On this page
- Departments (1)
-
Text (13)
-
Untitled Article
-
Untitled Article
-
Untitled Article
-
Untitled Article
-
Untitled Article
-
Untitled Article
-
Untitled Article
-
Untitled Article
-
Untitled Article
-
_ ^rt gwi C*rr<TSp$mieittc.
-
Untitled Article
-
Untitled Article
-
Untitled Article
Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
-
-
Transcript
-
Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
Additionally, when viewing full transcripts, extracted text may not be in the same order as the original document.
Untitled Article
JfiLfsB ' pf "iii 'fcAsiwioM wea-YERS' BEPbRT ( IATOaSHXEE ) . ' liiTBZ JJ . ' j » niyImI I « m £ k » aVBfmga irsfrmnnfr of wage * ia gltsvu of Mtnrhfittor , Salted , Boltoo , * od Boeb * . 5 k 'I shaflnow proceed tolaj before yo » similar SSimiH of Wigta , BUckioi ^ Pmtoo . Ashtan , JXfcsia , tau Afterwards I . shall Mvifjr the alleged J ^ e , of tibb depressed dmdlUon of Uie weavenTand ^ ismediee suggsatei ; bythg Tiliiiiiiii . ii tTMnt ^ vy AjUgpcidf * , pf A « Mnt < feBHiWantt . ' ii * ^^ - —r-r ^ rrr ^^ r ^^^^
^ te « rtl »^« tM « B » fcUta » hrtmt of a rsrat of g ^ BdJo cmvnTa ^ flC . 19 icu . Mgned to Thomas ag ^ sa , Secretary and IlokerfcJRflgei * , Chairman < rf gjCaBaBttto ^ Md o ^ aiBttdJiy - ife ^ Bpioyea . lt - ~» n there are fifty-atupevers , vjttMe frames eoagtfSSO persons , »* 9 &M weekly tMni ^ g ^ tog * . ^ with the ettningp of tbeix . £ s ^ at 7 * Ten «» jilji , aflowing , aftaall deductions i » rat , taxi fe&soe p , eaadks , te ,. aaav « cafe income for food « ad 4 i 6 iiBg a-head , dally , tbe paltry wan of xwopxac * j ^ iKMKi M ! The -work at whiefa the Wigan yMia in employed , i » laborious and hero check * , gaga , ginghams , broad cloths , and twffla . . ' Kackiwrn tbe
^ inrTBy give * following averages of t pBSj . « gtt weavers , whose fianffiea , eowiiting of 15 $ j ^ m , and whose average weto earnings , together Va » tbe earnings of their famffias , amount to 7 a . Id . j ^ toj , * & « * U deduction * , * ueh as real , tezeL ab * . fsel , ¦ oa P » eandks , fcc ., the pitifal kb gf «* -B ^ arw / ariAtnfB , and a fraction , ^ srAaol ^ w tf ^ J ^ ateea hours * teal In ^""*»^ ring jwn into ¦ Octet ' . -.. B » Preston Committee put in the foOoinng arenas rfa ine weaveo * earnings , whose families consisted of gjHT ^ dne persons , eleven only of whom were workers ; grff united wages average 7 s . S ^ d . After the mail g ^ fc ^ Saoa ver emade , there remained me pootf Ome frt&yt aad a / radio * per head per day , for food ami
Jb Asnton-under-Lyne , 488 families were visited , toi Tffi'Hng of 1955 persons ; oat of thi * number only SIS -were employed , earning a total weekly average of £ llfl 3 s . 3 d . ; averaging 4 s . ll ^ d . pet week to each frmfly . From a statement made by Mean . Mills and Oik , manHlacturen ef Ash ton , i | appear * that the jmage-weekly wages , if fully employed , for weaving eatoored ehambrays and ginghams are 6 a . ltd . Me Samuel Hlbbert , is the same town , states , that the wavers , at bis lowest work , would sot clear mote Bon 4 s . 6 d- per week . The imitation shawl makers signt earn 12 s . per week on an average , from which vast be deducted threepence in thesliilling for expanses , Thick would reduce then to 9 s . per week .
Astfee Commissioners of inquiry have studiously tvatfed Oldbam in the course of inquiry , I may , per . baps , be allowed to depart , for a few moment , ^ cuote the result of a survey made at the '"« Hgnt 1 m of JohnRelden , Esq ., JLP-, in January , 1833 . Thir ty-Boee townships are included in toll surrey , and it ¦ Bri be obserred , that they are townships where handbom wearing is carried on to a great extent , aad wtee the weaTer is worse paid than any other parts cf England . The report is copied from CobbeWs Setter . March 23 , 1833 , page 726 , and contrasted with the report got up by the Commissioners , it seres to" « bow their reia&Te values .
B » e popal » fi <« © f ihe thirty-ttnee townships emu seated in the table was , by the r * mn ^ of 1 & 31 9 QS . S 49 . The fiunOies tMted are 8 , 362 . The persons b these femffies , 49 , S 94 , bdng nearly one-fonrth of the ^ tok . The number of workers is 23 , 947 . The total weekly wages which the families earn 1 « ^ £ 4 , 447 18 a . Tkii sou win jire for each of those -who work a weekly avenge of 3 s . sfd ., and for each of the whole number of persons -risited , a weekly ' areage <* < m * mif > aad mupem , fac * lgkts tf s foam . The rent paid by these families ialtedisperanninn £ si , 693 17 a . Sd . ThissomgiTes m » T « sge of 3 d . per week far each individual of the bmilies -risited . Fuel , light , and wear of implements will be an average for each individual of at least 3 R i-week ; and this , with the aTerage rent of 3 d . being deducted from Is . &W-, the aTerage income of each insrrUoal leaves for food aad elothiag , for each indi-Tidwl , a-weejt , vm sfttSn ^ aad fknepemu halfpenny .
The whole parish relief received by the families Tisited is £ 139 7 s ., or , for each , five-eighths of a penny ( ta&re the New Poor Law was enacted , mind ) , and the image income of each for * day , for food and doffing , from wages and relief , u twopeice pab-IHTH 6 . This report was made seven yBars ago . Snoe that period the wages of hand-loom weavers have suffered , tan one cause ox other , a redusian of one-fourth . The townships surveyed , with their population , are at follow : — Oldham fttftyMigfr < Tw | dn * l ~ g Eoyton , Ckidderton , and Crompton ) 50 , 132 Wardleworth 9 , 360 Middieton 6 , 903 ssa } - » - «• ; ss
Todmorden and "Wal » den ... ... 6 , 054 Waerdale and Wardle 6 , 754 Matsden 4 ) 718 l » ngMd 2 > 500 Stansfield g ^ n Baekinworth and Calderbreok 4 , 221 BrJercBffe ant EntwirUe- 1 , 755 Harwich 3 552 -Aa ^ ertoa 895 H «* t « 714
« dih « n 3 > 529 Bbekbarn „ . ... ... 27 , 091 Mellon ... „ . ... 2 , 071 BamBgrave 515 ysSsworth ... ... 3 , 762 Sanowfori ... ... ... ... 2 , P 83 J *^** ~ 2 , 851 Cadger ... ! 59 g WaHendea ^ i BaCT P I Sew ft-M 3 Ttmsdead and Wolfeaden ( Church . 9 jl 96
71 Deadwia dough / I Higher Booths ... 4 , 347 I Csape Lench » , 4 c 1 , 519 * © ddleston ... , , „ 2 , 800 Lower Booth * „ . 2 , 178 Hi ^ deB ^ . 7 , 776 , . 203 , 349 Popuu&on of the County of T -wrMtftT . in 1 — - ~ 1 , 536 , 854 The aboTe sarrey extended over ose-sizth of the POf * taJion of the whole of this . great manufacturing BHiy , and , with the exception ef Bocbdale and « a * urn , has been almost totally neglected , at least wegarbled nature of the reports exhibits a Tery imjBBeet storey of the rest . In order to show the
proposiTe diminution of the mu-ningm of the wearers of « & »« , I wfll quote u follow * : —The first column ftaetmg the year , the second , gross earnings per ¦«* : for ten hours and a half a day , the tnird column , 8 * net income of the weaver for food and clothing : — Tear s . d . s . d . 1 S 14 13 9 10 li 3 S 15 31 9 8 5 | 1816 9 0 6 21 ^ 1 ? 6 6 4 1 } 1818 8 9 6 Oi 1 S 19 10 0 71 " 1820 9 0 6 3 i
1 S 21 8 6 5 lol 1822 9 0 6 3 J 1 £ 23 9 6 6 9 1824 9 6 6 §} 1825 8 9 6 2 1826 6 6 4 41 1827 6 6 4 ? I 1828 7 0 4 9 1 S 29 6 0 S Hi 1830 5 0 3 11 1831 5 0 3 0 * 1 & 33 4 6 2 8 } 1833 4 6 2 9
Mr . Mnggeridge ^ report Bhows * also that 402 woollen " ten uf Mirfield in the West Biding dear 5 s . 6 id . 1 » Week for twelve months ; their families consisted l * & 5 persona , and fiieir united «« . Tnt"g ^ twopence Xtoi * i ) per dag to feed > and clothe each indinooaL B » Ulverston survey states 7 s , 2 d . to be the clear •*•**! e wages of the cotton freaver . Ibe Longtown survey Is . Sid . to 4 & 6 d . per loom Jwweek . ^ oe Wlgtou ( Cumberland ) survey states that the Vim average -weekly -rages to be 5 S , lOJd . jzt * Coekemouth aTerage was for the check and gajm weaving 7 * . 5 £ d . wtekly when fuDy
em-J ^ Geiisle great pains has been taken both by the Z- ***™ " » d the employers to furnish the Conimis-^¦ f wLth correct statements . Mesra . J . R . and J . ^ Sttjoa produced a statement ef the gross earnings of t ~ i £ f therr best workmen , -srhien shows for £ WTe week * m ftTetage rf 1 Os > wh . de < Juct . ^ b a . 9 4 . for per centage , loom-rent , winding , J ^ o ^ sad candles for the shop , leaves a net snm <*• WL jto maintain themselves and their famines . ^ P ^ nee another statement of the gross earnings «^^< la ^ " roifane ° » ^ Meh shows an average *> 5 * d £ ^ : ir fL twebre weekB ; ma 3 dn * ^ - •^ ae ^ ctions , as above ennmerated , amonntinff to SirS ^ **? ' J ™* ' * - ' ° r Myself and 9 n 7 ^ « T erage four in nnmber , it will afford < & f £ S . \ y three FABTHIKGS to each head per
^ j ia * e now given you the sum and substance of »*^ t ^ S- 516 * 11 £ rom 3 iB « Seridge- B report , also aramr ^ or Fie lden ' s Sarrey , wMch will mat&rially assist fcfti *^ 11 111110 * *»» av erage sta tement of the condi - . w « iehand-loom weaTers . I regret that the report S ^ -. 6 ^ 61 as fnlly aa it ought to do into a question « f nT ** flffecte at least one-Bixth of tlie population Uj j ™ moxt important roannfaetsiic ^ eoanty in igr 1- Only thirty-eight pages of garbkd statef , « a absurd theoriea are devoted to Lcccashixe , H ^^ : Westmoreland , and part of the Weet-^* "S > wiulst a whole Tolume , of seTeral hnndred
Untitled Article
PW ^ ooc ^ id w ^ Totaminou , detail * concerning S ^ SSSS ^^ s ^ J ? ^ Gloucesterri ^ m ttttS ^ ^ ! !^ «*«»« t ««* Hg « L I » dbin ^^ JJw of ^ t ^*^ •?* «**^ SW . w £ Ti sSriK to SaSSS « raK . o w ^ usss , are « euoerateh r esehtdwi * /> m >* i .. ___^_ i the woollen tnde in the county of S ^!? ^
zSgz pZZzS ? f ? « rtitt » »**»» . Theoe reports are S 2 S ? i ?^ """^ Sf ** *•*¦* « there oust ohosen representatives are their ioinmissio ^ n ^ t& n * w scl ^ e «« legsAMoc' is corrap ^^ ffiV and lying , and report * are 8 <** p ¦ * r * i ™»** J' » m Of ftt * they ne ' er must taste otwa ^^ 1868 ef *• P «» ed onditioa of the handOoom weaTers xoay be tlms enumeated , say , the
* fl £ Jr ^ r ™* * ° operation of the present l » w » ^ ng and regulating the importation ^ foreign 1 awpeHtion of power-looms . waeesrflw ^ S ^ ^; 611 * ^ 618 from tte 4- The competition anong tbe masters . 1 1 ^ proportionate mmier of weaTers to the lalwarreo ^ redto be per&mnedbytbemr 6 . The fact of a knowledge" of 4 he weavin * trade being easily acquired , and o ? the trade itself bdng ^ S to anelasseq « rfunemployed persona . ^^ 7 . Foreign competiton . 8 . The exportatton ef yarn and machinery
« ?« f »»«; bttndanceof caoses , each of which issnf . oteSJ 0 f ST ^ ** l P I ««* on of the weaver " on each of which a volume m « ht be written LTvZ a ^ L inrt ^ assumption that 3 Ra ca ^ 'S ^ tinl t ^ dut resa . I < to not presume to undeatonTS " ^•^ i !^? ' "" P ^ " ^ demaud - andVuch other mo ^ Hhmeflabbergaster . A question like the present where hundred * of thousands . of industrious arttetns
appending upon precarious contingencies for their food , needs no philosophy , no idle tteorleB , visionary schemes of new modelling the world ; facts , fimreT cwnmon sense , practical knowledge , are the best apl pbaneea in such important eases . In reviewing the above causes , and preparing your mind to grapple with them on the opening of Parliament , I will endeavour to strengthen all my views by facts and figurestte former are stabborn things ; the latter are proofs of the most srabbortiind . - r
Th « first cause enumerated is net , In my opinion a principal cause , but only an effect produced from a superior cause , or superior causes , and toargae this question fairly it would be easttarr- to reason , a posteriori , from theeflectto the " cause ; let us examine , in detail , the opinions of the weavers themselves , who hate been questioned as tor the effects of the Com Laws upon the condition of the hand-loom weaver , in the report Muggeridge . giTes the following summary of their opinions , stating that the Corn Laws , 1 st Cause the people of England to pay a high and unnecessarily exorbitant price for their bread , whereby their physical condition was deteriorated . 2 nd . Prevents th » interchange of British manufactured good * f « foreign grain , whereby the employment of our ma&n&etnring population was decreased .
STd . To drive foreign nations to manufacture for themselves , through our refusing to receive their corn in exchange , whereby the British hand-loom had been thrown altogether out of employment , or compelled to work at a scale of wages as low as that paid to tbe Continental labourers in the cheap com-growing countries . 4 th . In many cases to supersede the British manufactures in foreign markets , -which , are now sapplied by tiie cheaper wrought fabrics of other eoontriea . R . J . Richardson .
Untitled Article
TO THE CHARTISTS OF GREAT BRITAIN . Letter it . BBETHRE 5 , —Though I hare led you to Ireland first , think not th&t it is the only country blasted by oligarchical miegevernment ; though in brinring it thus early to your notice , I haTe been led by * the principle , "that charity begins at home . " . Look at Canada in North America , and there you win find a country where the blood of hundreds of souls rests on the Government of this country . We Bee the same spirit at work there which has desolated unhappy Ireland Read the- travels of Mrs . James , and Captain Marryat , and you will find , though they are Tories , they boUi mention the difference on each side the river 8 t Lawrence , whieh divided Canada from the republic of tie
United States ; a difference which can be attributed only to misgovernment , for the land on the Canada side is far superior to that in the territory of the ¥ nited States ; yet , whilst in the latter country all is activity and prosperity , in Canada there seems to be nothing of the kind , but , on the contrary , much misery prevailing Of course , if passing travellers observed these striking effects of government , tbe inhabitants not only observed mere keenly , but alto felt the effect * of that difference . There , as in Ireland , an Episcopalian Church is placed round the necks of the people , who are 9-tenths Roman Catholics ; an army of locuBts from England was also palmed on them . These , conjoined with other causes , entirely destroyed the prosperity of the country ; and the people rightly determined on tbe removal of these
abase *—they Stopped the snpplie * . Had the very men , who are telling tie peopleof this country to keep to the law , kept to it themselves , the cause of justice would hsTe triumphantly prevailed ; but , they tell the people to respect the law , and are the first to break it when it serves their own interests . 80 it was in Canada .: when they saw that the people were able to redress their grievances by the Constitution , it was no Constitution for them . They attempted to violate it ; the people rightly and lawfully resisted such violation —first by argument , then by arms . Yes ! they took up arms against the tyrants for breaking tbe law . But , alas ! tyranny triumphed—the patriots were subdued . Many , aye many , are the poor -women who are left Widow * , and the Children who are left fatherless and orphan *; many are tbe villages which have been left a mass of smoking ruins ; many are the brave and good
men who have expiated , the violators of justice say , their crimes on the scaffold ; I say , been made martyrs to the holy blessed cause of liberty ; and many are tbe patriots who have been driven from the " land that they loved , " to mourn the oppression of their country in a foreign dime . And why all this ? Because the inhabitants resisted tyranny—because they determined to obtain that which , t « every well judging man is better than life—true liberty , and tbe eDjoymtnt of all the blessings which God intended for his creatures . Yes ! because they acted thus nobly , their blood was poured out like -roter ; they were MURDERED , and the blood then poured out win be required by the Judge of all , at these murderer 3 ' hands , saying , " The voice of thy brother ' s blood crieth unto me from the ground . Where is thy brother ? " Murdered will then be the reply of these . self-convicts , and awful , indeed , will be their doom .
I uk now wh * t t . 'h ^ V ye ? How will your Sabbath be best employed ? In going np to the house called by Sod * * name , and saying , Lord , Lord , whilst you do not the works He commands you . Or , in attentively looking at these things , and resolving within yourselves never to cease your exertions till the kingdom of God is come on earth—rill peace on earth , and good will amongst men , is inscribed truly and spiritually on all our institutions—in the preamble , substance , and tendencies of all our laws . I might fill pages thus briefly skimming tbe anti-Christian effects in different countries of that Government which it is the desire and object of every good patriot to remove ,- but , after just glancing at India and China , in both which countries ruin and desolation have been spread , and are beiDg spread , chiefly through the means of an irresponsible British Government , I nmst « ondude this portion of my subject .
Eastern India , an immense country in Asia , of upwards of one hundred millions of inhabitants , is subject to the dominion of this country . The inhabitants are a harmless , inoffensive race , and possess a soil capable of producing everything to render life agreeable ; yet almost the whole of this T&st territory is rendered miserable through that enrse of human kind , migovemment Tbe name of an Englishman ia , from their monstrous oppression , a terror to the people , and the appearance of one of them in any of the villages is the signal for a desertion of their houses , and for a night into the open fields and forests !! It would be well were an able hand to lay open to the gaze of the people of this country tho crimes and horrors committed against the God of Heaven , by the English , on this beautiful country . Horrible ! horrible !! most horrible . «!! must be the cry which would issue from your hearts .
Now , a word on China , with whom this nation is now at war ; for what think yon ? Because the Emperor of this people prohibited the importation of the poisonous opium into his dominions , by which an immense number of his subjects' lives were annually destroyed . But did these preachers of obedience to others regard the laws of this country 1 No ; certainly not ! As I have told yon before , these hypocrites are ever ready to break tny law , no matter whe ther human or Divine , -when it suits their purpose ; they still , in spite of the Emperor ' s decree , carried on thin life and healthdestroying traae by smuggling , and continued to do so till their opium , to the amount of two millions of p » ur : ds sterling , was des : roved , and some of the illegal traffickers imprisoned . At this crisis the Govei nment which now curses this coon try , instead of congratulating
Untitled Article
: Chinese Emperor on haTing defeated and . destroyed these shameful traders in the lives and souls of menttdrfeUow < reatees--mstea 4 of acting thus—out itnbeeUa , baae WUgswroipped a fleet , ami seat orders to the eemmaoder of their fleet in that part of the w ^ to- btoeiade the Chlnew ports . 'The w «» un *^ began ; Wo < xih «» hw ^ beenstooVmanyCianese B *** bm MTTRDHIED , ; fo * lf ev « r therew « a murder committed on earth , these men are marditeft by tte de * c * aw of the English Ja « g « rnattti-the . » od ; wealth Some < I « bw too many ) will suppose these mere 'ten * P *» i questions ; dub most miserably are they mistaken Wno think so . The eternal wel&xe of thousands of w * U *«> involved in these questions . . And ««* ea t « ibe ay- "which waotinds from the pulpits of thi * kingdom . " think , " they say , » O think on the poor heathens who are perishing for lack of knowledge ; send to them the word of Bfe- ^ -the plan of mercy revealed in God ' s word . " Whether this ^^^^ P ^ F ^ ving defeated and destroyed
cry proceeds from those- wh » rraOy desire to see the ever-ble — ect word of- Jehrah : Uk * «» -wings ot the morning , and fly to the utmost part of the earth j - ¦<* whether this cry i , the veil of titf hypocrite , I mast leave . But if I have -learnt one thing during my sojourn on the earth , It is this : —That there never was a troe convert made toany epinlen , whilst the preacher offered them the word fat one hand , and fixe , Mood , andmiserymtheother . Whathas been the effect of such wwmptsat conversion in Catholic countries , youallknowwhat hat been the effect of this mode of proceedings Ireland , you know ; in short , its effect in all ages and countries is also well kn 6 wn . How was the gospel first grafted on the miads and understandings of men
, but by the merciful miracles of our Lord and his apostles ? Did they \ aa they had the power to do ) call down £ re from heaven to burn np cities t Did they call for " legion * of angel * " to destroy men ' s lire *! And did they consume the Bubttanceof the people ? Ko , no , brethren ; we find them healing the sick , binding up the broken hearts , and letting , the captive go free ; we find our Saviour saying , he " came not to destroy men ' s lives , but to save thenL- He refused to bring fire from heaven even on those who scoff *! sj . him ; he , in short , multiplied a few small loaves into bread sufficient for five thousand persons . And are not we to follow their example ? All must confess we are . But do we , when we { permit the sinful rulers of this
country te carry the sword , fire , blood , and misery into countries which we wish to evangelise andChrisUanist ? Certainly not ; and if persona think they can convert under such a state of things , they are pitiably blind ; and if they are supporting the Government in its iniquity , whilst they pretend to love the souls of the heathen , I tell them they are hypocritical liars . They love . ' , with the love of Cain , who was of the wicked one , and slew his brother ; such Is the love of all those who profess to build up with onehand what they areactuallypullingdownwiththeother . Whenyouhear preachers ( no matter of what sect ) asking your pence for the poor souls in India and China , request of them a history of both countries ; ask them to detail to you the oppressions in India , and the murders in China , andiiben demand of them { fearing neither their smile * or their frowns , ) if it is not robbery to take your money for a purpose which win never succeed under the present state of things .
Is my objectattained ? Are you , brethren , convinced that not merely the temporal , but the eternal happiness of mankind is involved in what is commsnly -called " politics ; " that is , in the statutes , laws , and ^ ordinances f 0 * the regulation of the social and political affairs of man i SIneerely do I hope you are ; for I can scarcely expect to draw yon , by the blessing of heaven , from sighing and groaning on the Sabbath , to the ' performance of good to your fellow-creatures , unless you rightly procure these things . Lest , however , somo may yet be blinded and held in bondage , by long on .-judice , I shall pursue the subject further , by stowing you the ehief source of the vast amount of vice which grievously prevails In this country . Misgovernment is generally the cause of temporal distress . This misrule
almost exclusively arises from political power being in the hands of a few , who use their legislative pewer for the purpose of heaping up wealth to tkemselves , by laying burdens on their unrepresented fellow-creatures too heavy to be borne , which burdens they touch not with one of their fingers . You cannot , in any age or country , find a moral population existing under an oppressive and tyrannical government Whilst the head is sick the whole heart is faint . If corruption and tyranny prevail in the government , they are sure also to abound amongst the people to a greater or less extent . Think not this mere assumption—it stands firmly based on the word of truth , which , I trust , you all revere . lit the 8 th veree of the 12 th Psalm it is thus written— " The wicked walk on every side when the vilest men areexalted " In tbe 87 th chapter , and the 2 d vene of Proverbs it says— " When the righteous are in authority U » people but when
rejoice , the wicked beareth rule the people monm . " And , in the 12 th rvn»— " if a ruler hearken to lies , all his ervants are wicked . " Read the history of the Israelites , and you will find that as the King was good or bad , so was the land d evoted to the true and living God , so covered with high places , where the worship of images was celebrated . Look at our country in this day ; does it not declare the truth of the principle I have laid down , or rather , I Should * ay , the prlnelpls * which is laid down in the Word of God ? How many of the prostitute * , who are the moral plagues of our streets , owe the loss of virtue to their inabDity to procure the necessaries of life in a more honourable way » How many thefts in eur land spring from poverty being treated as a crime ( as it is under the execrable New Poor Law ) or from the individual * being unable to procure common necessaries ? How well did the great and good , though erring " , Stephens , speak on this subject , when he
said" People talk of the vices and profligacy of the labouring classes . If there were sot vices and crimes among them they would be angels , not men . " How can they be without vice when they are driven to herd together like swine—wben male and female are indiscriminately mixed—when the poor have not the means Of brewing their own beer , and are driven to the contamination of the beer-shop or the tavern t Well does it become those who deny them their wages to charge them with vice—they who , by the unjust laws they have made to enable them to retain what they have unjustly gained drive them to deeds of desperation—they , whose institutions make them the slaves of Circumstances . " Chartists , in the bond of democracy , I remain , youra , truly , Harleston , Norfolk , Oct . 1840 . ^ CHAEIISI '
Untitled Article
SCRIPTURAL CHARTISM . No . 5 . Tbe Israelites , even after they bad escaped from Egyptian bondage , had to march through a wilderness before they could srrive at the promised land , and , then , they had to dispossess the occupiers before they could take possession of it themselves . Imring their march , they were subject to many hardships and privations—their faith was put to the severest trials , and hardly could their leaders inspirit them with the necessary hope and perseverance . They were attacked by hunger and thirst , by serpents and by theAmalekites , so that they sometimes envied the lot they had left behind . At every disappointment they were ready to
despair , for they were unwilling to encounter those Lazarus which the pursnit of freedom involves , and they expected to gain it without trouble and expense . Even when they had obtained a sight of the promised land , and had received ocular demonstration of its fruitfulness , they turned back into the barren wilderness , because thtf durst not go np to take possession of it Still more austerity was needed to fit them for freedom Moses saw that men , who had been born and bred in slavery and idolatry , were not the men to fight for liberty , and he waited till a new and more ardent generation should ariBe , —Youths who would burn to meet the foe and not , like their cowardly sires , quarrel with their leaders and each other at every appearance of danger and difficulty .
The Tories , like robberB , may attack the povertystricken people , and the Whigs , like serpents , sting them with Bcoffij ; but , look at the Charter ! The Charter is our covenant—eur title-deed to the land of liberty . God gave it The Moabites endeavoured to corrupt the Ismaelites , by ministering to their evil appetites , and Balaam was appointed to curse them ; but that farseeing prophet blessed them , because he saw from their numbers and determination that they would succeed . Brougham has , in like manner , incurred the displeasure of our Moabish Government Joshua led his troops around the walls of Jericho and they
fellso would the system , that citadel of corruption . Those places which , like Mezoz , came not np to help the people in their common cause , were accursed and ought to be disfranchised . The Charter should plough up weeds , and the land be kept clear by good government When Rehoboam said that his father ' s yoke had been heavy , but his should be heavier , the people exclaimed , " To jour tents , O Israel ! " and when Jeroboam stretched forth his hand to seiza a prophet , or friend of the oppressed , it withered . Ahab and Jezebel listened to " lying prophets , " or flatterers , but a true prophet triumphed over them . The bramble Is now king « ver the olive and Tine ,
* * w-TO THE EDITOE OF THE NORTHERN STAB . Sib , —I trust you will pardon my presumption in thus introducing myself to your notice . But , Sir , after having resided in the ancient city of York for tbe last eight months , I have had an opportunity of watching tba operations of the democratic party , and happy « m I to state that the good cause of liberty has taken root and is flourishing in good style . The people of York are getting their eyes opened—the film is falling fast off , and , I trust , they are beginning to see what things are and what they should be . There is not a city or
tewn in England where the Charter is more wanted than in York—not because of distress ; no , Sir , but to check the petty tyranny that is carried on by the aristocratic party . Now , Sir , I believe the population of York to be about thirty thousand . There are somewhere about four hundred voters , freemen and householders , altogether . There are about one hundred persons who have a nnmber of clerks , sextons , acd other dependants on the Church under their controul , and by thdr influence and threats , they at any time are sufficient to turn the scale of an election under the present system . But , give us the Charter , Universal Suffrage , and Vote by Ballot , and , then , Sir , the people
Untitled Article
« York will be able to stem the current of competi-^ ¦?* , tNrterJ ? wanted ,, and . it must come , 2 & * M £ ? rif W dJMnpions # liberty are at ? 55 ^} z & * ™ fo !* f ™ w ; ***»» j bf , Infamy , and classed S ^ a ^ t ^^^^ ^ ^ wqr SPme forth zfSse £ ? £ rz JgS ? " ** fr Jg *" ,. . " fffr' ^ Ipgr ana again nr | UH £ 5 * 3 $¥ & $$ ? & ! & **^* tell .. Ypuare aware , aonBsllertdnTprison , aBd for 06 other crime th > vn that 'fh ^ M VIb ^^ bI ^ ak ^ Aft A . * ^^ ^ " fl '"* ' ^ " ' J i ' ' ' ' ' ^^^^ * ' ^^ ^^^^^^^ ^^^•••••^^ V ^ BBM ^^ BV * W 4 IIBBJ 1 F * JS ™«? omtli * ejes of tlfe politically Wind ;* od » riieart % ee ^* irneiri tfalfikTof Ms BuflSrings , ftr I S ^ Sf ^^ r ^ *^^!^^ 1114 * the earthly 5 S 23 M& ? ¦ tow ™* n ? true-heart 4 f ^ F ^ ^ Z ®?* * ™ " * tW »« ftgtteriedage YorkwiUbe abto to stem thft «^ nt nf «™««
to -out , >« «* wstm - ^ mi ^^ T Mt ^ Am LI ? \ , !^ > OT > * " ** " * * NP « , Mte > I keen « J £ fbsjoua « w # rlej > ts it possi ] Ue ? This wortd- ^ h © Uair of liberty t Is thlaEri glish Uberty ! ° ^^^ W ^^ li » i ^ Jaoe ef torture , and to setittm ottiTevel' -rffth tWeves ? But . Sir , if dream-I ?* ** •?!** #% ! k ^ k € H- « na , horrid ! horrid ! I found i was in-t&nptar t But , yriai are the" men that eaamakesttchfcwsr Aire t ^ y ' Cfolstiians ? They are devilB ! for . wwbere ; tititin hell , couia Buch . a law have been thought of . If say , noj aWwugh a great part of them preach up Christianity , ia $ profess to be the disciples of " Christ , a * tt ^ e ministers of his kospeL But
a ® , 2 » r themselves follow bis etample ? Are they *™ J * ? Dre ' ^ bTorwhyjareoujrworkhousescramuiea J ^ poor emaclaiBc- bebiga- ^ ur streets thronged with beggars , and our prisons full of thieves ? I dont mean to say 'f ^' e ^ . * s $ fe tte ? dim « of crime entirely , neither - could tBey banish poverty altogether . No , Sir , but by an active employ of their nilaistry , they might , out of their enormous livings , amc ^ iorajbe the sufferings of theusands of familie * . and ,, by a strict discharge of their' duty , set an example to others to do well ; they might visit the prisons as naagistrutes , and there see the sufferings of the unfortunate creatures . And , Burely , if tftey possessed one spark of the religion of Him whem they preach up , they then would exert themselves as mea and Christians , aot only to relieve but entirely abolish that systeth , which is neither Christian-like not
English : but , whilst we have the hunting , the gambling , and the whoremongering parsons , we need not look for such a change . But listen , ye wtdow-oppregging wretches ( for such I consider the wires of the poor victims ) , your crimes are recorded . in , heaven , and will one day , sooner or later , be punished in helL What a sight for you who now feed on that for which others work ; you who grind , as it were , the poor to dust , to see him whom you scouted , reviled , and tortured , enjoying the smiles of his Maker , while he hurls at you the thunderbolt of his indignation . But I say , away with barbarians from off the earth . Man that can meet his fellow-man in such a manner Is not fit for society in this country ; he is not Worthy the name ' of- an Englishman j neither
is he fit to herd with the ancient natives of America , or any uncivilized country , because they , in their mercy , dash out the brain * of their victims , and their punishment seldom exceeds one hour ; they have no idea of this rtfined , this enlightened torture , which has been , and still is , the portion of those poor political victims for months in some c&sei , and years in otherg—tortures that are calculated not only to emaciate the body , but also to destroy the reason . Better by half would it be toeetup ' ttie gibbets , to Introduce the rack , the thumkin , and all the paraphernalia of hell-invented tortures , and so finish the life of thoir victims at once , than treat them in th& manner they do . What must be the feelings Of the poor wives of these wretched men t I think If the hardest hearted of these bitter persecutors
could only see the haggard face and the swollen eye when they think of the treatment their husbands are undergoing , the agony they endure , the bitter scalding tears that burst from their overcharged brain . But , enough of this ; for were I to' give full scope to my feelings , my heart would burst with indignation against the vile persecutors of those brave patriots who are Buffering for the principles and acceleration of liberty . Where are the three lamented and beloved martyrs—Frost , Williams , and Jones , banished from then country , from their families , and friends ? It is true they an no more seen ; but their memories still live and warm the breasts « f the working millions ; and the day will dome when a just retribution will fall on the heads of their vile oppressors .
Sir , before leaving York , I felt it my duty , and also an honour , to wail on Feargus O'Connor , Esq ., in York Castle , and I found him in good health and spirits , and still the warm-hearted friend of the poor he always was . As I shook bands with him , my blood seemed to undergo a change ; my heart leapt within me for joy ; but when 1 looked around me , and bethought me , and found myself In a dungeon , my heart fell—I could havewept ; but tho time of liberty will come , and then for the Charter . Universal Suffrage , and No Surrender I Walsinguam Maezin . Chesterfield , October 25 , 1840 .
Untitled Article
TO THE EDITOR OF THK NORTUEBN STAB . Sir , —Allow me to make a few observations on a portion of an article which appeared in your last week's Star . I wonld first direct the attention of the working men to the resolution passed by the Manchester Delegate Meeting , which meeting was convened for the purpose of again organising the people , and commencing another , and , it was hoped , a more effective agitation ; and upon the plan laid down by that meeting , the Chartists throughout the country are now professing to act material of the is
. One part plan , that the members of the association shall make use of all peaceable , legal , and constitutional means for theattainment of their rights . With this plan I perfectly agree , feeling assured that if it is carried out to its legitimate extent , it wil be productive of far more benefit to the working , and , in fact , all classes , ( except that class that live by prey-Ing upon the others ) than any revolution which should involve the shedding of human Wood , and , consequently , thu complete subversion of the present order of things . In pursuance of the spirit of the proposed plan , we , the members of the Chartist Association in the West Ward , considered we were acting , when we accepted tbe proposal of the Committee of the Household Suffrage Association , namely , to rapport Mr . Heaps in the forthcoming election , on the express condition that they should support Mr . George Wood , the latter gentleman being , to all intents and purposes , a Chartist , in opposition to the two Tory candidates , Hunter and Deve .
Notwithstanding the ungentlemanly and insulting insinuation thrown out in the article above referred to , I am still unconvinced of the error ef our proceeding , inasmuch as this is ene of the peaceable , legal , and constitutional means by which we can make our power be felt and acknowledged by beth Whig and Tory . However , it appears we have not altogether hit the humour of the cowardly Bcribe who pleases to denounce us , by adopting what he is pleased to term a " trimming and unprincipled policy , " that we bad no right to pledge ourselves in the maniKx which we did ; and , lastly , that the pledge was bought , or it never would have been given .
We beg . Sir , most distinctly to deny the foul assertion , and we throw back the charge with scorn and indignation upon the unprincipled concoctor of the mean and dirty falsehood . Why does the writer in the
Untitled Article
Star chaige us with accepting bribes from the Whigs ? Mow does he know thj&t ^ Jbribe hasten offered by the Whigs at all ? Unless He li prepart * to prove this , he Is entitled to thattreatment which liars and traducere are In every case entitled to , via ., * treat to a horse whip . .- { . . . VO ' ¦ - ¦ = ¦ . ' . "¦ ' ¦ "" ¦'• ' ¦ ' : ' ¦ '•• " *¦¦ ' ¦ ' ¦ ¦ We yield to none in our attachment to the principles of universal liberty , to the cause of justice ond of right , andwe arexeady o&aU occasion * to aid in theattainment of those objects , where itcan be done by legal and peaceable means . From that line of policy wea » determined , aot to swerve . We will not be made tools of to blow the . flames of hatred , and * keep a continued hostility to tbit class whom it if onrgwateat andmest vital interest to conciliate , and . If possible , to convice ^ - ^ . _ -. ^ u - ^^ . _ .. . ^ .. ^ . .
of tiie justaess of ,, our cause , and ultimately to enlist th ^ a In the advocacy of our -principles ; tat nothing is to be gained by silencing aman , or aparty of men , unless-, we can , In'luce them , to act ¦¦ In accordance witbour . wishta , ¦ - ' ¦ ¦ ¦¦ ~ > . ¦" ' "" . ¦ ' ¦ . ' . ' ¦' " " . ; " '' - '¦ "" ' ' ¦ This I understand to be the great work of the Char tists , and in it we have succeeded to a large extent j but for acting in a manner wkich we conceived to be most likely to promote the general good—in a manner which will at once meet the approbation of every right thinking and honest man , tbe coward poltroon , who dare not reveal his name , asks " what man , daring tb call himself a Radical , would do so ? " and says there is more honour in the breach than in the observance of such a pledge . .,
WeJoave yet to lean , Sir , that there is any honour in lying , shuffling , and equivocation ; and were it not for the but too sncceseful attempts of such cowardly knaves to play upon the feelings of the people , and , in many instances , to incite th . « m u > outrage and violation of the laws , Frost , Williams , and Jones , and scores of others , who are how paying but too dearly for their folly , would have , at this moment , been enjoying the comforts of their families and their homes , instead of enduring the horrors , of a prison and banishment , which is equivalent to death ; whilst the dastardly instigators « f those movements for which honest men are suffering , remain unhung . Into this error we will Hot again be led .-, from the straightforward course we have taken we mil not be divided ; and when all legal , all peaceable , all constitutional means have failed to secure to us our just , our inalien able rights , the course to be pursued we shall then have to consider .
Sir , remaining yours respectfully , V . Rv Westlake , 80 , Chatham-street , Leeds .
Untitled Article
TO THE EDITOR OF THE NORTHERN ^ STAR . Sib , —Permit me to thank you for the very able defence of me , which has appeared in your paper of Saturday , the 17 th of October . I have also to thank you for writing two remarkable articles in previous numbers of the Star in favour of legislative connexion with England , which we have not at present , our connexion being a connexion of tbe sword . You will do England and Englishmen much service by showing them the great benefits they would derive by making Ireland a happy and prosperous nation—by increasing the value of labour here , and , of course , lessening the pressure on your labour-market—by enabling the people to employ themselves at hometo cherish a l » ve for industry and science—which they never will and never can do bo long a 3 they are
living upon a meal of dry potatoes and a little salt each day . I have taken my stand on improving the condition of the working classes both in Ireland and England . You will see b y the Weekly Register of this week , that several meetings have taken place in Dublin for establishing Irish manufacture—it will do tome good . Repeat would do much—very mucA more . I beg to Bay , that I again thank yon , and to add that I am a subscriber here to your paper , ' through Mr . OM 3 rien , your agent . It is my intention to visit Manchester in about a fortnight , when I shall have an opportunity of explaining my views more at length to the working men of that locality . I am , Sir , Your very obedient Servant , _ ., ¦ ' Thos . Moonet , Dublin , Oct . 34 & , 1840 .
Untitled Article
A WORD TO THE WEAVERS . TO THE EDITOR OP THS NORTHERK STAK . Dear Sir , —I would fain address a few words to the weavers of this great empire , through the medium ot your valuable journal ; and if to « r following will suit your columns , you will , by inserting it , very much oblige one of the fustian jackets whom that bold and unflinching advocate , Feargus O'Connor , thought it not beneath him to notice before he was consigned to the Whig dungeon . To the Hand and Pouter Loom Weavtrs of Great Britain .
Fellow Dupbs of a bad Ststem , —I wish to address you as one man ought to address another / that is , in the spirit of equality , for I am one of the same class^—a despised weaver . First , I wish to direct your attention to the fact of the power-loom masters , after having got almost all kinds of goods into the mills that will pay to weave by power , for there is yet a . great many sorts requiring manual skill that they have not got the power-loom to perform ; and these sorts , it is my opinion as a practical man , they never will work in tbe large mills , to any great extent , on account of them requiring the above-mentioned skill , else the
bandloom masters would not be in existence , no , not for a single day , could the power-loom deprive them of being . I say , after having got the power-loom to weave as many kinds of goods as they can profitably ; after binding you , as it were , to them hip and thigh , they are redncing the small pittance they pay you in the shape of wages , about twenty-five percent ., or five shillings in every pound , sterling ; I say , after all this , and never mention those that are compelled to be idle , I say , is it net high time to put a stop to this system that is , and will not only send you but the class above you , toun-• mely graves ?
Weavers ! it will be evident to you that machinery ia a curee instead of a blessing to the operative , under the present system . Now I wish to mate the machine a benefit instead of a curse , as at present ; I would domesticate it , or place it in your own homes , where you can control it without it baing able to control you by the following easy method : let one hundred heads of families establish a £ 30 money club ; subscription four shillings per month , or any other sum you may agree upon ; but I think ' four shillings would be best until you get some looms at work , then those shares might pay eight shillings per month . Now , twelve of the members should take two shares each for tho purpose of providing steam-engines which should drive thirty-six looms , er nine . families and
£ 30 would buy a two-horse engine and boiler that would drive the thirty-six looms ; these twelve extra shares , making 112 shares , at 4 s . subscription each share per month , in two months , would be the net sum of £ 4416 s . ; and say engine and boiler cost £ 30 , and four second-hand poor-looms , £ 3 each ( £ 12 ) , making £ 42— -leaving a surplus of £ 2 16 s . in six months . Hence you would have as many looms at wort as the first engine could drive , and then yon would be able to obtain money on the usual rate of interest on the security of the club—so that in less than twelve months the whole members of this club might be employed at home , and who could give better security for money than you could , as every month ' s subscription would increase the security by lessening
the amount borrowed ? I think I may say that the hand-loom weavers will average from the warehouse 7 s . 6 d . per head per week , and a power-loom will double that ; consequently , four power-looms would get £ 3 from the warehouse , and the driving of them would not cost more than Is . per loom ; thus leaving £ 2 16 s . for the wages of a father and two sons , or daughters , aa it would not dispense with the father ' s labour , he being required to prepare or dress tbe warps in a hand-frame , made out of one of the old looms for that purpose ; for if we could do without the father , or head of the family , they could do the work in the mills ; but as we cannot , he being required to handle various kinds of yarns , such as fine yarns , that would bead , or be
filled full of runners , and require softening , which cannot be dressed in the common power-loom dressing machine . The next I may mention are yarns for making shades , or any fancy loose colour , and there is a great many made , but it would be tiresome to enumerate a tithe of them , suffice it to Bay that you will understand me ; and now let me ask you , will it require any very great exertion on your part te put this plan , with such amendments as may Occur to you as a body , into immediate practice , as it is but three pence per loom , or a shilling per house weekly ; and you might divide the hundred members Into eleven lots , of nine members each lot , but one of the lots would have tan members in it ; and suppose your houses situate in rows , as hand weavers houses mostly are ,
you might begin one row at a time , by waiting until the monthly subscriptions amounted to the necessary sum , which would not be more than six or seven months at the outside , and then you might place the engine in the middle of one of these rows of nine houses , and each of the houses might drive the engine a week at a time , so that it would be nine weeks before it came to his turn again to drive it , thereby saving the wages of an engineer ; and the fuel would cost you about nine or ten shillings per week , or perhaps 3 £ d . per loom per week . Bat you will perhaps say there is wear and tear , and a many other little items I have not mentioned , and bo there ia , but they will all como within the first sum , namely , one shilling per loom weekly , and 110 doubt you may raise a many other
objections , but these you had better combat and struggle with , aye , and overcome too , if you wish to mend your condition . Call to mind the rural , peaceful , happy , well-fed and cestenteJ homes of the hand-loom weavers some thirty ycara ago , and say is it not worth a struggle to obtain those days again , when no menial took account , Cerberus like , of two minutes and a half too late after a breakfast or dinner , as I witnessed to da ; at one of those cotton hells , to fine you twopence after a hastily swallowed meal , and then after that to bs tyranked over worse than soldiers on parade , in an unhealty atmosphere with never a breath of freBh air , and it ia the want of fresh air aud sufficient time to masticate their food that chases the roses from the cheeks of our factory girls .
Untitled Article
But I mast conclude , hoping you will take this play into your serious consideration , and if not thisorsom * such plan be adoptal immediately , 1 fear this country will verify the words of the poet when he says : — rafarea ^ the tadrto ^ i ^ stenlng ills » prey , Where wealth accumulates and men demy . Yours , 4 c ., JaS . BBONT . ON . > .. . M *
Untitled Article
• . .: . . . T I i . i i ^»~~ W > W ~ ... PAKIS COB ^ EQTlqNAt POLICE . ( FromVuGax ^ a ^ Ttibwnam . ) Qceer Man « . Queer Dog . —Having taken three consecutive sjid determined whiffs at his pipe , M . Moufllaid suddenly exclaimed in a" shrill and peculiar tone of Toice , Expressive of exdted feelings— I call upon publie justice (¦ whioh he stemed to regard as an indlviduaty ' to' P * it certain questions to me , and I , on my part , promise fcf give becoming answers to what ever may be demanded of me . " The President—You bad better niftke known , Monsieur , the facts ofthe complaint which you havo brought against M . Gendroh . Complainant—Why , my complaint Is moreagainst another individual , whom I am surprised not to see here , than against M . Gendrdn ; I mean his dog , for he it is whom I consider as my personal enemy . President—You have been bitten by the dog of M . Gendron ?
' Complainant—In the fat part of the leg , or what is vulgarly called the calf of the leg —( a laugh ) . All his teeth were there embedded . Yon might see tho marks , if politeness allowed the removal of the stocking . ¦ ; ¦ ¦ .-. ;¦ .. ' ¦ : ; "• - . ¦ - . ' ... ¦¦ : ' ¦ ¦¦ ¦ - . •' President—Did yon not provoke the dog ? The defendant alleges that you did . Complainant—t , Six ] 3 > o I look like » man whowould compromise my dignity by holding conversation with quadrupeds ? What the devil would you have bad me say to the animal , for which I have so profound a contempt , aud which I should like to tell him , em passant , it I could ? Defendant—I will do that for you , my dear neighbour .
Complainant—This cursed dog , Monsieur le ' Presi * dent , every day runs barking after me without the slightest possible motive —( much laughter ); I am quite sure bis master has tavght him to nave an antipathy towards my calv « s —( renewed laughter ) . Defendant—He takes them for bones , no doubt—( roars of laughter ) . President—Have you been confined to your room from the effects of the bile ? . Complainant—No , sir , but lt is not the less disagreeable to me on that account This confounded dog has broken all my habits . For seven-and-twenty years I never left the bouse , because my wife died in it But I have now been obliged to remove on account of this pet dog of il . Gt « ndron . Do you seek to recovw damages for the injury you have sustained ?
Complainant ( in a mild and forgiving tone of voice )—Not the slightest in the world . All that I desire l » that I should be avenged on mine enemy the dog , by having a bullet put through biB body . ( Laughter . ) The Tribunal condemned the owner of the unfortunate dog in the payment of a fine of 25 francs . Complainant—And the dog : is nothing to be dona ¦ w ith the dog ? : The President declined punishing the dog , for whose acts the master was liable in law , and tae cemplainant left the Court muttering about the partiality of public justice . ,
Untitled Article
AN EXECUTION FOR MURDER IN FRANCE . ( From the Gazette des Tribunaus / . J ¦ No execution has taken place in the department of Ariege for nearly ten years past More than one crime punishable by death has been committed within thai period , but attenuating circumstance * having been admitted , the lives of the offenders were spared : and this fact appeared to make many people think , that the punishment of death was entirely abolished . An example , however , became necessary , and this was given at the last assizes for the department of Ariege , by two prisoners being sentenced to death . The individuals in question were Alexis Rousse Janetls , for the assassi nation of M . Bergasse , a rifch landed proprietor of gaunt , and Jacques Desmmond Besse , also for murder .
The prisoners had In vain appealed against their sentences , and preparations were made in Foix for the execution of Janetis on the 14 th , at Tarascon . This created a good deal of excitement in the vicinity , and a large ; assemblage took place on the 14 th to witness the death of tho unfortunate man . At seven o ' clock the Abbe * Boy , the chaplain of th » prison at Foix ,, was introduced to the criminal , and told him that the time had nearly arrived when- h * must die . He , however , manifested no emotion on hearing this dreadful communication ; and he was shortly afterwards taken into ^ the chapel to the confessional ; which religious ceremony he went through ia a cold and formal manner . . . ,
After it was over , he requested that he might have some breakfast Some bread and meat were Immediately served to him , which be appeared to eat with , great pleasure . The hour arrived for his departure from the prison for the place of execution before he had finished his meal , -which , being intimated to him , he , by the permission of the officer , coolly put the rest into his pocket , to eat as he rode from Foix to Tarascon , which is a considerable distance . He then , deliberately walked down the long and difficult path from the prison of Foix to the Palais de Justice , where he entered a post-chaise , accompanied by the chaplain , and the vehicle kaving been surrounded by gendarmes , the cortege proceeded on the road to Tarascon , after traversing the town of Foix , which was crowded by a multitude anxious to obtain a sight of the prisoner ' s fact .
During the journey from Foix to Tarascon , which occupied nearly two hours and a half , Janet is listened In mournful silence to the pious exhortation of hi * confessor , and he only broke the long silence by replying in the affirmative to the question of the venerable ecclesiastic , whether he repented of bis crime ? Bat when this question was repeated at subsequent intervals , he replied , with a slight degree cf impatience , that h * had said so before . On his arrival at Tarascon , he was given into the hands of the executioners , who proceeded to the per . formance of the last dreadful preparations . He then had another religious conversation with the chaplain , after which he decided upon making a full confession of the crime fox which he had been condemned to death , adding that he should sever have committed it if M . . Bergasse , with whom he had had a ruinous law * suit , had given him a little . ¦ - . - ¦
The hour of death at length arrived , but the scaffold was not quite reaidy , for , being erected on a sloping ground , it was found necessary to strengthen it by supports . Daring this horrible suspense , in what manner ¦ will it be supposed the criminal was occupied ? Ha coolly asked if ke might be allowed to continue his repast ; and , having received an answer in the affirms * . - ^ tive , ke deliberately drew from his pocket the frag * ^' 0 ^ ments of bread and meat which he had placed there . .. niy ^ jf- ~ on quitting Foix , and continued eating them as if nothing v 0 $% 0 t - : that was passing in any way concerned him . ; « : ^ 'V "" At length all was ready , and the culprit mounted thft * f % . scaffold with a firm step , accompanied by the Abl * -: i ? ~ .
Boy . Tbe minister of religion then signified that itf"F ' wished to address the assembled multitude , and , after * . 1 a few simple and touching exhortations on the awful : - scene which they had come to witness , he told them that the prisoner had requested him to declare bis confession in public , and seek for him the pardon of God and of men . " Offer up a prayer , " continued the priest , "for the unhappy man who is about to expiate his offehee by his life . " The Abbe then knelt down with ¦ the culprit beside him , and , as if by some electrio influence , the whole assemblage , at the same instant , knelt , in prayer upon the earth . A few minutes more , aad Janetis had ceased to exist
Untitled Article
BURY . Odd Fellowship . —On Saturday last , the friends ' and members \ of Lord Pollingwood ' B Lodge , No . 11 ,. of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows , held their twenty-sixth anniversary at the house of Mr . T . Openshaw , the Red Lion Inn , ^ Fleet-street . Bur y ; when a most excellent dinner was provided on tho occasion . On tho cloth being drawn , Mr . James Whiteley , P . 6 . was called to preside ; when several loyal toasts were giveu , and the hilarity of themeetine kept up until near twelve . After a vote of thanks had been proposed , in a very neat speech , to the worthy host and hostess for providing bo liberally to the comfort and enjoyment of the guests , and the National Anthem being also sung in solo , by brother Wm . Binns , P . G ., the meeting separated , highlyy gratified with their evening ' s entertainment .
St . Crispin ' s Day . —Monday beit > £ St . Crispin's Day , about forty-eight of the craft of cordwaineri sat down to a substantial dinner provided at tha House of Call , Mr . A . Taylor , the Stanley ^ AjSSus Hotel , Staaley-streefc , Bury . After dinner , 'Mr . Henry Roberts was called to the chair , Bapported by Mr . Richard Hemingway , as vice-chairman . Th » chairman gave Crispin ; which was drunk with , thiee times three , all the company standing , with many other appropriate boasts , songs , and sentiments . The evening was spent with theereatest harmony and good feeling . Mr . and Mrs . Taylor received the thanks of the members for their attention ; and , after a vote of thanks had been given to the chairman , the meeting broke up .
New Poor Law . —The inhabitants of Bury are not generally aware of the fact that , at a hole-andcorner meeting of the Whig board of Guardians , at whioh their worthy member , and several other "liberal" gentlemen of that town were present , it was determined to introduce the " New Poor Law' * without delay into the township of Bury , Unless the inhabitants of Bury wish to bo reduced to * " coarser kind of feod , " we wnnirl ml "i"ijflrtffc > MH | ¦ u ¦» ¦ only to keep their eyes and ears open , bift ^ " | OS ^^ " * li and Btirring at the right moment , else whfintCfc Iktm . li , they may regret the ^ blessing" wMd tlttnViBB fc * haveaUowedto begivento themselves . wW ^ WL&m £ k ' oskr r&fc ; y ^ 5 &
KM
_ ^Rt Gwi C*Rr≪Tsp$Mieittc.
_ ^ rt gwi C * rr < TSp $ mieittc .
Untitled Article
THE SABBATH , BEISG AN IlfQriB . T IKTO IKS CATSE OP THE APPOINTMENT OF A SEVENTH DAT OP REST , AND I 5 T 0 THE MASXEB IN WHICH IT WILL BE MOST PlWmiABLY EMPLOYED 1 M ACCOBDANCE WITH THE WOKD OP GOD .
Untitled Article
eOnnty THE NORTHERN STAR . „ of
Untitled Article
" There was a little city , and few men within It ; and there came a great king against it and besieged it , and built great bulwarks against it Now there was found in it a poor wise man , and he by his wisdom delivered this city . Yet no man remembered that same poor man . " I think , Sir , the poor wise man might have made better use of his wisdom ; and I could relate thousands of instances of poor men who went to fight for their knapsacks and thirteen pence a-day , and had no better fate thau the poor wise man whom no one remembered after the city was delivered . Who remembered the names of those who fell in Egypt , in Spain , and on the plain of Waterloo ? They fell , and had the burial of an « s , or lay , like the troops of Sleera and Jabin , which " perished at Endor , and became as dung for the earth . "
But we learn from these examples to fight no battles but our own . We will flght for the land when it is ours ; but we will not weaken our own cause by fighting the battles of our oppressors , even if they promise us the whole Cheerier at a more convenient time ; for that would be meddling with strife belonging Hot to us , like one that taketh " a dog by the ears . " Clbricus .
But should war actually arise , we shall be invited to unite with our oppressors in quelling the foreign enemy , with a promise of having our grievances redressed at a more convenient season . That was the way the Roman people were put off when they passed the Agrarian Imu > ; but when the battle was fought , the Agrarian Law was forgotten ; and , as in water , face anawereth to face , so the history of the past reflects a picture of things to eome . Already our false friends are ondeavourlng to gull us with the old Roman intrigue ; but they will find the Chartists too wise to be so easily seduced . Allow me , Sir , to relate a tale I have read in the works of Roiomon —
less Is a poor man to interfere in the quarrels of nations if he has no property of his own to protect War may be very fine amusement for kings , and a very good trade for those that hold commissions under them , but the poor man , who has nothing to lose , had better sit still In his cabin andiiwait the result I am , nevertheless , sorry for the rich , who hold more than they can protect ; for I believe if the land were equally divided , we eould form a living wall around the shores of our island , that no power « n earth could break through .
TO THE EDITOR OF THE NORTUEBH STAB . "He that passeth by , and meddleth with strife belonging not to him , is like one that taketh a dog by the ears . "—• Sofomon . Sir , —The present rumours of approaching war lead me -to consider what the ¦ wise man meant When he wrote the text I have quoted ; and I think he does not mean that we are not to assist an honest neighbour to protect his right , but merely that we are not to interfere between strangers or men of doubtful fame , much
-
-
Citation
-
Northern Star (1837-1852), Oct. 31, 1840, page 7, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse2.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/king-y1kbzq92ze2708/page/7/
-