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•sJfMd&dltt ltHd MtifttWi f, /4j'Wht.llf ' ^pt after;
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Mtmz of ijr* Wttk.
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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•Sjfmd&Dltt Lthd Mtifttwi F, /4j'Wht.Llf ' ^Pt After;
• sJfMd&dltt ltHd MtifttWi f , / 4 j'Wht . llf ' ^ pt after ;
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VOL . VI . No . 300 . ] * SATURDAY , DECEMBER 22 , 1855 . Price [! £££ ff ? :: fKKR 8 ' 8 . -
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ing the war . Austria and Prussia may both lose patience with a monarch that is so boastful , or a Government that is so barbarous , as to be incapable of appreciating probabilities . The new treaty between the' Swedish Government and the . Western Powers materially affects the Baltic question . On the face of it the compact is extremely simple . It stipulates , on the one side , that the Swedish and Norwegian Government shall not make any concession of territory to Kussia ; and on the other side , that if Russia attempt to take territory from Sweden or Norway , the Western Powers shall supply troops for the defence of Sweden . The question arises out of the action of Russia on her North Western frontier . She has been making surveys and other approaches , which imply that she intends to appropriate the most Northern and Eastern portions of Norway , by which means she would push her own boundary to the West of the Cape that forms the uppermost point of Norway , and would establish herself on the Western coast , deeply indented with bays not frozen , and affording harbours that might be fortified , and a marine population that would powerfully recruit any Russian marine . An acquisition of this kind would place Russia on the Atlantic ; Sweden would soon follow the fate of Finland . An accident disclosed this manoeuvre ; Sweden was alurmed ; she foresaw n further spoliation , and her fears opportunely came in to aid the representations of the Western Powers , that it is the interest of Sweden to join the alliance for the defence of Europe against the encroachments of the great power . Although this treaty may not have been the work of General Canhobert , it evidently presents new facilities for the operations of the Western Powers in the Baltic . From " the seat of war , " which is now almost exclusively Asia , we have nothing but a confirmation of the intelligence ( that Kara has really surrendered ; that General Wilhamh is a prisoner of war ; and that Om ah Pacha has approached nearer t j Kutais for the relief of Kara . Since that fortress has been ceded , his position appears to be precarious ; Mouravirpp being disengaged to turn back upon the new assailant . ' We are still without the American President '** Message , though it may now be expected daily .
DIPLOMACY is in full enjoyment of its season , and has effected a complete change in the relations of the European Powers since arms were laid by for the winter . The array of forces on the whole field of the Continent is modified . Without laying too much stress on any change that may have come over Austria , we find Russia placed more decisively in the minority ; two of the Scandinavian States joined with the Allies , and Germany more decisively isolated . According to general and very plausible report , this change has been effected by two acts . The proposals of peace have been made to Russia by Austria , with the concurrence of the Western Powers ; and the nevr treaty , offensive and defensive , has been formed by France and England , with Sweden and Norway . Whether Russia make peace or not , the proposals have modified her position . They are said to comprise the non-restoration of the forts dismantled in the Black Sea j the complete neutrality of that sea by exclusion of all war ships ; the complete freedom of the Danube ; cession of a part of Bessarabia bordering on the Russian river ; abandonment of the special protectorate over the Christian subjects of Turkey ; non-restoration of the fortifications dismantled in the Baltic ; and , say some accounts , such a disposal of the Principalities as would amount to the erection of a new and independent kingdom , [" virtually if not positively . These conditions advance considerably beyond the " four points , " and would undoubtedly place an effectual restraint upon Russia in the Black Sea . Whether they will be accepted or not is a question that can be decided only by time . . Some , indeed , affirm that it is decided already , and in the negative . Even so the entire advantage of the proposals would not be lost . The impulse given by the junction of Sweden and Norway to the alliance , must tend very much to diminish the influence of Russia in central Europe j and a fresh rejection of terms that offer her an opportunity of concluding peace when the next campaign must certainly be disastrous , cannot fail to irritate those Governments that are most desirous of
end-Congress had assembled ^ but it had failed to get through the preliminary business , without which the Message cannot be read . The diffusion and confusion of parties threaten to introduce new complications ; and it is difficult to trace the probable course of political movements . One thing , however , is evident ; the Americans have so completely scouted the idea of hostilities with this country , that our Government has fult ashamed , and has abandoned the pretence that there was any necessity for bullying . In another question , the United States began a quarrel , although they cannot be called aggressors . Mr . Marcy ' s letter to the American representative , at Copenhagen , is a distinct announcement that the Americans will not pay the Sound dues ; will not enter into any convention , in order to arrange a compensation to Denmark for surrendering the dues ; will not consider the guarantee given to Denmark by the European settlement when the Sound dues were confirmed to her ; will not , in the slightest degree , make account of " the balance of power in Europe . " The United States have postponed the enforcement of their refusal , but it is quite evident that they intend to refuse , and that Denmark must look to her compensation from those European States , who will , probably , rather buy America off than assist her to fight America . Other wars have engaged us at home . We have the great Guards' controversy raging , for that which was only a point of gossip last week has been made public by the promulgation of the Guards' memorial . It comes out badly at a time when the public is thinking of making our soldica-y less a state pageant and more a working instrument ; badly , at a time when officers liavo distinguished themselves by cluiina to corno home on " urgent private . business , " and when they have , ns some of them have , confirmed ^ Jf ^^ L ^^^ , that they arc drawing-room s » oldfiH ^^^^ K ^ wR whose privileges arc a ridicu ^ 5 B | ffl ^||^^ P " the country that permits the jWM ^ KM ^ Another arena for conflictsXmgjrafe ^ tai ^^ ttf a useful kind , is established in t lu ^ oimJWy H ffirka . The first preliminary meeting hnW VmtViimAsIL Mr . —— " -
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NEWS OF THE WEEK- * a <» The War 1214 War Miscellanea 1214 Public Meetings 1215 Amer ica 1215 A Conservative Champion and Championesa 1215 Mrs . Pew and her "Pine-apple " .. iai 5 Poison on "the Turf" 1216 Our Civilisation 1217 Manin and the French Press .... 1218 ImperialJustice 1218 The Turks and the Allies 1218 Continental Notes 1218
Obituary - 1219 The Sardinian States ¦ . 1224 Naval and Military News 1210 Philosophy of Anomaly 1225 Miscellaneous 1220 DnCTCAD | nT OPEN COUNCILPOSTSCRIPT— What shall we Gala by the War ? 122 G War Movements 1221 Theory of Consumption 1227 Diplomatic Movements 1221 What would the Late Sir Robert have done—Witli the Bank of PUBLIC AFFAIRS- England ? .. 1227 t > i . o . p ., o . ^ , < m - 1 luin India—Subsidiary States 1227 The Guards'Memorial 1222 Pmee « nd War 1227 The Warin Asia 1222 leaceanawar 1227 The New Metropolitan Legislature 1223 1 ITPDITIIDP The Regius Professor's Submission 1223 ul ' * 1 wr * t Poison in the Prescription 1224 Summary 1228
Himalayan Journals 122 * Two Cruises in the Baltio 1229 A Romance of Unreal Life 1229 A Baton of Books 1230 Christmas Literature and Pictures 1230 THE ARTSJ enny L . ind at Exeter-ball 1231 Next Week at the Theatres 1231 COMMERCIAL AFFAIR 5-City Intelligence , Markets , Advertisements , &c 1231
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A POLITICAL AND LITERARY REVIEW .
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' The one Idea -which . History exhibits as evermore developing itself into greater distinctness is the Idea of Humanity—the noble endeavour to throw down all the barriers erected between men by prejudice and one-sided views ; and , by setting aside the distinctions of Religion , Country , and Colour , to treat the whole Human race as one brotherhood , having one great object—the free development of our spiritual nature . "—Humboldt ' s Cosmos . ¦ ~
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Mtmz Of Ijr* Wttk.
Mtmz of ijr * Wttk .
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Citation
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Leader (1850-1860), Dec. 22, 1855, page unpag., in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse2.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct2120/page/1/
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