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children of the poor are taken from school . From the report of Mr . Moseley , it appears that children are withdrawn from school at between nine and ten ; and that this is done now to a greater extent than formerly . Education therefore seems to he depreciating . A clergyman , ¦ who writes to one of the inspec tors from Ipstone , says : " I really think that , compar ing the present time with several years ago , there are now fewer who can read and write ^ . in ray parish than there were atjg }; hat time . " With respect to the means of remedying the present imperfect system of education in this country , Lord John Russell dissented from Sir John Pakington ' s proposal that rating should be permissive , and that education should he
which had hitherto prevailed in nearly all the colleges of Oxford , in elections to scholarships and fellowships —namely , the pecuniary position and means of the candidate .- —Sir Geokqk Gkey said that the matter had been referred to the law officers of the CrowD . — The statutes , nevertheless , underwent a good deal of discussion chiefly with r « fei'ence to the point raised by Sir John Pakington in regard to the Exeter statutes , Sir William Heathcote , the Chancellor of the Exchequer , Mr . Henlet , Mr . Cardwell , Mr . Fortesquu , Mr . Walpole , Mr . Robert Phtllimoke , Mr . Wigram , and Mr . Gladstone taking part in it . The motion and the amendment were both withdrawn .
free , as it appeared clear to him that we could hardJy maintain the present system of grants from , the Committee of Privy Council and free schools at the same tinie . Bearing in mind that it was intended to appoiiit a Minister of Education , he proposed to extend , revise , and consolidate the minutes of the Committee of Privy Council on Education ; to appoint a larger staff of sub-inspectors , whose individual duties should be concentrated upon special districts of manageable proportions ; to define the powers and responsibilities of these sub-inspectors ; to provide for the constant preparation of reports concerning the state of education in every district for the inspection of the Committee of Council ; to facilitate the application to their
designed objects of the charitable funds which had "been bequeathed in vast numbers for educational purposes , without requiring the costly intervention of Chancery j and to provide that , in places where schools are deficient , the Council of Education should have power to order the levy of a compulsory rate , under conditions and upon a scale to be hereafter determined . With respect to the character of the education—whether it should be religious or . secular—he proposed that , in every school either wholly or partially supported by grants from the State or by compulsory rates , provision should be made for reading the Scriptures and affording instruction of a moral and religious character , but that every parent who entertained conscientious scruples might forbid his children from
participating in those exercises . The testimony of the state schools in Massachusetts wa s , it must be admitted , in favour of a secular education not being necessarily irreligious . The teachers in those schools are . bound to impress on the minds of their pupils a regard for piety ; but no especial form' of religion is enjoined ; and some of the greatest intellects in America have spoken highly of the beneficial effects of those schools . For himself , however , he was of opinion that morals could not be taught separate from the Christian religion . As regards expense , the calculation was that the education of each of the 3 , 600 , 000 children who ought to be under tuition would cost 18 s ., making a total of £ 3 , 240 , 000 . That sum was large ; but it would be contributed by subscriptions , school pence , grants , charitable endowments , and rates .
Mr . Henley approved of many of the suggestions they had just heard ; but more information was required . He was gratified with Lord John Russell ' s declarations with respect to religious instruction . lord Robert Guosvenor , Mr . Adderle y , Mr . Denihon , Mr . George Butt , Sir John Pakinqton , and others also spoke in favonr of the plan , taken in the ¦ whole . —Mr . Roebuck , Mr . Milneb . Gibson , and Mr . Miall , spoke in favour of religion being purely secular ; and Mr . Baines thought that the voluntary system had made great strides of late , but held nevertheless that parents should be compelled by law to provide for the instruction as well as for the maintenance of their children . —Lord Palmers-ton said he was sure the House would feel deeply grateful to Lord John Russell for bringing forward these di-odo eiti
ons , to which he gave a willing acceptance , hoping that they would bo found to overcome the difficulties which had hitherto beset this most important quostion . Ho particularly approved of tlie retention of the religious element . —Lord John Rdssell , in reply thankod the House for the cordial reception which his proposals had mot with , and stated tliat it had boon suggested to him that it would be better for the resolutions to be discussed in a committee of the whole House . Ho therefore proposed to withdraw them , and to move instead a resolution that the House would on Thursday , the 10 th of April , resolve itself into a committee to consider the state of public education . Ilm proposition was agreed to , and the rosolutwns were for the present withdrawn . __ __ OXFORD STATUTES
. Mr . Heywoob moyed on address to her Majesty , praying that aho will bo pleased to withhold her an ' probation from the regulations and ordinances recently sanctioned by the Oxford 0 atnmiBS ionors for thonnxonclment of the Statutes of JSxotor , Lincoln , and Corpus Chnsti colleges , in tho Univoraifcy of Oxford , such rogulationa aud ordinances being in naanv points inconsistent with tho spirit of the Oxford Unworalty Act of 1854—To this , Sir Joim Pakunqt . 'ON moved an amendment , with a view to calling tho attention of the Government to tho omission in tho now Bta-tutea of any roferouoo to a ground of proferonco
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The resolution with reference to an armistice , which was agreed to in the Conferences on the 25 th ult ., was known in . the Crimea on the 28 th , stud on the following day a conference was held at Traktir Bridge between the chiefs of the staff of the allied armies , ou the one hand , and General Tutchimeff , delegated by the Coalman der-in-Chief of the Russian army , on the other . On this occasion it was decided that there should be a complete suspension of hostilities . But it has been emphatically announced by the allied Governments that , should peace not be concluded , no extension of the . armistice will be granted after the 31 st of March .
that your Excellency has not taken any notice of Brigadier-General Williams Her Majesty ' s Government desire to receive your Excellency's observations on the despatch of General Williams which I need hardly say Lave been read by them with great regret , after the anxiety they have felt and the remonstrances which they have in vain addressed , through your Excellency , to the Porte . " In answer to an inquiry from . Lord Clarendon as to whether General Williams had been officially recognised by the Sultan , and a request that a copy of the document containing the recognition , Lord Stratford confesses that he never obtained it , conceiving it was not wanted . Lord Clarendon concludes : " Your Excellency will under *
stand that her Majesty ' s Government require to be furnished with a full and detailed repoi-t of every thing that las passed between the Embassy and the Porte , in compliance with the instructions that' so frequently , but in vain , have been addressed to your Excellency . " Lord Stratford , in his reply to the charges brought against him , says he fulfilled all General Williams ;' s requests with : respect , to the Turkish Government , but that Turkish ministers are slow in carrying out their measures . He adds : —« " The well-known proverb which contrasts the facility of bringing a horse to water with the impossibility of forcing him to drink , is no less true at Constantinople than in London or Pails . Unfortunately , too , the horses whose reluctance I have to overcome are not
without circumstances to excuse , though not entirely to justify , the slowness of their pace . " English , ministers informer times , he urges , have "been equally corrupt . With regard to the non-answering of General Williams ' s despatches ( which ultimately amounted to a much larger number than fifty-four ) , the Ambas sador alleges the xmcertainty of the Trebizond packWt as an excuse , and his desire " not to occasion disappointment by announcing measures which might not ? be carried into effect / ' He disclaims all intention , of disrespect to General Williams .
It appears that , in the course of last July , Omar Pacha desired to induce the allied Generals to send ' a portion of their army from before Sebastopol tc ^ the relief of Kars . TJiis they opposed . OnaarV final expedition into Asia was discountenanced at first by the French Government , but urged by theEnglish . The opinion of Mr . Brandt , English consul at Erzeroum , was that Omar ' s army should have been directed on Kars by way of Erzeroum , and not on Georgia . Had the-former been effected , he think © - Kars might have been saved . He also cond nans the apathy of the Porte and the cowardice pf Selim Pacha . The proposed expedition of General Vivian's Anglo-Turkish contingent was disapproved of by the English Government as being impracticable .
Notwithstanding this temporary peace , and the prospect of a permanent accommodation * warlike preparations continue on both sides . We learn from Marseilles thai ; the preparations for the embarkation of troops destined for the East are on a very larger scale . They contemplate the despatch of 20 , 000 men . From St . Petersburg we are told that the Minister of Marine , by command of the Grand Duke Constantine , has ordered all the buoys and landmarks in the Baltic to be removed , and all the lighthouses to be extinguished ; and a private letter from Stockholm , of tlie 19 tli ult ; , mentions that tlie Russians are sending troops in considerable numbers to Finland , concentrating a large force round St . Petersburg , and strengthening tlie barriers near Cronstadt , so as completely to close up the entrance .
DESPATCH FROM : GENERAL CODRINGTON . Sebastopol , Feb . 16 . My Lord , —I have the honour to acquaint your lordship that a Russian force , estimated at about 3 , 000 infantry and Cossacks , appeared on the morning of the 12 th . insb . on the ridge of Kardoubel , above the valley of Baidar , but retired after a short
recon-. The French engineers blew up , on the 12 th hist ., two portions of the aqueduct which formerly sup plied the docks of Sebastopol . Some blasting experiments have been made on the walls of the large barracks , near the dockyard , and the mining is in progress . The weather for some days past has been showing the gradual approach of spring , and the health of the army continues excellent . General Sir Colin Campbell rejoined this army on the 14 th . hist . —I have , &c . W . J . Codrinoton .. General Commanding . The Lord Panmure , &c .
A later despatch , dated February 19 th , contains nothing more than an account of the extreme severity of the weather , which , on the 17 th ult ,, prevented the assembling of the infantry of the English army on the brow of the plateau .
THE TALL OF KARS . The papors relating to tho fall of Kars , recently laid on the table of the House of Commons , confirm , tho accounts previously giveu of the vain appeals of General Williams to Lord Stratford de Redcliffe to exert his influence with tho Porte in getting reinforcements for the beleagured and star \ ing garrison . On arriving at Kara , "General Williams found the army in a dreadful state of corruption , the men without pay , almost without clothes , closertiona constantly taking place , and tho Paohaa cheating tho soldiers of their due to fill their own pockets . Tho English General was looked on , with distrust , and was almost iusnlted , Omar Pacha tolling him ho would not be porrnitted to
interfere , and the Turkish officers even refusing to call on tho officers of his staff . In thia state of things , General Williams wrote to Lord Stratford do llcdolHFe for assistance . '" By December 8 th , 1854 , tho General had written fifty-four despatches , each accompanied by « , private letter , to tho Ambassador ; but no reply was roooivod . At length , Gouornl Williams brought tho mattor before tho attention of tho English Government ; and Lord Clarendon , who from tuo fivat had urged Lord Stratford do Rodoliffo to support tho English Qonoi ' ivl , immediately wrote to our Ambassador at Constantinople a despatch which contained tho ensuing passages : — " It would neona
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WAR MISCELLANEA . The Baltic— Notwithstanding the prospect ofpeace , our Baltic fleet is beginning to take up its position in the north . On the 29 th pf February , the Samson , the Falcon , and the Pylades arrived at Elslnore , and the screw frigate Imperieuse sailed through , the Belt . The Mtjrderer Datt has bean hung . Symptoms op Peace . —The right siege train before Sebastopol has begun to embark for England . Three companies marched down to Balaklava on the 15 th ult ., preceded by several of the Light Division bands , which played them some way on their road , and cheered by the men in the camps they passed through .
Shot in the Camp . —The Methodist preacher sent to the Crimea by th Wesleyan Missionary SocJety and whose presence here has been sanctioned by Lord Panmure , has arrived . It would , perhaps , bo incorrect to say that he has commenced his spiritual labours , for he finds Iiimself much in the position of a shepherd without a flock , the formation of which , it is presumable , is the real object of his coming . Judging from the result of inquiries I have mode , there is no pretext for the introduction of a Methodist minister into the British camp . The men ore all well content to class themselves under tho three denominations—Church of England , Presbyterian , and Roman Catholic , which have their priests and ministers already here . —Times Correspondent .
General Williams . —Letters have been received at Constantinople from Tiflip , announcing that General Williams is so dangerously ill that his medical attendants despair of his life . Omab Paoha . —The resignation tendered by Omar Paoha has been refused . Heamh op the Ahmy , —A report from Dr . Hall , dated February 18 th , states that " tho sanitary con « dition of tho army continues moBfc satisfactory . " Tho Doctor observes : " Taking the last eight weeks , tho ratio of mortality has only boon at the rate of 15 j | pel * thousand per annum , which ih considerably under that of tho Foot Guards when doing duty in London . "
Another American" View op the War—Th < Daily Newti iiublinliea tho letter of an Amerioai gentleman long resident in St . Petersburg , giving i fearful account of the system , of despotism existing ii Rutttin : fully acknowledging the juatice and necessity
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March 8 , 18 S 6 . J THE LEADER . 221
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THE WAR .
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Leader (1850-1860), March 8, 1856, page 221, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse2.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct2131/page/5/
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