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^ristiwa Gutttfipotiuxut. -,:;, : . WtiSfW Conrt0pOBftieiWe. - '.
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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jp tbk xnmnt or Tan ifoszBKKV stab . , gOSPPCB SiLEHITirSIEM OF PRISON 1 . .. PISCIPLLXB . - ^ Stb , —PrtTfans to entering on a description i btrbarous croehie * inflicted on the unfortunate , confined in that abode ot misery and tortar *—geld Howe of Correction—I think it will eok fee get ouf af place IT I describe a pwt of vbat id » t York durfcg the trial , tad after tb »« M-,, of a * Cb&rt ^ jwuwners at tbe 2 ut Swiss
llfin * 5 ta )» tpedrnen of the sort of jurymen to jre enfrusted the live * and liberties of their ^ OTntir nieB . Immediatel y after tbe trials of ttffiald Qartisto , Wa Ashioa and I Trent into t Hotel , * n d wtHit there , J happened to remark he Jury *» fo ° tried the Sheffieldera , -was comof spartel of ignorant tanners ; that I doubted B some of them could write their names , and rbere Chartists were concerned , I thousht they talyproEOtmce the word " Guilty . " "Tbou ' s a ( shouted a fanner who sat in the room ) for oi t Jury to-day , and we acquitted nx on urn though rere gnSty rcegU enu £ - Then , said I , "Why did sjuit them if you thought so . Whoy , " replied lUSyiat Juryman , "because TJadge said there iiu&cient evidence" You Trill of coarse judge "
ihtanand I enjoyed ahearty laugh at the expanse i juryman , A * bton remarking that he -would take t mi not on Ms Jury . thsBamsley » en expected their trials coming on raring . * e walked to theCwart . Asaton , Hoev ttUr&e were soon called , and amongst the persona en their Jury appeared this same individual , who BStadlatetj challenged by Aautoa . r , niy motive for mentioning this is to shew the y what I consider to be the farce of Trial by Jury , working men have to be tried for jwlitical bs , supposed to haTe an injurious tendency totbe classjmt of -whichthe Jonessrechoftea . And it not for taking notice of thia man , I timid tcown nothing ab » mt anothsr feature of the Jury i , which I shall now describe .
lion and the other two weie tried on Thursday tg , and found guilty on Friday morning . I met brkson , the solicitor employed by Mr . O'Connor i defence , in York Castle yard , and requested » get my trial 'brought on as soon as possible . This ssnUed to do , and quickly performed : I was npon ia &kont ten -minutes afterwards to the I Jury Iloom , and arraigned , and the first person oa my Jury was the same person challenged by the previous eTeaing . I of course Bent him to ' right about" also ; but the most curious part of Sir was that an officer was sent from some other ; to hurry this ejected one to take his plats on
er Jury , where they were short of one ^ " Well , " il" there esnt be many persons ten ; qualified 4 &i Jnrymtn , and if a High Sheriff was so « ed he might cause bis own tenants to compose inT in an cases . " So much for the Jury system . a are already aware that I also was found guilty , untenced to r ' x months * imprisonment in her rij * County Gaol , which of course meant York b ,- after which I was immediately handcuffed and » to the CasUe , and confined in the same yard -with aiter Chartist priKmna . 1 tlien wrote to my , informing her that I wag in my old quarters , and U remain there for six months , according to my
"tea the other prisoners had received their sena , I was " employed by them to writs to their si , acd had a sheet of paper nearly filled wi * Ji nasans from them what to write , and tile addresses heb Mends . I might hare remark that the whole be prisoners bore their inhuman sentences with forie , and some of them with cheerfulness . As they eau to be rumored to the sereral Houses of Corroc-. is fl » e county , where it was understood they ii . be prohibited from writing , and as it was not sa what minute they might be removed , ( as Peddie Bwoke were called out of the yard , and removed Jnatey without » moment ' s warning , ) I was hard ¦ ark taking * , their statements as &bo-re-msntioned e also requested me to see afta * their wires and
fi « when I got oat , which I promised fc © do . h Monday erening I purchased half a quire of ft , for the purpose of writing for them the si cay ; but the following morning , before ftek , I ' was aroused by Holberry , with h I slept , who told me that old George , i taakey , was shouting for me and others , Htrey us to some other prison . He enrsed bitterly for deprmng him and others of the plea-¦ tey should feel by leaTing me in a place where I jp » be of use to them , and declared li w&s like kid-^ sg . Just as Holberry ceased , the ntUing . of keys eaaced the turnkeys approach . I was ordered to m immediately with all speed , and such was the jbk that 1 was forced to leaTe my eeH with my riki across my ana , and proceed down the stone ax to a long passage , called the day-room . Peter i « j aid Cnbtree were there before me half-dressed ; almsn , for the first time , guessed my dssttoatJDB , Ho
i& ^ TFere sentenced toWakeBelU uae of Correction . iHeaas irehid got oar clothes on , we were Tjrought ] b tke debtors yard , irons placed on our legs and i ¦ & , and aftersrards fastened to an iron chain . Be thia fettering job was concluded , we were bat ialo t ' aa prison Tan as close aa we could be ^ ei A bit - of tread and cheese and some bout ¦ 3 tee ? was giran to us , and off we set When " had got about fire miles on our journey , sereral ! fi * men turned sick for want of air , and coniroensed ¦ 2 tg , the sUneh of which , united to want of air , a * me whole to feel as if they were in a ferei « g £ il . In this miserable situation we were hurried safe and arriTed at talf-pasi ten , at tha House of irae&m , Wakefield . Kb , Mr . Editor , brings me to the end of my paper ; » . vith toot p * = rmi * irirrp ^ j fcfmTi contizKifi ifly nax * BwiotTreek . I am yours , &c Qeobgb White .
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MZB OF WLLLIAM MARTIN TO GEOBGE WHITK House of Correction , Xorthallerton , Sept 13 th , 1840 . Dua ( Jeobge , —In complissce with ycur request , Pwetd to answer your esteemed letter . I am happy **• that you are inclined to advocate the cause ^ peance . F « r , I assure you , I had made up my aato act -with none but sober men , and to set my a sninst piliticsl meetings being held in either Bj *? s or pu"blic-bouies . I wosld prrfer stopping fe l » peB of agitation for the winter to thsS of en-5 n ^ sordid characters , who become Eadical ^ far ' ^ r motiT e but thit Of disposing crf Equid fires »• dsjeaaea tie mind aud debases the character of
I « ed not ten you that we arc the victim cf petty ^ » t o , being tchiEted by the spirit of reTerje ' , Wa the Judge to sslect us as Tictucs for what the ' "S **** pleased to term schoels cf rtforiratioiL I '"«»* for a postulate , fur I can produce ficci SL ^ Srst ttat l "wiU brLag ^ P the ^^ P- ^ ¦** wma It a genje of &nty ^ nnvgii ipgscV e .-y ZJ ™^ t ^ Te dlBgric&d the reign cf that m » aster of nEsj " , lima IL ) The Queen ' s co ^ nssl that tried r \ *?^ d jea to six months' isiprisomnsnt in tw > . iras ti * t sentence altered , and hard laboar &Sdd sn ^ stitateu by the Judge ? And here
v am rd £ ^ 4 a 3 e Preten ! is to farour prisen&rs of j *" i after tBTelxa montiiB' imprisonment ( one cf ^ 4 *** OO liged to spend upon the treadmill , ! to ^^^ 01 ^ nexi S ? months to aU the horrors { Z ? act " 6 ^ = 3 permitted to hear the sound of Si 7 * " ik * iWuld niy heart be so melted aa to grre , •«* paiif 3 of sorrow . But , like the hoiy mtn ^ aalead « f tt ^ t being the case , I rejoice to be y * " * J « tb 7 to saffrr for so good a cause . h £ * j * tae people are quite sick with the smoke of L * ""^ tioa , " for disy may expect as mcch from r * H * niii a man puts his hand into a tub of
S ^* ?** ** ° ^ i sgain : he bi 3 the dr . pn-np ; S fe ^ v ** * » l ^ as tae smtil of the Whigs * 5 « a ^ - Vi ) icil ^ V ^ * onl y are - ^ 'aared at ^ jkaie , in bis place in ths House , pleaded igco-1 ^ 5 ^ though it waa by an order from the * S »^ ' l W 2 J rem 0 Ted frcm the niilL He bj jiwi T h 7 Pocnt « to perfection ; it ia quite plain ( Mfcta Finality ^ not only left his mantle r fer ^ SproCaIIy l > y ^ Connanby and his colleague , L ^ J ^ w a double poraon « f his spirit ; bo that F ^ T ^ f tU ti ? * tkces a S ^ &iez scoundrA : ! than PPftoifw < bcfore he left baddy ' s ^ d , he k ^^ of as great a portion of tyraimy as Lord
J 52 * kips , hare nerer heard of tha kindness of fitotCT ™ ike inhabitacts of Donegal , at HasS 5 'e * iedBCed to tha awful extremity of * h *^~ Wh « Ja "ked for a stbscripticai thai ^ » ppropriated te the purchase of food for the * S ? 1 ^ " P ^ . that the Ooremmsait " ** ffo ^ ? * ny fand for SQch P ^^ oses . Yet ** W » " ° to losi two thousand pound * a few day * ^ fi B * Wees of KUdare ! ^ * ^ f mm that Din O'OonaeU dslighteth ** Wrt ttat I ^^ incurred a debt of gra-* 4 s * ? £ ^ d my Radical friends for your * j « asasiaz £ e ; and i am b ^ ppy to isform fc fcT ^ note . ^ o&I ^ L 4001 ? . » a ^ ¦ «« : * tteaa to
**« bo « C v ^^ cnucren , ir poasiwe ; Keep a W ^ "I * heari hs to ebeer the affiicted mother *«« & *!? ^ abfcE - *** n"t ihe Toicc of hunger be *« W = r U 1 € Jraas of a dwelling that is occupied »* S ^ a Euffmcg Chirtiit ' W njg T 'f * FUblie-housts , you wiD not only be Jiet ^ Z > ^ P t 0 do this , but you will be money * ° » ssb ± » f thae " a Cbazfc ** that finds it dif - ^* « wt «> . - | tfcE Pts-ticn of the insiduens Syren , ^ Sat ^ ™? «> l ! o wing plan , wMch is a Tery simple N * , » M ^~ . 8 aTe him isaay a pound , many a J eot ^^^ akehima good ChartiBt . When ^ soHrS ** ^ pint ' lfct Mm ^ carnally n * to & ^^ ^ bas « mu ^ more ; and wLl-u [^* »» f »^ t f lTlbli o-hcnse , instead of going in , let P ^ snfR - OJI t 0 the neareet well , or , whenerer i -uaicieai 1 raier i ^^ j 5 ^^ , ^ it ia ; he may
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as ^ -frttsaas Hr ? - - ^ " ^*^ If the Wh % »« 8 not band , they must see that tb * y mb baatea alreaayr it is hnpoa / blu for tttemltoirtop fte moTement , onlesi they send th « whole eoBntycf korktogaoiatonetiatt , which they eanaot do . lam , dear George , ' Your devoted Mend , Mr . Geor « White . IW , Wl ^ MA * - to , «««»*» lw » e , Mdihi 3 flik « a what he ta » dmfcii ^ »
?^ J *" " i ^? CharUst loT 8 your wife and dangh t « , and all friends . Au answer bj u , \ iaxa of posT ^ W . M
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THE VICTIMS . TO THE CHARTISTS OP GREAT BRITAIN . Mr . beloted Fbixnds , —I fcaTe waited sereral ¦» e « i 8 ( I wfll not Bay very patiently ) , in hopes that some one amongst you would hare called your attention to a ww ^ T ^ v 1 $ " ** " ^ daty . ^ iiich is , to the dis-Wbution of the fund for the reUef of our incarcerated brethren , their wives and their families . Yoa cannot be ignorant that , op to this time , the subscriptions ( and I am sorry to add that the amouat is so small u to become » scandal «<> tie Chartist body ) have been disposed-of ia ths most irregular , not to aay uartia ! manner . J **" »»< ,
There are , I belieTe , more than two hundred sufferers - * icUms , not to the justice but to the vengamte of the Government—who hare been deprived of their liberties for nt » bly stepping forward and performing their duties many of whom have wives and families either wholly destitute , or inmates of the ever accursed bastiles . And to how many of \ haae has tho sympathetic hand ot f ^^ Sf . , * ?* 1 Ottt ? V « y faw . indeed , if I am nshtly informed . The constituendes who hav * subsenbed have , in a degree , lost sight of the great bulk of our friends , and sent tluir money to the Star with directions to have it appropriated to the use of individuals whom they named ; and thus rendered what should have been general limited and partial
. The delegates , when assemblvd at Manchester took early c ^ jnizaace of thia error , and in theii discussion * on this subject , they stated their belief that , independent of the injustice or men a course , it waa equally impolitic , for many of the constituencies were so displeased with it that they refused to subscribe at alL To remedy this , it was unanimously resolved , on the 21 st of July , that a Committee be recommended to bo appointed , for the distribution of a fund to be raised for the relief of the imprisoned Chartists and their &mii 3 es and ttoee indiTiduala were appointed to form such Coasmittee , ana an auditing Committee was appointed to examine tbeir accounts .
On tba 3 rd of August the Committee was chosen , and their Secretary appointed . Their election has been duly notified in the Star ; but hitherto the former system , or rather no system , has been continued , and the monies sent for general purposes , as published in the Siar , is an insignificant fraction of the trifle sent in the whole . It would be an insult to your understandings to adduce a ma 3 S cf arguments in support of natural justice Let , then , the appeal be made to your consideration and feelings . " AU -srho are in prison are not stars of the first magnitude , but all are our brethren , and all havo been victimised ia our causa . Such , than , aa ia tho suffering , BUca Ve tlio relief . Let us furnish the Coinnritiee with what we are able for this just and righteous purpose without delay , and there can be no doubt bat they will perform thsir duty in the distribution .
It is with a feeling of reluctance that I advert to the Utter of our esteemed friend , Dr . M'Douail , on this subject , in last week ' s S . ' ar . Feeling warmly in behalf of our persecuted friends , he has warmly advocated their cause , and in that warmth he has proposed to establish a body for their relief . Being associated with him for many months in pursuit of one object , and witnessing his daily labours , no oco moTe highly appreciates his talents and patriotism than myself ; and I feel assured that it was his zeal for oar friends alone which hastily induced Mm to make that proposal , without intending to nullify the labours of the dolegates , by annulling a Committee duly sanctioned by them , or proposing auditors to displace those already appointed by that body . Such an intention I have no doubt he will , on consideration , utterly disclaim .
If two of that Committee refuse to act , the others know haw to remedy the same . Our friend Ltrech ia not one of that Committee , therefore has nothing to do with their proceedings ; and the Editor of the iS ' orikern Star is already appuinted tue Treasurer . T . B . Ssijlbt . Leicester , Sept . 14 th , 1 S 40 .
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UNIVERSAL SUFFRAGE . TO THE MIDDLE CLASSES . An intelligent raiddle-class man , having heard the foi ' owing' ( ieSnUion of Universal Suffrage , thinks it might remote prejudice from the minds of his ignorant brethren , and bas , tu « jrefore , requested me to forward it for publication in our patriotic paper . Universal Suffrage , with the Chartist limitations , would not give a vote to c-Tery body—it would probably embrace a more tstensive circle than Household Suffrage—but it would , at the same time , form more rightful and ¦ wholesome constUueiiCies ; and this is ths reason why it 13 opposed .
The Charter Su 3 rage would exclude all persons under the age of . twenty-oue—a vast number , including all the more thoaghtles 3 part of the population—it -would exclude all above ttre ; iiy-vic who had been convicted cf felony , or were notoriota drunkards , or who could neiiLer read nor write : thus providing , or holdicg forth . a premium for , a moral , sober , and intellectual ciasa of voters : it would al 3 o exclude all non-yearly residents 3 ad absentees , namely , vagrmts , and persons from Lome at thetiine of election ; though a question might be asked , whether sailers , and others necessarily absent , lai ^ iit not ba . allowed to vole by proxy . Lastly , it would exclude a ! l females , for this plain , reason , that the proper sphere of womaa is , or ought to be , in ker husband ' s lioins ; and , as they twain are presumed io bo one flesh , they should be of one mind , or , when they unfortunately differ in opinion , it is as well that thty hive not an opportunity of showing this publicly , for , in tha * case , the temptation might be too great to smotker their disagreement in a ballot-box .
Nofr , I will be bold to say , that the Whig Household Suffrage -would include many voters that the Chartist Universal Suffrage -wouM exclude . Nay , does not the present £ 10 constituency include many drunkards , and many -who can neither read nor ¦ write ? Why , then , do the Whigs carp at tbe Charter Suffrage ? Because they do not understand it , or , btcau * e it is too reasonable and . juit to please thtir phari 3 aical pride . Let them consider that , although Unirersal Suffrage would let in more voters , it wuiiid not turn cat those that are already in , nor , perhaps , would it du more tla . n enable Reformers to get those maiiurea passed ¦ wh ich they c " : I cow vainly strive for , namely , the repeal of the Corn Laws , 4 c . Tho middle classes havo a foolish dread thii tha lowast ciasa would rule all tho
rest ; but the opinions of the latter would coincide with , or be swaj ed by , thgir leaders ; auu -who aye they ? Are not such icea as Lovett and Collins at ouc ^ ijuarantcss and proifs of the fitnaa of the - sroriirg int _ n to possess the fraccliiKj ? Ara not Bucil men as du . serricg of the fracciise as the best men tint alrtad . v have it ? Nay , are they not as di-strv . ng of a seat in Psrliaineni as the b ; = st meu thsre ? Tile mi-Jdle classes do not deny the mixia that " luxatisn without representation is tjranni-:- " Why , ta-jn , do they Emotion such tyranny bv refusing to extend ths franchise to ail who yzj taxes ? Eren Blackstoue could say that an infusion of more poj . ulir principles into the Constitution was neci-ssarj- for its isaltb , if no : Us life , SUdaiyjfered by oligarchical dominatico .
Many beluEgirg to the middle classes hott say that they -rrould join us if only we -would agitate for the first point of the Charter , and leave Ihu othere out This ia a springe of their 3 to catch woa .. lc ~ ck $ . Ttcy knov ? tbfct if the working classei Lad tba franchise without the .-protection of the liailot tLer could influence a goo-i number of tlieir voters ; but , they say , thi'y chi-. fly object to the two points—The Payment of Members , and . Annml Parliaments ; and they rest their objections ou these grounds : — I ' liii—That , if ti : e p ^ plo had to piy tLeir Member , they would neglect sending one , or would prefer a candi-Jste who ofered to support himseX Ti'ja people supported theii Members cf Ihe Convpntion , and , should a candidate offer to bribe them bj saying he wouid go free of expense , La mi ^ ht be punished , iii ^ lit not a Member ' s rate be laid en rfich electoral district ~>
Second—They say , aonual elections would cause annual uproars , and would not give time fcr a goochoice . Now , it is well known tl . ai the oftaner an event take * plaoe the less sensation it OCOsIciiS- JL goad choice tmnng been ras 4 o fit first , there would be little fear that a change would soon be wanted ; and , if such a change wero requisite , the sooner it took place the bet ; er . The wisdom of oar ancestors provided annual elections , and " oftener , if need be . " A bad member could defy his constitnests one year only ; ~ bu . i notr they set
cau them at uefiance seven years . Annual P . « lia ments would cause business to be dose at least , seven times mow rapidly than it is done at present ; aud this would suit tbe 36 iuuway times . Govcnunent , instead of leading us , is our greatest dratrLack . It ia tbe duty of Government to " prepare the people for tus franchise ; but it prevents them , as much as it can , and rrfeses then it when they have prepared themtelvts . Surely the people of England , as a nation , cia do -what 0 ^ 0 man once did by himself . Croraw = ll turned the Members on t of . the House , loektd tha door , and put tiie key into ki ? pociet .
P . a . The clause respecting Payment of Members is rendered requisite by that of the No Proptrty Qoa'ititation . J . "W . Aielat . y , Septemba 14 , 1 S 40 .
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TO THE MlBjDiE CLASSES ^ " Ma * yOT , boyrtf&i . . 1 taleahaU »» l >^ 4 ?* fc » t « f ^ ^ v ^^ ^** w » l » i *• -tmadm ^ vifE ?^ * ****** * » *«* «* tart *!«* BKkedby them , y « obtained what yoqsought , and , afterward ., instead of oHaiaing iifor them , aayou had promised , you Attempted to prevent them obtaining it for the ^ wlv ^ Toar H&tm Gorenuaeirt DUSOd lOi « ew Pom Law to p ' . easa y » u , and instituted a P 0 Ue ? to « rforce its cruel exactions . Yon called on yonrXJovemment to repeal the Com Laws ; but you found them willing only to assist you in tyrannising ° iT ] poOT ' ^ y wou 1 ^ not s ° much as bear you on the Com Jaw question ; and $ 0 yon called on the people .. „
to bads you again . But the people had learnt the le » - »«» yo u taught them fertile matter of the flnachise . and uiey refused to wbb at yonr call , unlefis you would first get than » Toiee , when , and not before , they could efiectnally eb-operate with you . How is It that you would rather starve , and see them starve , than do them this right ? The franchise Is the test , the touchatone which they apply to you to prove if you are really the friends you say you are , and , like as if it touched you on a sore point , you shrink back with curses on them . Now , did you really reek tbeir interest and not your own , exclusive of theirs , or in opposition to theira , you weuld not bo so sensitive on thia p « int But you want all from them , and will get nothing for them .
Finding that you cannot dups the people as the aristocracy have duptd you , you giow vengeful aud comfort yourselves \ 7 ith tha idea , that the war , which is approaching , wOi rid you of the " riff-raff . " aa you are pleased to denominate the Chartists . But you will be disappointed if you think that the Chartist , claims will sufferinawar—they will be furthered by it , and are the only claims that wiil ba so . The Chartists are not riff-raffs—they comprise the mors intelligent and virtuous portion of the population , and , for proof of this , I confidently appeal to every tjvra which can beast of a ChartUt Association . A man must be something above a b « u * if he be sensible that he is a slaYo ; aud , if Lb wUh for freedom , he is on the high-road to citisensbip . Should a war commence , you middlo-claases will have to pay , aud bohio of our aristocrats will have to fight In ancient Rome , the working men were exempt from war-service .
The present Government has done more to defame the very name of Government than any Other Government that ever existed . It ia your Government , luiddlcclassea . ' and yet it Will sooner repeal thu Keform Bill than the Com harm . Lord John and Co . made the Reform Bill their , ladder of office , and , having obtained that , they would fain kick down the ladder . In proof of this , has not reform stood still , njiy retrograded , under their auspices ? and do not the Whigs now seek an alliance witli the Tories purposely to prevent the further progress of reform ? Lord John sincerely repents the part ho took in getting the Reform Bill od would
passed , » - not have undertaken it , had it not been a necessary s + eppiag-stoue into place—he considers the interests of the aristocracy to be endangered by it ; for he sets their interests in opposition to thoso of the people , and truly they are sa You middle claises never mistook your interests more , than when you sided with the aristocracy against the people . Cringe as you maj to the aristocracy , they cannot couipensats you for the Iosb of your best customers , the people . You "Will Share the fate of all waverew and perish between both partita You will be annihilated aa a class , and you deserve to be so . The working elasses can do betttr ¦ without you , than you without them .
The aristocracy made you believe that , by endeavouring to put down the Chartists , they were protecting you ; but they were only attempting to preserve theraseiTea , and you cave ba < i to pay for this , ia additional rates and taxes . The aristocracy do not respect you , though they use you : they would sooner favour thti people , whom they fear , than you , whom they despise . Rome rose with her republic and fell with it The aristocracy would have prevented her rise and they caused her falL Tiberius and Caligula , whose nauua are immortalised by the eternal execrations of mankind , began their reigns gloriously and might have ended them so , had they not been spoiled by the deifications of tho aristocracy , who alone outaid them in vice . Disgusted With the Bervile adulation of the senators , they rerenged human nature and their own pampered perversity by with
niurdering , the coolest insensibility , the wretches who had flittered them into fierceness ; but they spared and provided for the people . The devil is said to b « not so black as he is paiattd , and Idonbt not , that those demi-deities and demi-devils , the Roman Emperors , who were flattered whileliving , and blackened when dtad , by their aristocracy , were not half so monstrous as the latter hava represented them 5 for they wero beloved and revenged by tbe people . You middle classes , -who are for giving all to the aristocracy , should beware that they do not take alL If they are the breath of your costriLs , they have a right freely to dispose of your lives and properties . Yoa may fall before the poorer wliicli you Lave so abjectly raised up—yon may be sacrificed to tbe pride which you have fed with flatteries—it -will be a kind of moral retribution—a fie reward ; but the people will not suffer .
I have heard you middle classes exclaim most bitterly again * t the Chartists—yon would fain have them massacrtd like the Christians uitf . eT Nero , or tbe Protestants on St Bartholomews day , and why ? You cannot deny the justice of their claimsnay , you admit it ; but you are not prepared to concede them . You obdurately ptrsist in hardening your hearts in spite of the clearest convictions . Better not to have lived , than die with such a memory as you will leave behind . How long will yen halt betweenWo opinions ? I ou feel yourselves placed in a wrong position , nnd , instead of getting out of it ; instead of blaming yourselves , you curso the Chartists , who may well be proud of their position . They have chosen that better part which
you try in vain to take from them . They will bd fools if they yield one iota of their principles to your coTOrilice . They are in advance of you . You were once tbe most respectable and powerful class in the stats , and you still profess to be ths most religions ; but jou are now tha mob , if the true definition of a mob be idolaters of might without right Y < , u exclaim against the five points as though they were bo many pikes thrust into your vitals ; but cvn you point out one that would affect you injuriously ? Can you deny that one and all , if obtained to-n , orrow , would serve your true interests ? which are identified with tboie of tho working-classes . What a ruineus folly it is in you to think that your interests are indentiSed with those of tbe present aristocracy . '
The Charter will leaUzatbe good you sought for In tiie Hefcrm Bill , which l :-as proved a mere mockery to yoa—a shadow without snbstMce ^—a deaf nut that breaks the teeth of the crackers—the kernel has been eat-in out by the gvub-aristocrcy . Ah , ye miidlc classea ! open your eyes , open your ears . J . W . Aislabj-, Sept 17 th , 1840 .
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TO THE CHARTISTS OF GREAT BRITAIN . LETTER I . Brethjien , —Being one of those who believe the Bible to be " true and righteous altogether , " and also believing that Cliartjam bas ita roots deeply gronnded in ttat word , duty to God and man , called on mo to promulgate its holy principles among 3 t a population proverbial for ig-aoraace . As far as my means enabled me , I employed lecturers to disseminate its holy principles , and to teach tho men of this district their rights and duties . But their visits being " few ar . d far between "
, I determined to come out aad teach them 03 much as » : y limited abilities would allow mo . Being destitute of tho power of extempore speaking , I wrota discourses and delivered to the people . After having addressed theta on the " eflVcts of knowled ge and ignorance on the liberties and gentrai velfaroof mankind , " I thought is exptdient toad stress them on a subject on which avaut deal of prejudice has prevailed—1 allude to the Sabbath . I endeavoured to- " . iill two birds -with OBO atone "—to si ; ew the working man the lawfohaess *> f acquiring knowledge an that day—and to dispel aad
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^^ j » wwis ^ tt « llo « , I kflr » , ptfer ^ Ua M ? N » AiJit « 4 the teettao ^ ttJtt SLt ^ &S Bfted * tit * «* p »* i » * & * £ * SS 2 Ks W ^ "i !*»*« la the dissemination of otfe y awoiie uuauuon , which h « mTbhhi i » i « . M < k
of inf ^ ^*? ^ * W **> tod . not * r . the rest in * ? £ *• — ** ** rest ° * ***» "W *•; ' Knoww ^ f S !^ ihBWla « P * . b «« w ttrt . i *« iw 2 7 ^ 21 " ^ * " ¦ " * ****** fc ^^^ PW-SStton . lS wL ! ¦ * m * A *» " " kfck » . attwfat . " awl « ch SStaTS ?* at *?* fOT darin « telM * *«« tbeir sodal k 1 ? P 01 ^ " * « ° the Sa « N » th day . I wobW
^ .. ^ . iftS"J ^ Sil . thU neJ * *>« h ° od ** re the oal , •« nqr to find that jtbe prejudice , ( lor I « believVit nothing more > onthi , subject ha » inf . wea itself into tnLJ ^ V tbe Clwrtiste ' wlio profess to be the Totarieg of reason , and enemies or mpentitftn . The JSS 3 T £ h S ' ha ^ deel < led « S ? 3 t- « 2 J men ot Barnsley hav . followed In UwirTcwtsteps Other awociatioM . I » m glad to « y , iwpwnitogdn opposite eourse . Now , one of theae cowiw wiat be teS i if ^ formet ^ ¦ «^ S ? -- £ 55 SiSSS or the latter to givo up these meetings i woothiu will be of « advantage- to our cause wffi&JfgJKi f ^ ' ^" . ^^ " ^ ¦ . «• wrong fa averting to that day for th
use « advancement otimr hoiy ^ ia f ciulea , especially when they must be well » w » Vaat the working man is unflt , oftet foutteea «¦ Bixtewi hours of toil , to engage ialitenqr ,. or indeedaayotoer moralising pursuits . I appear before yottw tho adw * . ^ "LS ?' 111 **** ° Pmio ; destitute « f taleate , but nllod with zeal to seo truth triumphant over falsehood and error . All I ask is a fair staga , an impaittal heanBg , aad tho UHbiassed use of thbso reasoain powers which , no doubt , induced you to imbiba tbe sacred principles of Chartism . Precisely the same argumenU whicb Were' used for the people of b » v neiSUbourbood , I Bhall ttddreaato you * It will >» n » y objeei to shew yon when and why too Sabbath was instituted ; and how It fe'to ' be- moat profitably employed iu accordance with the wUl of Jehovah .
The meaning of the word Sabbath is an interaiaaion of pain of sorrow , or , more plainly , a time of rest . The first mention of tbo Sabbath in the Bible is- ia xb& 2 nd chapter v > r Qeueaia , which conimencea— " Thus the heavens and the earth were finishad , and all the host off them . ' And on the seventh day Gad ended bJs- work which he had made , and he rested on the seventh day from all the work which he had raoda And God blessed the seventh , day , and sanctified it , beeaiwe that in it he had rested from all his work which , he-1 ia& executed aud made . " The Sabbath , we thus parcels , was instituted directly alttr the world Was made—illLmediately the six days * work was dbno tha Sabbath began . This was , of course , when man was in hi * state of innoe « ncy . The Sabbath is not even named again till we come to the 20 th chapter ef Kxodu » ia which you will find tuo Moral Law , or Ten
Commandments , which were proclaimed from the top of Mount Swai , when God dessended from heaven upon it , tn uro , when tiw thunders tolled and the lightning * flashed , and a thick cloud was upon the mount , which quaked greatly . In tho 8 th verse of that chapter it fcays , *• Keiueuiber tho seventh day to keep it holy . Six days shalt tkou labour , and do all thou hast to do . Bat the seventh day is the Sabbath of the Lord thy God , in it thou shalt not do any -work , thou , nor thy sou , nut thy daughter , thy man-servant , nor thy maid-servant thy cattle , nor the stranger that is within thy gates . For in six days the Lord made heaven and earth , tli * sta , and all that in them is , and rested tbe seventh , day wherefore the Lord bleaaed th © seventh day , and hallowed it" After this second institution of tiie Sabbath , it is frequently mentioned through the -whote Bible , to most of which passages I shall have to direct your attention . ¦¦¦
....-We come now to enquire why the Sabbath was appointed ? This in an important question , which I would that 1 were more able than I am to do justice to . It is said by many eminent' physicians , and others well acquainted with the human frame , that were it not for a day of rest , thousands , nay millions , who labour would so ba worn out : with continual and unceasing wurtion , tha * their existence would be terminated many yeara before it now is . It was , no doubt , this cause which induced the Author and Giver of altdoodto create the world la six days , and rest on the seventh . Will any one be foolish enough to assert that the Omnipotent Jehovah required restwhen we r « ni
, of his speaking the world into existence ? ' Why , if W had pleased , he could as easily have made tha tedrld Jn one day—ono duy do I say ?—vrby , nye , in anllour—a miuute—yea , a moment , if he hatt pleased so to do . None can be so absurd as to suppose that He , who never " slumbers or sleeps , " conld require " reat " Such a supposition would be a libel on GodV omnipotence . Tuia division . of fcimo appears to nio to be entirely for the sake of man ; the Omniscient Creator saw that his cr ( uture—man , would reqdlro ono ' day out of seven , for rtst from l \ is labour ^—for collecting his mind—and for the directing him from the study of " nature up to nature's God . " '
"What did Adam , require rest for , " perhaps some will reply , " when he had no labour to perform V Not quite so fast , friends ; rtad the 15 th vewo v . f the 2 nd chapter of Genesis , and you -will find that the "Lord God took mau and put him into tho Garden of Edeu to dress and to keep it . " Thus sliowiag us ^ that , though Adam was " Lord , " he was not a lazy aristocrat , but a working man ; and'it was , undoubtedly , for lus rest that the Sabbath was appointed . If you turn to the chapter and versos In Exodus before quoted , you will iind that , after the commandment to rest from labour wa 3 given , tho reason why it
was given was with it It says— " For in six days ' the Lord made heaven and eavtii , Aia , and rested the seventh day j wherefore , tha Lord ble 3 sed the seventh day , and hallowed it . " Ti-cre ' a the reason : —Because God aaw fit , at the beginniug , it should be so , because ho saw it was for the benefit of man . Somo persona may think this ambiguous ; but to any acquainted with tha revealed character of God , tae cause hero aligned ia amply sufficient ; such an one knows that His mercy is over all His works—that He never grieved or afflicts the children of men , unless it bo absolutely necessary for their good ; and that in tho cxercisa of lovingkindness is hi 3 delight .
Siflicieut , i fnj , as is tii 9 reason liore assi ^ no'l . ttiw not been the will of God to kaV 6 US 8 o . Go to tue 5 ih chapter of Dauteronomy , where Moses , tho man of God , was reciting to the children of Israel , before ho closed his earthly career , the commands God had given them from Mount Sinai . Amongst others he repeated tbe 4 th commandment , and , after stating tho command not to work every seventh day , gives as a reason the -words , " That thy man-servant and thy inaid . surv . infc may roat as well as them . " ( Tiie 12 th verso of the 23 rd chapter of Exodua contains almost precisely the same sentiment ) Yes ! this was the merciful cairn why it was appointed -. —that all might rest—rich and poor— bond and free—and in order to enforce this merciful' - ' com .
mand , Mo 3 es further says , " Remember that thou wast a servant iu the land of Egypt , aad that the Lord » liy God brought thoe out thence with a mijjhty hand , and a stretched out arm ; therefore tlio Lord tLy God commanded theo to fetep the Sabbath-day . " This verso gives us another reason why they were to keep the Sabbath-day : —tliat they might reu : ember the " horrible pit" out of which God had delivered them , aud that , when meditating on their deliverance by God , and ascribing praiseo to Him for his bsnefits , they should remember their poor brethren' who might be " in tlieir Bervica ; and whilst viewing the mercy and love of God to them , tboy should ; earn from tuat to Itivu thuit brethren in return , and to soften tho woes of those who had no earthly helper .
If jou turn to the 12 th chapter of Si . Matthew , you will nnd'that . Our 'Saviour lias not neglected this important subject , Walking ' through some- com fields-one Sabbath-day , the disciple begun to pluck the ears of corn , and to eat , being hungry . * Tho hypocritical , fanatical , Pharisees , ever on tiio watch to accuse tha sou of God of iniquity , thought they had obtained their wish at last , and said to Jesua , '' Why do thy disciples trcak the Sabbath ? " Jesus immediately told them of ths show-bread that David : at illegally , and of tho Priests profaning the temple on tbe Sabbatii , and yet of 'both baing blameless ; and in conclusioa Jesus told them as St Mark has it , ?• That tho Sabbath ^ vaa made for man " L e ., for the benefit of man , " und not man for tho Sabbath . " Ti . us declaring , as I have before stated , that the Sabbath-day was appointed for tha good of man , und that when God commanded men not to work ; he did not prohibit them fram doing any thing wiiiclt was necessary to the well-being an J happiness of mankind .
I now proceed to shew you how the Sabbath may ba best employed ; and -when I eay- best , I moaa most in acoardauea wUk iLe -word aad will of God . Wehave seen that the Sabbath nieaua a Cay cf . rest from manual and other servile labour , and tbat au Omniscient God appointed it because he s ^ w man would require it , or in other werds , that it vroold conduce to his iuiprovement , mentally and physically . But if you turn to the 12 th chapter of : St . aiattfiew , you will find that Jesus saya , " It iB lawful to do good on the Sabbath-jay ; " and " he haa also shown that it tUe command ba literally , strictly , kept , it will be often injurious to the liumati race . Now it will be mine to shew you what it is lawful to do , and what is nnlawful on tliat day ; aud in this , as in all other matters , we must submit to the discroiiou of the word of God .
I remain , follow Chartists , Your faithful friend , Harleston , Ndcfolk , A BiBtE Cuaiitist . Sept . 20 , 1 S 40 . ( Tobt ceninucd . ) Lord Brougham is now at Cmhill , ia Kent . It is said that tbo state of his Lord ^ hip ' a health has Uaa given considerable unea 3 iness to his £ rinds . l
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llWUeinni be It said . ' « h «^ '" ' ' ' ' m SJer to ^ S ^ £ SK ^• ¦ VJfiWWWa . who « ;'* & ¦ unoer to thU rmpeft u rtow dt * oa <« ij « ttr thirt tt » <»»>» , My . Htggen ^ tw ^ mluiaiei ' iid partT ^ r-S JgWrt * <* th ^* e w 0 tta iwa the fcfct ' WOMte ' - ' | odd a jreat pUlar of tiie mii-CatUw « SS Sborjy hefow hi . deatt . Mr . *«** p ! o < Jg « d Sr w ^ to ^^ aa ^ i : ^ n , ^^ i jim . * gn the peUiloa «« 5 » nstti » CfomXaw * , to would stoj- hfe work * , aad * ' !« nU Trorkirs fall liberty ; to atta *} tbe first poii-• * ^ f « n « on 8 tr » Uon they thought proper . On Oie faltll ° Tw *« Promise , the workmen , a stafMe * band of tree Cfajuriisfar , « pplled for libferty to * tteW the dem > ati » Uoa on tae 21 st , and Mr . Hfjarabottota la
« n ^ P «« d hiraafelf the eyes of hi « woriften—Ia ¦* V ^!?? ^ ^ I ** * <* Olugow , bj yioW>lw ; P 2 ** 7 ?^ f to de <« a « l p-wtner , sad tlattten- iu « wtt& dismbsal an who . hould leare their Work ? oa tba » * iy . This infemous eoalitlon . howerer ; oa » t ! ie ^ J £ rt of njamuten , made p 0 sensible impression'on i the vigony with which tk » approaching demonstrati « i < - was prepa » sdl A depntedbn was sent to tbe Lor * Froyost , re ^ jestiug his ssraetion to have a pubUc pro-- * . cession and gmi ( r < mtdoorme « ttBj on the Green . His ' lordship (» Tory ) received them courteously , » ad at ont » granted ttwiMeqneat , Cttptafn Miller , city mar-Bhai , hand » onie » y oflfered bE » valnsbfo aervicea to to" i ^ l * 2 . d con * ot" *• ' P »«» 3 ion through the « t 7 , which offer was ttanfcftdly accepted .
On Saturday ewnihg final arrangements were made wui all appeared done to the-satttraction of every Individual connecte « l A ^ number of joiners tolunteered their services to ereefr the hnst&igs . Those hustingB , whacb are of the most' ButJ 8 U | Btial Oe » eript » n , and SSSi '^ ' ll fK fl ^ V *™*^ - P «*>™ . were constructed for the first CfcMtist BwnOfetratioa at the e ,. pense of thirty guinea * . They w ^ re made in such » manner , that a few active joiners eaa erect them in a pcple of hours . They remain in possession of tha cnartist Committee , readyfor all swsh occasions asihe present The Soiree Committee comoieneed their piep * rations on ] MondaymorniBg By oneo- ' clock . Everythinz seemed complete , and ' attMtion ira » Eext devoted to the treather , which gars evBty encouracement to
expect a good day . Friday and SotBrd » y : were btauUful , bat Sunday xnorning preaented ratter an ominoua appearance . Rain fell in tharaltenropo , and apprehensions we » e entertained for the morirow , Monday morn , ing wasU 3 heredinwith a hfi { h , wind and hetvy rain , aad ou * worst fews seemed fulfflbsd . As the morning advanced , however , sympto »» of a fevon » ble chang © took place , as it the very elementa Mrere deposed to Increaso tbe display in favow of just principle ? . At six o'clock the rain had ceasedy and the sky bad bocun to clear up . By this time above a dezSn bands of mu 3 ic were perambulating the city rousing the laggarts f rum their couches . About se * en o ' clock the sun bowfc
forth in splendonr , to the gwat ' delight of tho thousands , who intended taking part in the proceedings of tho day . At nine o ' clock , til * various trades aud districts began to assemble at their respective places of gathering . By $ en o ' clock , ^ general excitement was apparent throughout the whote city . The various bodies wero in progress from all parts of the districts and surrounding country during their way towards the Green . The shrill trumpet , and tbe deep tones of the drum were heard echoing through every street and lane . In overy street banners ' . protruded from the Window , or fixed to the chimney tope , flaunted in the morning breeze .
At nine o'clock , the Demonstration Committee , th * Control Committee for Scotland , the Executive Council of the Lanarkshire Universal Suffrage Association , and the Delegates from various parts of Scotland , assembled in the Universal Suffrage Hall , College Open . Mr » Moir was appointed to the chair . The minutes of tha last meeting of the Demonstration Committee having been read , some necessary preliminary arrangements were gon « into for keeping . c * de * throughout the Una of pTOoesslon , &C . Everything being settled , the various Committees and the Scottish Delegates tben set out . for tha Green , headed by their baud , ami took up their station at the head of the procession , vrbic ' a was now rapidly forming . About eleven o'clock , the different bodies headed by bands of anisic , entered the Green .
This was truly an animating and interesting . spectacle ; and judging from the enthusiastic appearances , to awaken lively ernoHoss ' ia the breasts of the our lookers . Amongst the fiwt that entered the Green was the Gorbals District , comprising the Demonstratioa and Universal Suffrage * Cbnlmltteea' of that influential locality—the workers in several of th © large factories— weaver )}—^ tobacco spinners—moulder —nia 3 on?—mechanics—and other inhabitants , . forailng a most imposing spectacle tike tho * other ttadva and ' disuicts , they were headed by a splendid band of music , and bad seven or eight beautiful banners : —one a blue Bilk flag , -with the . -words— " Radicals of Gorbals . "—
" Taxation without Representation is injustice . " Oil this flog tlio tlii&tle , shamrook , and rose , -was appropriately surmounted by the cap *> f liberty . On another belonging to the tobacconists was a fine portrait of Sir Walter Raleigh , and the words " Unite and be Free , ' * " Let Glasgow Flourish ; " On a painted square carried on the top of a pole by the same body , the words "Ah hour of , virtuous liberty la worth an age of bondage . " Two other fino banners belonging to tha moulders bad the words " Universal Suffrage , Vote byBaUot . and Annual Parliaments . " . One bore a portrait of the patriot Thomas Muir , of Hunter ' s Hill , with the words : —
" Illustrious martyr in the glorious cause . Of truth , of freedom , and of equal lawa . " - Tha inhabitants of East GaUowgate , Tolcross , Shettieston , and Pjrkhead , made a very good appearance On a dmk coloured banner -which headed thisjtody wer » the words , " The People's Charter iu Defiance of Dun .-geons . " Another neat littlo coloured flog followed , inscription , u Tho Chaiter , it is my right : deny it not" At tke head another . detachment of men connected with this quarter , wearing beautiful sashes , -was a splendid now banner , with portraits of M'Douail , and Collins , and Mr . James Moir , introducing them to the people , saying " Hailyour Patriots ; " on the reverse a portrait of Feargus O'Connor , motto " Universal Suffrage' and no Suirender , " " Peace , Law , Order . " On another
fine flag was tho words " Civif Liberty , tho Natural and Divine Right of Man . " On a white silk flag from Tol . cross , " Peaceand Good Will to all Mankind . " The Bridgton Districts , like the Gorbal 3 , consisted of a truly imposing body of men . A bine banner at their head , inscription , ¦ " The Churter will repeal the Corn . Laws , " "Persecution may purify , but cannot tfC 3 tToy the golden principles of Chartism . " Ancrtfcer tod the . werds , "A faction maybe rebels , the people never . ' * This dfotricVbaa also the portrait of Jobn Frost , which ¦ was presented to the leaders cf tho Northern Star , framed and surrounded by a wreath of roses . The Aadeiston District comprised workers in factor 563 ,
mechanics , and other inhabitants . They had a number of fine banners -with eeveral appropriato niottos , and made a formidable appearance . One flag bora tua words , — Universal Sufi ' rage aud no surrender . " The Nortll West District made a capital turn-out . Their banners had mostiy luoVtos of , a physical cliurnctor One blue fl . fg with a skull and cross-bones on one side ; on tho reverse a bloody heart , transfixed with a dagger , and the words , " Oh ! tyrants , will you force us to this ? " « ' Scotland free , or a desert" A black flag , and the Words , " It is our will , and we shall fcsfre ^ . " On a banner from the North Quarter -was an inscription commencing— . - . '
" Sfc . Bollox hath sworn that the groans of the slave No longer shall howl through tlieland of the brave . " Tbe whole of ' the other districts turned out in a most cheering mani-er . All had music anil banners . Amongst the trades , the operative masons , a line body , and strong muscular looking men , with white aprons , ' made a fine appearance—as also the smiths , ti : OSllO i : iDaker 3 the cabinetmakers , &c . It is out o ! oat power to particularise , or do the whole that justice which their appearance , zeal , and tuthnsiasm entitle them to . Tue following random notes of bodies and banners must be taken as an epitome of the whole : —There was not less than 90 or 100 banners-20 or 30 bands of ausio--aad hosts of determined CLarfcists to foilow and supporS
them .. The cabinetmakers , upholsterers ,: and curvers and gliders—a fine , body of - well-dressed inen—had a nUiiiBei ; ; of eicelleat flivga , with various niottos , also different implements and insignia of their trarle . The shoeiBak ' era had a fine ' pink banner , whichbad evidently been . used at the Rtfonn Bill agititlon jftriod . It bad a portrait , with the wotds— " Rcforta—and it pleated the King and the Peopla" : Also another white banner , with a dagger and a keirt , and the ; roseV ' . tbuj | le , aad shamrock entwined . The old Crispin flag was ' also in use . A great number bore the inscription—/• ' Universal Suffrage , and no Siineader . " The plasterers liad a . Unioo ^ ack , acd a fcquare of pointed cloth , with the inscription , — -
¦ •*¦ •" -. * 'Xetthe millions who labonr • ¦ '¦ ' ¦• ¦ ' •¦ ' tJnite heart and hand , "'¦; ¦ - -- ¦ ' And the ' . Charter wiirBbon ' Bo tbe law of the land . - Lot lore , truth , ftftd ' unltjr' ' SUUbeour aim ; 1 ¦ ;; ; And a fig for all those ¦ ' ' ¦ '"' Who don't wish us thi « ame . ^ > ' ' ; A blue banner , containing the plasterers' anna , followed tha tailors , -who carried a cream-coloured flag and their ' arras , with the motto , " Universal Suffrage , Aanual Parliamenta , and Voto by Ballot . " On another , Libtrty is the-birthright of Britoaa— " We join to protect . " Another with the words , " Lovett , Collins , and
M- Douall , the unocmpromising friends of tte : people . " . ; Tiie tailors had also a beautiful bao > ntr with thtir arms . Amongst otiior motto * and devices , the smiths carried an anvil and hammer ,. ' : with the words , ' . *? the humble sonith . with all his pith > for liberty . " , On alaigehaainiw , . " dowm-with tyrante : high . and low , boldly striko the forward Wowi *^ : ; 4 . ; j ] exuall flag made « f tba handkerchief wnich poor old-James WUsun dropped ^ as tkesigDal forhia exeeatioa ^ whicli vraa finug « d witb a bl «« k bgrdeV , wWk bod tat words , Mi he ^ i fin ^ t ^ f ^ a *^ i ^ as !^« ttn « ted naot * attenticn . On a large blue flag , belonging to tb « mechanics and Biuitbs , were tbe words , " success t » stoam navigation . " ' ^ V
^Ristiwa Gutttfipotiuxut. -,:;, : . Wtisfw Conrt0pobftieiwe. - '.
^ ristiwa Gutttfipotiuxut . -,: ; , : . WtiSfW Conrt 0 pOBftieiWe . - ' .
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THE CONDITION OF ENGLAND . England may be likened to a coach , the working Ken are tha horsts . ^ the xaonicd men are the passengers , and Government is the driver . The horses may bava be-rn rendered unlit by previous hard labour and 111-ki-eping , not only to ^ oik , but tven to graze—they may bo only fie to lie down nnd die ; yet , however weak , crippled , and aged th ^ y may bo , tbij-are yoked witucmt the least regard to their disabled condition , although they way neither bave rested nor fed since tlieir list hard tssl :. Though scarcely able to crawl , they must gallop many miserable miles—their stiff aud aching Binew 3 strained afresh , and every hard-wraug nerve tortured by violent exartion and ruthless lash of a doub ! e-vrhi pi > t * i driver . The passengers enjoy their
nde , and laugh at tha poor comiition of the cattle : tlicy excite the brutal drive * by callous jokes . Up and down , along a stony road , hobbling and panting , the poor creatures are goaded on by fear and pain , as though the pa-ssengeM were on business that required sue ' j cruel speed , when , it is well kne-srn , that many of ihcin are tiavelling tt . ua for pleasure . If any one were to pity the poo ? beaets he Tvould be laughed at : were he to oppose thoir being used so barbarously , tho whip vrould prjbabiy be applied to him . The horses are ilcciie and mr . till they drop down—they pull to the List—truly thtir docility is ill-rcqaited . Were they to rebel
they could not be more severely dealt -with . What to them is the ( Tiding on tbe coach which they are tins compelled to drag . Their fine trappings do bat K * ll tlieir sores ? lb- ir battered hoofs cut each other . Thoso who cause their labour and pain , alone profit by it , and yet tho Hocylinmns are better animals and more worthy of supreiaacy than their vile alusers ant ! oppressors . "When they can uo ionger "work thuy are given over to the Poor Law Knackers who contrive to e-r . d them speedily , and then they are directed . Can these things be ? aud shall they continue ? Yes , so k-rg as men tempt oppression by yielding so readily to it
Byse-minded , dull , and fit to carry burthens . — Otxcay J . W .
THE SABBATH , Baing an inquiry into the causo of tbe appointment of a seventh day of rest , and into the manner in which it will be most profiiabry employed in accordance wita the Woid . cf Gol
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; f COIXIKS , M' 1 K ) UAIA , AMB t ^ THITB , ifa . time so aaxioasly expe <* ed by the people ot Scot , had , bMx * I «» 8 tb » mved j * b < 1 the liberated , vieilms rf »< fc * 6 ttd *? ° Tarnm « Bt haveiooiameaeed their trianjplm * wtogKtn \ hx *>? & tot toa ^ of the mountain and ; flofl& laevefy towi ! aiii bATflleVthroughoiit Scotland , . the jBosteier tfona Lave * been made for the last six Hneft * fe-preps « Br » receplio ^» M * l « r of-the . patriots . i It wa »» fttet to Important to , ti » overlooked ^ tbat ] tte fatim pmpeets ttCbattism in a gr ^ t wejwure depen ^ I adnpoatte aoeeeta of ihe Dtomonstrati ^ P to be held in I lonoor ofXcnrqU . CoIUm , * ad M'I > ouaU . All classea I ai » intans * ij excited «» on tbe mbjecW the tVliigs in I thvftttdboi « of it beluga failaro—and the Chartists
la q * eonfid « tt expeetattou of tbe moat triumphant amema . The wU-Corn l « w party , to their sbaniefw it saiai . although it is perfectly characteristic of thow hollowbearted ^ lantbropfcto , made « rery exertion to thwart the endetmrs of tbirpeople by any little aelfannoyacw and opposition wh ** they could offer . Aad \ r « can state , on credible aaUMrity . tbnt they entertained tbe hope , thaft provieMI those demonstration wenfailua ^ they might agat » * oot o « t tbeir hona , and eommeaee their attempts t » draw tb » people into their mock 3 hil » nthrope agitatiw for cheap bread , to the neglect of' the greatt ob | ect » •* all . How far their expeetatioiui b * ve been Uiwarte * . we shall leave our readers to judge , when tpebayv * ta 41 ed the reception given to Collia » -and M'SooaU ala »» their arrival in Scotland .
DEMOtTSTOATlOIf I « O » BEGK » CK . Friday , the 18 th . instant , m » the «» y fixed by tbe Central Committee for Seotlaad ,. on which CoUins mj M'Douail should breaK- ground : ia their aew agitatioa through Scotland . The Chartist C 6 mmltt 9 * in Greenock bad tbeir arrangements made , in a moaner the most satisfactory and complete . O * i Friday iswning , an unusual stir was observable oa the streets even at aa early boar . It waa generally understood tbat all business -would be at a BtoRd throughout the- day , and early in the morning every one vn& hastening to finish whatever urgent business- they- had ; to . perform , that they might join without restraint ia the
proceed-About ten o ' clock the Renton band landed at the quay , and was met by several individual * of tbe Committee . They Iraiuediatelsprooeededmjto £ » . Aodrowv Square . Herd thd workmen employed in Caird und Civ ' s foundry bad assembled , formiaj an imposing bedy seven hundred strong , .-with a-variety of banners . The band and tbe Committee having , piaeed themselves at the bead of the assembled ; operatives , amidst three loud- and prolonged cheerg ,. the whole set forth on a tour through the principal streota tad the outskirts , where the operatives were p * ln < rip » lly employed . Every workshop and building-sard poured out an aceesalin of strength a » the procesaioa passed . Oa passing Scotfc and Sinclair ' a , the workmen seemed undetermined- whether to join tfceU fellow-operatives , in . opposition ^ to the interdict of the masteraj , or whether they should remain at their work . Tlie proscsaion paused
and gave three groans . Several nobla spirit * in the yard could not resist this , ana made their escape out at the gate . Perceiving it useless to-resist fiather , the gates were opened , and a number more of tese fellowa juicod their brother Chartists in the- processioa , which taen proceeded on its way , growing larger- and larger at every atop . As they proceeded , a body of honest tars , who-were waiting with an ensign , and a . Union J * ck rigged out on poles , fell into the line , ' which now presented a most imposing appearanee . After having in this manner traversed , fee whole town , and gleaning in its progress every friend to liberty , the procession proceeded to the quay , to be ready to receive Collins and M'Douail . Tha wholo space- in front of the Custom House , and far along the q , uay , was densely crowded by the expectant thousands . The greatest feauuony prevailed , and for once the weather smiled propitious on tbe good peopla of Gtreeuock .
The timo had now arrived when the * Liverpool steamer was expected , ' and every eye -waa gazing down tka mer ia anxious expectation . At last the Actceon swept slowly round tho point , and taking a wide sweep , as if to contemplate the unusual spectacle , shaped ber course towards the crowded quay . The surprise was great on board the Adoon , to behold 11 : © quay crowded with people , with banners flying , the tlirilllng music , and loud shouts of tho , assembled thousands travelling across the water to tha ears of the astonished passengers . "What could bo tiie matter ?"—every one asked of another . "It is a meeting of Chartistfl , "saitl a quiet , unobtrusive , middle-aged gentleman . " Impossible . " exclaimed the puzaied gazers— " Uie Chartiata eould never make such
a display , besides , what can they be doing there ? " "To receive vsomo of tbtir friends lately liberated from the English prisons , * remarked the same individual . " Who can they be , " was the next inquiry , " -will it be Collins and Lovett ? " " Lovett I believo is unwell , and will not bo hero , " said the person who had already answered their interrogations . " But John Collins , I understobd , Is on board . " On this overy maa began to cast EUapicioua and Inquiring glances at his neighbours , till a quantity of luggage , marked " John Collins , " was discovered to belong to the gentlemaja already spoken of . This revealed our worthy friend John . He waa immediately surrounded with a circle of passengers ^ all eager to get ajook at the ^ man who had suffered so much for ' advocating the cause of liberty .
By this time the vessel , was alongside the quay , and Mr . Hillhouso proceeded on board to greet the patriots on their arrival to ScotLind ; but to Ida disappointment Mr . and Mrs . Collius alono were there ; Dr . M'Douall having been delayed by some unknown cause . The party immediately proceeded to land , and no soo ' ner wore , they recognized than shouts arose from twelve thousand throats , till " Clutha trembled ' ncath her bauks . " Again and again it was repeated , till tiio . very ears were sore . With inucli difficulty alaue waa at last . made through tha living masa , and' Mr .. Collins was conducted to the steps in front of the Cust ' ora House .. Here the cheering was again renewed , as ho took up his station in viow of the whole meeting , lire yet the cheering had subsided , Messrs , Moir and Cullen landed from a Glasgow steamer ; this called forth a renewal of
the cheering . Silence being at last restored , Mr . HUlhouso introduced Mr . Collins to the meeting , and intimated the absenco of Dr . M'Doual ) . This disappointment , although the subject of nuicli regret , by no aieaus abated tlio excitement of the moment . Mr . Collins . lien shortly addressed the meeting , as did also Mr . Moir , after which tbo procession again formed into line , and proceeding through various streets at last concentrated itself in Cathcart-square . Here Mr . HallU day was appointed to preside . Mr . Moir presented an addvca 3 from tlia Central" Committee , ' welcoming Mr . Collins to Scotljuid . Mr . Collins replied , and 8 p » ku Rt great length to the manifest delight of the meetiag . TIjo proceedings ia Csthcart-squave . terminated about two o ' clock , when tli $ meeting separated in the greatest good order .
A splendid dimier was laid out in the Buck ' aHead Hotol , to which one hundred gentlemen , all true and ardent friends to thecause , sat down at half-past three , P . M . After the withdrawal of the cloth , many true democratic toasts wero proposed , and Mr . Collina was aguin brought to hia legs to addre 38 tlio meeting . About eight o ' clock'the- party adjourned to another public meeting in the Hall of the Buck ' s Head . Owing to the charge for admittance being rather high , and it being also the uight just befdro the " big pay , " the meeting was not bo crowded as it might have been expected . However , the proceedings wcut off in tho most pleasing and satisfactory manner . Mr . Collins , with , an untiring energy , and a fund -vrMcli scenvd . tXttaUSUC 8 S , addreased the people of Groenock for tbo fourth time tbat ^ ar . Soon after ten the meeting dispersed , thus closing the proosedinga of ' a day whicli which , will lung beiemembDrcfVltt tho annals of Greenock—a day which surpas 3 id evorjtbing the inhabitants of Greenock evur witnessed .
Mr . and Mr 3 . Collin 3 , accompanied by several friends from Greeitcck , proceeded next cby to Dumbavton , to attend tha
DEMONSTRATION' IN THE VALE OE LEV £ N . This waa no-wise behind the Greenock one ia point of enthusiasm . Levon is perhaps the most spirited district in Scotland , and-well did the inhabitants of that romantic valley maintain their character as Chartuts . A supper took place in the evening . ¦ Q ' TtEAT DEMONSTRATION JF GLASGOW . There is perhaps no town tlu-ougliout ( the cpantry in whichthe tufferings of the Cliartist patriots , has excited so much interest as ia Glasgow . Vfe qaestipn mnch il the feelings of the peopla were . rpjised to greater esciterhentcven in those places froni whence" they were snatched to SU the iniquisitorial dungeons of the WbJg Government . TheuniveraaUy , expre ^ ssd deteviuinatiou to do them suitable honour on their lifceiatton . froui
pri' aort , corresponded to the feeling of gratitude , and attachment , their labours and their sufferings hadexoited intho breast of the . peopleofGla ? gaw . . They resolved tobeamon ^ st"the first who ahonldhatt CoUins and Lovett n their liberation , and accordingly a del . sgate was appointed to represent QHasgow . at the late Birmingham demonstration . Bat besides beiag deputed to express the fceiings of the' popple of Glasgow , their delegate had another important mUsion to . perform—rnamely , to Invite Collins and Lovett to Glasgow , at then : earliest convenience . It was impossible ; thea to fix the exact titno when such visit should take pJaco , but imaiedlatejy on tho return of the delegate with the answer that Mr . Collins would respond with pleasure to tho . invitation of his friends in Glasgow , and that Mr . Lovett would come also if his health pennitted , the spirit of
preparatioii went abroad—measures > were at once , taken to ensure ths patriots a cordial reception , that their lacerated spirits might be soothed by the . exhibition of tho sympathy which their BuiftriDgs ,. ba , d , excited , and by seeing the steadiness with v . bich tlio men of Glasgow adhered . to" the ; cause : of Chartism . ^ Deputations were sent to everj' district aud trade ia and around the city , to arouse to tiie utmost cxten ; the glowing spirit of the people . Dalegato meetinss were then called , and tbe response was of the most flattering nature . It now became evident that the spirit . of , Glasgow was up .. ; As the 21 st approached , tbe activity of the preparattons increased . Alltbe wliile , howeTtr , the enemy wa « busy to , ttwart tbe proceedings . Our Com Law repealing master manufacturer , set a veto upon their workmen attending the demcaatration , while , to their honour as
Untitled Article
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), Sept. 26, 1840, page 7, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse2.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/king-y1kbzq92ze2703/page/7/
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