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_ _ opiATPTifn -RVATMTn? iTO TITV THE STAR-SPANGLED BANKER AND 1 HE ¦ &L.AV.&- IJtAUJi..
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affair to he settled by the wardens . Many of the parishioners declare they will never again set foot in the church . Stkike of the Colliers in Staffordshire . —The most strenuous exertions have been made by the men who are out to induce Lord Ward ' s colliers to join them . Had they succeeded , the most serious consequences to the peace of the district were dreaded . Lord Ward ' s pitmen number not less than 40 , 000 , with the number of those who have for some time been on strike this would have made about 45 , 000 men discontented and idle , within the limited district of what is called " the black country . " However , the strike is virtually at an end . There is no likelili ood of Lord Ward ' s men turning out . The London Letter Carriers . —Acting on the authority of tie Postmaster-General , Sir . W . Bokenham , the Controller of the Circulation Department in the General Post-office , has addressed a letter to the London letter carriers in which he takes them very seriously to task for their agitation to obtain redress for their alleged grievances . He insists that there were other and more legitimate means by which they might have made their complaints known with the certainty that any injustice would be . remedied . He states that measures for the farther 'amelioration of their , condition are now under the consideration of the Postmaster-General , but that any repetition of public agitation on their part will lead to the entire abandonment of the contemplated improvements .
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NOTICES TO CORRESPONDENTS . No notice can be taken of anonymous correspondence . "Whatever is intended for insertion must be authenticated by the name and address of the writer ; not necessarily for publication , but as a guarantee of his good laitu . It is impossible to acknowledge the mass of lettors wo receive Their insertion is often delayed , owing to a press of matter ; and when omitted , it is frequently from > ea sons quite independent of the , merits of the commiunca-We caimot undertake to return rejected communications .
_ _ Opiatptifn -Rvatmtn? Ito Titv The Star-Spangled Banker And 1 He ¦ &L.Av.&- Ijtauji..
327 slaves shipped on the west coast of Africa il nicked specimens of men and women , and said toJiav < been worth 500 dollars each in the Charleston mar ] ' cfc Mr . Maffit seized his prize and took it into Charles ton , making over the negroes to the care cf tlif United States marshal . A discussion arose-in the United States respecting th fc fate of these men . Should they be absorbed into the dark population of the Southern States ? Some philanthropists in Carolina put forward the idle notion that it would be more
humane to keep them within the light of Chrisiianity than to return ( hem to their barbarous homes , especially as it might be difficult to discover their barbarous homes . At once there was an outcry in this country , at the evident desire of the Yankees to evade their own laws against the slave trade , and to keep this windfall of slaves . Indeed it has been assumed that the slave trade between the United States and Cuba continues , althoug h no traveller in the Union can discover a shHo
African-born black . lhe course of the United States Government was clear : it had already been pointed out by Clay and the . influential patrons of Liberia ; and it was deter mined that the negroes should be sent back to Africa . It was then charitably assumed in this country that the trial of the slavers , who are pirates by the American law , would be a mere pageant , " the men getting off with honour . They would , of course , be tried at Charleston ; aCharlcstou
THE STAR-SPANGLED BANNER AND THE SLAVE TRADE . A pisTlNGUlsiJED person lias arrived at Boston , m whose'fate large numbers on both sides of the Atlantic take a keen interest , although lie is a personal stranger , and has been obscure until this day . But before we can understand the important position in which he is placed , we must look back a little . It has been most falsely represented in this country that the Government , of the United States is favourable to slavery and the slave trade , - —is anxious to extend slavery by the extension of the slave states , anxious to renew the slave trade , in spite of treaty . The ixatural extension of the
southern part by the growth and spread of settlement , has of course tended to increase thef number of slave states ; but where one is added to that number , two have been added to the free states , and henceforward the growth of live latter must be in a far greater ratio than that of the former . Because the Federal Government would not tyrannically place a girth round the southern states , it was assumed to be favourable to a . peculiar institution . As we have repeatedly explained , it is the fierce , undiscriminating , unreasonable , and destructive form which Abolitionists assume that lias excited
antagonism in the southern states , and has prevented the development of a positive opinion in those states themselves favourable to a reasonable and gradual extinction of slavery . That opinion , as we have before said , has exhibited itself in acts : how unjust , therefore , and how impolitic , to represent even the south as being collectively favourable to the continuance of slavery l- ^ liow much more unjust , how foolish , how vulgar , to impute ihe same soutimenfs to any considerable party of the whole Union , or to the Federal Government ! The misrepresentation with respect to the slave trade is even greater , because the United States Government would not-, as indeed it could not , sanction
the actions of British officers in overhauling every ship under the star-spangled banner as liable to a charge of carrying slaves . Consequently it has been inferred on this side that the American people arc favourable to the restoration of the slave trade . A single story will provothc falsehood of that assertion . The United States man-of-war , Dol p hin , was cruising on the coast of Africa , having just stood out from Sagua la Grande ; tho look-out observed a ship ahead whose manoeuvres implied a disposition to get out of tho way . The commander of tho war-ship , Lieutenant MnfiU , fired a blank shot to mako her show her colours , and tho people on board
tho evasivo ship unquestionably displayod colours which they would not- have shown if they had known the true character of Lieutenant Mnffit ' s vessel . Had ho raised American colours they would have raised probably Spanish colours , and might nave gone oil' ; but he hoisted tho British ( lag , Tho stranger answered by hoisting tho American ling-, assuming that it would bo a sufficient protcotionaguinst tho English commander . This established the right ; of an American officer to search tho vessel . Tho Dolphin boro down upon the strange sail and found it to be the Putman of Baltimore , now called tho Echo , having on board
jury would acquit them ; they would be liberated , and feted at a public dinner . This was the report anticipatory ; but what was the fact ? The captain of the-Echo , the captured slavery was taken to New York , in order that , he might be forwarded to . Charleston to be tried with his crew . The authorities , however , found that they had no power to send him from place to place ; so he was carried on to Boston , delivered over there to the United States Marshal , and he will be tried there . Lieutenant Matiit has -certainly shown . no coldness in . his duty , and the United States Government lias , as we have seen , displayed no disposition'to evade its responsibilities ..
The story , indeed , is so plain that it tells . its own moral . This story-is before the world ; even- reader of the papers can appreciate the facts to which we have referred ; but there are many occurrences which ffive rise to questions between the Governments of the two countries that , do not . from first to last come so completely before the public , and hence an opportunity presents itself for more successful misrepresentation . In this case , for example , if the drama had not been performed in the open theatre of the globe , within sight of the English as well as the American people , it would have been represented , without the same absolute power of contradiction , that the American Government was preparing for the evasion of the captain , that sonic of
the negroes had been smuggled into slavery , nna that the whole American people , quietly informed of the transaction by some covert means , stood winking in triumph at the discomfiture of the British flag , the British Government , mid Britisli public opinion . We have seen such misrepresentation over and over again with as little foundation as in the present case . Wo do not , indeed , pretend that the misconception or misrepresentation is a JJritBU monopoly ; quito Ihc reverse . There has been enough of false ideas on tho American side ; it lias , for example , been assumed that the English people arc desirous of dictating to ( lie American Union on the subiect of their own domestic institutions : Uttl desires
the English peon fa have shared the arrogant of British officers to make every nation in the worm lower its flag to tho British ; that English fooling lias been personated when British olbccrs Jmyo mot American officers and have treated the luttoi ns inferiors—an occurrence , wo regret to any , ' ¦ by any means imaginary . All this has been looKoo upon as English feeling , and has occasioned uujjlion among ?! , tho public of tho United States , ivlio havo been so taught to believe , , ii Now , in this case also , a very HUlc inquiry jjouio soon have corrected tho falsehood , and tho pubuo oj tho two countries will very treacherously , wa en thoir own interests if they neglect ^ . ^ n r f " 0 " tho facts when any case of dispute arises bojwwj the Governments . ' The Governments holding jj their hand tho ooncontratcd P ^ VI ^ 'T ^ t of thorn by their several nations , swayed , »' '"^ i ,,, us , by human passions , resentful o PPJJjft prono to dictate , arc frequently on thojoint ; m taking up positions that cannot be proporlymwj tainod . Our own Government did so with rcgw "
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-r * ' ' ¦ ¦ ' Leader Office , Friday Night , October 1 st . FRANCE . The Emperor , Empress , nnd Prince Imperial left Biarritz on Wednesday , and arrived yesterday morning at St . Cloud . The -whole party is reported to be in excellent health and spirits . The Emperor was to review to-day , in the Champ de Mars , the troops who are about , to leave Paris for other quarter .
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RUSSIA . . The Prince of Prussia arrived at "Warsaw on the evening of the 24 th ult . The Emperor Alexander had been in the theatre for half an hour ,-when lie was informed of the arrival of his august relative . His Majesty went at once to the station to receive him , and afterwards conducted him to the Belvidere Palace . On the 25 th the Emperor and Prince visited the camp at Powonski , and reviewed the troops .
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BELGIUM . At the last sitting of the Literary and Artistic Congress , just held at Brussels , the right of perpetual copyright in matters of art and literature was rejected by a large majority . The King was present during the sitting .
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TURKEY . Accounts from Constantinople announce that Lord Stratford de Redcliffe had paid a visit to the Porte ; he had been received by the Sultan on tho 25 th ult . The Prime Minister of Persia and his two sons had been dismissed , and -were guarded . An Italian journal , published in Alexandria , states that there have been disturbances at Jeddah and at Mecca , and that several Turkish soldiers had fallen victims . A letter from Beyrout , of the 16 th ult ., describes Syria to be in a state of great agitation . There are continual disturbances , the Turkish Government exercising scarcely any authority in that province , where- tho Christian populations live in perpetual fear of tho Mussulmans . The roads are unsafe , in consequence of the number of brigands .
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AUSTRALIA . The Sultana arrived in tho Mersey this morning ¦ with 40 , 500 ounces of gold ou freight . She sailed tho 24 th of June ,
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This Brazilian Mails—Tho Tamar steamer arrived at Lisbon on Thuradoy from Brazil , and was to leave for Southampton in tho evening . She had on freight 48 , 000 / . in specie , and 17 , 000 / , value in diamonds . Thb Diucvdful Coal-Pit Acoiwknt nrar Durham . —From the Durham Advertiser of this day wo learn that at the Pago Bank Colliery , the scone of this awful calamity , the smoke continued so denao as to render any attempt to descend tho shaft useless . Up to seven o ' clock last night , there had boon little interaction in the appearance of affairs ; but the smoke was decreasing . The extent of the working is abont eighty acres , and for the water to nil the colliery and stop all ventilation ylU . require fivo days : so that should tho unhappy men ovon linger until that'timo without nsslatancQ being rendered , there is the certainty of their bolng drowned out . Tho number of men and hoys ascertained to ba below is not loss than forty . Thoro are no hopes of any being saved . Eight flre-onginoa are on the apot .
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1028 THE LEAD E R . [ No . 445 , October ^ , 1858 .
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^~ ^ _ y * SATURDAY , OCTOBER 2 , 18 S 8 .
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There is nothing so revolutionary , because there is nothing so unnatural and convulsive , as the strain to keep things fixed when all the world is by the very law of its creation in eternal progress . — Auxolix
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Citation
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Leader (1850-1860), Oct. 2, 1858, page 1028, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse2.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct2262/page/12/
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