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Leader (1850-1860), 4th December 1858, Edition 1 of 2, Page 1327, Untitled Article

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      Untitled Article

      scribm" the Italian vowel system as one of needless confusion , but we think Sir Charles Trevelyan will , on consideration , bear us out , for , after all , it is not a contest for any fancy of his or of any of his colleagues , but a question how far such men , engaged m a noble undertaking , can be assisted in achieving the greatest amount of success . Therefore we say plainly that the introduction of the Italian system causes needless confusion , for the object even of the Trevelyan party might be attained , and yet the objections be removed . Thus the party insist on ushie with the sound of a , i with the sound of e ,

      " s , \ A \ with the sound short oo . It is but to subject these anomalous letters to diacritical points or accents , and the evil will be avoided . Then the Hindoo student will give to these symbols the tvished-for sounds , but he will not be taught that the letters e , i , and # unmarked are in English types of the assigned sounds . It comes to this , in fact : the exclusion of plain e , i and u from the Indian alphabet , and as a total measure the reform of m and au . The Indian languages will have a distinctive alphabet , and both the English and Hindoo student will be assisted \\ x their studies .

      Oil such a basis the study of English _ by the Hindoo could be greatly promoted , for in his early studies the anomalous powers of the English vowels could be represented in the elementary books by m , ci , e , e , &c , the symbols representing to the Hindoo the correct accustomed sounds .

      Untitled Article

      NORTHERN BENGAL RAILWAY . This ¦ undertaking , ' which is for the purpose of cam-ills' a railway from Rajmahal to Darjeeling , connecting Calcutta with the latter place , has received the approval of the local authorities , and the last mail announces that the principle has been sanctioned by the . Bengal' Government , and that its construction for the military and poltitical purposes for which it is proposed is considered merely one of time . It is expected that the Supreme Government will be of opinion-that with the advance of the line from Calcutta to Itajinahal , the time for a guarantee to the company has now arrived .

      Untitled Article

      NORTH OF INDIA , . TRAM 110 AD COMPAKY . As late events in India have prevented the autliorkies from coming to an immediate decision on the proposals of the North of India Tramroad Company , which is for the purpose of filling up the niihvay territory between Lahore and Delhi , and of working up Kumaon iron , the directors have only been able to lay before the shareholders at the meeting the correspondence with the Government , which holds out good hopes of success .

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      CHINA . Our advices from Hong-Hong are to October 13 . The Chinese Commissioners nintle their appearance at Shanghae on the 3 rd of October , but nothing had been done , as the Commissioners required rest after their journey , and were waiting for the arrival of Poontipqua from Canton , before proceeding to the revision of the tariff . It is supposed that tUe duties on tea and silk will remain unchanged . The duty on imports will be reduced to a five per cent , ad valorem rate . Lord Elgiu is said to bo " hand and glove" with the Shanghao Chamber of Commerce , and is acquiring groat personal popularity in the north .

      If the China Mail is correctly informed , Lord Elgin received instructions from home to propose a clause in the treaty "with China surrendering the Cowloong peninsula to tho colony of IJong-Kong . There is great probability that this cession will bo made , Canton fc quiet , but littlo business is being done , except in a kind of underhand way . Tho merchants expect to have to contribute largely to tho indemnity money , and they are unwilling to como forward lest they should be * ' squeezed" twice . A fearful typhoon passed over Swatow , commencing at 11 i * . iw . on " tho 21 nt September . Tho tide rose from eightcon to twenty foot . It is said that upwards of two hundred junks were wrecked , and tho loss of life amongst thorn was very great . The hurricane seems to have been local ; or , if it travelled , it haa done so inland . At Ainoy , there wai only a sharp north-easter .

      Untitled Article

      The Japanese , as a nation , have to be rendered con . sumers of our products ; at present only a few of the wealthier classes are inclined to spend their superfluous cash on European articles . Dutch , Americans , Russians , and English will vie with each other in supplying the market , which will soon be overstocked , and , aa we hare said , until new wants are created , we are likely to gain nothing but a loss from the trade . Of the returns from Japan the same may be safely predicted . - The greatest difficulty will be experienced in obtaining cargoes of any value for the European market , until , on their part , the Japanese have learnt how to develop the natural resources of their country for the advantage of a European trade .

      TliA ± > E WITS !"« OnPAT 97 ~ In Fraser's Magazine appears an interesting article upon this subject . The writer says the Japanese are naturally ¦ uspicious , cunning , and astute , and very much inclined to get the better of the foreigner in all commercial dealings with him . . ' ' It is not enough for us to have opened the ports of Japan , unless we find there a market for our goods , and profitable returns . In order to bring about these desirable results , we must commence by creating fictitious or real wants among a nation that has hitherto existed without any support from European industry . The Wares introduced by the Dutch are all articles of luxury , and those imported by Chinese traders , through ¦ whose means Americans and English in Asia have indirectly traded for years with Japan , are of the same nature . ,

      The cargo hitherto imported by the Dutch , by order of the Japanese Government , consisted chief ly of tin , lead , quicksilver , powdered sugar , cloves , pepper , cottons , ginghams , &c The Kombang , or private trade , was carried on in the same articles , with the addition of . those we are now about to enumerate . "With regard to stuffs , cloths , &c , sent to Japan , it is necessary to remind the exporter that unless they are of the requisite width , they are likely to remain unsold , or to turn out a very bad speculation . Thus , cloths ought to be sent in pieces , about 25 \ yards in length , by as near as possible 41 inches in width . They ought to be thick , fine , and glossyy with broad black list , or selvage . Cachemiresf , of the satne length , but only 28 | inches broad ; camlets , of the same length , but only 32 £ inches broad ; watered camlets of the same length , but only 28 J inches broad ; printed woollen velvets ( trijp ) , of the same length , but only 23 inches broad .

      Besides these articles , Patna , Bengal , arid European chintzes , red cottons , Adrianopie red stuffs , Armozyna , Kaliatour-wood and elephants' tusks may be advantageously introduced . ' With regard to the latter , it is likewise necessary to observe that great attention must be paid to the size and weight of the different qualities . Glass and crystal wares find , too , a ready sale . Small wine-glasses and drinking vessels of middling quality are most in request . Watches , clocks , mirrors , telescopes , and other optical instruments are much , sought after by the wealthier classes , and all drugs , if of good quality , may be advantageously disposed of .

      With regard to return cargoes we have but little to say . The copper mines of Japan are yery Tich , but the Government has always jealously limited the export of that or any other metal . The next article in value is camphor , and then there are lacquered wares , silks , and crapes , which latter we get in abundance from India and China , so that it may be fairly doubted if it would turn out to the merchant ' s advantage to bring them over from a greater distance . Yellow and white wax , dried ink-fish ( zeeJcat ~ ) , for Chinese consumption , whalebone , camphor-wood , and mother-of-pearl , are among the few wares at present adapted for exportation . The future will enable us to form an opinion as to tho coals we are likely to get from Japan . At present we know nothing about their quantity or quality .

      India

      forces , closely pursued by Lieutenant Kerr ' s Mahratta horse- He has applied to know on what terms he may surrender . There is an apparent discrepancym the intelligence , as the same telegram informs us " that on the 25 th General Michel intercepted the march of the Rao's army , about 3000 strong , at Kurraj ; they were routed , threw away their arms , and were driven to Khimlassa . From Oude we hear of the defeat , by Major Raikes , of a body of 4000 rebels at Jepuldapore ; the enemy had seventy killed ; no loss on our side . On the 20 th of October the Nusseerabad brigade was defeated by a

      force from Sultanpore , and lost three gans , three elephants , and all their material . On the 21 st the strong fort of Birra , near Sundeela , was captured . Our loss was fifty wounded , but not many killed . Lieutenant Carnegie , of the Engineers , was wounded . On the 23 rd of October , some place which the telegram calls Inbrowlet , was attacked by 5000 rehels , with four guns ; they were repulsed , losing 150 men killed , and all their guns . Lieutenant Milford , of Hodson's Horse , was severely wounded ; none killed . On the 29 th of October Beni Madho , ' -with 20 * 000 rebels , attacked our force at Saourwa . The rebels were beaten back , losing two guns . No

      casualty among the Europeans . In-Bengal , Sir H . Havelock , Col . Turner , and Col . Walter , have severally beaten large detached bodies of rebels . _ . Her Majesty ' s Proclamation was read at all the Presidency towns —at Lucknow , Lahore * Hyderabad , Nagpore , " Mvsore , and Rangoon , on the 1 st of November .

      A FAITHFUL AT-LY OF THE BRITISH . Mr . Russell writes to the Times ; — "At HTmballah your correspondent had an interview with the Maharajah of Putteeala , who gave him a very distinguished reception at his capital , about twenty miles from Umballah ; came out of the city to meet him , and received him , in company with Mr . " Melvill , the Commissioner , and Major Dodgson , in state in his palace . I- trust that the Maharajah when he visits England next year will receive the welcome due to such a constant , honourable , and invaluable ally , but for whose aid , be it remembered , we could not have remained before Deltti . The Maharajah is a man in the prime of life , of some thirtythree or thirty-four years of age , of commanding stature and fine presence , inclining to obesity , a handsome oval hk

      face , black flowing beard , moustache and wisers , Grecian nose , and large dark eyes of the almond shape , which is so much admired by the Asiatics . His Court is the last which is left in the north-west of India , and is maintained with Oriental magnificence . As a governor he is absolute in his own dominions , which he rules vigorously and energetically with his own hands . During our difficulties in the North-West he lent Mr . Barnes , our able and intelligent Commissioner , 210 , 000 / . for the use of Government , and he is now desirous of obtaining the payment of that sum in order that he may visit England in the spring ; nor is he without hope that he may be permitted to accompany Sir John Lawrence as a " fellow-passenger . The Maharajah is the more to be praised for his fidelity because his conduct is in opposition to the sympathies of many of his people . "

      INDIA . Thk Calcutta mail which arrived on Sunday last brings intelligence principally confirmatory of that already received from Bombay . For some time pnst incessant accounts have appeared of akirmishes , more or loss potty , which were all instigated by a proclamation issued by tho Begum of Oude . This princess , who has more sense and nerve than ftll her generals , conceived the idea of a combined attack . She believed that if all the posts wore attacked at once , the English , taken by surprise , must be beaten at some one point , and any victory , however unimportant , would have brought thousands to hoi * standard . Tho plan failed utterly through the incapacity and cowardice of tho subordinate leaders , news of whoso defeat in detail has been already published .

      Telegraphic news was received , on Wednesday night , in London . From Central India we have intelligence that , oa tho 19 th , General Michel , twenty miles southwest of Sullutpore , surpriaod' tho rebels under Tantia Topee , killed 400 , and took all their guns , three in number . The pursuit was continued for nine miles . The British loss was very small , only two being killed , ami fourteen wounded . The robuls , after their defeat , ileil towards TuU Behut on tho river Betwah . They seem to have remained at that place but a short time , and then to have doubled back from Sulthpoora in a southern

      direction , pursued by tho force under Major-Genorol Michel . On tho 20 th they were at Cnrree , whore General Michel came up with them . They made no stand , and flod in every diroction . Six hundred rebels were cut up by tho cavalry . Tanila , Topee then pushed on with his remaining force towarda tho Nerbudda , which ho crossed between Hoshungabad and Nursingporo on the night of October 81 . Ilia force now consists of about 7 O 0 Q mon , very much dispirited . Brigadiers Smith and Park , and dotachod bodies of cavalry , arc in close pursuit , By thq latest accounts Tantia Toj ) oe waa in tho Siiidwarn district ofJb ho Nagporo province . Tho Foreign-office tolpgram saya : —" Tantia Topoo has succeeded in crossing the Norbuilda -with hia broken

      Untitled Article

      COCHIN-CHINA . Tubs Overland China Mail roporta that tho allied French and SpaniBh forco , having captured the city of Jouron , and two forta of Jeupoo , in Cochin-China , wore engaging guides to conduot their forco to Hue , tho capital of the country , whore it was said 100 , 000 native troops wore collected to meet them .

      Untitled Article

      Tnc Lixex Trade and the Treatv with Japan . — When the details of the recent treaty with Japan Tvere made known in this country , all persons connected with the linen trade were startled by observing that linen goods ware not included with cotton and woollen goods in tho class of articles to be admitted into Japan on payment of a duty of five per cent . The directors of the Dundee Chamber of Commerce immediately called tho attention of the Privy Council for Trade to the omission ,

      and asked whethor any explanation could bo given respecting it . The reply says : — " Under the recent treaty with Japan , as linens are not specified in tho second class of articles , which are to bo admitted on payment of 5 per cent , duty , which olaas included both cotton and woollen goods ; nnd as no reference is mnde to thorn in the first and third classes of enumerated articles , thoy appear necessarily to como within tho fourth class , and to bo liablo to a duty of 20 por cent . "—Dundee Adt / artiser .

      The Qranoe Ckoi > . ~~ Wo understand that tho supplyis likely to bo very deficient this year , Portugal haea fair average crop , but St . Michael is only about twothirds of what it was last year , ftml Torceira only about one-fourth . This falling off Is to bo »*« b » todto the very ' dry wehther which has prevailed , amounting fa some locality olwwt to a drpuglit .-Ztoterrt Comtw , Herald .

      Untitled Article

      No . 4 , 54 ,, December A , 1858-1 IE ! IBAPEB . 1827

  • Citation
    • Leader (1850-1860), Dec. 4, 1858, page 1327, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse2.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct2271/page/23/