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November 24 , 1855 ] THE LEADER . * 1121
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east of north indicates ? If the army were to advance fcrto the interior , has this officer studied the geology of the Crimean peninsula so as to infer beforehand for the benefit of his general , the character of the ground and the facilities for obstacles against movement which it may be expected to present ? Does he even know the condition of the roads , and how to make them passable for his artillery when the enemy shall have destroyed them . No certificates of this scientific ability have ever been earned by him , and he is known to possess no scientific kuowledge . " The writer adds ., that General Simpson intended to give the post to Colonel Edward Wetherall , who is described as being in every way fitted for such a situation ; but this * design has been set aside . The Codringtons . —It is a curious fact that our
Baltic fleet , now at Kiel , is ( during the temporary absence of Admiral Dundas ) under the orders of Captain Codrington , of the Royal George , brother of the _ Commander-in-Chief in this Crimea . Thus the sons of the hero of Navarino are at the moment in command of two divisions of English forces engaged against Russia and for Turkey , Odessa . —The Times Correspondent says that the reason why the flset did not destroy Odessa on the occasion of its last visit was , that it was not provided with a sufficiently large amount of the requisite ammunition . On which the Editor of the Times remarks , in a foot-note : —" The impression in the Crimea , which no doubt our correspondent faithfully echoes , seems to be that Odessa should have been destroyed , whereas we believe that an attack on
Odessa would have been considered throughout all Europe as a barbarous outrage , which the aggressors would have been heartily ashamed of after the heat of conflict had passed away . If Odessa were really a military station , the stern laws of war would , no doubt , justify its destruction ; but an attack upon a great commercial city , on the pretext that its stores supplied provisions to the Russian army , could only be classed in history -with the burning of Washington . " The Czar's Desire fob Pea . ce . —A statement appears in Lc Nord ( the Brussel ' s Muscovite paper ) , to the effect that , in answer to an observation of a Russian merchant at Odessa , that all that was now wanted to the prosperity of the city was an honourable peace , the Czar replied , " Who is there that does not desire such a peace ? I more thau any one else . "
Geneeal Mouravieff , according to a letter from Erzeroutn , has become insane , in consequence of his defeat on the 29 th of September . His staff sent to Tiflis for General Bebutoff , who refused to accept the command offered to him . ~ THE Ll ^ S OF -T-EL ™? Raph from Simpheropol and Nicholaieff to St . Petersburg is opened and at work . ¦ > Admiral Penaud has arrived at Kiel with the Tourville and Dugerue , French line-of-battle-ships . Admiral Stirling and the Russian Fleet . —It seems possible that the Russian fleet did not , after all , sail round Admiral Stirling . There is said to be a channel connecting the Gulf of Saghalien with the sea of Ochotsk . It was certaiuly unknown to the Admiral , whose disposition of his fleet was dictated Bolely by a wish to intercept the Russians if they came southward . —Times Calcutta Correspondent .
" Urgent Private Affairs . "—A correspondent of the Times points out that the Duke of Wellington , writing to Colonel Torrons on the 2 Sth of January , 1811 , froni Cartaxo , says , —I am much annoyed by the general and other officers of the army coining home . Thoy come to mo to ask leave of absonce under pretence of business , wjjich they saj' it is important to them to transact ; and , indeed , I go so far as to make them declare that it is paramount to every otlior consideration in life . At the same time , I know that many of them have no business , and that there ia no business which cannot be , and that every business is , transacted by instruction and power of attorney . . . . The inconvenience it throws upon me is terrible , and the details greater thau I can well manago ; for I am first to instruct one , then a second , and afterwards , on his return , the first again , upon every duty . "
__ The Smyrna Hospital . —This building will henceforth , be occupied as a barrack for tho Swiss Legion . All tho patients who can bear removal will bo Bent to Renkior ; but , at the latest dates , there were no means of transport , and , as tho Swiss Legion was already on its way out , fears wore entertained that thoy would arrive before there would bo room for thorn . The Baltic—Tho Duko of Wellington , bearing tho flag of the Commandor-iu-Chiof of tho Baltic , arrived at Kiel on tho 14 th ult ., and saluted tho Danish flag the next morning with twonty-ouo guns , which was returned . She loft Nargen on tho 11 th , at eight , m company with tho Majestic and Firefly , leaving behind her Admiral Bnynes and his squadron , and the French ships Tourvillo and Duquosnc . Ihe Majestic and Firefly arrived at Kiel on tho 15 th .
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THE FOREIGN REFUGEES . The following letter of Mr . Ernest Jones has been 2 > ublishecl in the Times : — , Sir , —In your impression of Saturday last ' A Liberal " endeavours to place the case of the Jersey refugees on an entirely wrong ba . si . s ; indeed , it is not so much the case of tlio Jersey refugees ns it is that of the English people . Your correspondent takes up tho two following positions : —1 . " Dotcstab e doctrines and sentiments " have been promulgated by tho refugees . 2 . Wo arc bound " to prevent a set of men from availing themselves of any facilities our constitutional or geographical position may offer to intriguo and cany out plans against our friends ami allies . " As your correspondent has specially addressed ino , your Konso of justice will , I doubt not , permit mo to anBwcr him in your columns as follow .- * : —
1 . With the doctrines or sentiments of tho refugees we have , nothing to do . Thoir having avowed " detestable sentiments " can be no oxcuho f » r our performing detestable acts ; and I unhesitatingly brand as such tho appeal to Lynch law made in tho presence of , and sanctioned by tho chief magistrate of St . Holier . I unhesitatingly brand as huoIi tho forcible expulsion from Joi-eoy , by martial law , of men who , had thoy been guilty of an oflciioo , ought to have boon brought before tho propor tribunals of tho country . .. . . .. .
2 . But who are tho expelled ? " A Liberal " scorns to confound tho writers of tho lottcr , its publishers , and Victor Hugo and his twonty-niuo colleagues in ouo category . Mcssih . Pyat , llougdo , and Jourdain wrote tho letter . Thoy live in London , and have never been interfered with . Colonel I'innciani and Manure . Riboyrolles and Thomas published it in their newspaper in Jeraoy after it had boon roi » d at a public inoeting in Loudon . Thoy were cxpcllod in consequence . You , sir , also published it , not on tiro , not with its explanatory passages—those that took away nil ovil interpretation JYom tho others—but , ( selecting iH-eoiuely its most objectionable parta . Sir , if Colonel
. Pianciani deserved expulsion from Jersey , you fai I more deserve expulsion from Printing-house-square , for he , at any rate , did publish the " good " partsyou revelled in the " bad " alone . But there is another feature of the case "A Liberal " overlooks . Victor Hugo and his twenty-nine friends ' neither wrote nor published the letter ; they merely protested against an infringement of British law , and for that they were expelled . The meeting in St . Martin ' s-hall protested to a man in the same way . By the same rule they should be expelled as well . The case of Victor Hugo amounts to this—He endeavoured to defend English law ; he protested against its violation ; and , for defending the law , the Government expels him —a very close imitation of tlio couji d'etat . 3 . " A Liberal" declaims against the refugees availing themselves of the " facilities of our constitution , " and says we are bound to " prevent their doing so . What ! does he mean to say the Constitution is to be broken through , and the laws of England are to be violated ? Does he mean to say—" You refugees came here in confidence , relying on English lawyou have not broken that law , you have done nothing an Englishman might not lawfully have done—in proof of which we can take no legal proceedings against you ; but you shall find English law a mockery and a snare , the constitution shall be no constitution for you ; we ara too ' liberal' to be bound by laws and Constitutions . " I claim for the refugees the same rights of free speech and free press as are enjoyed by Englishmen . Have the refugees -violated either ? They have written history , and passed an historical judgment on the facts they have recorded . If they had described the massacre of St . Bartholomew and the conduct ol the French Charles , would they have been arraigned for so doing ? If they had said Charles was a perjurer and a murderer , and denounced against him the murderer's doom , would "A Liberal' * have raised his voice in condemnation ? No ,- « -but unfortunately they wrote 1851 instead of 1572 , and recorded another name instead of " Charles ! " Will "A Liberal inform me within what limit of years it becomes a crime to tell the truth ? . Sir if England is allied with one to whom history is offensive and truth fatal , that is no fault of the refugees—that is no reason why England ' s Constitution should be altered or her laws broken , as " A Liberal" proposes . I protest against changing either , just to suit the coiqjs d ' etat that may take place on the continent . " Upon the manner in which this question is treated by the British public will depend whether , in tho eyes of the people of the continent , we maintain tne character ot guaruians 0 . the ft't" ! of liberty , with all its privileges and immunities , or sink in their estimation to the level of" police spies and second-hand took of tbo Hofburg or the luiliers , and obsequious lacqueys of continental despots . The question is not one of " doctrines and sentiments "—it is something more ; it ib , whether England is ntill powerful enough to extend the right of asylum on the same terms as she used to do , or whether , hko little Switzerland and Belgium , she must expel her refugees when a foreign autocrat bids her . " In conclusion , I say , if the refugees have broken a law , try them by tho law they have broken . Name it , cite it , —which is it ? Tell us , and let them abide tho issue . If they have , by doctrino or sentiment , offended against morals , let morality avengo itself , not by Lynch law and unconstitutional acts , but by tho calm logic of reason , before the great tribunal of opinion , wherein a people proceeds all tho more surely if persecution docs not enlist its heart against its judgment . ... I abhor assassination , and I venerate true religion as much as you do . If tho refugees recommended the one or ridiculed the other I have no sympathy with , their proceeding—lot this , in justice to myself , be distinctly understood ,-but I cannot see that the letter Hignod by throe of them does either , in the remotest degree . Most emp hatically , however , do I protest against any letter of any man or any ' net ; of man" being made a loa for violating or altering the lftwtJ of England . Tho letter is not tho queation under discussion , or to bo discussed ; the question ih , I repeat , aro our laws to bo changed and broken to « uit tho convenience of any autocrat , or will such respectable individuals have to rest satisfied with aooinff Kngliflli law impartially administered to all who live within its palo ? I am , Sir , your obedient «™ ' JoNJM <
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PUBLIC MEETINGS . bih ' bobkbt va&' os the wah . S . R Robert Peel , in ' ^ X wrfenT ^ To issr ^ srj ^ sws . & * . ~
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GENERAL CANKOBERT AT STOCKHOLM . A UBTTBn from Stockholm gives the following details c « b ? erning tho audience given to General Canrobort : — "Shortly before one o ' clock , the Groat Master of
the Ceremonies , Count Gyldenstolpe , conducted the Ambassador from hia . hotel in a carriage drawn by eight horses , preceded by two runners . By the side of the carriage walked six footmen , and each horse was held by a groom in grand costume . This carriage was followed by another , drawn by four horses , in which was the aide-de-camp of the Ambassador and the Swedish Captain Count Bjornstjerna , Aide-de-Camp to the King , who has been placed at the disposal of General Canrobert during his stay in Stockholm . In the hall of the castle the Ambassador was received by the First Marshal of the Palace , surrounded by the officers of the Court , who accompanied the Ambassador to the apartments of his Majesty . At the top of the staircase were posted twenty-four men , a 3 a guard of honour , in the ball-room were twelve pages in livery at one of the doors , whilst the officers of the body guard were at another ; in the lower part of the gieat gallery was the personal staff of the King . At the door of the bedchamber , where the audience took place , was posted his Majesty ' s body guard . When the Ambassador entered , the First Chamberlain , Count de L-cDwenhaupt , advanced towards him , and conducted him to the King with , the Grand Master of the Ceremonies . All the dooi-3 were open . At the side of his Majesty were the Dukes of Ost-Gothlttnd and Delecarlia , with the Minister of State for Foreign Affairs , the Baron Stjemeld . The Ambassador pronounced an address , and handed the insignia of the Grand Cross of the Legion of Honour to the King . When his Majesty had replied the doors were closed . At a quarter to three the Ambassador was conducted back to his hotel with the same ceremony . In going , as in returning , \ h . e streets and places were crowded with persons , who loudly expressed their sympathies by cries of ' Vive Canrobert ! ' ' Vive la France ! ' A grand dinner was given in the evening by the King in the Queen ' s banquetting-rcom , at which were present the following personages : —the Crown Prince and Princess , with their suite ; the Ambassador , Avith his Aide-de-camp ; the French Embassy at Stockholm , the high dignitaries of the" Crown , and Admiral Virgin . " The Moniteur publishes another letter from Stockholm , stating that popular sentiment ia Sweden was manifesting itself niore and more decidedly in favour of General Canrobert and France . When the General appeared in the Royal box ; at the opera , on the previous evening , tho audience in their enthusiasm demanded the national hymn of Sweden , aud next , that of France . When , at a later period , tho King entered , attended by the Royal family , his Majesty was greeted with the most raptuous cheers . It is said that Sweden has agreed on the terms of a military convention , in virtue of which she will furnish a miliiai-y eoutingest » - ? . «• «™ - » £ , to "Ct conjointly with us , and her gun-boata will operate with our fleet in the north . An expedition to Courland , with the object of inducing Austria and Prussia to declare themselves , is also talked of . It is thought that the restoration of Finland has been promised by France .
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Citation
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Leader (1850-1860), Nov. 24, 1855, page 1121, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse2.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct2116/page/5/
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