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Leader (1850-1860), 26th March 1859, Edition 1 of 2, Page 409, Untitled Article

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      cut to pieces , or driven into the jungles to perish with hunger . Lord Clyde remains at LuCknow , and it is ii 3 \ v said purposes to remain in India i' ^* " remainder of this year . The disarmament ot Oude continues . 4 . 00 pieces of cannon , besides those taken in action , have been brought in ; , ¦ w ith a Corresponding number of muskets , s words , and- matchlocks . The . amnesty lias produced remarkable results : 7 , 000 men -have surrendered m liareilly alone ; 4 , 000 in Budaon , and 1 , 700 in Shahjehnnpore , Moradabad , and Bijnoor . Meanwhile / the work ot tranquillising and consolidating the province is steadily progressing . The ' people are resuming their old avocations , and the military police awe tlie .-idle and disaffected , and protect the peaceful and the industrious ' ¦ . ¦ ¦

      . , . Tantia Topee is not yet taken , and , according to the latest intelligence , was within thirty-thre e ¦ miles ofDcesn .- Ho succeeded ,-while Feroze bhah was attemntih" to reach Bliavulpore , in bursting through all our columns and detachments , and is now rapidly advancing south wards . When we parted company with Fcroze Shah and the Rao Saheb , those leaders seem to have got into all manner of . difficulties . They are still at large , but they sustained a signal defeat at . the . hands of Brigadier Ilonner on the llth insf ., at a place called Koossinn . Between two and three hundred of their followers were left . dead on the field . The Rohilla war in trie Nizam ' s dominions lias

      been brought to ; a satisfactory termination by bir Hugh Rqscj Hiid Brigadier Hill . The terror inspired bv the fight at Chiehumba had so frightened the Rolullas , that . they made no effort , to defend any of their strongholds . Colonel Davidson , the resident at the Nizam's , court , left Hydrabad for Calcutta on the 1 st . inst ., having been ^ summoned by the Governqr-General by telegram . It is rumoured that the Supreme Government purpose .-conferring , upon the Nizam anil his minister , Salar Jung , some appropriate recognition of their fidelity and loyalty during the late crisis ; and that Colonel Davidson is to be consulted as to . the best mode of carrying it out .

      In Scinde and the Punjaub all is quiet : the latter province having had the sod of its first railway cut by . the hands of Sir John Lawrence . There has been a military fracas at Ahmednuggur . The affray took place on the night of the l ' Dth . JFub ., between the men Of the 3 rd Dragoon Guards and those of the depot 3 rd European Regiment ; The dragoons seem to have been the aggressors , and to have mercilessly attacked ¦ with their swords the men of the 3 rd 'European Regiment , who were unarmed , and nearly all raw recruits just arrived from England . Four of the latter were wounde K

      Her Majesty ' steamer Punjab has returned from her hasty trip to Muscat . Thu object Of her visit was to dissuade the Imaiim from making war upon Zanzibar , which was imminent . The cause which provoked these threatened hostilities has not transpired . The Punjab just arrived in time to urge the maintenance of peace , for she full-in ' with the Imaum ' s . fleet , well manned and armed , on the evening before her arrival , which was on tho morning of the lGth ; and it is said that his highness was reluctantly persuaded to return to Muscat .

      xew r , o . vx . A Bombay correspondent writes : — " A new . OJ per cent , loan has been opened , the provisions of which have astonished the whole commercial community . It first informs us that the wains of tho Government for the year 1859-. G 0 will bo five crores of rupeos , equal to five million sterling ; and then states that on tho 1 st May next , a 5 J per cent , loan will be opened , to which subscriptions will bo received , half in cash and half in 5 per cent , paper ; that the issue of Troiisury Bills lately begun will cease on the 30 th . Apr il ,. and that after ; that date a new issue will be "Commenced , boaring interest at . the rato of 2 i pios per dioifi , or rupees 4-10-6 per cent , tho sum which

      thoso mav uroduc ' o "hot beinj ? reckoned in the five thoso may produce "hot being reckoned in the , five tot ' ores already alluded to . It is not expected that tho call will bo responded to , and tho appearance of a < 5 per cent , loan is anticipated . "

      itBItOES' GHAVES . Mr . Russell writes from Lucknow : — " ' Noill'd Gate ' still stands outsldo tlio . Residency , into which his lifeless body was brought , and where it lies under a becoming tomb . I wish I could say to tho people of England , who lamentod Hiiyolock ho deeply , that the grave of their chosen one ia worthily onvrkod , or that its present condition is worthy of the remains which lio there , or of the country . When I visited tho Alumbagh , whoro Sir Henry Mavelock was hurriedl . y interred in tho march of tho rqliqvqd garrison out of Lucknow , I saw , in the unclean gardon-ground of tho place , open to natives , cutilo , and dogs , a shallow sinking in the ground the sl / , o of a grave—and it was a grave—and just Over it , rudely carved t > y a soldior ' n hand on the trunk of a treo , could bo traced tho Jotter " II . "

      And this is the grave and the inscription of Sir Henry llavelock !"

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      NOTES ON INDIAN PllOGItESS . On Monday Mr . PatersoM Sounders , formerly of Calcutta , was examined before the Colonisation Committee of the House of Commons , and gave some most important and practical information as to Assam , in which he had been largely engaged as a tea-planter . There has beeii no readiness on the part of the Assam Company to give information as to Assam , as they seem to entertain some of the monopolistic fancies which arc apt to prepossess lar" -e companies . Mr . Saunders showed that the and

      tea business is a practicable a profitable one , but he Was of opinion that present calculations would be materially altered by a reduction in the price of tea in more extensive cultivation , and a rise in the rates of labour , but that under all circumstances the tea business must be remunerative . The labour question in Assam he considered to be chiefly one of wages . Looking to the abundant supplies of labour obtained by the indigo-planters , lie could not consider there was any real difficulty in Assam , if adequate wages were given . He considered that -20 s . and 24 s . per month could be

      given . Mr . Ewart , the chairman of the above committee , lias given notice of an address to the Grown , prayiug returns of the amounts levied for transit duties bynative States in India , of the municipal commissions or municipalities in India , and of tlVe nnraber and districts ' of honorary magistrates and justices of the peace . We think he ought to have included a return of-the road and ferry fund boards , and of the paltry revenues under their control , and of the educational boards . Thus all the evidence as to the rudiments of municipal institutions will be gained . Next year this will make a good subject for a committee of inquiry .

      At the Society of Arts on Wednesday , Dr . Forbes Watson , the successor of Dr . Ruy'le at the In . lia House , gave a most valuable paper on cotton in India . It showed a comprehensive grasp of the subjectj and pointed out the true difficulty of the cotton question in Bombay , namely , transport ; and he urged the completion of the cotton railways as early as possible . He vindicated the propriety of having well constructed railways , although he advocated the improvement of rivers , and the extension of canals , roads and irrigation .

      According to Dr . Watson the production of cotton in India is 2 , 400 , 000 lbs ., or twice that of the United States ; but the quantity exported has never exceede . 1 250 , 000 , 000 lbs . Where means of transport are provided by nature , there the export has increased ; but where the means of transport depended on the lute honourable Company , the export of the richest districts in the world has remained stationary . Of this abundant confirmation was given by Mr . Price , a merchant , who opened up the-large Dhar war cotton trade , nq \ y amounting to 80 , 000 bales yearly . His trade had been stopped by the want . of ronds , and the inability of tlie Government , for want

      of funds , to repair the roads ! Colonel Sykes , who was present to vindicate the late Government * became v <» rv angry at the turn tho discussion took , and eliargod Mr . J . B . Smith , M . P ., the chairman , that t | ie miserable state of the Indian cotton export Was tho fault of tlie cotton manufacturers of'Man-. Chester , who might have sent out to India , and bought as much as they liked ! Mr . Smith did not answer tiie gallant colonel , but , the evening having far advanced , adjourned tho smiling meeting , many persons in winch wore equally surprised at learning tho state of India , and that the gallant gentleihan was one of thoso who had been Cliairmenof the Honourable East India Company .

      Professor Wilson , of Edinburgh , director of the Industrial Museum thprc , is devoting much attention to Indian subjects , rind lias np less than six Indian officers among tho pupils of his technological olnss , who are acquiring information for the purpose of improving tho native jn'occssos . A great sensation has been made by tho succesful issue of guaranteed debentures by the East Indian Railway Company , and which opens a now resource for public enterprise in India . So eagerly was the first iaauo of a million taken , that a squabble arose , ih which tho directors have been charged with

      giving unduo preference to sonic of tho claimants for tho stock . Wo cannot sco that there is any foundation for tho charge , for tho proceeding seoms to havo been conducted in the usual way of large financial undertakings , but some of thoso individuals who woro not used to this cpurso havo found that they did not got all tho stock they wnntod , Tho settlement of Hope Town , in tho Darjeoling country , according to the Calcutta papers and private advices , is making groat progress . Mr . Frederick Brine had , at tho latest advices , 1 , 300 men employed on his extensive tea plantations , a free supply of labour now pouring in from tho

      neighbouring hills . Mr . Rutter had 300 acres under tea , and was building for Mr . Brine , and other settlers , seven houses at the last advices . Mr . Rutter had likewise begun operations in another locality , for supplying sleepers and other ra lway timber on a large scale to the East India Railway Company . This had become a more import mt business in the Darjeeling country , now that timber cannot be so freely obtained from the Nej aul country . In Oude the terai or forest jungle belongs to the . Nepaulese , but in Sikkim we possess it . Mr . Rutter is about to construct a saw mill at Punkebacee . .

      Mr . Ileriry Keene . superintendent of the Djhra Dhoon , has had leave for a short time . Daring libs absence , Mr . J . C . Robertson has officiated as superintendent . The value of this district for''English settlement is beginning to sit tract attention . j \ lr . Paterson Saunders was examined on it before the Colonisation Committee . Many of the old Indians ' . have a very high opinion of the Dhoon , particularly since the success of the tea plantations ; but we think they are inclined to place too great ' a value on it , for the-amount of land available is relatively very small , but the situation is a choice one in the neighbourhood of Landour and Mussoorie . Captain II . Hayman , of the loth Bombay Native Infantry , has had a short leave to Vingorla . Mr . II . B . Lindsay , of the Bombay Civil Service , lias proceeded on leave to Mount Aboo aniVD ^ esa .

      Mr . A . Iv . Forbes and Mr . C . H . Cameron , of the Bombay Civil Service , have been authorised to act sis senior assistant-judge and sessions judge of Rtituaglierryi . The Legislative Council of India has been very little noticed in England of late , and it is receiving little respect in India . It is evident that it is falling into a state .. of contempt , which will prepare the way for its reconstruction at the hands of Lord Stanley . The old civilians have shown themselves unable to work it , and the mode of doing business in the ancient style by paper succeeds as ill as the occasional discussions by word of mouth in the Council , where the one or two English judges _ other antagonists of the old regime cause great irritation by their free remarks One of the last of their performances is an Act for Small Cause Courts in the Mofussil . " ¦¦ '' .

      ' The ground for this was , that the MoonsiflV Courts are distrusted , and their proceedings so slowas to amount to a denialof justice . In Calcutta tlie Small Cause Court pays threa judges and a large establishment . Such was the state of facts , and . what the Legislative Council do is this : thoy create Small Cause Courts , but they entrust the Moonsiffs with them , and then , to take care of the Moonsifft , they provide complicated appeals . This is under the plea of economy , but it is justly observed that in very many subdivisions the receipts of such a court would pay for two judges—an Englishman and a native—and pension oil' tho retiring Moonsitl - The reaj truth is , the civilians prefer having Moonsiffs and Amlah as subordidntos , instead of finding near them uneovenanted English judges in an independent capacity .

      This net is one among many specimens of the incompetency of the . Legislative Council ; and wo are not surprised to find the Friend of India thus commenting upon it : — " Afraid of inertia , but incapable of reform—tenacious of independence , but crouching to the executive—ever promising improvement , and ever re-enacting the old abuse , this council must bo drawing to its end . In its death it may have tjiia one consolation , that at bast it wanted the energy which dovelopes any feeling stronger than contempt . '

      Tims will fall one of the last strongholds of ¦ mandarin power in India , and a Legislative Council of an official oligarchy will meet the fate that has . befallen it in all our other colonies . It is not difficult to perceive that two now elements will bo introduced in tho future council- ^ -representativcs of the English settlor and of tho native aristocracy . The present council is a makeshift which has answered ill , and hardly one of its enaotmohts will stand ton years hence .

      Sir Macdonald Stophensou ' s progress with tho international railway from London to Calcutta naturally excites the deepest interest in India , as thoy begin to see tho period arrivo for proceeding with the eastern portions .

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      Ratukk Inpkfiniti :. — Colonel Waugh has wrUton a letter to tho Times , dated from " near Marseilles , March 10 , 1850 , " declaring lii ' s intention to return to London for tlie purpose of prosecuting that ournal . " In giving vont , " \\ o says , "to your vindictive fqelings you havo far ^ utateppod tho bounds of fair and legitimate criticism , and have again laid yourself opon to legal proceedings , which I -now plodgo myself to adopt- — as soon an my atato of ficaltft will admit . "

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      N » . 470 . MAECH 26 , 1839 . 1 THE U A 1 > ER . 409

  • Citation
    • Leader (1850-1860), March 26, 1859, page 409, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse2.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct2287/page/25/