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Achim yon Arnimy her husband , and Clemens Brentano , her brother , -were likewise among the most celebrated poets of : the romantic school , Gifted with the highest imaginative talent , and endo-wed with a soul of the tenderest seiisibility , Bettiria was , unhappily , Wanting in the more earnest and solid requirements of composition . She remained as she was born—a ; child of genius . With her another of the surviving heroes from the great epoch of German literature has gone to the grave . She ¦ was born the daughter of a patrician family at Frankfort-on-the-Maihe , and married to a scion of one of the noblest houses of Prussia . One of her sons is Councillor of Legation in the service of Prussia . At
• Mkchanics' Institutes .- ^— the Sbadwell Sailors Institute llr , Buckmaster has delivered aii interesting lecture on mechanics' institutes and the education of the ¦ working classes . The lecturer was evidently strongly impressed with the desirability of making these institutions schools for the education of the working man in the principles of social science . He also condemned the class prejudices ¦ which distinguish our literary societies . Intense Provincialism of the Scotch . —At this moment a Scotchman is the Queen ' s representative in Ireland ; a Scotchman is the Chief Justice of our Highest Court ; a Scotchman has been entrusted with the mission of bringing China and Europe into working intercourse ; a Scotchman was the last
Governor-General of India . Could such honours have been within , their reach had the efforts of Scotland ' s most gifted sons been confined to that small section of country which lies between the Highland boundary and the little river Tweed ? In the South , when they come among us , they are considered ^ as bone of our bone , and flesh of our flesh . But let ; us go northwards , and we suddenly find ourselves among nien wrapped up in a kind of transcendental notion of their own perfection . They are Scotchmen ,-we are Englishmen , and must hide our diminished heads . The : plain inference we draw is , that a Scotchman is
provincial still ; he cannot shake off the prejudices of his own parish and family . We should as soon expect to hear an Englishman declare " that his heart glowed with an indescribable throbbing at the recollection that he was ah inhabitant ¦ of St . Pancras—born and bred there , " as we should to find him flying in the face of a countryman because he was born in one county , and his neighbour in another . It will probably take another half-century befoi-e Scotchmen have shaken off this provincial vanity , which sadly mars their many claims to regard and respect . —Times .
Doings in St . Pancbas . —The vestry and directors of the poor have received a very satisfactory rap over the knuckles with regard to the Rev ; Mr . Pugh . At the meeting Of the board 6 a Tuesday the following letter from the Poor-law Board was read .- —" Poor-law Board , "Whitehall ,-Jan ; 24 , " 1859 .-r-Sir , —I am directed by the Poor-law Board to inform you that they haye received a conunnnication from the Rev . Thomas Pugh , stating that he has been dismissed by the vestry of the parish of St . Pancras from the office of chaplain of the workhouse without notice . The board find that Mr . Pugh was appointed chaplain in August ; 1856 , at which time the order of the ftoor-law Commissioners , dated the 9 th of December , 1846 , was in force . The board desire me to refer the
directors to article . 68 of that order , which provides that every officer , appointed to , or holding any office under it ( the chaplain being one of such officers ) , shall continue . to hold the same-until he shall die , or resign , or be removed by the Poor-law Commissioners . The board request to be informed whether the directors have ordered Mr . Pugh to discontinue the discharge of his duties aa chaplain to the workhouse . If so , the board will be glad to receive any explanation or observations upon the case that the directors may desire tp mako .- ^ -I am , sir , your obedient servant , —Cowtbnay , Secretary . —ToE . Plow , Esq ,, Clerk , &c . "~ On Wednesday , at the meeting of the evidence
directors , a repoit was presented detailing taken before a committee in the case of Mary Ann Hodge , recontly . brought before the public in consequence © f the observations of Mr . Tyrwhitt , tho magistrate of Clerkonwell police-court , as to the refusal to admit her into the workhouse . The report stated that no blanio attached to Goodman , tho gate-porter , or to the mnster in this enso . Tho committee had to remark on the conduct of Mr . Tyrwhitfc , the Clorkenwell police magis . trate , and recommended that the detention of tho Secre - tary of State should be palled to the remarks made by him . Mr . Tyrwhitt ' s observations were altogether mos unjustifiable and uncalled for . t
Thb Frbnch Mercantile Marine . —According to an official statement prepared on the 1 st January inst ., the French commercial navy consists of 3 L 4 , 9 OO sailing chips . Of these 11 , 090 belong to French ports on the Atlantic , nnd 3810 to ports on tho Mediterranean . The French commercial navy , moreover , possesses 030 steam vessels , of which 183 belong to ports on the Atlantic , and 148 to ports on the Mediterranean . Mjj » iter « an » an Tbleojrapu , — Communication by tlie cable of the Mediterranean " extension line Is ascertained to bo perfect between Cagllftri arid tlio west coast of Sioity rfear tho island of Maritime This is about half the entire length from Oagliari to Malta , and tho engineers engaged in testing the cause of tho recent interruption intimated an expectation that in the course of Wednesday they wmlU bo ablo to communicate
through from the latter place , and thus announce the complete resumption of operations . Their message is dated from the steamer Elba at 10 . 40 Tuesday night , fourteen miles S . by W . off Maritime ' .. The weather was then fine , and all was going oil . well , Deckease of PAcrEBisM .- ^ -The comparative state of pauperism in England and "Wales for December 1857 and 1858 , now published , confirms what we have already stated of the decrease of pauperism in 1858 . At the close of the year the diminution of the total number of persons receiving , relief , as . compared to the end of 1857 , was 78 , 912 , or 8 . 42 per cent . ; while it was in the first week of October only 2471 , or 0 . 31 per cent . The number of the poor , which had augmented
considerably in the early part of 1858 , declined considerably , relative to 1857 , in the latter months of the year . This is of some importance relative to the complaints now so rife of destitution in the metropolis . The number of persons who received in-door and out-door relief in the metropolis in the last week of 1858 was 6046 , or 5 . 93 per cent , less than in the last week of December , 1857 . In the North-Western division , including only Cheshire and Lancashire , in which , in the early part of 1858 ,. the increase of pauperism was very great , the diminution at its close was 38 , 382 ., or 29 , 61 percent . In the North Midland district , Leicester , Rutland , Lincoln , Nottingham , and Derby , the decrease
of paupers at the end of 1858 was 10 , 265 , or l / .. 0 o per cent ., and in York it was 9340 , or 13 . 65 per cent . ; while in the Northern district , Durham , Northumberland , Cumberland , and Westmoreland , the decrease at the end of 1858 was only 0 . 61 per cent . ; . in the South-Eastern district , Essex , Suffolk and Norfolk , it was Only 2 . 92 per cent . ; and in the South-Western , Wilts , Dorset , &c , it was only 2 . 72 per cent . The increase of destitution in the metropolis is less due therefore to its own population or the population of the manufacturing districts than to the population of the rural districts . In these , though the season is particularly favourable to Outdoor labour , enjoyment is in general somewhat slack and wage 3 low .
The StoneLeigh Estates .- —A writ of ejectment has been served upon Lord Leigh , in respect of- the Stoneleigli estates , at the instance of Thomas Leigh , of Darwen , arid Thomas Leigh , of Haigh .. * The case , we are informed , will be tried at the next Warwick ass \ zes . ^ -Manchester Examiner . ¦ . ¦ ¦' ¦ ¦ Council of India . —On Wednesday a Council waa held at the East India House , when Mr . James Ranald Martin , F . R . Si , was appointed Examining Physician to the Secretary of State for India in Council . Convocation . —We have reason to belieye that Con ^ vocation , at its meeting on Friday , the 4 th of February , will be prorogued to Wednesday , the 9 th of February , when it will proceed to business . — -Times .
Judicial , —Sir Matthew Sausse , late Puisne Judge of the Supreme Court of Bombay , has been promoted to the Chief Justiceship of that Court . The vacant Puisne Judgcship has been conferred on Mr . Arnould , of the Middle Temple and the Home Circuit . Mr . Arnould is the author of a well-known work , The Law of Marine Insurance . The Comet . —The Astronomer-Royal at the Capo writes to inform Iho readers of the Cape Monthly Mayuzine for December that " the comet is still observable by means of a good telescope nnned with suitable appliances ; and altogether a valuable series towards
investigating the orbit will be furnished from the Cape . " North Stafjfobdshike Hail , wav . — -The dividend on the stock of the company is announced at the rate of 2 £ per cent , per annum , against 2 per cent , per annum at tho corresponding period of last year . Although this company have suffered from tho inactivity which has prevailed in the iron districts , coupled with the general depression of trade , their prospects oro considered to bo now good , owing to the recovery which is in progress in the traffic , and to tho favourable arrangements which arc undeistood to have been recently concluded with the London and North Western Railway Company .
STOCKS JOBBING : THIS TUIWCIUKS AND THE BOUKSK . —The Bourse has lately offered us a startling example of tho demoralisation that exists in , official quarters , for it is the Ministers , and tho people attached to the Court , who have made most profit out of the panic caused by the words of the Emperor to M . do Hubnor . It is by millions tho members of the Court count ; their recont gains . Many of them , moreover , had great need of tho chance . But it is deplorable that these riches have been acquired not only at tho expense of pooplo on the Bourse , nnd great capitalists , but many poor peoplo have , in some cases , lost their all , and , in most , lmvo had their profits exit off for months . Every day wo have fuilures announced on tho Bourse . Two or throe wore
mentioned yesterday—a oouiisfner , who wus found hanging dead in his own house ; a Lyons agent , who has absconded , leaving liabilities to tlio amount of 120 , 000 or 100 , 000 francs ; and a Bourse speculating firm that has suspended payment . In tho midst of all those disaatora , scandal also has its place . A regular stand-up fight took placo tho other day on tho Bourse between two agentsde a / tango . This ignoble state of immorality la only the consequence of the regime and Institution that now govern tho fortunoa of Franco—Continental Review .
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Leader Office , Friday Evening , January 28 th . THE PRINCESS FREDERICK WILLIAM . A despatch , " dated Berlin , Friday , Jan . 28 , ten a . m ., informs us that the Princess has passed a most . favourable night , and is , together with , the new-born Prince , as well as can be expected tinder the circumstances .
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FRANCE . A Parisian letter , in the Inddpendance Befge , contains a statement which , if correct , is important . " England , " says the Independance , " has proposed to Francewho has accepted—to declare to Austria that she desired to see the oilers made in 1 S 48 to the Cabinet of Lord Palmerston considered as not having been withdrawn ;" and , " if Austria accepts purely and simply this proposition , all disquietude about war breaking out next spring is dissipated . " All which means , that if Austria grants everything France and England « sk her , Avar will be postponed some months longer . England and France demand , according to the Independance , nothing less than the surrender of her Lojnbardo-Venetian-possessions . . < It is true that M . Hummelauer presented to
Lord Palmerston , in May , 1848 , a memorandum to the effect that Lombardy should cease to belong to Austria , and be at liberty to remain independent , or to unite herself with any other Italian State , at her choicej but that Venetia should remain under the sovereignty of the Emperor , though Ay ith a separate and national administration , &c . At the period referred to Austria was on the brink of ruin . With her empire shaken to its base , Austria might very well-submit to a ' partial mutilation to save her life ; but she has been at work since the year 1848 to strengthen herself against future tempests , and Lombardo-Venetia , which , according to the Independance , France modestly prays her to give up , is precisely that portion of her territory which she holds most securely in her grasp ;
Aftairs in France continue to wear a most warlike appearance . The Paris correspondent of the Glola says : ^— " That the French War-office should make contracts for the purchase of horses on a large scale is nothing unusually striking among the various other warlike preparations-, but the tenders required for the supply of 1200 bIules do pointto a passage of the Alps for artillery , and need no comment . " The steam-cutter Ariel has seized seven English , fishing-boats , surprised within the limits of tho French oyster-beds , near Carteret . The pretty summer theatre in the Pie Catalan at Paris was entirely destroyed last night by a tire which ruged for four hours .
It is decided that Prince Napoleon and his britle will make a public entry into Paris . The day now spoken of is Friday , February 4- The city of Paris is making preparations for a brilliant reception .
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RUSSIA . The last accounts from St . Petersburg consider as nearly concluded the loan with Messrs . Rothschild which has been under negotiation for some time past It is to amount to thirty ^ millions of roubles , and the basis ot tho transaction is said to be already agreed on .
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AMERICA The steamer City of Manchester , from New York , tho 15 th , arrived at Liverpool this day ( Friday ) . Sho brings 139 passengers , 124 , 000 d ollars specie , and the United States mails . Mr . Scward has introduced into the Senate a bill amending tho existing act for tho suppression of tho African slave trade . It provides' for tho employment of steamers for tho capturo of slaves , authorises tho auvernl States to pass laws to suppress tho traffic in , foreign slaves , nnd appropriates 1 , 000 , 000 dollars to carry into effect tho provisions of tho bill .
A bill was introduced in tho smno body to establish a lino of steamers between American and Britiuh ports . A . resolution was pending , directing tho . Secretary of tho Treasury to prepare a plan for raising rovonuo miequato to tho wants of tho Government , by tho imposition of . specific instead of ad valorem duties . Tho PnciUq Railroad Bill was being fully debated by tho Sonnto . Tho President had officially notified to tho Senate that tho yacht Wanderer hud landed a cargo of sIhvos on tho southern coast , and that monsuroa wore bolng taken to minlah tlio guilty . Gonornl Joroa had been recognised at Washington aa Min is tor from Nicuragua . Havannah advices report groat activity in tho elnvo trado .
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MEXICO . Additional advices from Mexico of tho 9 th inst . stato that Juarez had refused to listen to the CominisHionora from Iloblea , Zuloaga , beforo his full had approved tho propositions from Franco and England for a eottlomont of tl » o Spanish question , and tho Spanish authorities had expressed their flntlttfaotlon that thoro were five Fronon ,, four Spanish , and throe English man-of-war vossola at Sacrltloios .
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138 THE LEAD E B . [ Ko . 462 , January 29 , 1859 ^
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Leader (1850-1860), Jan. 29, 1859, page 138, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse2.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct2279/page/10/
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