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No . 415 , March 6 . 1858 . 1 THE LEADER . 223
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facts- that I should be always ready to fight any Sg ' n power , and that I offered him my boldness and my energy to aid him in , before all things obtaining independence ; so that , although a Republican , I did not think myself entitled to impose my opinion on a whole nation . I never received any reply to my letter . Ursini ' s examination then terminated . On the following day , M . Jules Favre addressed the court on behalf of Orsini . He said he had told the unhappy man that he execrated the offence he had committed and could not offer a word to the jury in extenuation of it ; but he besought them to consider Orsini ' s life-long devotion to his country ( inherited from his father , a soldier of the first Empire ) , and the misery he had had to endure . He sought to vindicate his from the aspersions which had been
needmemory lessly cast on it by the prosecution , and to show that , with the exception of the crime for which he was then being tried , he had always acted with honour and patriotism . The advocate thus concluded : —" I have now done , and my last words shall be like those of the Procureur-Gene ' ral—a prayer . You will do your duty without passion and without weakness ; and God , who judges the great of the earth—God , who measures all human actions , and weighs the lives * of men in the balance , of which our intelligence and our hearts cannot have any adequate notion—God , who views the sufferings of this man—his anguish , and the thoughts ¦ which have ever agitated his spirit—the ardent passions which have filled his heart—will , perhaps , render to this intelligent and noble soul a pardon -which , in their ¦ weakness , men will not be able to extend to him . "
The jury returned a verdict of Guilty as regarded the four accused , and the Court pronounced sentence of death ( the death of parricides I ) on Orsini , Rudio , and Pierri . Gomez was sentenced to penal servitude for life . Parricides are conducted to the scaffold with a black veil covering their features , a white shirt put on over their clothes , and barefooted . An appeal on behalf of Orsini , Pierri , and Kudio , was lodged last Saturday in the Court of Cassation . In the course of his speech , M . Jules Favre read the following singular address from Orsini to the Emperor , which he said he had his Majesty ' permission to produce : — " To Napoleon III ., Emperor of the French . made
" The depositions which I have against myself , in the course of the political proceedings which have been instituted on the occasion of the attempt' of the 14 th January , are sufficient to send me to the scaffold , and I shall submit to ray fate without asking for pardon , both because I will not humiliate myself before him who has destroyed the reviving liberty of my unhappy country , and because , in the situation in which I am now placed , death for me will be a relief . " Being near the close of my career , I wish , however , to make a last effort to assist Italy , whose independence has hitherto made me pass through so many perils , and submit to so many sacrifices . She was the constant object of all my affections , and it is that idea which I wish to set forth in the words which I address to your Majesty . _ _ _ _
" In order to maintain the balance of poiver in Europe , it is necessary to render Italy independent , or to loosen the chains by which Austria holds her in bondage . Shall I ask that for her deliverance the blood of Frenchmen , shall be shed for the Italians ? No , I do not go so far as that . Italy demands that Franco shall not interfere against her , and that France shall not allow Germany to support Austria in the struggles in which she may perhaps be soon engaged . This is precisely what your Majesty may do , if you are so inclined ; on your will therefore depends the welfare or the misfortune of my country , the lifo or death of a nation to which Europe is in a great measure indebted for her
civiliza-. " Such is the prayer which from my cell I dare to addross to your Majesty , not despairing that my feeble voice may be hoard . I beseech your Majesty to restore to Italy the independence which her children lost in 1849 through the very fault of the French . Let your Majesty call to mind that the Italians , among whom waa my father , joyfully shed their blood for Napoleon the Groat , wherever ho ploasod to lead them ; that they were faithful to him until hia fall ; and that , so long as Italy shall not bo independent , the tranquillity of Europe and that of your Mujosty will only bo vuin illusions . " May your Majesty not reject the lust prayer of a patriot on tho steps of tho scaffold ! May you dolivor my country ! and tho blessings of twonty-flvo millions of citizens will follow you to posterity . " Prison of Mazus , lltu Fob ., 1868 . " Ficucic Ohsini . "
Tho publication of tliia document hua created some surprise and ill-feeling in tho political circles of Austria . Piorri , it appears , ltaa already boon condemned twice , - « nce-f ( or ^ ateaImg 1 "an-unabi : ellartne"otlier"t'mel'or"flto"Uliyu A watch . He admitted the theft of tho watch , but ¦ vehemently denied that of tho umbrella , "When naked to account for tho fuct of a pistol and » bomb buing found on him when ho waa arrested , 1 m said that in England ( wjicra lie has resided for some Unio ) everybody jroos out armod , and has tho right to do so ; nay , that * ko Mayor * recommend , them to carry anna , as a
protection against garotte robbers . Several people who heard him say this , not understanding the word ' garotte , ' thought he alluded to tae superstition of the loup garov , or man-wolf ! It is stated by the Times Paris correspondent that the trial has been reported in full—even including the speech of M . Jules Favre—by order of the Emperor . He adds , however , that " perhaps one or two sentences were omitted" from the speech .
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CONTINENTAL NOTES . That narrow and xmchristian feeling is to be condemned which , regards with , jealousy the progress of foreign nations , and cares for no portion of the human race but that to which itself belongs . De . Arnold .
FRANCE . The Senate has adopted , by a majority of 135 to 1 , the new Penal Law on Public Safety . " The single dissentient , " says the Times correspondent , " is said to be General Macmahon . He grounded his opposition on the unconstitutional character of the law , and is stated to have expressed his regret that a measure which he considered fatal should be brought forward . " The Emperor has taken the important step of abolishing the butchers' monopoly , which will thus cease on the last day of the present month .
Generals Changarnier and Bedeau have permission to return to France . The former has addressed the following letter to the Tndepandance Belye : — " Malines , March 1 , 1858 . —To the Editor . —Sir , —I have just read in your second edition the following telegraphic despatch : — ' The \ Moniteur announces that Generals Changarnier and Bedeau are authorized to return to France . ' Amid the blessings of peace France , justly proud of the glory of her incomparable army , which I have so many reasons to love , has no occasion for the services of one of her most devoted soldiers ; she will therefore approve of his waiting to enjoy the ineffable happiness of seeing her again until she shall be in the possession of laws protecting the dignity and safety of her inhabitants . I pray you to insert this letter in your next number , and to accept with many thanks the assurance , &c . —Changarnier . "
Arrests are constantly being made , particularly in the departments . Some of the persons apprehended are suspected of having been concerned in the plot connected with the attempt of the 1 . 4 th of January ; others have been taken in consequence of their having made use of violent language . Some were liberated shortly after their capture , there being no grounds against them . A handsome mausoleum is to be erected in the Mussulman cemetery at Pere la Chaise over the Queen of Oude ' s remains , by command of Mirza Mahomed Hamid . A physician residing in the Rue Montmartre has been arrested and committed to prison . . The secret society of the Marianne is extending itself in the department of the Orne , in consequence of the arrival there of several -workmen from the neighbouring slate quarries , who are connected with the society .
The river Herault has overflowed its banks , and the entire plain is covered with water from Bdziers to Florensac . Crimes of unusual atrocity are becoming very frequent in the country towns . A young man named Guignard has been found guilty and sentenced to death for the murder of his father and two sisters , which ho committed simply for the sake of robbing tho house . " An Englishman , " says the Daily News P . aris correspondent , " was arrested two or three days since in the Champs Elysdes , while talking politics rather loudly with a friend . His brother went to complain at the British Embassy , where lie was told , doubtless very properly , that the Ambassador could not interfero ; that Englishmen in Paris were as much subject to the laws of France aa Frenehmon were , and that , if his brother was in prison charged with a political offenco , ho must wait patiently to soo what might bo the result of the trial . "
GERMANY . For the third time this winter , tho Rhino and Moselle are frozen over , and steam navigation is interrupted . The water continues very low in both .
ITAT-Y . The Official Journal of the Ttoo Sicilies of the 18 th ult . publishes a complete list of all tho victims of tho memorable eurthquako of December 16 , 1867 . Tho totul number of doud amounts to 9850 , and tho wounded to 1859 . It appears throughout tho list that the number of dead has greatly exceeded that of the persons more or loss seriously injured . Thus , at Montoinurro , u place of 7000 inhabitants , 5000 wore crushed to death ky tho falling bouses , and 500 severely injured . Tho military school at Turin has boon broken up in consequence of certain disorders which have occurred , as -W ( iU-a » --to-placo-thtt-now-organiisation , ou- « , 4 ' ooting ^ witli tho general discipline of tUo army and the other military educational institutions
" Tho PieUmonteso Chumbor , " says the Paris correspondent of tho Daily Tohgraph , " has received very unfavourably tho French proposal for aa alteration in tho law respecting trials of tho press , and respecting the treatment of refugees . M . Broflorio , the celebrated
republican , has been chosen as reporter of the Commission The despatch addressed by M- Wolewski to the Piedmontese Government was so violent that M . Cavour dared not communicate it to the Chamber , but simply read it to the Commission . There will be a great struggle to get the measure passed , and influence and threats will be unscrupulously used on the part of France . However , it is possible that- the little sub-Alpine kingdom may be able to escape this disgrace . "
SWITZERLAND . The French Legation at Berne recently sent the following circular to the cantonal Governments : — " The Imperial French Legation in Switzerland has the honour to inform the Governments of the Swiss cantons that in consequence of new regulations no ' Wanderbiicher' ( the passport or document of identity of journeymen is so called ) or passports will receive a visa unless the proprietors of tbe same appear in person in the office of the Legation at Berne . Passports for France will only be granted to persons who appear with two witnesses in the office at Berne . " The Federal Government remonstrated against this , and it is now arranged that frontier consulates are to be established at Geneva , Basle , in the Berne Jura , and in Lausanne .
TURKEY . Fethi Ahmed Pacha , the Sultan ' s brother-in-law and the Grand Master of Artillery , has died of a heart disease . He was a boon companion of the monarch , who used to spend his evenings and nights in carousing at the Minister ' s kiosk of Tophane . Fethi Ahmed acquired a great control over the Sultan , partly by feasting him in a sumptuous style , and partly by never asking him for anything and being very cautious in his suggestions . His place has been given to Melimed Rushdi . The Sultan has made a present of some ground on the slope of the hill of Tophane for the Memorial Church .
PRUSSIA . The Prince and Princess Frederick Williain continue to receive presents and addresses . Among the latter is one from the English branch of the Evangelical Alliance . The Princess has put one thousand thalers at tbe disposal of the municipal authorities of Berlin , for distribution among the poor . She has also sent three hundred tlialers to the town of Potsdam for the same purpose . ' The Princess Frederick Carl of Prussia has been safely delivered of a princess .
RUSSIA . The Emperor has just authorized the Russian press to discuss freely the best means to be adopted for carrying out the wort of emancipating the serfs .
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IRELAND . Episcopal Denunciation of Ribbonissi . — Bishop Cantwell makes the following observations on the spread of Ribbon conspiracies in Westmeath in his annual Lenten Pastoral : — " We have learned with the deepest sorrow that in a few districts symptoms have appeared of a revival of the abominable system of Ribbonisin , which we had hoped to bo extinct within the- diocese ; We earnestly exhort tho clergy promptly to denounce the criminal folly of those who become members of that or any other secret society . The past sad history of Ireland furnishes a melancholy detail of the progress and termination of all such illegal combinations . They have never failed to produce disorder and crime ; tuey have ever been destructive of domestic happiness and public tranquillity . They have always terminated in the ruin of the parties concerned , bringing sorrow and affliction to their neighbours and disgrace on their friends . Their wicked deeds of darkness should excite tho horror of evory virtuous Christian , while they cannot fail to provoke tho anger and draw down on the guilty tho vengeance of tho Almighty . " Encumuekud Estates Court . —During tho . paat week ( suys tlio Times ' ) , three petitions for the salo of property , representing an annual value of 15281 ., were presented . Of these , one is for tho sale of the ostutca of tho late William ltuthborno , situate in tho counties of Meath un « l Dublin , and city of Dublin , producing a 3 'oqrly rental of 1287 / ., on which are ontalled encumbrances to tu « extent of 13 , 1301 / . Among the absolute orders for sale given in tho official roport of the Irish Farmers' Gazette is one respecting tho estates of Clement William Sadleiv , whioli id petitioned against by the London and County Bank .
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STATJB OF THADL 3 . THisitis is but little change to bo reported in the condition of trudu . The lace trado of Nottingham , howover , became slightly firmer during tho weak emling . Uust Saturday , uud iu hosiery tlioro waa a decided improvement . Tho tiaino is reported of tho Leeds woollen cloth trade , and tlio carpet trado of Hulifux is in a fair condition . —Busiueai-hais-been-a-littleniore-aotivo-at-Shoiiiold At Bradford tlioro iu a slow but continual diminution of pauperism . " During tho luto commercial crisis , " sajra a communication from that town , " tho evil consequences of tho undue extension of credit beeaiuo so apparent that tha merchants , manufacturers , and other * connected with tho Bradford markot hold several meetings with a view to shorten , tho torma of credit la tho different
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Citation
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Leader (1850-1860), March 6, 1858, page 223, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse2.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct2233/page/7/
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