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LEEDS BOROUGH SESSIONS
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POLITICAL PUNISHMENT
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN , that the next GfcKERAL QUARTER SESSIONS of the Peace for the Borough of Lkkds , in toe West-3 tiding of the County of York , will be holden before Thomas Flower Ellis , the younger , Esquire , Recorder of wie paid Borough , at the Court-House , in Leeds , on WEDNESDAY , the 8 th Day of July next , at Ttvo o Clock in the Afternoon , at which time and place ali Jurors , Constables , Police-Officers , Prosecutors . Witnesses , Persons beund by Recognizances , and others having Business at the Baid Sessions are required xo attend . AND NOTICE IS HEREBY ALSO GITEN , that all Appeals will be heard immediately on the Opening of the Court , and t ' nat all proceedings under the Highway Act will be taken on the first Day of the Sessions . By Order , JAMES RICHARDSON , Clerk of the Peace for the said Borough . Leeds , 10 th June , 1840 .
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^ TO THE OLD AND THE TOUNG—THE GRAVE AND THE OAT . EVERY -BODY * hon 1 d « k for CLEAVE'S PENNY GAZETTE of Variety and Amusement ; a broad-sheet as large as a Newspaper , illustrated with EngraviDgs , and containing Twenty closely printed columns of useful , amusing and instructive matter , to which the most fastidious cannot object Now Publishing , on a broadsheet , nearly as large as The Times , price One Penny , CLEAVE'S GALLERY OF COMICALITIES , a broadsheet of Engravings , humourous , ludicrous , and picturesque ; and Nos . I . and II . price one penny each . CLEAVE'S POLITICAL PICTURE GALLERY ; comprising one hundred and twenty firstrate Engravings !! Also , now publishing , Price One Shilling and Sixppnee per 100 , or Five for a Penny , The Question : — I WHAT IS A CHARTIST 1-ANSWERED AS ! to Principles and as to Practice , »* The friends of The Charter are earnestly requested to aid in giving this admirable tract an extensive circulation . A Liberal Allowance to those j purchasing to give away . j Now publishing , price one Penny , on a broad-sheet , | with an Engraving of the British Deadly Upas i Tree , THE NEW BLACK LIST ; being a Comj parative Table of Allowances to Rich and Pool ; Paupers , with a variety of other useful information , : important alike to the non-consuming producers , I and to the non-producing consumers . i ^_^_ ! Now publishing , price One Penny , ! ADDRESS to the Fathers and Mothers , Sons and | Daughters of the WORKING CLASSES , on the I System of Exclusive Dealing , and the formation of Joint Stock Provision Companies , showing how the t People may free them 5 el 7 es from oppression . By J Robert Lottery , Member of the late Convention . and Shareholder in the Newcastle Joint Stock Proj vision Company . Price Twopence ( originally published at 4 s . 6 d . ) THE DRAMA OF WAT TYLER . By R . Southey , Poet Laureate to her Majesty , i " Every lover of his species should make an effort I to circulate this splendid and truly invaluable Poem . " j Patriot . ! The Cobbetl Club . —Just Published , price Sixpence j A POLITICAL TRACT . ! Contexts : An Introductory Address , Stamp Duties , Irish Poor Laws , Irish Coercion Bill , Corn j Laws , Canadian Rebellion , Parliamentary Reform , : Universal Suffrage ; Is Education ( . "heddication '; ' necessary to quality Men to exercise the Elective . Franchise 1 Ballot , Annual Parliaments , and Pay-: ment of Members , Property Qualification , Physical ; Force , Right of Arming , Right of Resistance , &c . Just Published , Price One Penny , i THE COBBETT CLUB PETITION . ! " Hvmblt Shewehi . "—See the Petition . ; " The Petitioners have made a most impudent and delibprate attempt to insult and coerce this house !" i —Sir Robert Inglis ' s Speech in the House of Com-. mons . j Also , Prite Twopence , AN ADDRESS TO THE WORKING MEN OF : AMERICA . : BY ELT MOORE , 1 President of the General Trades Union of New York , and one of the Representatives to Congress for that State . N . B . THE TRADE SUPPLIED , with all the LONDON PERIODICALS on the the most liberal terms—for prompt payment . No letters takenunless prepaid . London : J . Cleave , Shoe Lane , Fleet Street ; and ¦ by all the Agents for this paper in Town and Country .
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STAKSASB NOVELS . —A UBBARY FOR A SO ? 2 R £ IGN . VTOW PUBLlSHING , and Sold by all Booksellers ll in Town and Country ,
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fpHE remarkable properties of Medicines have X engaged the attention of mankind in all ages , sad to the sagacity , industry , and good fortune of inquirers , the world is indebted for many valuable discoveries . AmoBg these are some ivaich have maintained their claim vo distinction for a long period ¦ of time , and have commanded "approbation as real additions to the general stock .
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Pkrrt ' s Pubjftisq Specific Pills , famous throuhout Europe for th » Cure of Scrofula , Old Wounds , and for Lue 3 Yenerea , are mild and speedily efficacious , in . recent as well as the most obstinate eases ; price 2 a . 9 d ., 4 s . 6 d . and lls ., and with each Box is givta A Tkeaiwb ox Stphilitic Diseases .
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MEDICAL ADYICE . OF serious Importance to those who are suffering from Venereal or Syphilitic Diseases , Nervous , or Sexual Debility , Rheumatism , Scurvy Scorbutic Eruptions , aud all Diseases aiising from impurity of the Blood . Mr . LA'MERT , SURGEON , No . 21 , FALKNER-STREET , MANCHESTER , Licentiate of the Apothecary ' s Hall , London , and Honorary Member of the London Hospital Medical ^ Society , &c , having devoted his studies for many years to the various diseases of the generative organs , and to the cure of these insidious and often fatal diseases , at the various Hospitals in London , and in the Universities of Edinburgh and Dublin , cannot refrain from directing attention to the deplorable consequences so con-
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—** -m 4 m m ¦ n ^ — ¦ " * 'T Tli ' ^ "" " ¦ * MACKINTOSH ON RESPONSIBILITY . THIS DAT IS PUBLISHED , - AN INQUIRY INTO THE NATURE OF RESPONSIBILITY as adduced from Savage Justice , Civil Justice , and Social Justice , with some remarks upon the Doctrine of Irresponsibility , a 8 taught by Jesus Christ and Robert Owen . Also , UPON THE RESPONSIBILITY OF MAN TO GOD . By Simmons Mackintosh . To be completed in Four Numbers at Threepence each . No . 1 is now ready . SOCIALISM EXAMINED , Price 2 d . Guest , Birmingham ; Hey wood , Manchester ; Hobson , Leeds ; Hetherington , Cleave , and Watson , London .
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Domestic Materia Medioa Eye Medicines for the cure ofthe above diseases . Mr . B . may be consulted at Northampton from Monday loth to Saturday 20 th of June ; from thence to Warwick , Worcester , Gloucester , and Bristol His place of abode will be made known by handbill ? , and this paper , when longer than a week in each place . N . B . Mr . B . ' shome address is Bridgeman ' s Place Bolton , Lancashire , where all letters , post-paid ! will be forwarded .
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Most Important Testimony of Lieut ! Masters , H . P . LATE OF THE RoYlX NEWFOUNDLAND VeTEra . n Companies .
Leeds Borough Sessions
LEEDS BOROUGH SESSIONS
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PETITION OF WILLIAM PROWTING ROBERTS . The humble Petition of William Prowling Roberts , lately of Bath , Gentleman , Showeth , —That on the 11 th day of March last , at the Assize at Salisbury , he was convicted , in conjunction with MessrB . Potts and Carrier , on a charge of conspiracy , and of having attended publio meetings at and near Trowbridge , and was sentenced to two years' imprisonment in Kigherton Gaol , and , on the expiration of that time , to find sureties for his good behaviour .
That your petitioner has been a aealoua advocate ofthe principles contained in the People ' s Charter , and he assures your Honourable House that , during the whole of his advocacy of that Bill , he has uniformly recommended the observance of peace , law , and order ; and he submits , that the three or four unguarded and improper expressions sworn against him at his trial are not inconsistent with this assertion . That the meetings proved at the trial all occurred in September and the followingmonths in 1838 , and Jan . and April , 1039 , and that he was not indicted for them till the last day but one of the July Assizes , 1839 ; when , as he had thus but a few hours' notice of the charges , he traversed to the last Spring Absizes .
That the wife and child of your petitioner remained in Salisbury three days after the trial , and that repeated applications were made for them to be allowed to see your petitioner , and that such applications were refused by the Governor as contrary to the rules , which admit of no interview until after six months' imprisonment . That soon afterwards your petitioner was required to give up his money , papers , knife , and everything else heiad about him , to wear the prison dress , and to have his hair cropped after the fashion of felons , to all of which he made to resistance . But he is informed that Mb hair was not cropped so close as is customary , with felons , and that his dress also varies from theirs ; the latter being a mixture of croy , red ,
ana yellow , while his , like those of misdemeanants , is of one colour , black . : That your petitioner believes that the compulsion to have the hair cropped , and to wear the prison dress , are solely for the pnrpose of degrading the Prisoner "i his own eyes and with the publio . That to the same cause your petitioner attributes the denial of his great coat ; but which , on the order of the surgeon , was afterwards granted him as necessary for . hia health . That to tb&aame cause your petitioner attributes the fact that , at the general weekly shaving , it is a rule that the whiskers , as well as the beards , of
your petitioner and the other convicts Bhould be completely shared off . That your petitioner , save as hereinafter mentioned , is deprived of the privilege of writing . That , about a fortnight after his imprisonment , the Visiting Magistrates , whose general kindness and courtesy he now desires to acknowledge , gave your petitioner permission to correspond once a week with his wife and son on domestio affairs ; and that , on application to the Secretary of State , he has also been allowed to correspond with bis agent on matters of business ; and he has also no doubt but that this petition will be allowed to reach your Honourable House .
That the above permission of the Visiting Magistrates was granted solely in consequence of your petitioner being unwell ; and their opinion , as stated in their order , that hia illness arose from want of relaxation of mind . That your petitioner ' s correspondence is subjected to the surveillance of the Governor ; and that thiB is
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the case with all prisoners before as well as after conviction . Than your petitioner is limited , as to food , to the prison allowance , which , in ordinary cases , is bread , and what is called gruel or skilly ; the former very good ; of the latter ne knows nothing , as he never has touched it , and never will . But your petitioner desires to state that , soon after his imprisonment , the surgeon ordered him a bed to sleep upon , milk morning and evening , and , subsequently , a dinner from the Governor's table
, and wine ; all of which , with an unimportant alteration , he has had ever 6 ince . But then , also , your Honourable House must understand that such order is in consequence of your petitioner ' s illness , and that , on a reinstatement of his health , they will all be removed ; he will be left to the bread and skilly , and sleep on a coarse sack filled with straw . That your petitioner is not allowed to have his watch or penknife , nor even to have a knife to cut his dinner with , which , therefore , he eats after the manner of cannibals .
Your petitioner believes that the denial of a knife is to prevent suicide , a crime which your petitioner has given no reason to suppose he will commit . That your petitioner sleeps in a brick and stone cell , on a narrow iron bedstead , and has no chamber furniture ; and that in this , and all other respects , explained as hereinbefore stated , he is treated as a convicted felon , with the exception of being allowed to wear his own linen . That your petitioner is not allowed to see a newspaper , and is confined to the silent system , speaking to no one but the Governor and the turnkeys , whose strict practice it is ( and as he is informed it is their duty ) to let him know nothing of what is passing beyond the prison walls .
That in the same gaol with your petitioner is William Potts , convicted with him ; but that he and your petitioner are never Buffered to speaK to or see each other . Even in going to chapel they enter by separate doors to separate pews , screened from eaoh othor ; and , in going out , lest they should give a nod of recognition , the ono is got into the yard before ttio other leaves his seat . Your petitioner believes there is no parallel instance of such a regulation . That your petitioner is not allowed the uso of books , except those on religious subjects , and such as the chaplain approves of . That " Gibbon ' s Decline and Fall , " « ' Essays of Elia , " and "Modern Egypt , " have been sent to your petitioner by his wife , but that he is not permitted to have them , the chaplain not considering them proper .
That your petitioner is not permitted to see his wife or children , relations or friends ; and that though , as he is informed , when he has endured three months longer , he will be permitted to see them , yet it will be under such restriction ? that he does not intend to avail himself of the privilege . His wife , in a dim half-lighted passage , will have to stand on one side of an iron-grated door , while your petitioner stands on the reverse side of another iron-grated door , about six feet apart from each other , a turnkey standing between them , to hear and control their conversation .
This sort of interview your petitioner , then UuGOnvicted , submitted to about a twelvemonth ago ; and , whatever may be his fate , he never desires to be pained with another ; so that unless he should become so ill that his life would be considered in danger ( in which case he is induced to believe there might be some little relaxation ) , he wilLsee no relation nor friend , and hear of nothiug , for the next twenty-one months . That , as an instance of the exclusion of all intelligence , your petitioner informs your Honourable House , that he will not hear of the reception or rejection or other fate of this petition , until the expiration of his sentence in March , 1842 . That , though your petitioner humbly confides in the Almighty that he may be spared suck an affliction , yet he respectfully submits to your Honourable House that such treatment , continued , for so long a period , is calculated to induce insanity or idiocy , or a Btate of mental imbecility bordering upon them .
That the existence of your petitioner is , with the exception of the correspondence before stated , one entire blank . He is rung to his cell at sunset , and rung up in the morning ; passing through the twentyfour hours without the interchange of a single thought . Throughout the year , however cold the weather , he is to see neither fire nor caudle . And if your petitioner did not conscientiously believe that society is fast progressing towards a more Christian feeling , he should earnestly pray for death to relieve him from his sufferings . That your petitioner is desirous that this petition should not only be Btrictl y true , but that it should convey no unjust or unfair impression against the prison authorities ; he therefore desires to state , that at all times he has been treated by the Vi&iting Magistrates with great courtesy and humanity ; and also that from the Governor he has experienced much kindness and good feeling .
Your petitioner is informed , that in his case , as indeed it seems to be in all others of a similar nature , the hardships complained of are beyond the control of any one , and that no body in particular is to be blamed for them . That your petitioner has for some time been very unwell , and he trusts that thiB will , with your Honourable House , be g ome exouse for any impatieut or improper expression that in this petition fie may have made use of . . Your petitioner humbly submits this statement to your Honourable House , and prays such relief as to your Honourable House shall seem proper .
And your petitioner , as in duty bound , will ever pray , &c . W . P . Roberts . Cell , Fisherton Gaol , Salisbury , June 13 , 1840 .
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CARLISLE . PUBLIC MEETING To Memorialize the Queen on belialf of the political prisoners , convened and presided over by . the Mayor . On Saturday , the 27 th inst ., the following requisition was sent to tke Mayor , signed by upwards of 150 burgesses , freemen , and inhabitants : — " To the Worshipful the Mayor of the Borough of Carlisle—May it please your Worship , we , the undersigned burgesses , freemen , and inhabitants ofthe Borough of Carlisle , beg leave to request you to call a public meeting in the Town Hall , at your earliest convenience , to memoraliso her Majesty in behalf of those numerous and unfortunate persons who are now suffering imprisonment for political offences . " The following was his Worship ' s answer : —
In reply to the above requisition I hereby call a public meeting in the Town Hall , on Monday , the 29 th , at twelve o ' clock . " On the Mayor taking the chair , there was considerable applause . He 6 aid , the regular way of proceeding is , first to read the requisition , which he would do . These are my reasons for calling the present meeting—the signatures of 350 fellow citizens are sufficient reasons for a chief magistrate calling a meeting—indeed I should have considered I was not doing my duty had I not complied . Another reason is , that circumstances are much changed—the trials of those persons are now overtime excitement is allayed , and there can beino danger in now calling a public meeting . I consider public meetings , when properly conducted , to be of great advantage , and as I have called this meeting I feel assured that no other subjects will be introduced . I must say a house divided against itself
cannot stand . Mr . J . B . Hanson then rose to propose the memorial . He said Mr . Mayor and fellow-townsmen , it is with feelings of pleasure and delight , that I rise to propose a memorial in behalf of our incarcerated friends , more especially as the Mayor is presiding , and I see a feeling being displayed in their favour by all classes . If the middle and working classes could only come to a good understanding it would soon heal those wounds , which at present unfortunately exist in society . The example set forth to-day will have a good effect all over the country , for it will now go forth to the world , that it is not the Chartists alone who are exerting themselves in behalf of these men , many of whom , as the memorial states , arc-men of- * cknowledged talent and ability . Jud ge Coleridge observed on the last circuit , that he had
recently been trying one of the most eminent of the Chartists , Mr . Jamea Bronterre O'Brien , who I feel convinced would not have been imprisoned at the present moment had it not been from his being deceived in the production of some of the evidence . Something must shortly be done , for the suffering and privation of the working classes are unbearable , and wherever that suffering exists , crime must necessarily increase in alike proportion . The present jail discipline is considered to D 8 bad and it must soon be altered , for it is-a disgrace to a country like England . You are aware ouf only object is mercy , and I shall feel great pleasure in the Mayor always presiding at themeetings of the people , which must have the effect of producing a better understanding in society . I was lately perusing Shakapeare , and the following passage struck me as Being very appropriate—*• The quality of mercy Is hot Btralned : It droppeth , as the gentle . rain from heaven Upon the place beneath , it is twice bless'd ; It bleaseth him that gives , and him that takes : Tis mightiest in the mightest it becomes The throned monarch better than his crown . His sceptre shews the force of temporal power , The attribute to awe and majesty , Wherein doth sit the dread and fear of kings . It is an attribute to God himself ; And earthly power doth then shew likest God ' s When mercy seasons justice . "
Mr . Hanson then read the following memorial , which was seconded by Mr . James Ahxhub , and carried unanimously . " May it p lease tour Majestt , —We , the loyal inhabitants of the Borough of Carlisle , in publio meeting assembled , beg leave to approach your Majesty with that respect and devorion which we owe to your Majesty , and to implore your Majesty ' s merciful attention and consideration to the imprisonment now being endured by a very numerous body of your Majesty ' s subjects for political offences . We believe that those unfortunate persons are generally
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of unblemished character , whilst many are possessed of acknowledged talent and ability ; and that the oeta which have led to their incarceration have originated in an ardent desire to improve the condition of their fellow mcn and not from any feeling of disloyalty to your Majesty . We , therefore , humbly beseech your Majesty , on account of their mothers , wives , and children , who , having been deprived of their support , are left in a state of great distress , that your Majesty will be pleased to grant them a free pardon , or at least a considerable mitigation of their present sufferings , and thus secure to your Majesty a continuance of that respect and devotion which is ever due to a kind and beneficent Sovereign . " Mr . Bowman then moved the following resolution , which was seconded by Mr . M'Kenzte , and carried unanimously , .
" That the memorial just adopted be entrusted to the Mayor for presentation to her Majesty , through such channel as he may deem proper . " , . Mr . John Armstrong then addressed the meeting in a speech , though short , replete with good sense . A vote of thanks was then given to the "Mayor , who stated that he would immediately forward the memorial to Lord Normanby for presentation to the Queen .
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STOCKPORT . SIGNAL DEFEAT OF THE CORN-LAW REPEALERS BY THE CHARTISTS . On Wednesday evening , a course of two lectures was commenced in the Court-Room , by a Mr . Heyworth Hargreaves , an operative , from Halifax . In consequence of the large placards , headed "No Bread Tax , " which had been issued at the expense of the Manchester anti-Corn Law League , the Chartists assembled themselves at the Radical Association-Rooms , for the purpose of devising what steps should be taken respecting this ingenious move , the League having in vain dispatched the more aristocratic lecturers , Messrs . Paulton , Smith , &c to this town , and now had struck upon a new device , that of hiring an opentivei in the hope that he could more persuasively appeal to the working people , and convince them that it was more advisable to repeal the Corn Laws , reduce the wages , and starve the people , than to alter the present system of Legislation by a profit-mongering Parliament .
Mr . Peter . Chappell undertook to discuss the question with the lecturer , and accordingly waited upon him to make sueh arrangements as would be amicable to both parties without affecting © r prejudicing the position of either of the speakers ; but as the argument touching the manufacturing community ' would not be disposed of till Thuvsday , the lecture on the Wednesday was not very interesting , the evening having been principally occupied by the introductory remarks , in order to bring the operation of the Com Laws down to a recent date .
The meeting was not , therefore , very well attended . There was no Chairman appointed , nor was there any of the Stockport Branch of the Manchester anti-Corn-Law League present to give Hargreaves their countenance . We suppose that , as he was a working man , these a * l 9 toCM . t 9 cottonocracy considered him bsneath their notice . The very sweat of his brow stunk in their nostrils . Mr . CimrsTY introduced the lecturer . Mr . Hargreaves , after apologising for the want of rhetoric , having had merely a Sunday School education , and being a poor illiterate man , went on to contend the bread tax wa 3 the cause of the distress of the agricultural labourers , and the working population at large .
Mr . ChappelIi said he agreed with all that hod fallen from the speaker respecting the distressed state of the agricultural community ; but he attributed that distress not to the Corn Laws , but to a nefarious , interested , and jobbing system of Parliamentary legislation . Let the attention of the people be directed to the fundamental principles ot the present representation , and there would be found the germ of all our evils—the cause of all our wants , and all our grievances . Some conversation having taken place between the parties , as to the manner in which the discussion should be conducted on the following evening , a proposition ¦ was made to the lecturer that Mr . Letch , also an operative in Manchester , should argue the whole- question with him the next evening . Hargreaves declined it , saying that having arranged with Chappell , he could not consent to discuss with a third party . It was then suggested that a special meeting for the purpose should take place , that Hargreaves also " shelved , " alleging that his time was made up till the end of July .
The meeting then adjourned till the following evening . On Thursday night , the contendants , Hargreaves and Chappell , made their appearance on the platform In the Court Room , before a most crowded meeting of the working classes . There was no chairman on this occasion ; and the party having arranged the order and duration of speaking , * Mr . Hargreaves opened the proceedings in a speech of an hour long , in which he endeavoured to show that the manufacturing districts were , suffering great privations and distress from want of employment , that all their drapers were becoming bankrupts in rapid succession , all of which was attributable to the Com Laws fettering and trammelling their trade and commerce , both foreign and domestic .
Mr . Chappell , in reply , contended the present distress was to be attributed to bad legislation at home , and not to the Corn Laws at all . The two opponents having again addressed the audience , Mr . Hargreaves did not reply . He complimented Chappell upon the fairness and candour with which he had conducted his opposition . Of the twenty-eight towns he had visited , he had not met any disputant half so honourable . Mr . P . L . Fogg then put a motion in favour of the Charter , which , on being seconded , was carried by an immense majority , amidst shouting and clapping of hands . The meeting broke up about eleven o ' clock .
On Saturday night , Mr . Leech , of Manchester , whose challenge had been declined by Hargreaves , gave a lecture in the Working Men ' s Association Room , to a large meeting of Radicals , in reply to the general tenour of Mr . Hargreaves ' a speech on the subject of the Com Laws . The speaker handled the question with great ability , and at some length , and proved the fallacy of the arguments of the Cora Law Repealers , when compared with the importance of Universal Suffrage and a Reformed Parliament . He was much and deservedly cheered throughout the lecture .
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THE BEST WAY TO REPEAL THE MALT TAX , AND TO OBTAIN THE CHARTER . ( From the Chartist Circular , a halfpenny periodical which every body should read . ) Friends of Freedom—civil , political , and religious—I admire the noble struggles you are making to spread around you a knowledge of the political and religious burdens that are pressing upon the industry ofthe nation , and oppressing , starving , and murdering the masses , by thousands . In looking at the picture of the tree of taxation , without representation , for the upholding of Church and State , the picture is appalling in the extreme ; and well may we wonder , how the people have permitted themselves to be robbed of so much blood and treasure
for the upholding of a debauched , pampered aristocracy , and a bloated , prideful , Mammon-hunting priesthood . Truly may we say , the patience and industry of the masses of Britain , in the burden of their oppressors , may well be the " envy of surrounding despots . " But there is one species of our ignoble load , ' and one prevailing cause of our slavery , degradation , and oppression , whioh has been entirely overlooked , and which I think needs but to be exposed to the gaze of an enlightened philanthropic public struggling , as they are , for political and religious emancipation , to be abandoned , and the more readily because it ia a voluntary burden—a voluntary moral aB well as mental and physical degradation and oppression , that we bring upon ourselvjes . It is our
dnnkmg customs , practices , and fashions , which have fixed themselves upon us aa habits , and which in a national point of view , ( to whioh I shall particularly allude in this , and the articles that may follow ) are eating the very vitals of society , spreading nnsery , disease , ruin , and death , through every portion of our population . I will , then , in this , endeavour to show , satisfactorily , that the waste and expenditure to the nation , that can be legitimately traced to these baneful practices , are truly appalling . It may , be observed , generally , here , that there are very few sins we commit but are expensive . It costs a man , community , or nation , much more to be wicked and sensual , than to be religious and liberal . Thus clearly establishing the Boriotural maxim .
" Godliness is profitable to all things . ' And drunkenness—yea , even what the most call moderate drinking , may be easily shown to be one of the most expensive of vices . But lest you should think I am going to sermonise , I will proceed to ehow , and I think I will be able to establish proof ,. that our drinking customs consume more of the labour of the masses , and thereby destroy their comforts j than any other cause thatiBin operation j and that , would we but learn sobriety , by which , I mean total abstinence from all that intoxicates , we would soon , very soon work out both our political and religions
emancipation . Give me , then , your serious attention , te noble . patriots for political and religious liberty while I point out to you a few of the chains whioh are binding you down , but which you can easily burst asunder * if you but will , and scatter to the four winds of heaven , never more to be used for your mental , moral , political , or religious enthralment . Chain Firsfc ^ 32 , 823 , 134 bushela malt , brewed by public brewers and licensed victuallers , taken at 12 gallons to the bushel , and at 2 s . per gallon £ 38 , 387 , 628 This chain is taken from a Government return .
Chain Second—6 , 225 , 592 bushels malt , brewed , by private families , cost of malt per bushel , 8 s . ... ... ... ... 2 , 489 , 456 Hops 1 Ib . per buaUfil , at la . per lb . ... 3 ii ' i 76 Take interest upon capital , wear , tear , &c , or private brewing utensils ... 1 , 050 , 230 Total weight of the chain for malt ~ liquor alone ... £ 43 , 238 , 420
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Chain Third , or Second if yon will , for the other ia bat one Chain in two grand connecting links . We will call this the wine chain : 3 , 420 , 342 imperial gallons of wine , _ at 22 s . 6 d . per gallon , -which could be easily shown , from the adulterations that axe practised in the trade , that it might be doubled ; but take it as it is at present , the enormous sum of ... 6 , 750 , 00 * Then there is cyder , perry , and homemade wines , which cannot be calculated at less than ... ... ... ... 2 , 000 , 0 0 *
The cost of our wine chain ... ... , £ 8 , 750 , 001 Chain Fourth , or Third , properly , may be termed our spirit chain , which , in whisky , rum , gin , and brandy , amounts to about 37 , 000 , 000 , which , taken at 17 s . per gallon overhead , which will be found to be below what it cost the consumer , taking them all in , hut at this we have about ... ... ... ^ 22 , 950 , iu Then we have our police establishments , gaols , lunatic asylums , bridewells , houses of refuge , &c . which cannot be taken at less , with prosecution , than ... ; .. ...... . 3 , 500 , 00 * Then we have loss of labour , which , to all intents , is capital , if , as taken by Mr . Buchanan , which has not been mis-, doubted or contradicted ......... 50 , ooo , oo » . £ 128 , 438 , 480
ject ; om s here given , which 1 am sure do not overshoot the facts , we see the melancholy truth , that about 128 millions are rathei below than above the sum which is annually spent and wasted upon these detestable poisons . In my next , I will bring before your notice the number of licensed brewers in the United Kingdom , with the probable number of men they employ ; the number of beer sellers beer retailers , with the probabh rents they may pay , the probable number employed by them and dependent upon them ; the number of distillers licensed ^ and the number of persons licen . sed to deal in and retail spirituous liquors . And as these are almost all opposed to the establishment ot political freedom , or to say the least , cold indifferent spectators in the struggle going on , it-certainly becomes a matter of grave consideration , whether you ought to withdraw your support from them or not .
sub but fr the calculation Now , in these fermented liquora , mentioned above there will be by chemical calculations about seventy million gallons of proof spirits ; and in the winj nearly two million , and in the brandy , gin , whiskj &e . thirty-seven million , making in all of proof spirits , 109 million gallons of intoxicating alcoholit spirits ; and in this we have an excess of alcholic spirits in fermented liquors above distilled liquors of thirty-three million of gallons ; hence the moral inconsistency , or ignorance of our medical men an ( legislators , to encourage the people to drink these fermented liquors , and thereby make them the forgen of their own chains . We would give the readei several other calculations upon this part of onr slavery , but it U a query whether aB yet it is possible to arrive at the exact truth on this very important
Untitled Article
PARIS POLICE . THE DOG OF MONTAB . GIS . President—You are brought here to account for your absence from guard on the night of . Jerome—Where the devil is that dog . Don ' t let him in here whatever you do . Keep him out or you'll catch it . President—Answer man , why did you not mount guard on the night of —— -: ? Jerome—Ah , the dog—ah , the good dog . Let Qt speak . Don ' t let in the dog I say , for if he finds vu out I will not answer for the heels of the sentinel , or your calfd , your honour . President—We will find means to silence you mischievous dog .
Jerome—My dog mischievous—what a story . Hj is an angel—a lamb ; he has all the virtues Debuging to a dog—good father—good hiisband , butheia a singular fault ; he cannot bear a uniform , and that is the fact . Ah , keep him out—take care of your heels I say . President—What has all this to do with yota refusing to mount guard t Jerome—A great deal , your honour . Just keep quiet a bit . You see I once had a wife . She is dead , and may the earth lie easy on her chest ! She was » charming woman , but rather fond of the army . She had cousins in every regiment in the service . Oni day it was a dragoon , the next a lancer , then i grenadier , then a light bit . I once found that the dram-major was a near relation of my wife ' s . President—Come to an end .
Jerome—Stop a bit , I say . I felt very uneasy , both for the Bake of my purse and the honour of mj family , but could not help myself , until one night I went to the play and saw the Dog of Montargis , or the Forest of Bondy . I saw , your honour , that a , dot was taught to fly at a light-horse-man ' s uniform , an 3 so , thinks I to myself , my job is done—all ' s right . I went your honour , to a neighbour , whose mastiff bitch had just pupped . I bought the strongest and most promising puppy , and every day , in my garden , I gave him a lesson in manners which he does not forget to this day . President—What did you do f
Jerome—I huug a soldier ' s uniform on a free ^ ani would not let him have his dinner until he ha ! worried it . The consequence was . that my doj CaB 3 ar took a violent aversion to anything wearing i uniform—and as he grew big , the instant ene of my wife ' s cousins came into the house—bang he wai into the calf of his leg—or having a bite at hit shoulder—or——President—And your wife ! Jerome—Oh , she died , Heaven bless her soul ! - but I keep Caesar in case I should marry again .
President—But what has all this to do with yonr not mounting guard ! Jerome—Don ' t yon see , if I put on a uniform , Cassar , who is no respecter of persons , would watt into my calf . President—You are fined ten francs . Jerome—Caasar , Casar . Casar ; at him , good dog .
Untitled Article
Opening of the Lancaster and Preston Jv& tion Railway . —On Thursday last , this railway ws opened throughout the entire line , by the Director and a party of friends . The day was observed ast general holiday , the inhabitants appearing to fed that the completion of an undertaking promising such extensive and important benefits to the torn and neighbourhood , ought to be observed as a day of rejoicing and congratulation . Extensive FiRE .-rThe large house and extend * farming premises belonging to Mr . Carneli , at Broadclist j were discovered to be . on fire on Tuesdaj evening , and the parish engine was immediately set to work , but the flames increased bo ramdlv . thst
the engine was abandoned and burned ; the engine from Exeter were of no use , land the whole ran ? of barns , sheds ., stables , cattle pens , farm produce cows , horses , calves , and poultry , as well as the mansion , fell a prey to the flames . The property is insure ! to a large amount . —Western Luminary . Rob Roy s Head —As the Rob Roy steamer wa lately passing through the Crinal canal at night , two of the passengers had lain down to sleep by th » bow of the vessel As is the custom the captain gaye orders to unship the head of * Rob , " which is fastened by hinges to give greater facility for s « doing . Of course the head hangs down on the decfc One of the passengers awaking , involuntarily put
out his hands , when they came in contact with the cold face of the figure . He then cautiously felt the rest of the body all over ,, when the horrid idea struck his mind that his companion was a corps . With a voice as loud as . fear could pitch it , he exclaimed . " Murder ! Teevil Almighty , Tonald ' sdenit and she s in my debt three baubees ; she pareowl wae me to pay her fare . By thia time the passengers were surrounding the astonished Duncan , m all their reasoning bad to be put in requisition t » convincehim of his error . —Scotch paper . Mutiny in the Glasgow House of Refugs . - Since the establishment of the House of Refuge , tl * inmates , at least the more impracticable amorf
them , have always , as the period of Glasgow 6 " approaohed , manifested a degree , of uneasiness td discontent which , was not observable at any o ther season . On Tuesday evening a great number of tk » inmates rushed into the lobby , with a loud yell , W « expressed their determination to get out of the house-They were joined b y others , and ultimately , itia ** heved , about ISO were in the lobby at one tin *' Many of them .. were armed with implements usedia their work , and . iix the course of jbe ^ disturbane * several of the doors - were broken by their fury . N ° complaint was made by them in reference to th « treatment which'they are ' accustomed to receiw * their sole detaand . was , that they should be set » liberty . The Governor , whose snsnioions had - . 1 **
previously awakened , had . secretly secured the tm danceof some police officers , who instantly met " imurgente , and checked their progress ; but wJ were assiffedlwith great violence , and struck sever ? with weatwnB and missiles of every description . «•» could be laid hold ot Large quoits , pieces of wooo » and the dwhes from which their food is taken , ^ J hurled at the heads of the police , several of wW » received severe injuries in the scuffle . AparH » the inmates , who had in vain attempted to get out the house by , a tack or side door , returned w * f scene of disturbance , and were particularly fiercej »
the attack : but by making good use of their bih " the police latterly succeeded in quelling the tumw without a Bingle boy having effected his escape ; w «» we believe , about seventy of the insurgents werj put in a place of confinement , where they are ** still lying . Yesterday all ttfe . inmate , ™?* l above exceptions , were at their work as usual ; » " we believe , the directors wiU be greatly P ^ ed Jfto to act with regard to the others . The . ^ SK escape appears to have been coolly preme < n » ieu all likelihood by some of the more advanced aBO ** fractory , in the first place ; and , when nj * iW j sidered that many of them are almost as JP ° fthey robust as they will ever be , the wonder is w »' . ' did not effect their purpose .
Political Punishment
POLITICAL PUNISHMENT
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2 THE * TiT * TH 15 Tl v < a t A B 1 __ — "i »^«^^^^^»^»—i i nM n ¦ j . . ¦¦ — ¦ . ^ . , i ^ _ -. . -.. ^ ¦ '' , j T *—** -m 4 m m ¦ n ^ — ¦ " * 'T Tli ' ^ "" " ¦ * ' " " ' ¦'"¦ ' - ¦ ' — ¦ i i t _ ¦ . . ^ i ¦ i ¦ ¦¦ . — .. iw — — , ... ¦ . i lm Um ¦¦¦¦* .... ¦ ¦¦¦¦¦ ¦ . . ' ¦¦ — — ,.... ¦ ¦' - ¦ , , — ¦¦ . . — - ¦ ¦ ,, , ., - ^ H
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), July 4, 1840, page 2, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse2.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/king-y1kbzq92ze2691/page/2/
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