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' ' ¦' ¦ ' ¦ ' -^^^m. • ¦ ' ' ¦ ¦ • // s^i^J* J ' ¦¦ ' ¦ ' ¦' ' • ¦ ¦ ' ¦ ¦ ' ¦ ¦¦¦ ¦ . ¦ ¦ ¦ Jgte A tibtx. POLITICAL AND LITERARY KEVIEW.
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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VOL . VII . No . 340 . ] SATURDAY , SEPTEMBER 27 , 1856 . Price { ^^™ ;; : 1 SS ;
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. . . ¦ . . ' . ——?— - TTALY continues to be the object upon which A all eyes aTe turned . The "Western Powers are doing something which , is likely enougli to bring oh a crisis . What the intention of those Powers may please to be nobody knows , but there are signs which imply a larger purpose than is popularly ascribed to the statesmen engaged , and
it is quite certain that events are becoming too strong for Jthe most adroit statesman entirely to control them . In the first place , the King of NajpxiES has that power which resists every kind of coercion , which defies the most gigantic strength to bend it , \ he has the power which resides \ n imbecility . The most hopeless of all tasks is to convince a fool , and the King of Naples is unconvinceable . HunNEB has tried to make him moderate
lus assertion of absolutist royal rights ; butN " aples cannot understand how Austria can preach a compromise of privilege ! He stands out , therefore ; —tliat is the first point . The Western Powers declare that they are sending their ships to preside over what may happen in the Bay of Naplesfour line-of-battle ships and a proportionate number of frigates , &c . —that is the second accessory to the approaching drama . Count Walewski is understood to have inteipos <» d every practicable
delay in . the consummation of the Imperial purpose nt Paris ; but the French fleet has been , or is about to be , or is supposed to be about to be , launciied at Naples . Many circumstances conspire to show that the Emperor Napoleon intends to take an active part in Italy—or does not intend . Two propositions have been ventured by ingenious persons , which prove how far he has piqued the faculty of guessing : one is , that the Pope , incapaT > lo of holding his own at Rome , should retire
to Avignon ; the other , that the King of Napjves should abdicate , to be succeeded by his eldest son , the Duke of CAi-AnRiA , who would accede to the throne with the constitution of 1848 . But arc not the Bourbons totally destroyed ? Is there any of the family , even the best branch , the Philippist branch , that has not upon him the signs of extinction ? Is not the whole family superannuated —fit only to disappear from conspicuous places , and about to disappear from the face of the earth P Fourth fact , — -Austria and all her protects nre increasing their display of insolence and their defences . AuBtria is strengthening her - \ yorlcs at
Bergamo ; Tuscany has been imprisoning soldiers of tbe Anglo-Italian Legion who returned home : while from Tuscany , and every part of the Italian peninsula , come subscriptions for the cannon , for the 10 , 000 rifles , addresses , and the most obvious signs of an impatience for action . The earthquakes of Vesuvius will be felt 4 o the foot of the Alps . ; Before these great fuels the squabbles of other
Governments sink into insignificance . Why is ifc that Russia still keeps up her attempts to wriggle out of the Treaty of Paris ? The only difficulty that Ave foresee with regard to Russia is the probability that she may lend a politic aid to Piedmont against Austria ; and if so , it will be difficult to strike Russia while she is actually serving the purposes of freedom—if , indeed , it is possible that she can serve those purposes .
. Even Spain , becomes unimportant , although the principles there in conflict are at the vo . ry foundation of the happiness of nations . The Court has just shown the cloven foot . It las compelled the Government of O'Donneix to suspend the sale of Ecclesiastical property—that sale ¦ which was gradually , very gradually , relieving Spain from mortmain , and familiarizing the Spanish mind to a very mild though practical species of Protestantism . "While the Court of Piedmont has saved Catholicism in Northern
Italy at least "by reconciling it to progress and freedom , the Court of Spain is preventing -that rescue by reviving with a reactionary constitution the heaviest incumbrance of the Roman Ch urch . The Minister of Finance , Canteho , wliose scheme of revenue was spoiled b y the bigotry of the Court , has retired . By degrees the Court will drive from it all practical political managers , find is expected to recal that man who handles his sword as the only political instrument .
The civil contest in Kansas continues , but time has not yet been given for tho ofFect of a more moderate course to be felt in tempering the conflict . A third Governor has been appointed by President PusncE , a man , liko his predecessors , selected from the North , but reputed to be more energetic than they wore . Should he succeed in preventing the attempt to check tlic extension oi slavery by ) i mere procoss of riot , he will do something to place the movement for relieving America from the curse of slavery in tho path of hopeful progress . " There is nothing so revolutionary , because there is nothing so unnatural and convulsive , as tho strain tQ keep things fixed wlion all
the world is by the very law of its creation in eternal progress . " The Missouri compromise necessarily failed , because it was an attempt "to keep things fixed . " The rioting must as necessarily fail , because it calls out resistance on the part of the South ; when already the strongest doubt as to "the possibility or the policy of maintaining slavery was creeping into the very heart of every slave state . If peace should he restored , if the wbole subject were brought baclc into Congress ,- where alone it can be settled , we should probably see the better feelings of the South evoked to aid the more generous and popular
feeling against slavery in the North ; and iiie Republic would unite to free itself from the curse which is now dividing it . In the , meanwhile , there are men and journals in tliis country that are doing the best they can to exasperate the Americans into civil war under pretext of agitating for slavery abolition , and they are doing the best they can to procure the election of a distinguished projector of joint-stock speculations , Mariposa mines , and so forth , professedly to render the Republic more respectable ! Luckily the Republic will pursue its own course , uninfluenced by these beatings of the wind .
The Belgium Customs Reform Association is carrying on a war with the Protectionist interests of the neutral kingdom , and particularly with the ironmasters of Belgium . There aro other difficulties which stand in the way of its progress . Although the Government is highly disposed to encourage free trade , it derives present revenue from several heavy fiscal imposts , while the municipalities depend in some degree upon tolls , partly intended originally for purposes of protection .
Nevertheless , the association is composed of men who have furnished very powerful aid to "the Government in a course of gradually lightening the fiscal burdens of tho kingdom . Thus tho imposts on cereals have been entirely abolished . Uelgiuin , established by international treaties , neutral , serving as a house of cull for other countries , has very naturally offered itself sis the continental centre for the discussion of laws which - might be carried out in all the civilized countries of ICuropo , and indeed of the world . Thus it has been the scene for debates on public law , on reformatory improvement , on sanitary improvement , and now of free trade , to say nothing of the homeopathists ^ who arc holding a congress parallel to that QPI&frQjS ^ ^ N * allopathiat frco traders . The Freo-T j ^^^^ i ^^'" : «^^ M Vgrcss has been a decided success- Thero 3 » vwW& !^ -f- * & t ! -i ^^ mtm ^ \ j ' , , v ' . 'ray f
' ' ¦' ¦ ' ¦ ' -^^^M. • ¦ ' ' ¦ ¦ • // S^I^J* J ' ¦¦ ' ¦ ' ¦' ' • ¦ ¦ ' ¦ ¦ ' ¦ ¦¦¦ ¦ . ¦ ¦ ¦ Jgte A Tibtx. Political And Literary Keview.
' ' ¦' ¦ '¦ ' - ^^^ m . ¦ ' ' ¦ ¦ // s ^ i ^ J * J ' ¦¦ '¦ ' ¦ ' ' ¦ ¦ ' ¦ ¦ ' ¦¦ ¦ ¦¦¦ ¦ . ¦ ¦ ¦ Jgte A tibtx . POLITICAL AND LITERARY KEVIEW .
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'The one Idea wench . History exhibits as evermore developing itself into greater distinctness is the Idea of Humanity—the noble el *? , Y o ar to throw down , all the banners erected between , men by prejudice and one-sided news ; and , by setting aside the distinctions of . Religion , Country , and Colour , to treat the whole Human race as one brotherhood , having one great object—the free development of our spiritual aature . "—Miimboldt ' s Cosmos . .
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REVIEW OF THE WEEK- paoe Our Civilization ....... „ .... 910 The Hope of the Workhouse ..... . ..... 925 Napoleon in Russia ........................ 929 " h ^ BirminEhatr Hoax 9 l 4 Accidents and Sudden Deaths 920 The New'Commerce of Liverpool ... 920 The New Translation of the Bible . 930 ¦ & | 5 K 8 gS ^ : ^ SS ^^^^^ -::: r .. ^ - ^ iS ^^ C " " * ****** Hia * . tto .. « l Italy 914 Obituary *¦ •• ... o <> X OPEN COUNCIL— . THE ARTSSl ^ n ^ Sft ^^ con : ^ . SSS ^ : ; : E-: E ::: E : ES' : Kp ^ lffi ^^ :: i :: ; ::::::. g' ^ v ^*^ q «^~ . ~ . ?* - Stat ^ ofTrade !; " ^^ LITERATURE- _ , ¦ ' . „ : " .... ' America 917 Tlib Complications of Italy .. .. 923 Summary 9-28 -iup oazetto » 3 i Ireland .... 917 Tho Merits of Freedom Discovered 924 Our Insane Forefathers 928 COMMERCIAL AFFAIRSCoutineiital Notes ... 917 Tho Church Insolvent . 924 . On the Variation of Species ....... 929 City Intelligence . Mariccts . Ac ........ 933
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Citation
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Leader (1850-1860), Sept. 27, 1856, page unpag., in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse2.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct2160/page/1/
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