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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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BATTLE OF SOLFERINO . The accounts which we have received of this dearlypurchased victory are necessarily very imperfect , for the letters which have been hitherto received are dated on the day following the battle , when , of course it was almost impossible . , accurately to ascertain some of the most important facts . It was not merely by the Austrians that the 24 th had been selected for an attack upon their enemies , but by the Allies also . On that day the King of Sardinia was to advance on the modern road leading from Montechiafo , by way of Lonato to Peschiera , to occupy the village of Pozzolengo , as the southernmost
point of his position , and this point gained was to invest Peschiera itself . The French , at the same time , intended to advance on the southern road , leaning through Qistiglione to Mantua , having detached Gen . Canrobert ' s division still further southward , with orders to advance likewise in the direction of Mantua , or perhaps of Goita , which is situated a little north of it . Both armies , however , met the Austrians at the very outset of their advance , as early as four o ' clock in the morning of the 24 tli , extending over a line of about ten niiles , which cut the plain between the Mincio and the Chiese in an
to the slain and wounded , we may assume that twenty thousand men have been , if not killed , at least rendered incapable of bearing arms . Heavy is the cost , however , to Piedmont and to France . Three of Victor Emmanuers Generals have been wounded , in addition to one killed . As to Louis Napoleon , several French Generals have been rendered incapable of further service , and it is believed that an urgent necessity exists for reinforcements in the camp of the allies . The been
Emperor of the French is reported to have constantly in the hottest of the battle on Friday , and Baron Larrey , his surgeon , who was by his side had his horse killed . The Emperor of Austria , who had lodged at Cavriano in the . house irv which the Emperor later in the day established his headT quarters , quitted the field of battle about four o ' clock , and went by the road to Goito . The cloud of dust raised by Francis Joseph ' s escort could be seen by Napoleon from the heights of Cavriano .
oblique direction facing the north-west , jand the line of the allies , leaning on Peschiera , in " the northeast , and on Castel Gofiredo , ten miles distant from it , and close upon the Chiese in the south-west . The battle soon extended almost along the whole line , a small space near the centre excepted ; and the accounts before us admit of little doubt that during the first half of the day to the disadvantage of the allies . The Piedmontese were repulsed from Pozzolengo ; the French , under Baraguay D'Hilliers , from SpJferino ; and before Castiglione the advance of the forces under the command of Marshals
McMahon and Niel , with the guards under Canrofoert , a little to their right in advance , was brought to a perfect stop . The Emperor of the French hastened to take measures of precaution for his centre . The "King or aaramja was requested to give up tne imi-* vance oh Peschiera , and to join Marshal Baraguay D'Hilh ' ers with as many troops as he could , in attempting to regain Solferino . General Canrolert , ¦ with the Guard , received orders to take up a position in the rear of Niel and Mac Mahon , who were struggling in the plain , to serve them as support in . case a retreat should become necessary near Rivoltella and Peschiera . It was about tsvo o ' clock in the afternoon when the Piedmontese , pro ? - ceeding from Rivoltella , succeeded in making their
3 unction with the French army . The French centre had been compelled by the events of the day to concentrate the mass of its force toward the hilly ¦ village of Solferino , where the Austrians were disputing the ground with an energy unprecedented in the present war . The battle became then a tremendous one . The Piedmontese , led by the King , Tcally performed wonders . The 1 st and 2 nd Regiment of the Sardinian Guards emulated the Zouaves to such a degree that the French officers confessed it was impossible to imagine anything more grand and heroic . Generals Durando ' s and Fanti ' s divisions took position after position at the point of the bayonet , till they succeeded in routing the enemy , which was obliged to fall back on Cavriano and Volta .
Almost the whole artillery of the Imperial Guard , ¦ which kept up a terrific cannonade on the Austrian line ' s for four hours and a half at half rifle-shot runge was annihilated . Marsha ] Baraguay D'Hilliers , having taken the village of Solferino at an enormous loss of life on both sides , pushed further on in the direction of Cavriano , to the south-east of Solferino , thua threatening the flank of the Austrian masses opposed to Niel , MacMahon , and the Guard on the road to Guidizzolo , nnd cutting the Austrian lino into two . From this moment , to uaotlie
words of the Jfrcnch Emperor , "the Austrians , to sustain their retreat , made a last effort to penetrate oetweon the 4 th nnd 2 nd Corps . An obstinate conflict then commenced , in which the infantry and Artillery took part . The cavalry , by several charges , decidod the success of this groat day . This was the last not of the battle . Along their whole lino the Auetrians began thoir retreat } it w « s favoured by a , frightful storm , that raged for nenrly an hour—thunder , hail , and wind ; at last a deluge © i rain prp . iuced Buch an effect that nothing could , 1 ) 0 distinguished on the field of battle . "
The Austrian , reserve coming from Guidizzolo , Cerlungo , andGoHo , the conflict was renewed , and lasted till night . Of course it is impossible to arrive * t present at any estimate of the actualloseeij on Shn ^ h ? , ! \ P ^ ^ , they , never will be known . Enough so deadly a silence is preserved with regard
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THE WAR .
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788 THE LEAD EK . [ No . 484 . July , 2 , 1859 . of thFrench admiral passing the Straits
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Advaxce of Puixce Napoleox . —The telegrams inform us that Prince Napoleon arrived on Sunday at Parma , where he -was received with enthusiasm . The town was to be brilliantly illuminated . The Prince , it is said , expresses his conviction that the Fifth Corps will operate under the walls of Verona .
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VENICE THREATENED . A despatch from Vienna , dated Wednesday , says : — " On the 28 th the following French ships were at Antivari : —Five ships of the line , eight frigates , six war steamers , thirteen floating batteries , nine gunboats , nine brigs , and two three-masters . The fleet has many troops and enormous supplies of provisions and ammunition on board , so that it can act independently of the mother * country , should any other Power attempt to interfere . Admiral Bouet is about to open sealed orders . Consul Ifecquardt is in continual correspondence with Montenegro . " It is said that when the pockets of some of the ringleaders in the late emeute at Venice were searched , considerable sums in French gold were foiind in them . One of them , a " facchiho" ( porter ) was in possession of twenty-seven napoleons and eight dollars . On the 16 th inst . four " signori " were arrested , and delivered over to the military authorities .
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GARIBALDI'S MOVK * x ^^ - The Austrians occupy the Stelviq Pass , on the side next the Tyrol , with a force of thirteen companies of Infantry and two companies of Carbineers . The positions they hold on the Pass lie between . Glurns and Trafoi , and a battery has been planted on a spot which commands the Stelvio route . Barricades have also been erected , and great fear is entertained of a descent of Garibaldi ' s men . Messages from Turin confirm the intelligence that General Garibaldi lias received orders to occupy the Upper Valteline . Garibaldi is expected at Tirano with 3 , 000 men , where 500 Piedmontese regular infantry have already arrived . Skirmishes have taken place near Bormio between the franc corps of the Valteline and tho Austrians who are guarding the Stelvio pass .
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THE HOLY FATHER AND HIS SUBJECTS . The Tuscan and Piedmontese papers teem with accounts of tho shocking scenes euactcd at Perugia by the Swiss troops . The Corrierc Mercantile of Genoa announces the arrival in that town of many persons who had fled from Perugia , but in such a state of terror and alarm that they were able to give but a very imperfect account of tho barbarous proceedings of the Papal soldiers who occupied the town . The number of killed and wounded-during the struggle appears to have been small , but after all res-lstance had ceased the troops beguu to massacre the citizens indiscriminately , sparing 1 neither age nor sex . The municipality attempted to stop this carnage , and left the town-hall with a white flag for tho purpose , but they were fired upon by the soldiery , and Secretary Porta , who carried tho flag , fell mortally wounded ; The capuchin friars of the Monto convont fired upon the fugitives , and the troops did not oven respect the ambulances , engaged in taking up tho wounded . An infant was tuken from its mother ' s breast and thrown into the Tiber ; even an old beggar was shot in the streets , and many men wantonly murdered or wounded . The Oiornale di Roma , of tho 21 st , after stating that tho lcgitinmto government had been restored in Perugia by the Swiss , under Colonel Soliintt , announces that tho Pope , as an acknowledgment of his bravery , has raised him to tho rani ? of General of Brigade . All those who have "distinguished " thcmselvos in this affair aro to ho mentioned in on order of the day . —
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IRRITATION IN SICILY AND NAPLES . Letters from Moselna speak of a very largo , though silent , demonstration which was mode there on
occasion e . Indeed Sicily , as Naples , is in . n state of the greatest ferment , and it will be difficult to prevent an outbreak . Whilst unfortunate men without trial are still detained in a prison , which they have occupied for two years and a half , the Journal comes out dayafter day with pardons for common criminals , and lists of promotions in the army and navy . The lawwas violated in the last reign , and is not respected in the present . Mr . Elliot leaves Naples deceived ; , if his instructions were to obtain an ample amnesty he has not done so , and that Lord Derby was indifferent to it is but too clear , from the fact of his having gazetted a minister at this coiirt before this delusive amnesty was made known . AH parties unite in their opinion of this amnesty .
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PRUSSIAN MEDIATION . A Vienna despatch says : —" The report is current that the Emperor of Austria will shortly have an interview with the Prince Regent of Prussia . " The Hamburgh News contains a letter which speaks of the certainty of negotiations having been commenced by Prussia with England and Russia to establish a common basis of mediation . A Vienna letter , in the National Gazette of Berlin , says it was believed in veil-informed circles that the following mail would bring an account of an armistice , which would serve as the basis for negotiations for peace .
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PARIS : THE NEWS OF SOLFERINO . The modification " of ' the first accounts of this battle has caused great disappointment to the . Parisians . After the flaming accounts that were at first received , the official journal reduced the capture of guns to 30 , and that of colours to 3 . The last item was , to the excited imagination of the Parisian public , the most disappointing- of all . It cannot be doubted that the victory was gained hy the French , for the Austrians very frankly own their defeat ,, and that they are how on one side of the Mincio instead of on the other . But the French public is as easily depressed as elated , and the meagre official dispatches give rise to sinister conjectures which unnatu
are probably very unfounded . AVhat not - rally annoys people is , the belief that a great deal of news has been received which is kept back . As to the illuminations , a correspondent writes : — i 'pjiere were whoif * ¦ « .- * r / w * c - on ^ i timrn -r , ^* - . »»»»«•!' back , unimportant ones , as well as hosts of the latter , which had scarcely a light in them . In very many csucs not one house in ten had any lights at all , ami that the streaky , spotty appearance , of mostol the streets , with three lanterns on the fifth or sixth noor . half-a-dozenontliethird or fourth , and as
many on the first or second , was a wretched caricature of a general illumination . The fact is , the illumination gave great discontent to the authorities . The decree calling upon the mayors and prefects throughout France to furnish a list of those veterans within their jurisdiction still capable of military service , together with the assurance by certain journals of the levy of 450 , 000 men to be made within the next two months , looks so much like a decided conviction of the duration of the war , that we are in no mood for enjoying that , surfeit of glory which our ? ' braves " are cooking for us on the banksof the Mincio . ' ' A cavatina was to have been sung at the Opera at Paris in honour of tho late victory , in which some lines were introduced' expressive of a hope that aspeedy peace might be expected . The censors yesterday ordered that these lines should be omitted . A Te TJeum is to be chanted in all the churches in France to-morrow in thanksgiving for the victory of Solferino .
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They Manage tiiksk Things Bkttisk in Fkanck —The MoiiUcur publishes the following : — "Two detachments sent from tho depots of their respective corps having joined the amiy of Italy without being provided with the articles and utensils required for the campaign , tho Minister of War has punished the superior officers who organized tho departure of those , troops with 15 days ' arrest , and has published ti censure on the general officers who did not properly superintend the execution of his reiterated orders . "
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HUNGARIAN 1 'OLITICS . A i-uttkh appears in tho 7 Yw « i * signed , " A Hun .-garian , " in which appears the following passage : — " A revolution is not what Is wanted iu Hungary . Our whole dosiro is to regain what , wo have lost . Hungary would bo again a kingdom , ruled by her own laws—not a province under an arbitrary Govornmont . The Hungarian nation is essentially monarchical and aristocratic ; the most insignificant son of tho VusKtaspeaka with enthusiasm oi'his King , ( whom since 184 () ho sincerely misses , ) and is deeply attached to the lord of the soil , to yrlioso good advice ho looks with tho rospect due to a holovoa father . A constitutional kingdom , not the advent of Kossutli * is the
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Citation
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Leader (1850-1860), July 2, 1859, page 788, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse2.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct2301/page/8/
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