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VICTOR EMMANUEL TO SOUTH ITALY.
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ORIENTAL POLITICS.
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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r ^ HE Sardinian sovereign has addressed to the Neapolitans ~ H- and Sicilians a long proclamation , embodying his views , and setting-forth the reasons for his conduct in entering their territory in accordance with the invitation sent to him by all classes of the community . He declares that he educated himself by the example of his father ; but , let us hope he is animated by a juster conscience ' and a nobler impulse ; for Carlo Alberto undoubtedly sacrificed Italy to his own personal interests , and permitted his fear of a republic to make l ) im betray the Italian cause . Part of this story we have long since heard from Mazzini , and we now have the remainder from Louis Blanc , who tells us that the Provisional Government , of which he was a member , despatched 30 , 000 troops to the Italian frontiers , and offered aid to the late Sardinian King , who replied that , if any French soldiers crossed his frontier he would fire upon them ! Thus showing that the wretched interests of his d } r nasty -were dearer to him than the welfare of the whole Italian race . Vicxoa Emmanuel has not had a similar trial , and we hope he may not be exposed to it ; but we must remember these facts in order to understand the generous conduct of Mazzini in supporting the son of a man who certainly proved himself a traitor , and . also , the foolish animosity which Vigtok Emmanuel displa-ys towards the Republican party , to whom he is deeply indebted , and who have shown , their wisdom in giving him an honest and independent support . AVe do not approve of all the Republicans have said or done , but it would be unjust not to . remember that their doubts of Cavour and his master are riot entirely destitute of foundation ; or to refuse to acknowledge the . important services they have rendered in filling all Italy with the idea of unity , and in furnishing those progressive impulses which have enablecl Sardinia to advance , and rendered possible the brilliant success of Garibaldi , who well deserves Bunyard ' s motto , " Sans peur , etsahs reproche . " In the present proclamation Victor Emmanuel makessoroe . sensible observations on the services rendered to Italy ,, by establishing freedom in . his own dominions ; and he then passes to his relations with the Church . He says , "lavished that : the Catholic religion should be respected ; but , also , that every man should be free in the sanctuary of his own conscience ; and , by strengthening civil authority , I openly resisted that obstinate and scheming faction , which boasts to be the only friend and guardian of the throne , but which aims at ruling in thie name of kings , and placing between the sovereign and the people the barrier of its intolerant passions . " This is a very plain and sensible blow at political Popery , and those principles which the Jesuits support and all the Ultramontane clergy have espoused . With such a policy there can be nothing but war between Sardinia and Rome , until Garibaldi is enabled to fulfil his desire to proclaim the unity of Italy frotn the Quirinal Hill . The part taken by Sardinia in the Crimean war is explained by the desire to " acquire for Italy the right of parti cipating in all acts concerning the interest of Europe . " In the Congress of Paris Victor Emmanuel explains that his ambassadors were able for the first time to speak to Europe of the suffering ' s of the Italians , and show how injurious was the preponderance of Austria . Louis Napoleon is also deservedly complimented for his share in the Italian war , and ( Victor Emmanuel says , " If he ; had been actuated by the 1 personal ambitipn ascribed to his family , he . should have been satisfied with the acquisition of Lorabardy . " . i This is very much like humbug , but so long as the ambition * of the Sardinian ICing * is consistent with the interests of Italy he i needs no excuse for it , but may fairly speak of it openly as a ^ matter of pride , He is quite right as a king in endeavouring' ' to make monarchy satisfy the national desires , and all England - " -except , perhaps , its oligarchy— -heartily -wishes him success . * He recounts the friendly offers he made to the young Kino op < Navi . es , and the obstinacy with which that foolish individual J resisted all the counsels of England and France ; and very naturally asks . " when a brave warrior , devoted to Italy and to ( himself , sailed for Sicily , could he or ought he to have stopped * him ? " Then oomes another pieoe of humbug . "It was feared "i throughout Italy that , under the shade of a glorious popularity , < of a long-tried honesty , a faction should muster which was i ready to suorifice the forthcoming triumph , of the national cause * to tha chimeras of its ambitious fanaticism . " This smells too I strong of the shop , and partakes bf the vulgar jealousy which c monarchs , feel of republican institutions . The Mazssiniana a have , all along 1 , helped Viotqb Emmanuel , as he knows , c and there was no attempt to gratify any ambitious fanatic a ojsm at his expense . It was simply n question of whether o the King of Sardinia would , ' loyally to the Italian people , a try to be king of Itftly , or whether they should be forced to y
set uj > a new programme , and seek their unity through a federation of Republican States . The apjiarent hostility of Cavoue to Garibaldi ' s plans , and the hesitation of Victor .-Emmax- uel himself , may have had abundant justification on . the ground of expediency , but the King arid his minister should make proper allowances for other men ' s difficulties as well as for . . ' their own . He cannot justify the occupation of Neapolitan territory by the fear of Republican naorem . en . ts , and it is both folly and hypocrisy to attempt it . He has Tery properly crossed the boundaries , in spite of diplomatic protests ; and it is abundant justification that his conduct has the support of the jieople among whom . lie goes , and tends to advance the national cause . In his concluding paragraph , the King says he will respect the decision the people may arrive at by the electoral voice ; and adds , "My policy may not , perhaps , be useless to reconcile in Europe the progress of the people with the stability of monarchies . " No rational Republican can fail to see that these are not tirhes in which his theory can be carried into practical application , and as monarchy is plainly the prevailing poorer it is a great gain to find one specimen of it so usefully employed . By distinctly promising to take up the cause of Venice , Count Cavour has reconciled his policy with that of Garibaldi ' s , from which it was never in reality severed , and the union between the two great men is still further shown by his . observations on Rome , and Europe now waits with anxiety to know two things , — -firs'tj whether Francis Joseph ¦ will ' attack or wait to be attacked ; and next , for what purpose the inscrutable man of the Tuileries adds to his forces in Rome . "We . fancy he wishes to entice Austria on , as he did before , and then to pounec upon her , when all Europe will declare she has committed another mistake . That he desires to obtain another piece = of territory is also probable , and the wisest course for England would be to show such unmistakeable sympathy with Italy and desire for her complete emancipation , as to prevent her being entirely dependant upon France . The attitude of itussia is also watched ¦ with anxiety , and it might save a war if she were distinctly-told by England to leave Hungary alone . If Lord John Russell continues his half-witted policy Russia will make a demonstration against Hungary , and very likely assist the Germans into a war with France , To give lip Austria to aj ) prppriate ruin , and to enforce the doctrine of non-intervention , appears the interest and duty of this country . All efforts to save Austria really tend to European war , as they will lead other Powers to blunder , and Louis Napoleon stands ready to take advantage of their faults .
Untitled Article
Oct . 20 , 1860 ] The Saturday Analyst and Leader . 875
Victor Emmanuel To South Italy.
VICTOR EMMANUEL TO SOUTH ITALY .
Oriental Politics.
ORIENTAL POLITICS .
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! THE , time is fa 3 t approaching when the part which Europe seems destined to play in settling the affairs of Asiatic nations , will have to be definitively taken . There are . two opposite views which are taken : on this question . According to one , Europe should exclusively confine itself to trading with the Hindoos and Chinese , and" keep entirely slear from any interference with their international affairs under any circumstances \ vhateycv . According to the other v ' iQ \ vf Europe should xinderfcalce tbo responsibility of subjecting these untutored populations , and governing them for their own good , pretty much in the same way as a guardian jreats his ward during the period of nonage . Practically , tipweverj it has happened that the desire to be meddling lias not permitted tlic first theory to be reduced to practice , md in the present fallen state of human nature , when " nothing tor nothing" is the ruling principle , they who expect to find a iegrec of disinterestedness adequate to the realisation of the latter , arc likely to be disappointed . They would find themselves at fault in expecting such a thing from individuals ; but that States like Corporations , have , no conscience , xnd grown into a saying ages ago . Moreovei ' , in dealing yith such unstable and capricious elements as barbarous or jven domi-civilized populations , the rigid adherence to any axed principle is almost necessarily excluded , and no alternative left but a hand-to-mouth systom of temporizing ex-) edioncy , according to the exigences of passing events . In lealing with agentH of woll-rogulftted conduct , you oan idhore to a fixed plan ; but what arc you to do with the ireaturo of impulse , who bates , ' loves , laughs , cries , rages , , nd swoons all at once , or in such rapid and oonfusqd suclession , that it is impossible to foresee the next fit that may vise . You qan rely upon ft olook ; but what dependance can oil place upon tho fioklo olinmta of your dear native J 2 ng-
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Citation
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Leader (1850-1860), Oct. 20, 1860, page 874, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse2.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct2370/page/3/
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