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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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The people of Mussoorie ; and other hill towns , are looking out for the arrival of troops . The Darjeeling settlers have signed a . strong memorial to the Indian Council on behalf of the Northern Bengal [ Railway . Other petitions are coming forward frcm Calcutta , Dmajpore , Itungr pore , and Malda . Now that fcJie war is over , many of the hill towns ¦ will be gayer than ever , as there will be a great influx of residents and visitors . Still many officers who can get leave are going home to Europe . called
We are glad to learn that the property Stonehouse , in the Neilgherries , having fifty acres of ground attached , has been purchased for the Oota-Samund Lawrence Asylum , so that the soldiers children can sopn be -sent up ; but it is desirable that the permanent school should be nearer the town of Optakamund . Considerable attention has been paid to the tea farm established by Col . Elwall at Hurbunswala , in the Dhoon , which has proved most successful . It is urged that sales of from 1 , 000 to 2 , 000 acres should be made to a European proprietary . Excel - lent roads cross the Dhoon , irrigating canals are numerous , having been laid down by Sir Proby Cautley ; the Ganges canal , whose head at Hurdwar is only twentyrfive miles from Debra , conveys goods to Cawnpore at about 50 s . per ton . andthere is a good local demand for tea and coffee at Landour ,
Mussoorie , and Dehra . The culture of coffee is attracting attention now in the Dhoon and . Darjeeling , as tea is in the Dekkan . On the 25 th of January , the Bishop of Calcutta , assisted by the Armenian Bishop , ordained three natives ; Tulsi Paul , we are sorry to hear , is to take charge of the interesting Christian colony , in the peyrah Dhoon , for Paul does not understand English ; and while efforts are being made to raise the condition of the Christian settlement , and to invite English capital in the Dbobn-, such an appointment is very unsatisfactory , the more particularly as the settlement wants a good schoolmaster .
The Sirmoor battalion , having been released from the army of Oude , is on its return to the Dhoon , but in the hills above they are looking anxiously for an European battalion . Mr . Forbes , of Dalla , gave evidence before Mr > Ewart ' s Gonimittee , on Monday and Thursday , of a most important character . ; Col . Sykes cross examined the witness , andT signally failed . The leaven of the old Government system will break out accordingly . Lately the Government of Bombay has been dictating to the sliam municipal commissioners of that city the salary of their surveyor , which matter the city is not treated as competent to determine . Mr . Wilcox is to be the surveyor , at £ 720 a year .
The Calcutta citizens have memorialised the Governor-General that the Calcutta volunteers may be kept up ; and it is to be hoped that , not only in Calcutta , but in every station of India , European volunteers will be organised as a permanent measure . With the growth of English population , this branch of our force is becoming important as a reserve . In Bengal alone several thousand volunteers could lie kept up .
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LATEST INDIAN INTELLIGENCE . The Bombay mail arrived this week with intelligence to the 9 th February . The rebellion in Oude is announced to bo ai an end , and peace and order prevail . The rebels , -who have been driven into Nepaul , are dispirited , disorganised , and without supplies . The combined armios of the Begum , the Nana , and Bonl Mrthdoo , ampunt to about ; 12 , 000 men . Jung Buhacloov no sooner heard that they had crossed the Jtnptce and entered his territories than ho issued a proclamation to the effect that all murderers and rebels in arms who crossed the Nepaul border were to bo given up to the British Government , and tlmt all large armed bodios would bo utterly destroyed . The Ghoorka army was at once moved downward , in the direction of tho rebel
position , and an application forwarded to Lord Clyde for troops to co-operato with tho army of Nopaul . Brigadier Horsford was ordered upon this duty , with his brigade . In Ovule the most effective measures arc boing adopted for tho disarming of tho pooplo . Tlio wholo of tho Sikh roglnoents havo boon ordered back to thoPunjtvub . Tho Oucto army has boon diminished by » noro than one-third . Tho principal portion of the diminished army will bo stationed at Luolcnow . Spotapoar , Ghoruokpoor , JTyzabad , lioy Baroilly , Ghazeepoor , and Tooloenoor , are all to bo garrisoned I > y strong bodies of British troops . A number of regiments have been ordered home . Lord Clyde was going to Slinlnh to rowulfc his henltl ) . The only point whoro preparations for actiy
service are in progress is in Berar , where Sir Hugh Rose is organising a division for the suppression of the KohiUas . Sir Hugh is still spoken of as the probable successor to Lord Clyde . Tantia Topee arid Feroze Shah are still at large in Rajpoptana , but their combined force is now dispersed and divided , and its fragments have almost ceased to be dangerous . Brigadiers Honner , Holmes , Park , Michel , and Becher , are following them closely
from different points . . Lord Canning has returned to Calcutta and resumed his executive functions under the new title of ¦' " the Vicerory and Governor-General of India . Mr . Montgomery has been appointed to the lieutenant-governorship of the North-West Provinces , vice Sir John Lawrence * who returns to England by the first mail in March . It is expected that Mr . George Campbell will succeed Mr . Montgomery as Chief Commissioner in Oude . ' .... ' .
Travancore has been the scene of serious caste disturbances . The population is composed mainly of two classes—the Soodras ( Nairs ) and , the Shanars . The former are the chief landowners , and with a few honourable exceptions , are proud , oppressive , corrupt , and ignorant . The Shanars have been for years increasing in intelligence , wealth , and gen era respectability ; Many have put themselves under regular Christian instruction . In Southern India it is the custom for low caste females to go naked from the waist upwards , and the Sppdras have thought terms of the recent
themselves justified , under the proclamation , in attempting ; to force Christian women of the Shanar caste to conform to the genera practice . The attempt was resisted under the advice of the missionaries * and the consequence is that many of the mission chapels have been burnt down , and an attempt made to strip Shanar women in public . . The resident ' s bungalow at Nagercoil , and some houses of Shanars at Tittoovilly have also heen burnt , as also eighty houses , inhabited by Ronian Catholics , at Kotar . A woman and her child are said to-have perished in the flames .
The Bombay Times says that the announcement of the new loan has caused a depreciation of 10 per cent , in all Government securities . It is reported in Calcutta that Government has offered a reward of 10 , 000 Corhpanv . ' s-rupees for the arrest of Tantia Topee , and the same sum for that of the kao Sahib .
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The Americans and the Repcbxic ot Hayti . ¦—The New York Times has the . following significant remarks : —The island of St . Domingo is now in a condition which should excite friendly interest and attention on the part of the United States , if our Government could be brought to attempt anything of a piratical character in respect to its neighbours . Boulogne ' s overthrow is a fortunate event . The entire island of St . Domingo is now under the rule of two men— Geffrard and Santana . Of the former we know little . He is , however , understood to be a man of experience , of moderate views , and of a disposition favourable to intercourse with commercial nations . The fact that he has had the will and
courage to put down a tyrant like Soulouque commends him to pur regard , and it is to bo hoped that this administration may not disappoint the general expectation . Santana , the President of the Dominican Republic is known both in this city , where he once resided , and in Europe . His partialities for the United States are known to he strong 1 ; but they have not been met in anything like a friendly or mutual spirit , and this for the very poor reason that ho has negro blood in his veins , as have his countrymen , almost without exception . Tho repulses which ho encountered from Washington , commencing under the Pierce administration , have driven him to look for European support ; for it is
easy to see that weak Governments like those pt Jpojninica and Hayti must find foreign protection somowhero . Tho present juncture is a favourable one for the acquisition of American jnfluenco over St . Doniing-o , We would not recommend annexation , or any subversion of the existing Governments } but such recognition and friendly relations as would put our commercial intercourse on a good footing , and encourage our people to settle in tho island for business purposes , thus developing its resources , increasing its products , and olovating its population ,
uro eminently desirable . St . Domingo , though not so large ns Cuba , is naturally a flnor island . It contains an area of 27 , 000 square mllos and is perhaps tho most fortilo , salubrious , and delightful portion of tropical America . Every part of it is wtitorod by a profusion of streams flpwJng from its , mountains , and tho wliolo island , besides its vegetable productions , which nro of tho greatest abundance and valuo , is filled with mines of all prcoious and useful inotais , including gold , silver , platina , Quicksilver , coppor and iron i and this country , with its unsurpassed capabUitloa for profitable commerce , lies only 1 , 000 miles from Now York , '
THE PRODUCTS AND RESOURCES OF THE C A P E OF GOOD HOPE . At the weekly meeting of the Society of Arts , Mr . William Hawes read a very able aiid instructive paper "On the Cape Colony-r-its products and resources . " . . ¦ Mr . Hawes commenced his sketch at the period o 1 the cession of the colony to England by the Dutch , in 1866 . From that date to 1813 the colony appeared to be prosperous . The first Kaffir war had just terminated , and a line of stockaded forts along the eastern frontier protected the inhabitants . The military force of England in the colony consisted o 1 4 , 000 infantry and 1 , 000 cavalry , the expenditure stimulated and
connected with which agriculture commerce . The cost of the government of th ( colony was , however , out of all proportion to its revenues . The colonial government was afterwards involved in pecuniary difficulties , and great discontent prevailed from the unsatisfactory way in which justice was dispensed . Slavery was abolished in 1833 ; the first practical effect of which was to deprive the farmers altogether of black labour . Under this state of things the Dutch population hailed with delight the prospect of colonisation in South Africa ; but the third Kafiir war , suddenly breaking out , retarded tli < project . The colonial policy of Lord Glenelg greatlj aggravated the evils of the war ; in his dispatch , re
ceived early in 1836 , he not only condemned the con duct of the colonists , but described the invasion o the Eastern province by the Kaflirs as a . justifiable act . A better state of things dawned upon th < colony when Lord Stanley became Colonial Minister in 1842 , and from this time was to be dated the com mencement of the rapid progress of the colony . Ir 1852 , the colony obtained representative institutions The first test of the progress of the colony was to be found in its revemie . From 1834 to 1844 it rose fron £ 119 , 583 to ££ 221 , 721 ; from 1845 to 1857 , frpn £ 247 , 369 to . £ 406 , 702 . The resources of the colony were , however , capable of much greater development , as all who had visited it could testify . Twenty years
ag-o there was but one newspaper in the colony ; now there were eight newspapers published in Cape Town . There were also sixteen country papers . Justice appeared to : be well administered at present . Education was also in a satisfactory state . The climate upon the whole was peculiarly favourable for emigrants , as . during ten months of the year no fire was necessary except for cooking . The exports from this country to the Cape increased from ^ 985 , 266 in 1854 , to £ 1 , 602 , 007 in 1858 ; . this * compared with population , gave an average consumption of £ 6 . per head of British manufactures for the last year . The greatest drawback upon the progress and prosperity of the colony was the . deficiency of the public joads . Travelling for pleasure was hardly known in the colony ! Another matter affecting the prosperity of there
the colony was emigration . Everything was checked for want of labour , and the question was raised how it could best be obtained . The first attempt on a large scale had not proved successful . The men and women composing the German legion did not make useful emigrants . From the time the emigrant arrives , he should bonsidor the colony as his home . The climate and soil would secure to him a most ample reward for his industry . In no other colony was the return for indxistry employed in agriculture more certain and remunerative . At present there was great demand for skilled labour ; it was only really skilful workmen who could obtain high wages * for interior hands hiad to compete with Malay labour . The cortainty and regularity of communication with England was also of great importance to emigrants .
A discussion ensued , in which Messrs , P . L . Simmpnds , E . W . Trent . J . G . Frith , R » A . Slanoy , M . P ., Mr . Irons , S . Sidney , and Hyde Clarke , took part .
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The American Rbvenijh— The Washington correspondent of the New York Courier and Inquirer gives a very unfavourable account of tlio revenue returns . He says : — ' ? Tlie * revenue continues to decline very rapidly . X 8 torday t ^ rece * P at Now York were 40 , 000 dols . } on tho 17 th , 40 , 000 dotes the day before , 58 , 000 dols ; and on Monday about 80 , 000 dols . r-r-that is , they nro bufc a triflo ovor 50 , 000 dols . per day , or 300 , 000 dols . a-weekf and at all tho ports not ovor-500 , 000 dols . per week , and . of
this , with an annual averugo oxpondituro 75 , 000 , 000 dols . a year . Tho deficit of 2 r > , 000 , 000 dols . or 30 , 000 , 000 dols . a-year is going orij it must gP on . We pommonced borrowing only one year ago , and havo already taken up on promises to pay 40 , 000 , 000 dols . It is obvious that resource must fall-, it ia obviously beginning tP fail . The last lean 3 oven , now a fraction lowor on tlio New York 3 took Exchango than the average rate at vrmoh it was takon a inonth ago . Tho majority party m Congress , however , refuse to allow inoro loans to be n ) a < lc , though capitalists bo n 9 vor soaiaious to lend , Thoy aro oqually obstinate in obstructing the raising of aflditional revenue in any shape whatever . "
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No . 468 / MAKbfl ^^ Tff £ LEADER 345
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Citation
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Leader (1850-1860), March 12, 1859, page 345, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse2.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct2285/page/25/
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