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narrative is conducted to 1746—the date of the battle of Culloden . The work ought to substitute Hume It combines the domestic with the historic , and thus is doubly interesting . English Cyclopedia of Auts and Sciences . Bv Charles Knight . Part VIIL takes us down to the end of second volume , and the word " Cohort . "
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A Letter from Captain Blakely , H . P ., Iioyal Artillery to the Secretary of State for War ; claiming the original Invention of an indispensable feature of the Armstrong Gun ; with an authentic description of that Weapon— James Ridgway . The title sufficiently explains , perhaps , the subject and argument of the pamphlet . Mr . A . T . Blakely claims to have discovered , independently ot Sir /\\ m . Armstrong , a method of making a much stronger cannon from the same quantity of metal than is and to have taken out
possible by the ordinary plan , a patent accordingly . These facts he stated , by letter to General Peel ; and otherwise affirmed that his patent involved certain indispensable parts of Sir Wm . Armstrong ' s guns . It had been also : supposed that Mr . Blakely had forestalled Sir William in other points for which he deserved no credit . The publication of the real state of the case he therefore thinks an act of justice towards all parties . Some of his statements in the pamphlet are startling , and he now thinks that he is entitled to royalty for
the experiments which he has been at the expense of making , or that his patent should be purchased by Government . There are doubtless points of similarity or identity in both plans .
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Samuel Lover . — Perhaps no song-writer , not even Moore himself , ever acquired such a wide , such a national reputation , as the author of "The Angel ' s Whisper , " . " Molly Bawh , " " Molly Carew , " " The Four-leaved Shamrock , " " The Road of Life , " and , though last , certainly not least in our best affection , " Rory O'Mdre . " Permit the writer of this short biographical sketch to digress for a while * , and narrate a little incident which will tend more to prove the popularity of this sweet little "touch of nature " than volumes of panegyric . It was in Glasgow , this very year , and the day after the Burns festival , that a party of gentlemen ( including among their number Samuel Lover and the writer of this sketch ) visited the establishment of the Messrs . Symington , who
are well , known to the world of trade for their beautiful muslin curtains , and one of whom is almost as well known to the world of letters for literary merit of no common order . In the course of the visit we came to a large room in which a great many young damsels were at work , engaged in the delicate task of taking up loose threads and repairing all accidents that had happened to the delicate fabrics in the progress of the work . These "lassies " looked up with a half-curious air has we entered , and were quietly setting . to their work again , when one of the party—it was Mr . Peter Cunningham ( Petrus ipse , Peter the son of Allan)—stepped forward and said : " Young ladies , I think you ought to know that the author of 4 Rory t if let
O'Morc » is in the room , and I think tha you him go without singing his song it will be your own fault ; " whereupon he pushed Mr . Lover forward , half-blushing ,, all-laughing , and covered with the natural confusion of an Irishman . This announcement was received with groat appiause , and in a moment work was laid aside , and the veteran bard was surrounded bo that audience which Apollo over loves best—a' circle of the Gracos . There was no escape , no help for it ; to yield with the best grace possjblo was the only w , » y > an& that Mr-Lover very gracefully did . Taking off 'his hatfor , like a truo Lover , ho is always one of the most gallant of men— -he sang " Rory O'Moro " in capital style , giving to it far more raciness and humour treat would
than any one who has not had ft similar concolvo to bo possible . How the lasses enjoyed it ! How they giggled and laughed , and gleefully approciatoil the " situation " whero Rory , " the rogue , " gives " another to make it quito sure 5 " and when tho gallant singer kissed the back of his hand , to suit tho action to tho word , how saucily suggos . tivo one or two of them looked , as if to hint that ho might have chosen n more natural illustration without giving 1 mortal oflbnec . It was a capital scene . When the song was over thoro was a general round of applause , and as wo loft tho room one of tho proprietors of the establishment exclaimed , as ho wrung Mr . Lover ' s hand , " Thank you , sir . Not one of these girls will forget yon to hor dying day . " —Critic . »
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The acrobat Blondin has again crossod ovor Niagara Rivor oivhls tight-ropo , currying a man on his back . Ho promises noxt to take , . ovor a cooking stovo with him , and when in tho contro of tho ropo to cook some omelettes .
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THE PROGRESS OF THE CORN TRADE . FROM the monthly tables , to which we referred very briefly last week we may glean , now and hereafter , which we could not then do , some items of useful information us to the course of our trade First , let us refer to the corn trade . The imports of wheat and flour , in the seven months , were—1 S 57 . ' lf * 53 . 1850 . Wheat qrs . l , f > 4 ~ , « H 7 2 , 740 , 44 > 2 , 580 , 0 Sl . Flour cwts . 1 , 712 , 748 ; i , 7 itt , 455 2 , 023 , 01 ) 1 Thus of both these articles there was a much larger importation in 1858 than in 1857 , and a somewhat smaller importation in 1859 than in 1858 . At present the six weeks' average price of wheat is 44 s . 4 d . ; last year , at this time , it was 45 s . 5 d . i and in 1857 , 57 s . From this comparatively high price having brought forward such a
comparatively small supply , in 1857 , we may be sure that the price was proportion ably high and there was a proportionable scarcity of wheat throughout . the . world . After the harvest of 1857 the price declined , and continued at about 44 s . through the year 1858 , and in that-year we obtained an additional supply—a proof that wheat was comparatively abundant in-the markets of the world . Of the comparatively small supply of 1857 , and of the supplies for the other two years , we obtained from— 18 "» 7 . 18 ; - > S . 1850 . „ Wheat .. qrs . 4 , 'J + 3 4 SS , 958 1 , 029 , 78 ( 3 France .... Flour _ c ^ . ts r » 4 . 31 > 7 1 , 173 , 031 2 , 400 , 087 The United Wheat .. qrs . 325 , 037 392 , 281 3 , 288 States .... Flour .. cwts . ¦ 023 , 439 1 , 338 , 792 24 , 803
In the seven months , ¦ therefore , of the present year tlie supplies from the States have been almost ¦ ¦ nil , and those from France have been very great . The price of 44 s . has been remunerating for our neighbour ; -it wds more than she could get at home , and she sent us large . supplies . But this price was not remunerating for the American grower ; it was . not more than he could get in Ijew York or Boston , and he sent hardly any wheat and flour hither . The Americans , as has been remarked by tlie Daily News , have been undersold in our markets by the French , the old country growing corn cheaper than . the new . wheat and flour from
The value of the imported France in the six months of this year is ¦ £ 3 , 683 , 146 ; while from the United States we have only imported of wheat and flour to the value of . £ 2 ] , 690 . To the extent of the difference between these two sums France will be enabled to buy more commodities from this and other countries , and America less . Of our great trade relations with the States the grain trade is only a small part , and though the decline in it will be disadvantageous to us , we look with much satisfaction at the increase of the grain trade with France , as a guarantee for the continuance ot peace between the two countries . The sum mentioned as tho value of the wheat
and flour imported from France , whets our curiosity to know something of the value of our grain trade generally in the year . We must , therefore , state that the total value of corn and flour imported in 1858 was £ 20 , 152 , 641 , in 1857 it waa . £ 19 , 380 , 567 , and it was more than in 1858 in each of the two years , 1854 and 1856 . For all ihis wheat and flour we Iiave paid with our manufactures , not with gold , of which we have none , except what we buy in like manner with our manufactures ^ and buying corn and flow for , £ 20 , 000 , 000 . to that extent our industry is stimulated as it is reworded by tho food obtained .
Prior to 1854 there were no returns of the declared valiie of commodities imported , but only of quantities , and therefore wo cannot toll year by yoar what lms boon the value of the corn trade since tho corn laws wore repealed . The quantities of all kinds grain and meal imported since 1 H 46 were as follows : — - TOTAL QUANTITY OF dllAIN AND MH . VI * IMPOIITED Afl IMI'IUUAI , ( JUAItTKUN — Year . tjimrtorn . Yonr . < Juiirtur « . JHI 7 . 11 , t ) l 2 , fllil JHftlt i . 10 , 17 : 1 , 1 m JHJH 7 , ft ! iH ,- | 7 l 1 MM 7 . U 01 I . . VU lrt » ll lO . OOlMIOl 1 . KVJ ..... ... <» , l . 7 M , Wl : > ] rs , - ><> » , oji » , frtM » it > . w u ,: i : ni ,-i'i . f 1 M . M WrtlHJf . M 1 M . V U . IOIUrtl ) ikvj , ? , rii » , iinw irtftM 1 l . mv ' " ' TotuJ liunrturH lJO , « tM » , oiW , Avunigt ; j ) or iiuuiim u , ' . " . 'l ,. '» m » In 1846 ; tho your when tho corn Inw was reponlod nml whon in oonsoquoneo an additional ' quantity of grain cmno in , tliu quantity imported
was 4 , 752 , 174 quarters . In 1844-5 the average of the two years was 2 , 730 , 298 quarters , so that all above this quantity , which came in annuall y subsequent to 1846 , may be considered as having been kept out of the mouths' of the people . To get at this quantity we subtract 2 , 700 , 000 quarters from 9 , 200 , 000 quarters , which gives us 6 , 500 , 000 quarters . To be quite within bounds , let us assume that three quarters of these various kinds of grain are equivalent to the nourishment of one person in a year , and then we shall have , on a rough calculation , 2 , 170 , 000 persons added to _ our population , and sustained in comfortable existence by the industry which the corn-laws stifled . If
we assume the average price through tlie period to have been 40 s . per quarter , including all kinds of grain and flour , we shall have , as the annual average value of the corn imported , £ 18 , 443 , 178 , something more than the average annual charge for the army , navy , and ordnance . It is more than the total value of the exports of England and Scotland a century ago , which , according to " Macpherson ' s Annals of Commerce , " amounted , in 1760 , to . £ 15 , 781 , 175 , and almost double the value of the imports in the same year , £ 10 , 683 , 595 . Our grain trade is now , therefore , extremely important and valuable . In fact , except cotton , it surpasses in value any other article imported , and in importance is quite equal to cotton .
Saying nothing of the number of people which such a " quantity of food has enabled to live comfortably and rear up families ; saying nothing of the hunger , the disease , and death which withholding the food would have caused , we refer merely to the quantity imported and the value of the trade , and appeal to the good sense of the people to judge the legislators , the landlords , and their allies of the pulpit and the press , who , professing a desire to enrich the country , suppressed and stifled for many years so large and valuable a branch of traffic . Just now this matter is of vast
importance . The press : —the anti-democratic , the Conservative , the ' mere-Whig , the nominal free trade press—is taking advantage of the errors and faults of the workmen on strike to hold their class up as unfit to exercise the franchise , in " o rder to maintain as long as possible the present system of corruption and exclusion . But if their present mistake justifies the continuance of their disfranchisement , would not the . terrible—the criminal mistake persisted in by the landlords and their partisans for more than thirty years , justify their disfranchisement immediately and for ever ? AVould not the persistence of this class in still maintaining many restrictions on industry almost as bad as the
starvation laws now abolished , justify the public in demanding that they should be placed on a level with the excluded workmen . If tho latter are not fit to legislate , neither arc the others . Nay , would not this doctrine , which disfranchises men because they commit errors , justif y the total annihilation of liberty and the establishment _ of despotism in the hands of men whose claims to infallibility show them to be utterly unlit to exercise poAver ? The demand to continue tho disfranchisement of the multitude because tho men on strike are supposed not to understand political economy , is to knock all aristooratio legislation on the head .
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Friday Kvomng . In consequence of tho approach of tho 4 th , when a number of bills como to maturity , whjch falling on Sunday , they must bo mot to-morrow , monoy is in temporary dumund . Othorwisc the market in general continues easy ., anJ thoro in no alteration in tho torms , Some arrivals of gold havo tfikon place , and morcaro oxnectqd , which wjll probubJy '' icronso tho oaso till they Jmvo hud tho customary ofloct ol oxcithiff additional enterprise . On tho whole , howovor tho monoy market is dull , like other markets . In tho Stock Kxahango thoro baa boon no animation in the week , though tho tendency Ijuh boon upwards . To-day CoiisoIh opened nt ur , i , but tho market was dull , and they were quotud at A lower hoforo tho close . Yus . turday tho J ' arls Bourse duelinod , and to-day thowiroH brought a Htill further doclino , which contributed to tho depression of our market . .. ... . . ......
__ Hallways wore steady . Tho Indian loan ih at UOJ-, and continues to bo very favourably regarded . Tlie India Council aro so well provided with cash , by tho pavilion to on account , that they pll ' or to loiul monoy > n Consols In tho Wtook Exchange , and probably
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COMMERCIAL .
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MONEY MARKET & STOCK EXCHANGE .
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Ho , 493 . Sept . 3 , 1859 . T THE LEADER . 1017
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Leader (1850-1860), Sept. 3, 1859, page 1017, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse2.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct2310/page/21/
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