \ or in any one else , provided they inspire confidence to tl »« party- — in a few pure men who may understand and represent tho great European nationalities , who love each other , and love the cause of all , who are ready to stand In tho first rank in the day of battle , and i » the last in tho day of victory 41 Tho watchword is , ' Liberty for all ! Association qf all ! . . . .
" Tho definite object , tho common object , ia tho Republican form of Government , established by tho peoplo txndjbr the people " Tho means arc , not tho actual liberty of individuals , nor diecussion ; but the association , tho work In concord , tho order ( In discipline ) , tho self-denial of sacrifice . Tho moat important passages in Louis Blanc ' s reply are as follows : — . " Now , what is the common ^ d dea » He object to bo Sff -wars ^ « ™~«
Untitled Article
'tijgfc&tfSWS ^^ ...,---. ¦ ..- ^ JE 3 rJ ^ -XJAg * 3 k—^ ¦ ¦ --. ¦ --- -- — .-- ^ dife-
-
-
Citation
-
Leader (1850-1860), Oct. 20, 1855, page 1001, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse2.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct2111/page/5/
-