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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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EXBRHBOTONS OP ENGLISH GOODWIIXTO ftA !** - "The Daily News has been suggesting that the great towns pt England should make presents of artillery to the Sardinian Government for the walls of the new fortress of Alessandria . The proposal has been responded to by subscriptions for the desired object . Sib Cbakle 3 Napibr in Russia . —The conqueror of Bomarsund has beep admitted to an audience by the Grand Duke Constantine , who ordered a steamer to be placed at his disposal , in order that he might visit the different warlike establishments . Sir Charles afterwards went to the Palace at St . Petersburg , to call on the Emperor ; but his Majesty was not " at liome , having departed to his farm , a little distance off .
A Rough Humanist . —On Saturday evening , a remarkable meeting was held at the Belvidere Crescent Reformatory , in Lambeth . Mr . W . Driver , the superintendent of the institution , delivered an address to nine of his pupils on their emigrating to Canada . Spirited language , boldness , and frankness are conspicuous on the surface . Mr . Driver speaks roughly to some of the boys about their failures ; reproves them for wanting " comfort ; " tells them that they failed because they « iesired no more than . " a full stomach and snug quarters ; " announces to them broadly , that " it is not absolutely necessary for backs to be clothed and stomachs filled at all . " A hard moral for street boys to swallow ; and the audience to whom this part of his admonition was
addressed were literally boys out of the street . But how was it they came to hear him ? He had invited them in to share a few hours with their former companions before their emigrating to Canada . Mr . Driver tells the boys , that they must not even look for happiness" Never mind happiness ; do your duty . " " No man ever found happiness by looking for it . " " Thousands are happy ; and there is on the whole a great deal of happiness in the world . It does strike me that the boys in this house are often very happy ; but , if you ever noticed it , you will find that happiness came to you when you were not thinking about it . " " For my own part , I have never tried to make you happy . I don ' t pretend to make any boy happy . It is no part of my business to
do so . " No one will for a moment complain that this language is really harsh , though it is blunt and direct . Mr . Driver reminded some of the boys that he had stricken them when they required correction . It is probable that those very boys are amongst the most faithful . Some stood round him who had tried the Reformatory , and had left it . They were not strong enough for the work—T-that of overcoming difficulties . But even they must have thoroughly known the kindness of the man . " What more need I say ? " he exclaimed , towards the close of his address . " One feels inclined to go on
talking , very loth to say the last word . " All those who had persevered were volunteers—from first to last—volunteers in the labour of overcoming difficulties . ' Even now , " he said to the emigrants , " at the last moment , if you in the least suspect that an honest life is too difficult , and you would prefer the easy life of the streets , go ! Take the good clothes you have on—they are yoursand go . I will open the door , and neither by word nor look will I hinder you . " That is the true command . Mr . Driver had acquired such influence over the boys that he made auxiliaries out of the free will of the lads .
Now , no man can obtain this kind of influence by deputy . —Globe . Lord Palmebstcwj and hisColiiEAguks . —Wo understand that Lord Pulmerston has issued a circular to the Parliamentary heads of each department , requesting them to supply him in the month of November with the particulars of all legislative measures which they are desirous of being introduced into Parliament . The object of the Premier in making this prudent request is , that
the Cabinet may , in the first instance , have a full and early opportunity of being acquainted with , and of deciding upon , the departmental bills to bo introduced into Parliament , of determining in which house of Parliament the measure shall be introduced , and of avoiding the confusion which invariably arises from tho introduction of a large number of Government bills at tho end of the sesnion , when there is no longer sufficient time for their full and ample consideration . —Manchester Giuuvtiau .
This lni . su Cattus Show . —The Royal Agricultural Improvement Society held their annual cattle enow at Athlone on Wednesday . The Lord Lieutenant was present , and , at a banquet in tho evening , delivered an eloquent speech on the riaiug proapority of Ireland , her peaceful condition , compared with tho disordered state of tho country in former times , and tho rapid reclamation of her waste lands . On this latter point , ho said : — " Within tho last twonty years , moro than u million of Irish acres have been reclaimed from tho wusto . In 18 dl , to eight millions of pooplo thoro wore 18 , 000 , 000 of cultivated acres in Ireland . Now perhapu more than a million has been subtracted from tho population , and moro than a million acres lias been added to the cultivated arcn . "
Aw iNvuniAvifiu Bulujoic—A little girl haa boon gored to death by a bullock in Charlottc-strcot , Cioodgestrcot . The animal plunged its horns into tho cIUUI ' h forehead , carried hor so for aomo way , and then droppud lior dead . Tho bullock then knockod down a woman , and ,, charging violently . through tho utrootu , wan at length caught after a hot and exciting chose .
Vintage PBoause ^ s . —Tho aoewnts fi » m Oporto regarding the prospects . of -the coming "vintage va . the Douro are discouraging . The American vines , which . up to a few days back had been freedom any bad signs , had suddenly manifested the blight to an extent which had destroyed the hopes entertained from theintroduction of those descriptions . This year the disease is said to have attacked the fine vineyards beyond the factory demarcation , and an instance is quoted of one on the frontiers of Spain which last season yielded sixty pipes of the best wine , and which will now not produce six pipes . From Madeira also the advices describe a total failure .
Poisoned by Mistake . —The Rev . Thomas Marsh , B . A ., one of the passengers by the Canadian , from Quebec , has been poisoned by some chloride of zinc given to him by the steward instead of a certain drink called Plantagenet -water . The steward says that the unfortunate gentleman himself told him to bring chloride of zinc when he found there was no Plantagenet water ; but this seems improbable . TheHemel Hempsteadand Watfobd Bank . —The notes of the Hemel Hempstead and Watford Bank were refused payment on Thursday by its . London agents . The firm consisted of Messrs . Smith and Whittingstall ; but Mr . Whittingstall died a few weeks back , and the difficulty announced on Thursday is attributed to hesitation on the part of his executors to assume the
responsibilities of the establishment without full investigation . The extent of the liabilities ( says the Times City Article ) has not yet transpired , but they are thought to reach about 70 , 000 ? . It was a bank of issue , and under Sir Robert Peel ' s Act of 1844 , was entitled to a circulation of 23 , 842 £ The amount of notes actually oat , according to the last monthly return , was 19 , 355 ? . An impression prevails that Mr . Whittingstall died possessed of large property , and confidence is still entertained in its being ample to meet all engagements . Mr . Smith , the surviving partner , is a solicitor . A petition of bankruptcy in connexion with the bank was presented by Messrs Lawrance and Company yesterday ( Friday ) . The petition will not be opened until Mr . Smith has been served with the notice of adjudication .
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FRANCE . Tho Moniteur announces that , by a decree dated 22 nd of July , Marshal Pelisaier has been nominated Duke of Malakhoff . Tho Moniteur also publishoa an Imperial decree , appointing M . Rouland , Prooureur-GdneVal to tho Imperial Court of Paris , to the post of Minister Secretary of State iu the department of Public Worship , vacated by tho death of M . Fortoul .
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SPAIN . Tlio ICspana says that tho French authorities have arrested General Ruiz , chief of tho insurrection at Goronu , " for reasons which have nothing to do with politics . " Tho battalion of volunteers formed at Madrid has been dissolved . Two diligences have been stopped and robbod at Aranda by two men only . Tho Gazette publishes decrees appointing M . Pacheco MiniHter of Spain at London , and M . Souza at Turin . Tho permission to import wheat and flour into Spuin ifi extended to Juno , 1857 .
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Gisnicraj .. Windiiam . —Wo havo reason to boliovo that Major-Gonoral CharlcH Ash Windtiam , C . U ., will fihortly proceed to India to assutna the command of , a divitiion of tho llongul army . — Globe . Dicatii ok I ) u . lluoKUANi ) . —Wo regret to announce tho death of Dr . W . Buckliuid , tho Doan of WfiHtminHter , which melancholy event took place on Thursday evening at Clnphain . —I em . M . Tmuits haa arrived nt the Clarendon Hotel .
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THE GOVERNMENT OF THE SELF . . GOVERNED . THEOBETiCAiiLT—that is , according to the popular , not the constitutional , theory—we are a self-governed nation . But self-government makes little progress except in the colonies . Indeed , it has lost ground of late , and we stand in some danger from centralizing ideas . There is no difficulty in saying how this has come to pass . The Government , naturally , is not averse to receive an increase
of power , and the people , unnaturally , seems not unwilling to concede it . Illustrations of two kinds may be cited in evidence : r—measures -which were adopted during the past session , and measures which were not adopted . In the case of measures adopted—the County Police Bill and Bishops' Retirement Bill , which undoubtedly arm the Minister with a new and strange prerogative , why was the opposition unsuccessful ? Because , in the
case of the Police Bill , the nation did not wane self-government , so much as no government . The local bodies petitioned against a bill for the protection of life and property in counties ; but why had they not applied for enabling acts , that they might establish their own police , and rescue large districts from predatory terrors without enlarging so auspiciously the administrative authority of Sir Geoege GtKet . ? In the case of the bishops ,
why was Lord Paxmebston strong enough , to destroy one of the radical institutions of the Church , the perpetual tenure of episcopacy ? Because the Church was not aelfgoverned , self-reliant , or self-impelled . It could originate nothing , improve nothing . Ever since it had been a Church , the conditions of tho episcopal office had remained , in an important respect , unaltered . Yet two lettors from two bishops , and a measure proposed to Parliament , removed the ancient groundwork , and English episcopacy ce ased to be what it was .
We have not undertaken to defend every particle of our constitutional ay stein ; but . it is questionable whether these reforms are effected in tho right way . It would , at all events , be more consonant with the idea . of self-government , if local and special bodies were moro active , and Cabinet departments loss meddlesome ; if local administration wero moro real , and Cabinet control less universal . We have scon a great Board of Works established in tho metropolis , and vestries with largo constituencies called into existence in the woveral parishes . But how fur is fcho body of which Mr . Til waitich i « chairman , independent of tho body of which I < ord . P . , i < -
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——? Leader Office , Saturday , August 16 . THE ISLAND OF SERPENTS . The Deittschland of Vienna of the 10 thsays : — " As soon as the Cabinet of "Vienna was informed of the grave conflict which was about to break out by the refusal of Russia to restore Kars , and by its occupation of the Isle of Serpents , it addressed an energetic note to the Cabinet of St . Petersburg , demanding that those islands should be given up to the Porte without condition . The Russian Charge d'Affaires , M . Balabine , was able to convince himself , from several conversations with Count Buol , that the protest of tho Cabinet of Vienna was very serious . The reply of the Cabinet of St . Petersburg arrived here a few days ago . It has produced a very good impression , Russia not only promising to restore Kars , but recognizing the right of the Porte to the Isle of Serpents . "
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RUSSIA . An official announcement haa appeared in the journals that the Russian troops were ready to evacuate Kars and tho Ottoman territory , and that they have received orders to retire to Alexandropol . , The Russian Government has given orders to all its agents in Europe to deliver passports for Russia without conditions . It is with a view to the approaching coronation of the Emperor that these new facilities are accorded .
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NOTICES DO OOBABSPONiDJBNTS . J . -N . ( Oxford ) Probably you *« tor * o . ft flrat ; series of the book in . question . The volume noticed in our last number -was published in 1856 . . W © cannot undertake to return rejected communications . No notice can be taken of anonymous communications Whatever is intended for insertion must i > e « uth * ntioated by the name and address of the writer ; not necessarily for publication , bufc as a guarantee of his good-fartn . It is impossible to acknowledge the mass of letter » rwe < receivo . Then- insertion is often delayed , owing tojapress of matter ; and when omitted it is frequently JnMttiasBasons quite independent of the merits of the , commnafeation .
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SATURDAY , ATT GUST 16 , 1856 .
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There is nothing so revolutionary , because there is nothing bo imnatnral and convulsive , as the strain to keep things fixed when all the world is by the very law of it 3 creation in eternal progress . —Da . Akhoi / d .
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Leader (1850-1860), Aug. 16, 1856, page 779, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse2.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct2154/page/11/
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