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three to four hilndred ' saints' in his district ; but , of these , one hundred and fifty are ' good for nothing . ' The remainder ' vegetate on parish allowance . ' However , they have subscribed 50 * . among them , and hope to emigrate next year . A pastor from Southampton and Dorsetshire repudiated the imputations of profligacy made against the ' saints , ' chiefly , as he said , on the authority of the United States Judge Drummond . The Sheffield delegate ( a gentleman from Utah ) said the ' saints' in his district -were not rich , but vreie good looking , as * they enjoyed the spirit of the Lord , which
made them look and feel well . ' He conjured his audience to become Mormons , and to forsake their sins and that state of life which is generally described as being encouraged by Mormonism . The * saints , ' he said , are the most temperate people in the world , in proof of which he stated that they have no pipes and no tea-pots : they have no use for them . Joe Smith * had done more good thau any man . since our Saviour , and Brigham Young was a great and mighty prophet and father in Israel . ' Refreshments were served during the day , and collections were made after each service .
The Conference was brought to a close on Monday , wlen several American ' saints' edified the company with « > eech-making and singing . The singing was i ntended to- bs religious ; but the-words abounded in slang , and the tunes were popular melodies , such as ' The Lowbacked Car , ' ' Minnie , dear Minnie , ' ' Oh , Susannah , don't you cry for me ! ' &c . One of the elders sang a ditty about * sleepy parsons , ' of which the chorus was" Heigho ! you sleepy parsons ! Ha ! ha I ha ! ha ! what a lark ! After all your college learning ,
You will find you're" in the dark !"•* Another singer slapped his hands on his thighs after the manner of Ethiopian serenaders . The Apostle Orson Pratt gave the ' Sisters * some advice on the subject of marriage . He said that marriage , if celebrated by the Mormon Church , which alone has full authority , extends not only till death , but throughout eternity . He urged them not to marry men not Mormons , or else when they awoke on the Day of Judgment they would find themselves without husbands , and be obliged to remain single throughout eternity . This he described to
he a horrible eventuality , and propounded the doctrine that a propagation of spirits would go on in the future world , just as the propagation of our species goes on in this . A Mr . Harrison , an Englishman , defended the polygamy of Mormonisn , which he said is very different from the sensual polygamy of the Orientals . Mormonism , he asserted , ' supplements' and completes the revelations of the Bible . The proceedings terminated short l y after ten o'clock . A daily paper observes : — iC We omit to record some of the more improper sayings and doings of the evening . " -
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infirmary . Mr . Keene , the Governor , rushed in with several turnkeys , when Hodges was found lying in bed with his brains smashed out , and scattered over the bedclothes . Mr . Ebsworth , surgeon , of Swan-street , was in immediate attendance , but life was extinct . It appeared from the statement of one of the other two men , that he saw Preston get out of bed and go to the closet ; and that he returned immediately with a pail , and went to Hodges's bedside , when he suddenly struck him several times on the head with it , and literally knocked his brains out . So sudden was the attack that the two other men had no opportunity of preventing it .
^ . MURDER BY A MANIAC . A frightful murder has been committed in tlie infirmary of Horsemonger-lane Gaol by a debtor whose mind is much affected . On the 27 tli of August , an old man , named John Hodges , was committed for trial from Lambeth , police-court on four charges of forgery . On his arrival at the gaol , he was committed , owing to his ill-health , to the infirmary , where James Preston , a debtor , and two other men were confined . They were all locked up on Sunday evening as usual , and , about four o ' clock on Monday morning , the watchman and the other inmates heard cries of ' Murder !* proceed from the
The murdered man was sixty-nine years of age , and had been agent to a benefit and life assurance society , for which he collected sums of money from the assured . He has undergone several examinations , and was committed for trial for forging documents and receiving money belonging to the society , and would have been removed to Newgate for trial on Tuesday . Preston formerly carried on business as a tool merchant in the London-road . The coroner ' s inquest on the body of Hodges has terminated in a verdict of Wilful Murder against Preston .
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Murder seak Bilston . —An inquest , which wa& opened as long ago as last May , but adjourned on account of the absence of an important witness who had absconded , was resumed on Friday week at Bradley , near Bilston , the witness having been found a few days before at Warwick . The name of this person was Powell , and he was a watchman at some collieries . He is apparently a nervous man , with a -wooden leg 5 and his motive for absconding was fear , the person implicated in the matter having threatened to take his life if he spoko the truth . The inquiry had reference to the death of Elizabeth Hopley , a young woman to whom a butty collier , named Philip Clare , seemed to have been paying attentions . From the evidence of Powell and of another watchman , it appeared that quarrelling was heard on a bridge over
the Birmingham canal at Bradley on the night of the 29 th of last April . The disputants were l'liilip Uare and Elizabeth Ilopley ; and Powell saw the former knock the girl down with his fist . Powell then advanced , and aaid , " Philip , you will have to surt ' er for this . " The other replied , " If I hear of your tolling anybody , I will kill you . I'll serve you the Hiune . The woman was at that time insensible on Clares shoulder ; and he carried her down to the wharf , and put her into the water . Powell followed , and U-luro ngam threatened to kill him if he said anything , saiding , 1 will set somebody to watch . " From the tiino he struck soni
the girl to the time he put her into the water , c quarter of an hour or twenty minutes elapsed . After being frequently threatened , Powell locked himself into an engino house , and did not ' come out till morning , being afraid . Some weeks passed , and Powell still held Ins tongue , under the influence of tlio alarm inspired by Clare ' s continual incnncoa ; but at length ho give information . The cvidonco of the other watchman was to the eil'ect that ho had heard quarrolling 01 * tho bridgo on the night in question . Tho jury found a verdict 01
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per minute , -with steam in the boiler at 151 b . upon the inch , - and the expansion Valve cutting off at one-third of the stroke . But all the parts of the engines are so constructed and proportioned that they will work safely and smoothly at 8 strokes per minute , with the steam at 251 b . and full on without expansion ( beyond what is unavoidably effected by the slides ) , or at 16 strokes per minute , with the steam in the boiler still at 251 l » ., and the expansion valve-cutting off at one-fourth of the stroke . Under these last-named circumstances the paddle engines alone w ill give a power of about 5000 horses . The paddle boilera are of wrought plate
iron , with brass horizontal tubes , and are adapted for working regularly at a pressure of 251 b ., though they are perfectly safe at 601 b ., ' as they have all been tested with an hydraulic pump to a great pressure . These paddle boilers are i n two distinct sets , and each set has about 8000 square feet of tube surface , exclusive of flue and furnace , and about 400 square feet of fire bar furnace .. Each set are equal to supply , with steady , moderate firing , steam for an indicator of 1800-horse power , though with full firing each set of two gives steam to the amount of 2500-horse power , or 5000-horse power in all .
stretching from under the Great Eastern to low water mark at an inclination of 1 in 12 . Down the railway metal 3 on these ' ways , ' then , the ship will be slowlv lowered into the water on cradles , - which are now bein £ constructed under her . The cradles will of course be of the same width as the ' ways , ' over which thev are tn run . They are made of large balks of timber wedced and driven in so as to fit perfectly the bottom of -the shin fore and aft . The process of launching will consist of lowering these cradles with the vessel on them slowlv over the ' ways . ' It is expected to talce place in October and will begin at two in the morning ; , -when the Great Eastern will he moved down as the tide ebbs till she reaches low water mark exactly at Iotv water
As a matter of course , if the monster were left to itself , the instant the shores were knocked away it would rush down the ' ways' and very probably strand itself on the opposite side of the river . To -prevent this catastrophe , massive chains are fastened to tae cradles , which are passed through double sheaves secured to clumps of piles driven 35 feet into the solid earth . The ends of these chains , after passing twice through the sheaves will be attached to windlasses , so that men working on them may slacken the speed of the ship , or even stop it altogether , if required .
The screw engi nes consist of four cylinders of 84 inches diameter and four feet stroke , working horizontally . As with the paddle cylinders , each of the four is in itself a complete and . separate engine , capable of working quite independently of any of the other three . They work up to an indicator power of 4500 horses of 33 , 0001 b . when working at 45 strokes a minute , with steam in the boiler at 15 lb ., and tlie expansion valve cutting off at one-third of the stroke . They are , however , made to work smoothly either at 40 strokes per minute , witli steam at 251 b ., without expansion , or at 55 strokes a minute with the expansion cutting off at one-fourth of the stroke . Under these circumstances , they will be -working at the tremendous power of G 500
. THE GREAT EASTERN STEAMSHIP . : . ( Abridgedfrom the Times . ") This nautical leviathan is rapidly and steadily progressing towards its completion Nearly 1500 men are employed on lier daily , and , though when spread about her acres of upper and lower decks , they seem but few , they are in reality quite enough for the work . Already some of the cabins are finished and fitted to show the stylo ' of the arrangements which are intended to prevail throughout . Each of the small first-class cabins is 14 feet by 10 £ , and 7 £ feet high . The largest are 15 feet "by 11 , and 7 £ high . There aro whole streets and aquare 3 of such apartments as these , opening out into saloons , which of themselves afFord as much space as the maindeck of a line-of-battle ship of tho present day .
The bulwarks , which are now being put up , add considerably both to tho height and symmetrical proportions of the vessel . They are 9 feet C inches high forward , and slope down to > about five feet high amidships and aft . The massive wrought-iron deck is also being covered in with teak planking , placed at about six . inches' distance from the iron . Tho machinery for both screw and paddle engines is in , with tho exception of tho crank shaft , which ia being forged , and the screw shaft , which , though placed , is not yet put together , or connected with the screw engines . Both engines are of such ponderous calibro and strength that the visitor gazes on them , as they lie ranged beneath him , with the dumb feeling of Burprise that a sight of the tremendous rock-hown monuments of Kgypt always occasions ,
They look bo dark and massive beyond all other engines that it seems difficult to imagine how they them-Belvc 3 can bo put in rapid motion , though , onco at work , you can readily understand tho amount of speed at which they would for « e even the Great Eastern through tho waves . They are , beyond ull doubt , th « largest nnd most powerful engines by some thousands oC liorso power that havo ever yot been constructed ; and some of tho largest pieces of wrought iron that have ever been forged , and the largost castings that havo cvor been run in one casting , aro used in their manufacture . Tho paddlo engines consist of four oscillating cylinders of 74 inchcB diameter and of 14 feet stroke , working in a solid frame attached to tho frame of the ship . Tho combined paddle engines will work up to an indicator power of 8000 horses of 33 , 0001 b . when working 11 strokes
horses . The boilers , of course , are of the same kind as the paddle boilers , only ten in number . Connected with the screw engines are two auxiliarly high-pressure engines of 70-horse power , - working with 401 b , but these , as with the other auxiliary engines , are made to work at 601 b . Both these , besides doing ordinary ship ' work , are connected with the screw shaft abaft the ordinary disconnecting apparatus , so as to enable them to drive the screw if necessary , when disconnected from its main engine . It will thus be seen that the paddle and screw engines , lvhen working together at their highest power , will exert an effective force of not less than 11 , 500-horse power , or sufficient to raise 200 , 000 gallons of water to the top of the Monument in
less than one minute , or to drive tlie -machinery of all the cotton-mills in Manchester . The consumption of coal to produce this amount of locomotive force * is estimated at ahout 250 tons per da }' . All the other details connected with the ship are on the same colossal scale . For instance , she will have four of Trotman's anchors , each weighing 7 tons , and two small anchors of oh tons , at the forward part of the ship . At the stern there will be two anchors of 6 tons each . Tlie chain cables are likewise en suite . There will be two forward of 2-g-iuch diameter ( about 601 b . the link ) and two of 24-inch diameter . In the after-part there will be two of 2-ginch , and each cable will be 140 fathoms long . The total number of crew -will be 400 . There will be six masts , two of them square-rigged , and all of hollow iron , except the last , which will be nearest the compass .
Tlie way in which tlie launch will be effected is this : —Two launching ? ways , ' or large and powerfully-built tramways , have been constructed by the railway contractors , Messrs . Tread well and Co ., running from under the fore and after portions of tlie vessel down into the river at low water spring tide mark . Each of these ' ways ' ia 300 feet long by 120 wide , and the distanco between tlie two is also about 120 feet . To guard against tho shifting nature of the river mud , both the ' ways ' aro constructed with unusual solidity and strength . The foundation of each ia formed upon seven rows of piles , the four outside rows being driven at three feet intervals , and the ttirco inner rows at six feet . These piles are all forced homo to tho gravel of the river bed , so that they graduate from a length of 32 feet under the ship ' s bottom to 10 feet at the low water mark .
To both aides of the heads of tho rows of piles strong timbers , 12 inches by 12 inches , aie securely bolted , and the whole area of the way' covered with concrete to a thickness of two feet . Above the concrete , longitudinal timbers of great strength arc secured at intervals of three feet six indie * from centre to centre , and run tho entire length of the ' way . ' Over these again are placed transverse timbers of tho same solidity , but only throo feet apart , which arc bolted together , and again bolted down to the walinga to keep them
fixed under tho pressure they will havo to bear , and prevent them floating at high tide . On these tnuiHvcrsc thnbci-H , but running straight from tlio vessel to the wateVu edge , aro . screwed railvyay metals a . b intervals } of IB inches apart . Tuey aro tho ordinary Bi > lid bridgo rails used by Mr . Brunei on tlio permanent way of the Grout Western Railway , and are , of course , of tlio strongest kind . Tho rails complete tho ' ways , ' which , thus resting on a bed of piles and concrete , form , as it were , a massive road of crossed and recrosscd timbers
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_ g 72 ___ _ THE j ^ A ^ DEB . _ . _[ gg , September 12 , 1857 .
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OUll . CIVILIZATION .
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Leader (1850-1860), Sept. 12, 1857, page 872, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse2.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct2209/page/8/
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