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ti&riohlH-t tijQVYSSttOlHltlXCt ¦ -i? 1 ' 1*
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IIDIA, AND INDIAN PROGRESS.
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Untitled Article
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proposition will be accepted . Everything is tranquil in the island . " General Scott reached Portland on the 21 st . General Harney left Portland soon after the arrival of General Scott at that place , but on what business is not stated . Report says that he was offended at being-superseded in his command . General Scott ¦ was about to' establish his head-quarters on board the United States Steamer Massachusetts : he had not decided upon any plan of action .
The excitement at Charleston , Virginia , growing out of rumours of a revival of the Harper ' s Ferry movement , had subsided , and the trooss were being sent home . The Court of Appeals had refused to award a writ of error in the case of John Brown , being of opinion that the judgment of the Circuit Court was correct . Reports had been current of armed men from Ohio having crossed into Virginia to assist the abolition movement , but they were not authentic .
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GERMANY . Hanover , Dec . 5 th 1859 . The amusing counter-proposal , made by the agent , a would-be modern Franklin , of the United States at the Congress of 1856 , has been taken au serieux by the shipowners of the Haiisetown , Bremen . I reported in riiy last letter that a meeting had been called in this city to consider the best means of protecting private property at sea during war . The meeting 1 was held on Friday , and the conclusion arrived at was , that the best way of preventing robbery by capture , was to prohibit it , and those nations that maintained war fleets would have the
goodness to uphold the prohibition for the benefit of shipowners in particular , and trade and civilisation in general . The meeting appears to have been a closed one , for there was not one voice raised against the folly- Nobody put the question why war fleets exist ? Nobody inquired— what was the moral difference between taking a ship and taking a town , or seizing upon the waggon and horses of a peasant . If the capture of merchant vessels can be . prohibited , and the prohibition maintained , why cannot the taking of towns or the laying them under contribution be likewise rendered contrary to the
laws of nations ? When the Americans , in 1856 , expressed their determination not to give up privateering unless the capture of merchant vessels by national ships of war was likewise abolished , the French laughed at them , and asked whether they imagined that 1869 was 1812 ? France , has now the same good reasons for retaining the right of privateering , that the United States had formerly . The tables are turned—America is all flesh and fat , and France all tooth and claw , and the assumption therefore that America ought to be feared on account of her privateering capabilities , is the sheerest absurdity . The counter-proposal was not a bad
joke , and its piquancy is further heightened by the very ' honest . , greediness with which the Hansetown ^ shipowners have snapped it up , as a bond fide boon . ^ The meeting concluded that the custom of capturing private vessels at sea during «? ar was an injustice opposed to trade and civilisation , and they pray the Senate to exert its influence with the other Governments , that the subject may be brought under the notice of the approaching Congress , and the evil put an end to . During the discussion , one speaker observed that although the proposal made by the United States at the last Congress had failed ,
owing to the opposition of the great naval powers , yet , this time , England might be found more willing to fend an ear to the demand , because Franco had so greatly increased her naval power , and it was consequently as much in the interest of England , as of other nations , to proclaim the inviolability of private property ( belonging to belligerents as well as to neutrals ) during war . Apropos of Bremen , the steamer Weser , appertaining . hitherto to the North Gorman Lloyd , has been purchased by the French Government for the
sum of £ 85 , 000 . She is now lying in the Tyne , to be strengthened and equipped as a war steamer or transport . I find barely Written ray last when the news arrived of the termination of the Conference of Woxzburg— why bo suddenly is n , ot yet explained . I said the whole affair would probably prove to be moonshine } it has turnedouteven less— -a merewill-Q ' tthe .. wlsp—a , snare , but I cannot say , a deception , wrjthe Germans are too knowing now , flfom long wpa dear-bought experience , to be caught by these oarnwTO-Uke hoaxes on the part of thoir princes . Of
the results of this Conference , it is only known at present that a resolution has been adopted to address to all . those Federal Governments which have held aloof , a note stating the reasons for the Conference and the conclusions arrived at . Bavaria and Saxony are to draw up this statement in the name of the Conference ; but it will be brought under the notice of the othfer Governments by a note emanating from Bavaria alone . Nothing worthy of attention has transpired in the Federal Diet . The Hanoverian Chambers are summoned by royal proclamation to meet on the 3 rd January . But for the war alarm , which absorbs all our attention , a very animated session might
be expected . The . Liberals are strong and well commanded , full of hope in the future ; the Court party doubtful of the future , and fully aware that they are utterly detested by the great mass of the people . The authorities seem to have given ear to sound advice , and have ceased from the persecution they had commenced against those who had signed the Programme of Eisenach . The fear of the approaching war is producing the direst consequences . Complaints are loud from all quarters of the declining condition of trade and manufacture . This state of things was endurable during the war , as every one hoped - and believed that the cessation of hostilities would restore confidence and instil new
life into trade ; but the peace , far from mending matters , has only rendered them worse . The general opinion is that , even if the Congress should meet and adopt a settlement , the war will be put off merely for a year or two ; and if this opinion is shared by the Governments , we cannot anticipate anyj reduction " " of these tremendous armaments which are devouring the vitals of all the great nations of Europe . Every social reform , every political requirement , is thrust into the background to make way for improvements in cannon , in rifles , in equipments . The fighting tactics of a Zouave or a Turco are of more interest to the reading public than the finest dissertations of the most patriotic
political economist . Unity , Federal reform , poetry , music—rail are forgotten in this war panic . All the talent , of the nations appears to be exerted solely "in the production of implements of destruction , instead of in works of social utility . People are inquiring of each other , with blank dismay in their faces , how long this armed peace is going to last , and the desire to procure relief from the evil they fear , by . challenging the evil itself , is becoming daily more general and decided . War or peace is the cry , but not a longer continuance in this condition of doubt and dread , which is destroying individuals , and will soon lead to the destruction of nations . A war could not cause much greater
hardships than those which already exist . We are now only in the beginning of winter , and already labourers are everywhere begging for employmentmanufacturers are complaining of short ordersthe stores are all full , nobody can afford to buycapitalists are in doubt where to invest their money —and the peasants bury now , more than ever , their gains in the earth . The journals either do not like , or are not permitted , to make known the universal misery and discontent . Individuals , of course , endeavour to hide their indigence , but every one is aware that his neighbour is curtailing his expenses , and they are all beginning to perceive that what is general is no disgrace , and do not mind declaring their poverty , which all attribute to the circumstancos of the time , not to personal demerit ,
folly , or neglect . The Austrian newspaper press may be considered as annihilated , A new press law , or rather four new supplementary clauses to the old press law of 1852 , have been published , by which any newspaper may be condemned and suppressed at the pleasure of the official who is appointed to watch the journals . By the 4 th clauseof thissupplement , itisprohibited to any journal to publish false news , whethornnventod , or exaggerated , or in any way deviating from the truth ; it is likewise forbidden , undor pain of suppression , to ridicule any official , or publish anything that may bring the Government or any person connected with it , into contempt . If this edict be strictly carried out , all discussion of home affairs is rendered impossible , and the very smallest space in the Austrian journals will , in futuro , bo devoted to their own country .
Adolf Glassbrenner , a well known writer , and Editor of the weekly journal " Bcrlirt , " having asserted in his paper that the disturbance which occurred at the Schiller celebration in Berlin was caused by a set of vagabonds who had been ineited to it by another set of vagabonds , haa been summoned to appear before the authorities at tho instance of the Kreuz Zeitung ' a connexion , who regarded , this as directed against them . Glassbrennor , in explanation , stated that his remarks wore not directed at any person in particular , but he was morally convinced that the disturbance on the 10 th ult . had been ineited by a party that was opposed to the celebration .
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¦» A NATIVE PARLIAMENT . We were the other day conversing with a Bengalee Baboo of some pretensions , who spoke English and talked politics , and altogether answered to the modern idea of an intelligent native gentleman . Of course we talked of the mutiny . Said our intelligent friend , who is an esprit fort in politics : —« If the mutiny had come off sonie ten or twelve years later it would not have much mattered ^ to us . " It would have found us still more tinprepared , observed we . " Very probably , " quoth the Bengalee coolly , " but by that time we should have been able to take up the government ourselves in Bengal . " He then went on to enlarge on the progress made , by Young Bengal in literature , arts , and sciences , and explained that at this rate , they , the Bengalees , should be enabled to realise political equality and liberty within a very short space of time .
Now this gentleman s news are probably by no means extreme in comparison with the average of educated Bengalees . He , no doubt j when at home , takes in . the Indian Patriot and Hindoo Field , besides a few racy native periodicals , and is a member of the British Indian Association in Calcutta , corresponding and co-operating probably with the Ungomuni Islamee or Mussulman Association for promoting the prosperity of all natives generally , and Mahomedans particularly , for which vide prospectus . He belongs to a class which is peculiarly fostered and encouraged by a certain section of the British community , and which is fast learning the important arts of political combination and agitation . ' What is more , the supreme Government in
Bengal looks upon their rapid progress with a complacent eye , and shows every disposition to put this party in opposition to its somewhat unmanageable European population . The Indian Fiehl , no contemptible paper as regards style and power of com position , hounds on the" Baboo to attack the Britisher , and acts as bottle-holder to its native friends , the Hindoo Patriot invariably repeating and applauding any peculiarly -vicious article which may issue from the latter . We have no doubt but that Lord
Canning ' and all the Calcutta members of Government take in the Hindoo Patriot , and are pleased with themselves for thus showing a liberal and tolerant spirit worthy of this enlightened age . Thus patted on the back , encouraged , and pushed forward , the , native Liberal party is advancing at gigantic strides , and we feel sure that , our intelligent friend , whose remarks concerning the mutiny were quoted at the commencement of this article , is a very mild exponent of the ideas and anticipations of his countrymen . " Now , we are aware that we , up hero m tlie the and
North West , are somewhat behind age comparatively benighted , that our style of Government is patriarchal , and that our notions regarding the native population are simply barbarous j therefore we do not shrink from owning that our respectable Bengalee ' s cool remark , to the effect tnat they , tho Bengalees , could have got on without us if the mutiny had been postponed for some dozen years , gave us an unpleasant start , and when our friend had gone , led us into a very queer tram ot meditation . We will not dwoll upon the characteristically pitiless ingratitude displayed in the observation , suercestintr a bird ' s-eyo view of the oducatea in
Baboo calmly turning his educators and teachers - to a pit , after having allowed tho sepoys to cut au their throats , and proceeding unconcernedly to got on without them . " We wish to considor whither all this is tending in Calcutta , and whether those wUO encourage the Calcutta natives to demand tneir political rights aro exactly aware of what they are doing i also whether tho Indian Field , whoso waopondenco and disinterestedness , supposing its articles to be writton by Europeans , deservo at lc&st some commendation , is acting wisely in fostering ana stimulating a fierce snirit of political antagonism
between tho white and black races in Bengal . Sir C . Jackson was right after all— -there can never bo equality of races . And what Is more , there never has been , in any ago or m any country , an equality of two perfect « Mln < W races forming one nation . Wherever , two custmoi * racos have met in any part of the world thoro i \ w been a struggle , and one has gone undor , Uio iwp races may have subsequently coalesced ana unucu by intormixturo , so as to have becomo , in course o * time , oho race to all intents and purposos , uut xww separate races have never existed , and novor wu * exist , in accord . Take tho example of Ireland , m cost us a bloody struggle , which lasted four » wna . \^ years , to fairly conquer Ireland , because up to wi »
Ti&Riohlh-T Tijqvyssttolhltlxct ¦ -I? 1 ' 1*
( Driginat ( ZomsnomUme
Iidia, And Indian Progress.
IIDIA , AND INDIAN PROGRESS .
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; ASrt 2 3 EBE LI ADEiB . [ Ijfo , 5 jQ ! 7 , Dec . 10 . 185 Q
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Citation
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Leader (1850-1860), Dec. 10, 1859, page 1342, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse2.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct2324/page/10/
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