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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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Countries . Imports . Countries . Exports . £ , . £ . United States ... 27 , 409 , 366 E . Indies , Gey-India , Ceylon , Ion , and SinandSingapore 11 , 036 , 411 gapore 13 , 669 , 586 France 10 , 199 , 371 United States ... 9 , 826 , 4 * 2 Bnssia ......... 6 , 305 , 123 Australia ....... 7 , 619 , 869 China & Hong- Hanse Towns ... 6 j 441 , 970 Kong 5 , 541 , 988 Holland 4 , 106 , 850 British West In- France 3 , 557 , 868
dies , including Turkey . . 2 , 978 , 493 Guiana 5 , 084 , 889 B . N . American Australia 4 , 314 , 202 Colonies 2 , 970 , 568 Holland ...... 4 , 206 , 680 Brazil 2 , 877 , 659 Egypt 3 , 833 , 947 Russia 2 , 455 , 392 Pem 3 , 550 , 832 China & Hong-Pmssia 3 , 107 , 006 Kong 2 , 013 , 531 Foreign West Foreign TTest 895723
Indies 2 , 925 , 938 Indies 1 , , la the present year , therefore , Russia falls below France for the value of imports , and Australia , without including bullion , rises above three of the countries which she was below in 1857 . Peru exceeds Prussia . Tor the value of exports , India this year surpasses considerably the United States . Turkey comes next to France , and before our North American colonies and before Brazil . For our own West India colonies we ale obliged to substi tute the foreign West India islands . As our own coloin the
nies , however , have taken more from us nine months of 1858 than 1857 , we suppose that the large increase in . our exports to the foreign West Indies is due to the increased consumption of their produce here , especially their sugar . We fepeatj however , that we mention none of these facts invidiously , for all the parts of our traffic are closelv connected with each other and exist together . If there be freedom for all , they will all grow in fair proportion . Like the limbs , they are all necessary to perfection , and to restrict or to mutilate any one is to disfigure and weaken the whole .
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London , Friday Evening . The last month of the year having now commenced , and all kinds of business being remarkably steady , there are few topics of interest to engage the attention of commercial writers , and only very faint hopes of any further change till after the beginning of the new year . Mercantile men look forward to having a good balance at their bankers ' , and embark in no new business that can be avoided . So the dulness of trade , of which so much has of late been said , continues , though the imports and consumption are very large . That it is not so active as in 1857 , of -which some persons complain , is only a proof of the general prudence . and to
In the week the corn market has been flat , - day , at Mark-lane , the sales were slow at Monday's quotations . Off the coast there are very large arrivals , especially of Indian corn . The price , which is declining , is now perhaps as low as it haa ever been . The arrivals were not large in the market , but they sufficed to keep prices dull . The Mincing-lane markets , particularly the market for tea , are all firm , and though the business doing is entirely for consumption . Our advices from the United States teach us to bolievo that the cotton crop this year will be larger than the famous orop of 1856 , and will cortainly not bo leas than 8 , 300 , 000 bales . The idea that has been set afloat of the great doflciency of this raw material is without foundation .
Gentlemen of Liverpool connected with the corn trade , in conjunction with gentlemen from Glasgow , Hull , and other places , have , in a public mooting , adopted a resolution to buy and Bell all kinds of grain , meal , ami flour , by a weight of 100 lbs . avoirdupois . They recommend the trade , in order to put an ond to a variety of weights and measures throughout the kingdom ) to buy and soil by no other weight after February 1 st , 1859 . Such a plan , which is highly approved of horo , will introduce wore certainty into the value of tho commodity at different places , and substitute ono weight for many weights and moasuros . Though an Act of Parliament might bo necessary to apply this rule to corn and
raoal when imported , tho merchants and dealers propose at present merely to conclude all their own contracts according to this rulo . They holp thomsolvoe . Wo hope they will succeed in making Its use gonoral . While they wore recommending , however , an alteration of tho duty on corn and meal to 21 d . per lOOlbs ., it is a pity they did not rather propose to got rid of this last V rng of protection . " At loast , if statisticians must bo gratified by public oflloors kooping an account of all com imported , they might have suggested that it bo reduced to tho lowest coin of tho realm . As a counter , a farthing wor lOOlbs . would bo as good ns a shilling a quarter , and it would approximate our laws to that
freetrade legislation some amongst us properly demand from other nations . The French are nwakening to the necessity of having freedom for agriculture , and for dealing in its productions . M . Lebnce de Lavergne , well known for hia description of English agriculture , has published an essay in the Revue dea Deux Morides to show the present condition of agriculture in France * and how much it has suffered from losing sight of the principles of free trade , which French writers were the first to demonstrate . Agriculture has , 'in spite of restrictions , improved so much in France since the first Revolution , or the land under cultivation has increased , that 192 , 570 , 000 bushels of wheat and 275 , 100 , 000 bushels of potatoes were grown in 1848 , against 93 , 534 , 000 bushels of wheat , and 5 , 502 , 000 bushels of potatoes in 1789 . The rent of land , too , has increased from 29 fr . 55 c . per acre to 74 fr . 13 c , and the reward of the labourer haa be « n about doubled . The increase of foreign trade and manufactures in France , which has been perhaps fivefold since 1815 , when they were at a very low ebb , is the best encouragement for agriculture :, and as these expand agriculture must flourish . Though the French Government be ignorant , it does not want good-will . It patronises the " Credit Foiicier , " a bank for supplying landowners with capital on easy terms ( objectionable as this may be on principle , it is not worse than pur own plan of
lending the public credit to landlords ) , and intends > we believe , though it is terribly in error , to serve the farmers by taxing the bakers . The inquiry it has instituted into our agriculture is with a view to improve that of France . At a recent meeting of the Agricultural Society of Boulogne , M . A . Adam encouraged the agriculturists to exert themselves to procure free trade , and he assured his hearers that the Government was favourable to such views . As freedom is necessary to prosperity it must be had , and if it be not quietly conceded , the unwise coercion will at some time or other be got rid of by
violence . Business seems improving in France as well as at home . The Progres Industrie ! of Lyons says : —" Our manufactures continue in a state of great prosperity , but the number of workmen is insufficient . With the exception of figured silks , all others are in great demand . " The Russian Steam Navigation and Trading Company has established a regular line between London and Odessa . The managing director , who has left England ,
purchased here for this service eight steamers , and has contracted for the building of twelve more . The company possesses a fleet of forty steamers , and has opened an extensive river communication between the Black Sea and the interior . It has established regular lines between the different ports of the Black and Azoff Seas and the various Mediterranean ports—Marseilles , Trieste , Alexandria , Genoa , &c . —and is to open a communication via the River Rhion to Tin is . This is one of the many enterprises which will contribute to carry back trade from the "Western world to Asia , and infuse new life into the oldest inhabited part of the globe . Trade in the manufacturing districts for the past month has been generally good ; there are exceptional eases , but upon the wh . ole prices have heen rather higher , and profits , it is hoped , have been in proportion . The one great feature which has distinguished the trade of the country during this year is the absence of any outward appearance of speculation . What goods have been manufactured and what goods have been sold are believed to have been called for by the legitimate requirements of the country . The banks have hold aloof from granting accommodation , ' as it is termed , to speculative
firmsin particular the Liverpool banks—hitherto so forward to make " advances" on what may be considered as * "true bargains" in cotton and produce , have declined to lend themselves to assist in transactions that wore the least appearance of speculation . This has effected a good deal of advantage to the legitimate trade in the cotton and piece goods markets . As far as tho demand for manufactures is concerned , the past month has been one of unusual activity . The low prices at the beginning of tho month tempted buyers to come forward who had held their orders over ; this tended to clear off the stocks of cloth and to provide tho manufacturers with orders , which it is expected will kcop them going until the termination of tho year . Wo boliove that manufacturers are inclined to ask somewhat higher prices , but certainly they refuse to accept lower ; and as far as respects orders for immediate delivery , they do ask an advance on current rates . Wo have already stated that piece goods went to a low price , but the same was not the case with yarns , which felt the decline in prices only to tho extent of about one fourth , made up however to tho spinners by the advance on Indian numbers . As far aa the Liverpool trade is concerned , tho prospect is encouraging . We extract from Messrs . R . Freelnnd ' s circular tho following sum
a falling off to Rio and Pernambuco of 1268 , Hamburg and Rotterdam of 1852 packages , principally ypn * The following classification shows the proportions shipped to the various markets of the world : —¦ Packages . lbs . " Cotton Cotton Piece-goods . Tarns . East Indies 37 . 5 18 . 8 China ... 10 . 4 8 . 8 Australia , . 1 . 9 0 . 0 Central and South America 18 . 9 0-1 North America 9 . 9 O . 2 West Indies 2 . 5 0 . 0 Coast of Africa 2 . 7 O . 0 Turkey , Egypt , and Levant 9 . 2 8 . 3 The Cotton Market has not been very active . We have alreadv stated that prices have given way about | d . in " some qualities . There is no very great amount of speculation going on ; it would be impossible to extinguish speculation in cotton altogether , and with respect to the supply , the stock on hand is fair and the new crop is expected to make its appearance in the market in good time The latest report states : — " The stock is being rapidly reduced . On the 29 th October it amounted to 443 , 480 bales , and on the 26 th November , 298890 . Spinnershowever , rely upon the new crop
, , arriving in ample time to supply their wants ; and although bare of stock , buy only from hand to mouth . In yarns , a reduction on our last quotation of £ d . per lb . was made earlj' in the month , but this has been regained upon India qualities . The demand continues steady , but without further change in , prices . The goods market has been active , and for immediate delivery an advance of l ^ d . per piece can be obtained for madappolams , shirtings , jaconets , and T-cloths . Buyers are reluctant to contract beyond the close of the year * till they have further advices as to the effect of the immense supplies sent to the East India markets , which , together with China , have lately taken one-half of the production of the looms in this district . " . ¦ . '' ¦
The advices from Manchester are satisfactory . There is not much appearance of activity in the markets , but prices keep up well , and a very considerable business is being really transacted . We refer particularly to orders for India for cloths : —such as shirting , madapolams , jaconets , &c . There is also a good and steady demand for long and T-cloths . The foreign trade may be considered as brisk for this season , especially as regard * exports for the Indian and German markets . The firstnamed market excites some anxiety on account of the large quantity of goods ordered for it . The home trade is quieter , but in printing cloths a tolerable amount of business is reported at full prices . For early deliveries of yarns full rates have been readily obtained . We understand there has been some extensive orders for the China markets given out . It is understood that manufacturers have no large accumulation of stocks , and are
tolerably well under contracts . BjKMixcHAM , — The iron trade is not very brisk in South Staffordshire , though better than it has been in consequence of orders from , America , which our iron masters are regarding with more favouT . The trade for home supply has been more animated , bat no marked change has occurred since our last . The advance of j per lb . on . copper , which we noted at the time , has done good to the trade . The brass and copper but
trades may be said on the whole to be looking up , of course the trades are not so brisk now as they were two j'ears ago . As far as respects the heavy hardware and ironmongery trades , a satisfactory change has occurred , The large orders from India and Russia for railway materials have infused animation into the iron markets . The miscellaneous trades , although not doing a large business , are believed to be doing a steady business . The factors ' orders—as may be conceived at this time of theVear—are light .
Wolverhamptox .. —Our advices are satisfactory , to a certain extent . It is understood that the orders from Russia have mostly gone to Wales , where competition with South Staffordshire is very decided . The conciliatory course adopted by the master knife-makers to their workmen it is expected will be productive of great good . The concessions of the masters fell somewhat ; short of the requirements of the men , but the men have prudently agreed to accept them , and the new rates came into operation a few days ago . Leeds , —In woollen fabrics a fair trade for the season of the year is doing . In low , heavy goods only is there dulness ; the other branches are comparatively brisk . The character of tho trade is somewhat changing . The stocks in the Cloth-hall are not so large as heretofore , and tho sales proportionately less . The reason is , that the merchant and factor do business direct with each
mary . Tho total exports of cotton piece-goods and yarns for tho month sum up 100 , 688 packages , against 82 , 219 same time last year , and 05 , 872 in 1856 . The increase is principally made up by the largo shipments to Calcutta and Bombay , ' Calcutta having taken 21 , 527 packages against 72 C 7 , and Bombay 12 , 418 against 7642 . To Shanyhao tlioro is also an increase of I 960 packages in the montli ; to Constantinople of 2730 ; and to Now York of fliMO . On tho other hand , there is
other to a greater extent than in previous times , Nottingham . —Tho lace trade is still depressed . A few American orders havo been given out , but rlie German purchasers aro comparatively few in n » in « w-Tho manufacturers uro thinking about » tock-taking . x no hosiery trade is active . . Leickstku . — Tho stocking trade continues very active . The operatives aro in full employment , nt tho full rnto of wages , an mlvanoo of Is . is expected to bo domnnded by thorn , which will most probably bo acceded to .
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GENERAL TRADE REPORT .
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to N I o . 454 > , December 4 , 1858 . ] THE LEADER . 1329
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Leader (1850-1860), Dec. 4, 1858, page 1329, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse2.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct2271/page/25/
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