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THYvrmTTT* T74OTQ TO"n STmT75TTnw<« THOUGHTS, FACTS, AJTD SUGGESTIONS
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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magistracy should be no longer allowed to act upon the country and City benches ; the whole system of bail should be rooted up ; and every prisoner awaiting trial should be kept in safe custody , but provided wdth a home , and every other liberty and co mfort suitable to his social position , and in Jiarmony with the theory of the law . Until this is done , let us hear no more of the inouldy com mou-place . that a man is considered innocent until proved guilty by a jury of liis countrymen .
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THE INDIAN MUTINY . Tite recent intelligence from India is not altogether of the most consolatory character . We are still lighting , beating , and pursuing an enemy almost ubiquitous , and " seemingly without limit as to numbers . Let us again put the question that we have put more than once in this journal—Are the best means being- taken by the military authorities in India to tread out the remaining but numerous sparks of this tremendous mutiny ? In short , is Lord Clyde doing what is most needful with the enormous means now at his command to crush
the bands of brigauds that are devastating the North-west Provinces , and by their example keepiu " alive the smouldering feeling of discontent and fallacious hope which is known to pervade , several other districts and races under our sway ? We fear that either Lord Clyde is not the man for the disastrous emergency , or that the infirmities and tardiness of age unlit him for dealing with a foe like the mutinous Sepoys ; or . that , . possibly ,, he may be too much absorbed in studying what will be most agreeable to the authorities at home . In any one of these cases it would be a positive misfortune
to the country and an irreparable source of mischief to India . Why does not Lord Clyde , instead of arraying the military force in India against the rebels in scientific order and in army-like masses , direct the various sections of the military to attack when and where they can come up with their enemy . If this guerilla system were pursued , a few months would suffice to see all India tranqnfllised . If formal war is to be carried on , then another year will elapse before rebellion , is effectually crushed , and millions upon millions more will have to be expended . We do not make these remarks from even the remotest wish to detract
from the known merits and abilities of Lord Clyde or the Governor-General who , singularly enough , finds it necessary to be where the Conunander-in-Chicf of the forces is ; \ ve know what we have said will find a vide echo in Indian circles .
Thyvrmttt* T74otq To"N Stmt75ttnw≪« Thoughts, Facts, Ajtd Suggestions
Sir Hamilton Seymour returned from St . Petersburg , where he had rendered sueh memorable service to his country , and sacrificed his own high position by his patriotic conduct there , he was in no hurry to form a domestic establishment in London - was there any sense or reason therefore that lie should be disqualified for performing the most ordinary act as a British freeman ? When Captain . Denman , worn out with his exertions to put down the slave trade on the coast of Africa , sought rest and health for a season among hisi relatives in Ens-land , was it decent or fit that he should
be made to feel that of them all he alone was disfranchised , because , more conspicuously than any of them , he had been engaged in the service of lud country , and had not stayed at home to pay rates and taxes ? Dr . Livingstone , the intrepid missionary and explorer of the previously unknown regions of the Zambesi , spent last year amongst us : was it right that he should be debarred from legally giving his opinion at the general election that took place before his eyes ? These maybe called exceptional cases ; but they are types of classes of men whom the nation dishonours itself when it disfranchises .
Again , there are classes of educated and meritorious individuals who have preferred spending their lives in comparative poverty rather than forego the praiseworthy pursuits to which they are devoted . The mathematician , the painter , the man of letters , the inventor of new forms of mechanism , the schoolmaster , and the minister of religion ^ are oftentimes to be found in humble dwellings which they cannot call their own . Are there in the whole community any set of men whom it would be more scandalous and senseless to treat with political slight ? And yet there arc persons calling themselves Liberals , nay . Radicals , who , were Dr . Johnson , Oliver
Goldsmith , or Samuel Coleridge now alive , would bid them stand aside while thousands whom such men were fitted to teach marched confidently to the poll . The true friends of reform are they who wish to infuse into English institutions all those elements of worth and greatness that England traditionally loves . They seek to graft no exotic boughs upon our native stem . They feel and know that little reliance in rough weather can be placed on that which is not only indi g enous , but is universally acknowledged to' be so . Curious plants may be brought . alive . from far , and by dint of forcing and tending made to look for a while as though they were capable of being acclimatised ; but their roots strike not deep into the soil ; there is no shelter beneath their branches ; the truth of natural growth
is not in them ; and prized and lauded as they may be by a dilettanti few , their eventual destiny is decay and disappearance . Now , if there be two things which are habitually and instinctively associated in the English mind with national health and vigour , it is the principle of taxation and representation going hand in hand , and the principle that the public ought to be served by the best intellects hi-the community . No rational man recommends household suffrage on the false pretence that nil householders are equally intelligent , discerning , or wise in political affairs ; nobody who is not a uasc and lyiug flatterer of the people will venture to sny that there arc not among the ratepayers of every county and town a great many stupid ana ignorant individuals . The true and honest ground of their claim , is that as all of them contribute out
THOUGHTS , FACTS , AJTD SUGGESTIONS ON PARLIAMENTARY REFORM . Ko . iy . Household suffrage would enfranchise the industry of the country . JJut it is equally desirable that intellect should be endued with the rights of citizenship . That the hands by which the national bread is earned , and the national iiag defended , should be enlisted in the political service of the state , is the wish of every just and grateful man . That the lmrd heads , who , in the various walks of science , literature , morals , law , invention , and art , contribute to the glory and happiness of the nation , should be at the same time specially invested with civil privileges , is the thought of every reflecting and far-sighted man amongst us . Industry and intellect ~ thcse arc the two great elements ot tho incroased vitality wo hope to sec imparted to the constitution . Not the indubtiy alone without the intellect , . or tho intellect to tho exclusion of the industry , but both together , in right of the specific and positive good that is in it , and for the sake of the augmented strength and stability which eaoh is capable of imparting to existing institutions .
I hero are , no doubt , some narrow-minded persons who boliovo in nothing but bricks and mortar , aucl who look with " jealousy on . tho proposal to cufranchise a physician , an artist , a scholar , or u soldier , unless ho happons to pay u few shillings poorrates in his own namo , and to rout a hc-uso of his own . When Sir Colin . Campbell came back from the Crirnea if ho had not taken to housekeeping , these churlish fellows would not havo suffered him to vote at tho election of a member of Parliament \ ? ot no sooner was our Indian Empire in jeopardy l > ftu they were glad . enough to get the gallant old Sonera ! to go forth , to rosouo it from rum . When
of their industry to sxipport the State , all should be recognised as having a standing within its pale . But after this great admission is made , there will still remain the opposite ( not conflicting ) chum ou the score of learning , thought , and skill which no oiviliscd country can or will ignore . Every graduate of a university , every member of the bar , every licentiate of the medical profession , every retired soldier or sailor who has served his country for a given time , every minister of religion , every professor of science or teacher of youth , every engineer and inventor , every skilled artisan who has served his time or who has for so many years practised his trade as a printer , a machinist ,. a cabiuetmrtkor , &o ., ought to be entitled to register for the district where ho statedly ,, resides , whether he bo a householder ov not .
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the Idiot—nicknamed by the Yiennese " Ferdinand with the My-flap , " from its having been his wont to devote most of his royal attention to the kingly occupation of killing flies—had hitherto been suffered to figure as head of the state . But now , when the gory work of striking down revolution , and offering up hecatombs of victims to the Moloch of Reaction , had to be performed , it was deemed necessary , by the military party then forming the council of the Court , to set up a sovereign better fitted for the horrible work about to be undertaken . The supreme power of the Government , it must be
remembered , was at that time centred in a fevr generals of that portion of the army which had remained faithful to the . cause of the dynasty There were Radetzky , Windischgratz , Haynau , Jellachich , Clam-Gallas , and some other leaders of the VTallenstein stamp , who held the fortunes of the House of Hapsburg in their hands . These men , of the sword set themselves up as a sort of military oligarchy . They dubbed themselves ostentatiously enough " Die HoAe Generalitdt" a denomination through which their ambitious aspirations were made sufficiently apparent .
Perhaps , had they been able to agree among themselves " as to . their respective shares of the plunder , they would have had but few scruples in tearing up the Austrian Empire into semi-independent satrapies . This , at least , was the aim and object of that Pan-Sclavist arch-conspirator the 13 anus Jellachich of Crotia . But , fortunately for the Imperial House , the rivalry among the members of the Hohe General itcit was too strong , and their fear of the power of the revolution too great , for them to pursue any other policy than that of endeavouring to re-establish the throne on a firmer basis . Thus Francis
Joseph was , as it were , elected by them as Ernperor , after Ferdinand had been dethroned , and his legitimate successor , Francis Charles , the father of the present ruler ,, prevailed -upon to . resign-Ms * claims to the purple . The young Emperor had no sooner commenced governing under the auspices of his unprincipled mother , Archduchess Sophia , than the reign of terror , initiated in November , ISiS , by the murder of Robert Blum , was extended over all the provinces of the empire . Henceforth , the crackling ^ sound of court-martial fusillades never ceased , i ' or
yearsthe hangman ' s office was a laborious one , plying , as he did , his accursed trade on the best and bravest of the country . The morose temperament of Francis Joseph found a congenial occupation in . superintending these wholesale executions ; it seemed as if Charles IX ., the butcher of St . Bartholomew ' s night , was again in the flesh . The people gazed in horror at the unceasing red libations that the youthful Nero poured daily out to satisfy the cravings of his unrelenting hate . Wherever mea yet dared to tell to each other their griefs and fears ,
they vented their curses on the " tigress '—for this was the name under which that Catherine , the Archduchess Sophia , was generally known . The sobriquet bestowed upon the Emperor himself was of a similar character . The epithet is , however , most difficult to render into English , the significance of it lying in tho play of words , most graphic in . German , but lost m the translation . He was called der Blut-Tunge — literally meaning" young iu blood , " an appellation in which his extreme youth is contrasted with the amount of blood already on those boyish hands . Indeed , his ambition seemed day by clay to more fully merit this horrible surname . The hideous dramatic
eifect he contrived at the execution of tho academiclegionaries at Vienna , where tho victims were compelled to dig their own (/ raves before baring thoii breasts for the bullet that was to consign them to the earth they had just disturbed—the scenes of flogging to death that occurred in Hungary and . Lombardy—the hanging , at Arad , of the most distinguished generals ana statesmon of Hungary , amoug them a near relation of tho Queen of this country—tho indiscriminate- murders committed by 4 Ka ii \ iv \ Aninl * Dn * - » # l « - \ ii ¦• £ > i ^ ii'l Q > vni * nnr 7 niina niYAinfill
whole villages that were accused of disaffeotion , where every species of atrocity was enacted , men , women , and children destroyed by stool and by lire , some oven dragged to death at tho tails of horsos , — - all this , dono under tho sanction and approval pj his Imperial , Royal , and Apostplio Majesty , would lead tho render to suppose ho has before nun rather tho history of Genghis-Khan pr Iwnerlane than tho story of a policy pursued by a civilised Government some brief Imlf-dozon yews smoo . Nor 1 mb Francis Joseph , singe " order has boon re-established , " dono anything to obUtorato the
BIOGRAPHIES OF GERMAN PRINCES , ' No . IV . FBANCIS JOSEPH , EMPEROR OF AUSTRIA . When tho present Emperor ascended the throne , in tho midst of tho turmoil of insurrections spreading over the cntiro surface of tho empire , he was but oighteen years of ago . His uncle , Ferdinand
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No . 4 . U , December 4 , 1858 . 1 THE DEADER . 1323
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Citation
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Leader (1850-1860), Dec. 4, 1858, page 1323, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse2.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct2271/page/19/
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