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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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TELEGRAPHIC CABLES . The following communication has been addressed to * morning contemporary by Cap tain Hall of the merchant navy , a relative of the renowned Oaptam Hall , B . N ., and himself well known as a daring and scientific navigator and a shrewd thinker upon all matters in any way bearing upon his profession . As all suggestions from really practical men on the subject of submarine telegraphs are worth consideration , we extract Captain Hall ' s letter in full for the consideration , and perhaps benefit , of those whom it may concern : — Sir > Permit me to make a few remarks upon tne construction of telegraphic cables . First : That gutta percha is not suitable for submarine purposes , because , when the temperature is low , the substance becomes somewhat brittle ; the consequence is , that a cable constructed of gutta percha will break from the conducting irire when any extra strain is given it beyond that which the gatta percha coating can withstand ; and it is a well known fact that gutta percha is a non-elastic gum , hence the objection to use it for submarine telegraphic purposes . .
,, . „ . „ That gutta percha becomes perfectly pliable at 212 deg . Fahrenheit there can be no doubt , and any change in temperature seriously affects it when used for telegraphic cables . ¦ I maintain , therefore , that all cables constructed of gutta percha , with spiral wire covering , as now used , cannot last for any great length of time . There is no doubt on my mind that th « Atlantic Gable s rendered inefficient by the elongation of the outer wiresy which has caused the gutta percha to snap in various places . I think this will not be disputed by practical men . If it be , I shall be happy to explain myself more fully to those who are acquainted with telegraph engineering .
I would recommend that the Atlantic Telegraph Company should have a cable that will suit all the purposes required , before they consent to another being made of gutta percha . It is undeniable that India rubber is far superior to gutta percha , and even when the latter is used the present mode of covering with wire is injurious to any cable , however well insulated . . I also object to the ua& of spun yam saturated with tar , as it has a tendency to dissolve gutta percha or India rubber .
I believe there is in existence a far superior method of covering with wire than the one used for the Atl anti c cable , arid which would render the cable lighter and considerably stronger than if it were made by any other means employed for such purposes . Yours respectfu ll y , "VVALTEB HAI-L . 10 , Pier-road , Erith , Nov . 25 .
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NAVAL AND MILITARY " . Captain Cafe , 4 th Pdnjab Rifles . —The following heroic conduct ought to be fully made known : —¦ On the attack on Rhodamon , on the 15 th of April , commanded by Brigadier Walpole , in which that gallant , soldier , the BEon . A . Hope met his death , Lieutenant Edward Willougbby sank ' morta ll y wounded on the glacis , and his body was not known to be missing until the recal of the attacking party , when Captain Cafe at once resolved to rescue i t , if possible , and heading a little land of
volunteers , consisting of two privates of the 42 nd Highlanders ( Edward Spence and Thompson ) , with two native officers , and two privates , of his own regiment , he succeeded , in spite of a terrific fire , in bringing the remains of young Willoughby into camp , but not without the loss of one of the Sikhs , and also of the gallant Edward Spence . Cafe , placing the body of young Willoughby in safety , returned , undaunted , to tbe scene of danger , in order that he might also rescue poor Spenco from the enemy ' s grasp , but in this attempt , though successful , he was dangerously wounded .
Coixhskl . Helt Hutciunbon . —A statement has been widely circulated in India to the effect that Colonel Hely Hutchinson , of the 35 th Regiment , attended a parade , on whichj notwithstanding the terrible heat , the men were buttoned up in great coats ; that lie was helped from his palkee , propped on sticks ; that ho liobblocl into the centre of the square , and talked something about eading the men to victory . A letter has within the last few days been received from that officer , dated Pinapbre , the 28 rd of September , declaring that the story is a vile libel in every respect , and we have hia authority for contradloting every word of It .
tuting washing once a week with warm water from th « boilers in lieu of cold from over the side , and the crew to turn out at half-past five o ' clock instead of fonr . French Floating Batteries . —The experiments . in naval gunnery which have recently been tried at Portsmouth have attracted notice in France , and it it asserted that from the different construction of the French ships from that of the English floating batteries , the shot , which went right through the latter , would only produce a deflection of a few inches in the iron covering of the French vessels ¦
. _ .. . .,, __„ Sblf-mutilation . —At Chatham , a private belonging to the 81 st Regiment , named George Drower , fired a rifle bullet through his right leg , shattering it in a most fearful manner . The man was conveyed to the garrison hospital , where the shattered limb was amputated . His object in mutilating himself was to be discharged from the army . As soon as he is able to leave the hospital he will be brought to trial before a court-martial . A short time ago a soldier at Chatham chopped off one of his fingers to procure his discharge .
Holv-stonijsig . — Captain G . T . Gordon , of the Hannibal , 91 , depdt of the steam fleet in reserve at Portsmouth , has mudean alteration in the routine duties of the crew , which is most considerate' and humane . It is the practice in the floot to ' ¦ rouso out" « t lour o ' clock in the morning to holy-atone and scrub docks . Thin in the . winter is work which may bo considered oqual to punishment , the cold water frequently freezing on the decka and keeping thorn damp all dttyf The « rew muat bo a hardy and well-seasoned ono on which euoh a systom would not introduce a largo quota to tlio elok bay . Captain Gordon has ordered the discontinuance altogether , for the winter months , of holy stoning—aubstl-
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Pnblic Works have some business to Bettle there alout a dock , which has been planned a long time , bat the execution of which has , for various reasons , been continually postponed . Count Cavour is conducting a strict inquiry concerning all the charitable institutions , which iit Genoa are numerous , ancient , and splendid , but -very badly administered . The Premier is also desirous of introducing better regulations into the steam navi gation service on the Mediterranean . Two Russian vessels of war have arrived at Villafranca , and have taken possession of the buildings let to the Russian Steam Company .
The continental papers are discussing the possibility of a war between Sardinia and Austria . Disputes have arisen between Modena and Sardinia . A letter from Turin says :- — " We must not forget that behind Modena stands Austria , behind Piedmont , France . Numbers here persist in believing that Avar is becoming more and more probable every day . We hear quotations from letters written in Paris , in which there are broad hints that the Imperial Government is making , as quietly and secretly as possible , strong military preparations . We in Piedmont hear that something of the same kind is going ; on here . " SPAIN . The Spanish Government has ordered a survey to be made for ascertaining the most convenient spot on their Mediterranean shores for laying a telegraphic cable to place Spain in communication with the Canary Isles .
CONTINENTAL NOTES . FRANCE . The Emperor and Empress are expected at the Tuileriea on Dec . 2 . . The Moniteur contains a decree for establishing a Caisse des Trayaux de Paris . This bank will have the management of all financial business relating to the execution of public works in Paris , and will have a power of issuing credit-notes to meet the requirements of the service , but only within prescribed limits . The Emperor has pardoned Gomez , Orsini s servant , altogether , and he is to be set at large on the Sardinian frontier . . . .., ' ' ., The new administrative organisation of Algeria has been announced to its inhabitants by public proclamation .- The proclamation says that Algeria has ceased to be a colony . ¦ ¦ ' :
. .. The Leader and Saturday Review were seized at the Paris Post-office on Sunday . There is a French law which makes it obligatory on manufacturers to send to school all their factory children under twelve . The school is , of course , Catholic . Mr . Walk « r , an English lace manufacturer in St . Pierre , lids been summoned for having two English children in his service without sending them to school . He pleaded that they were Protestants and the school was Catholic , but the plea did not avail , Mr . Walker was fined on the ground that the defendant's argument tended to create for foreign Protestants a position which would enable them to compete unfairly with Frenchmen . The Paris newspapers are prohibited in future from touching not only the subject of the Jew boy Mortara , which has given rise to some controversy between the Uni vers and the Liberal press , but any question
whatever that has reference to religion . Baron Rothschild , of Paris , has sent 10 , 000 francs to the parents ot the boy Mortara , so that they may take legal measures to obtain the release of their child . I t is asserted tha t an Anglo-French fleet will leave on the 19 th December for the Gulf of Mexico . The French fleet will have on board a battery of artillery in . order to oppose any enterprise of the filibusters against Central America . The French Government candidates for seats in the Legislative Body in the departments of Ain , Nievre , and the Meuse , have been elected without opposition . advices from
The French Government has received Jeddah of the 3 rd . From these it would appear that the Porto shows shuffling respecting the indemnity , and that the principal movers in the late massacre are permitted to remain , unmolested . From Alexandria , of Nov . 10 , we learn that tue Ottoman Commissioners not having reached Jeddab , U . Emerat had caused the arreat of ten of the principal merchants and tlio Cadi . M , Boulay ( do la MeurtUe ) , formerly Vice-Presidont of the French Republic , died on Wednesday . He mot with an accident on entering his carnage a few days sinco , by which hia leg was Injured , and gangrene supervowed M . Barrot has boon appointed to rep laco M . do Turgot at Madrid
. ... The Journal de la Corae mentions some Intolerant conduct of tho clergy of Ajacolo in connexion with . the death of a gentleman nntnud Bocqx , who had arrived about ft fortnight back in that town , On taking an inventory of his effects , thore was found among other books a Bible printed in London , and that Jaot was sufficient to Induce tho clergy of Ajacoio to refuse tlio admission of tho body into any of tho churches ot tlio town , or afford It the usual Christian burial .
Tho Sardinian Government ia about to follow tli * examnlo of Franco , and establish oxtonsivo donOts ol corn and flour at Turin , Genoa , Alexandria , and Novara . Tho journals have announced tho opening of tho Ohambora for the Ord of next month . Count Oavour la at Genoa : tho Minjofcor of Finance and tho Minister ot
The Queen is to open the Cortes in person . A statement appears in the Ministerial Madrid journals , tlat the leaders of the Progresista and Moderado parties have agreed to co-operate to upset the Ministry . The Spanish cruising . squadron sent to Vera Cruz is not to attempt the seizure of the place , but is to confine itself to protecting the life and property of Spanish subjects in Mexico . A petition from Havre urges upon the Trench Government that it should do the same for French subjects . One of the religious journals announces that a beautiful Jewess , daughter of' wealthy parents , ba 3 been priyatelv baptised after having been instructed by the Countess de Hufriane > , one of tlte most influential members of the old aristocracy ! and who is known for her zeal in the Instruction of the poor . '
Advices from Madrid state that church robberies , that were almost unknown in . Spain fifty years ago , are becoming more frequent than ever . The latest instances given are the churches of Sotillo and Molinos , in the province of Soria , which had been rifled of everything of value . Activity reigns in the Ordnance Department in Madrid , and the arsenals of the kingdom are . being furnished with everything ready for an emergency . The expedition to Cochin-China has not given
satisfaction to Spain , judging from what the Madrid papers say . After Touran had been taken by tho allied force of France and- Spain , the town and the neighbouring district were taken possession of in the name of 1-ranee only . Spain is naturally enough offended . She encounters the risk , she helps to pay the treasure , andslie is ready for the sacrifice of tlio life of her subjects engaged in the expedition ; but it appears that , mtlie hour of victory , France has no recollection of any services but those she has herself supplied .
Seiior Koa d'Olaiio has been appointed Governor or Cuba . ' General Concha will remain in liavannah until tho difficulties with Mexico arc arranged . _ _ Tiio squadron destined to act against the lvifl pirates loft Cadiz on the 22 nd . Tlio 19 th being tho Queen ' s fete , a grand drawingroom was hold by her Majesty , and 00 , 000 reals were distributed to tho various charitable odtnblishnion s oi tho capital , but a grand review of tho garrison , wliictt had been projected , had to bo poutponod on account ot tlio very unfavourable state of tho woathcr . At Cadiz , on tho 11 th , there was a slight shock ol aa earthquake . Some Englishmen woro making purchases of merino sheep in Andalusia for export to Australia . order
The Madrid Gazette contains a Itoynl fc ™ " * permission to mnko a survey for n trainwny from Oamiia to Denia , in tlio province of Alicante . It tins tram « ro > should bo made it will bo available for . tnuwpoit » seventy-six well-peopled village ! in the district , aw con be done at the expense of-1 , 000 , 000 of roals onlj . XUUKICY , ,. | Lottors from Constantinople stato that an . kntf »«•» steainor had arrived thcr . with a portion of the onocij for the Turkish loan contracted for in London , out » tho Government having lost the billof lading , t » ee » pla [ J refused to deliver up tho cash until it was roducoti , n » u threatened to return to England unloas tlna was apoouiy done . It was eaid that telegraphic mossatfo * w oro i bo sont tp tho shipper that orders might bo given to
captain on the suhjoot . .. t A letter fvom lialffrudo , dated Nov . 10 , «''^ J " tho flOHHion of the Skountxuhlim i « udjoiirm .. I , I" 'W tho Sonata'had flxoil tlio period or lu mcoliiitf »» sitting of the 10 th of November . VA . VAU STATICS . minal Tlio P , f *> publishes an nrtlolo on tho 1 ont » flnanooa , from which It appears thnt they « uo In n ^ u . pldatod condition , chiefly ow iitf to * 'V uono oxnendltwro in tho law oourta In tlw city of Komo .
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1280 THE LEAPEB . [ go- ^ Sg ^ j ^ vEMBERJTqsss ,
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foreign Sitfelligence .
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Leader (1850-1860), Nov. 27, 1858, page 1280, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse2.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct2270/page/8/
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