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lab shUtto and the tionment of time whic...
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FRANCE. Thf Forthcdmixg Electioks.— The ...
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AMAZING SUCCESS O P T H E N E W MODE OP TREATMENT WHICH HAS NEVER Airpn
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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Lab Shutto And The Tionment Of Time Whic...
THE NORTHERN STAR ; March 9 , 1850 . ^ i———————^——r ^ = r :=:== =: i iri l I
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France. Thf Forthcdmixg Electioks.— The ...
FRANCE . Thf Forthcdmixg Electioks . — The memb e re - comprising the Mountains have issued a powertel : address to the people , of which Michel de Bourge is the author . In this address = the losses of the ; partv by death and exile are enumerated a « d ; deplored . The Mountain , it says , is not a faction , ; it is a principle , and therefore it has lived . It is in \ vain that the executive bas adjourned the elections ? : they cannot but result in fitting up the ranks of & ej Mountain , and its present leaders in the Assembly ' have faith in the good sense of the masses , and < the constancy of their opinions . The address then ; proceeds : — ' The political hearing of the elections
o f M arc h 10 has n ot escape d us . The geaeraU policy of the government is deeply involved in tbera , ; and a striking jud gmen t of publ i c o p inion on the ; Soman question will more particularly result from ' it . In Democratic Republics , good and bad governments are recognised by « n infallible sign , the former serve for the emission , the development , and the pro p aga t ion of id e a s ; i t is , in fact , progress . When just they benefit all , and consequently the governmen t i t self , which should be the organ of . the ; people ; when false , the good sense of the pubHc does justice on it , and it falls into oblivion ^ _ All the sophistry in the world cannot conceal this truth .. The idea triumphant at the barricades of February
was so ci a lism , that is to say , t he emancipa t ion o f t be masses by labour ; labour raised to the height of the property which it engenders , and which it legili * matises ; general comfort secured by an equitable remuneration for labour , and the abolition of usury . Such is the principle of justice which it is necessary to render every day more and more c ' ear to the conscience of the human race . To repress this idea , to transform it into an attack on society , is the avowed object of all the efforts of reaction . Power , treasury , police , and army are all made to annihilate the p rinciples on which we place the emancipation and the future prosperity of the world . To attain this object , the old moral conquest of our father ? ,
those which were considered as the most irrevocably secured , are denied or overthrown . "What truth remains standing ? Our enemies proclaim themselves the saviours of society , and every day they sap the foundations of one of those principles on which not only French , but all modern society subsists . Liberty of thought , that source of all other liberties , purchased at the price of so many tears and so much blood , has been visibly persecuted under every form j in the press , by incessant prosecutions , seizures , an d sequ e st r a t ions ; in other institutions , by the state of siege , which has become a normal state of things in many of the departments ; in public life , by the interdiction of the
right of meeting ; in education , by the moral proscription extended to the whole body of Iaica teachers , in order to abandon France to the exclusive influence of religious couunuuhies . They treat the liberty of thought like those frees beloved by t he peo p le , who planted them to shelter the cradle of the , republic . That branch incommodes us , they say , and they cut down the tree at its root . In exchange for moral liberty , what material welfare bas been spread over the masses ? Where are the new markets opened to labour ? Have the protective barriers of privilege been removed ? The people suffer hunger in the midst of abundance . Where
are the Banks of Credit ? Where is the new mortgage-system , which was to attract capital by a more secure and ready gurantee ? Where are the benefits of that public assistance so pompously written in the constitution ? What is the part of the people in the eight milliards that have been accumulated during the last fifty years in the grand livre of the public debt ? What will revert to it of the 1 , 500 millions inscribed in the budg e t of 1850 ? What i s the dowry secured to the peop le b y these treasures , the produce of the sweat of its brow ? Tbe constituent Assembly , at its close bequeathed the people a legacy of 100 millions , by abolishing an odieus tax ; what has become of it ? what has rendered it
abortive ? - The wants of the treasury . The people continue to pay the tax on potable li ' qnors , but rentes and capitals placed at interest escape all taxation . Such is the policy pursued at borne / The address , after thus recapitulating their domestic g rievances , proceeds at some length to criticise the foreign policy of the government , reproaching it in strong terms for its acts , and more particularly fur its conduct towards the Roman republic , and conclud es by c a ll i ng on . the electors of the party to he firm and united at the day of election , in order to secure the success of tbeir candidates . The addr . s ; is sig ned b y the representatives , comprising what is called 'La Reunion de la Montague . '
Private letters from Brussels of the 27 th ult . mention that M . Etienne Arago bad lauded at Antwerp from England on the 25 th ult ., but that the order to permit him to reside in Belgium not baring been received at Antwerp , he was immediately arrested by the police and sent to prison . An announcement to that effect having been made to tbe Belgian government , he was ordered to be set at liberty , and permission granted to him to reside in the Belgian territory under certain restrictions , which will have the effect ' of presenting his presence there from g ivin g nmbrage to the French
government-After our reporter closed his despatch in the Legislative Assembly on Thursday , M . Casal put a question to the government on the subject of opening letters at the Post-office . He complained that several he had lately received had their . seals opened and were then clumsily closed . The Minister of Finance denied the rig h t of any one t o que st ion the integrity of any branch of the Administration . He would , however , inquire into the subject . M . Victor Hannequin , editor of the' Democratic Pacifiqne / was tried and found guilty on Wednesday week by the Assize Court of Paris of a seditious libel . He was sentenced to a year ' s imprisonment and 5 , 000 f . fine . - The editor of the < Repnblicain de la Moselle' has been also sentenced to two months' imprisonment and 2 , 000 f . fine , for a similar offence .
The' National' states , that General Castellane , on assuming the command to which he bad been appointed by the President of the Republic , i s sued a n order of the day against any military man under his command wearing his hair or moustaches longer than the existing regulations permit . Long hair is regarded as a sign of Socialism and long moustaches as a symptom of Republicanism ; A letter from Montpellier of the 23 rd ult . states that the editor of the ' Moniagnard' bas been ac quitted twice in one day by a jury of that town . He was prosecuted for having published an article entitled' 1 'Impot des Boissons , ' and extracts from * The Thirteenth of Jane , ' by Ledru RolUn .
A Socialist named Merlet was sentenced by the Assize Court of Paris , on Tuesday , to imprisonment for one year , to pay a fine of 200 f ., and to be deprived of his civil rights during five years , for having founded a branch society of tbe rights of man , and for having concealed arms in his possession . Progress of Tyranny . —M . Barrot has brought into the As eably a bill according to which , all mayors and their adjoints are to be hereafter appointed by the executive , which is limited in its
choice , however , to me mb e rs of t he munici pal councils . Tbe appointment is vested in the President of tbe Republic when it is for a commune of 3 , 000 eouIs ; it is vested in the prefet when the commune has no less than 3 , 000 souls . The act to be in force in two months after its promulgation , and a general appointment of mayors and their adjoints to take place at that time . The law would remain in vigour nntil the passing of a bill on the municipal organisation of France .
The provisions of this law will g ive rise to the fiercest parliamentary struggle . The legitimists , who are strongly for decentralisation , and for increasing the local power of country districts and authorities , oppose this bill , and with some justice , as an attempt to burke municipal liberty .
MORE PERSECUTION OF THE REPUBLICANS . In the Assembly on Tuesday , M . Dra ? w tbe president , announced that he had received arequisitory from the Attorney-General , M . Baroche , asking to he authorised to take legal proceedings against M . Michel de Bourges , for having , on the 1 st of March , in the commune of Montmartre , addressed a speech to an auditory , composed of 800 persons , assembled at the Hermitage , in which he attacked the principle of property , in the following terms : — "The day after their triump h t he peop le will inquire into the origin of fortunes and capital , and proceed to wind up the accounts of the bourgeoisie . They will he
justified in so doing after examining the accounts of Koyalty , unless the bourgeoisie should voluntarily C 0 ns f A the sacrifice—which I strongly recommend them to do . The people produce every thing , l ^ wa J ° * » consequen t ly , that everything i ™? »? L -: n - accordingly unite , and we will ^« L -J 1 ^ 0 " 0113 from tSe contest ! It is for tbat 2 ^ U ?» j * you to be Peaceable , in order that w ^ Lf H ^ our enemies ^ " Do as we have done ; we have too long submitted to you . " You may rest assured that thly will do so fs our present social state possible or durable * Are there not , in our society , manj mdividnals , who live in comfortable idleness , whilst others work veiy hard
France. Thf Forthcdmixg Electioks.— The ...
and lead a wretched existence ? Tbe Republic , as at-existe to-day , is a mere-empty-word . The posses-• sion of man by man must at last oease , " & p . This communication , was ' received bythe left ¦ wi th loud murmurs , and o n e m e mb e r ex c laimed , " This is an electioneering = njan ? fi . uvre . " il / ILMicuEt de Bourses , having ' aseended the iriibune , said that he hadrfjlmee spoken at electoral ^ meetings as an elector , andiiot a representative ot the : people . He protested on his honour—and five of-hw colleagues and 2 , 000 -citizens of Montinartfe -who had hoard him , would attest-that the words imputed to , had not been . uttered by him . « V »» - *! , « mrntnW cached . conciliation , and held out
delist adoptea by tho ^ Opposition ^ a pledge ^ ireoonciliatioS between *^ urgems and the wor * ; ing classes . He defied ^ Ministry ani its age" s ¦ to - substantiate their charge He bad ^ « £ „ was time the rfndeNrt °° eX cS and that ¦ theiourgcois and tha . ^ OP e should ^ a ^ , ana they should take each other byJto ta speech ascribed to h ' « S e / SSialist list as fabrication . He had dewibea tue ££ t f . thesymbol of three V ^ ¥ ^^ S ^ . their the people by ^^^ ffZ" & of Carnot ; moral amelioration b y-education py « , ind a moral and material interest , tnat oi jusiu-u , iatftaw ^ nsw ^ s aTIa „ v JL to cite a-single word pronounced by
him , on that occasion , : Or 'during , his whole lite against religion , property , or family . H e ha d not ¦ read the Co ° istitutio , mel , or he should have instantly protested , as he did two days afterwards , when the forgery was made known to him . At the meeting on the Boulevard Bourdon , held on Saturday , he had said that if the labourers gave their arms and the bourgeois their capital , they would form a great association which would save society . This was very different from the expressions placed in his mouth . He was no enemy of capital—{ laughter}—bu t h e t h o u g h t th a t it w as no t unlawful t o inquire
into its origin . XL Uouher . Minister of Justice , said . _ The Assembly was the sole judge , and would decide if thfc explanations entered into by M . Michel de Bourges were satisfactory . As to what the latter said respecting the three candidates , inscribed on what he called the list of conciliation , he ( M . Rouher ) regarded them as the candidates of ignorance , insurrection , and labour , organised on the principle laid down by the delegates of the Luxembourg . The Assembly , on bein g consulted , declared urgency , and afterwards decided that the requisitory of " the Attorney-General shou'd be _ referred to the bureau , which should appoint a special committee to
examine it . ... „ ,. ... . i r The President next read a letter of the Minister ot Ju s tice , including a report of the Commissary of Police of La Vil ette , in which M . Bancel , another representative of the Montagne , was stated to have used language offensive to the Legislative Assembly , which he divided into two hostile camps , the one representing Monarchy and oppression , and the other , the -Republic and emancipation . Ho had declared that the former , composed of 501 individuals , had deprived the people of tho sacred right
of meeting , of the liberty of the press and ot thoug ht , a nd advocated t ho leg itimacy of the expedition to Rome , & e . M . Bahckl admitted having used that language , and said that he was ready to appear before his sovereign judge , the country . _ The Assembly , on being consulted , unanimously decided that the language used by M . Bancel was not offensive , and passed to the order of the day . M . Lagrange and M . Matmieu de la Drome next rose , but were not permitted to speak . inter
The Assemblv next refused to authorise - pellations to the Minister of War with regard to to the arbitrary imprisonment of a corporal of the 39 th Regiment of the Line for distributing the Socialist list of candidates among his comrades . A revolt took place on the 27 th ult . amongst the military prisoners atthe-Fort Mont St . Michel . The troops succeeded in disarming then 1 . Several of the persons who opposed the cutting down of the trees of liberty in Paris on the 4 th ultwere tried before tbe Police Court of Paris on Sa turday , and sentenced to various terms of imprisonment from one month to four .
The Voix du Peupls' was yesterday seiz- 'd for an article entitled * Sitting of the Assembly—Treason . ' Some sl'g ht disturbances took p lace a t Marciac ( Gers , ) and at Tarascon , on the 24 th February , in consequence of the authorities having put a stop to the procession formed in honour of the anniversary of the Revolution . Several persons were arrested for singing patriotic songs . The correspondent of the ' Chronicle , ' writing on Saturday , says : — ' A pamphlet has appeared to-day , under the title of ' La Naissance de la Repnbliquie en F e vrier , 1848 , ' written by Lucien de la Hodde . It will be remembered that De la Hodde was a
person supposed to be an ardent Republican , but who was discovered by Gaussidiere , when he became Pre * feet , to have for years been a spy in the service of the police . So little suspicion had Gaussidiere of the character of De la Hodde that , at the period , of the discovery , he was actually secretary of the prefecture under Gaussidiere himself . Upon ascertaining beyond a doubt the character of the person whom he had been fostering as a friend , Gaussidiere called a party of the principal members of the Provisional government , sent f o r De la Hodde , and accused him of the treason . De la Hodde denied that he was the writer of the letters signed Pierre , but at length the letter in which he offered his services to the
police , signed with his real name , having been put i n his band , he confessed his guilt , and falling on his knees prayed for mercy . Gaussidiere put a pistol into the wretch's band , and told him be had nothing better to do in this world than to blow out his own brains . The remedy not being to De la Hodde ' s taste , he refused , and was allowed to exile himself to England . Since then the tables have been t urned : Dela Hodd e comes b a ck , and , in imitation of M . Cbenu , writes an account of the sayings and doings of the leaders of the Revolution of February . The object of the volume seems to be to do
damage to the moderate Republicans , and especially of the party of the ' National , ' who are accused of having got up the massacre of the Boulevard des Capucines on the 23 rd of February . M . de la Hodde describes himself as a philanthropic and humane personage , wbo , while he appeared to act with the brutal insurgents , could hardly restrain his feelings of indignation at their conduct . More than once , he says , * he was inclined to disc har g e h is carabine against these cannibals . ' M . de la Hodde does not throw any fresh light on tbe affair of the 24 th of February , and his book is neither so graphic nor so amusing as that of M . Cbenu .
The editor of the 'Repnblicain de la Moselle' has been found guilty by a jury , atMetz , of having published a seditious libel , and sentenced to imprisonment for two months and to pay a fine of 2 , 000 f . M . Ridart , M a yor o f Carn e , in the department of the Maine et Loire , has been sentenced by the Court of Assizs of Angers to pay a fine of lOOf . for having posted a manuscript placard on the walls of bis village , containing an inflammatory address to the peasants . A court-martial in the 6 th military division bas sentenced to death five soldiers of the 17 th Light Infantry , for refusal to obey orders in Lyons on the loth of June .
M . Cassavente , a law student , who acted as private secretary to Sobrier after the revolution of Feb . was sentenced by court-martial in Paris on Tuesday to transportation for life for the insurrection of June ,
1848
SWITZERLAND . The cowardly rulers of Switzerland are doing the dirty work set them by the continental tyrants . The following is the circular addressed by the Federal Council of Switzerland to the Cantonal Governments on the subject of Sergeant Boichot : — Berne , Feb . 14 . 'Faithful and dear Confederates , —The French authorities have recently seized a pamphlet entitled « T o the Electors of the Army , Boichot , Sergeant . Major of Carabiners of the 7 th Light Infantry , Representative of tbe People ( Seine ) , ' and which is signed by Boichot at tbe 6 th page , considering that
t hi s le t ter , dated frem Lausanne , mus t , from the manner in which it is drawn up , produce a g i t ation in France . The Federal Council has decided on moving this refugee to a greater distance from the French frontier , until such time as it may be considered whether he ought not to be expelled from tbe Swiss territory . In the meantime tbe said Boichot , now living at Lausanne , is forbidden to res ide in t he can t ons of Berne , Fribour g , Solenre , Bale-Ville , Bale-Campagne , Argovie , Tessin , Vaud , Valais , Neufchatel , and Geneva . Should he present himself in your canton , you are to expel him from your territory , and send him to the interior of Switzerland .
« In the name of the Federal Council , ' H . Druby , President . 1 Von Moos , Vice-Chancellor . ' Letters from Fribourg of the 28 nd ult ., state that on that day two carriages filled with refugees ar . lived there . Tbe papers of a society call the Deuf . scher-Verein were seized on the same day at Geneva , and the delegates of the association arrested at Bienne .
ITALY . TUSCANY . —The Austrian courUmartial at Leg . born * has condemned a man named Fieri to two
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- ^ hard lab our , for having a shUtto and the Eel of a p istol about him . A merchant , II . Rotta sixty vears of age , has been co n d e mned to a ShVs imprisonment , for not havmg . given up a mu stet-barrei ; although in the sentence it , s declared that hewasnot ;> ware of ha ^ ng such a Sin his house . Another person . M . Giorgio , A n s uini , has been sentenced to a week * impnsonment 'for having in his possession certain port . ons of his fowling-pi ece , under- the -pretence of ! pre ventiB" the person now in possession of it , and not livine ^ Leg horn , from making a bad we of it . ' Let t ers from Leghorn , of the 26 th alt ., state that the whole " of the province of Leg horn has been placed in a state of siege , in c o n seq uence of some symptoms of disorder . S . T . ........ .....
LOMRARDY . —The Turin papers announce , without giving any explanation of the fact , that Mr . Campbell , t he Briti s h Consul a t Milan , had sudd e nl y struck his flag , and left for Switzerland . Tbe fact is correct that Mr . Campbell has taken down his fla g ; but t here is no t hi n g hostile in the proceeding , and the Consul has acted in conformity with the orders of his government . The explanation ( says the Paris correspondent of the' Chronicle' ) which I have received of the affair ,
from a quarter which ought to be well informed , is the following : —For some time past there bas been some difference between the Austrian and the other g o vernm e n t s , with respect to the right of consuls to exhibit flags . The Piedmontese Consul at Milan having expressed , after the conclusion of the peace between Piedmont and Austria , his intention to hoist the flag of his nation , and the Austrian government refused to permit him to do so . It seems that the Austrian * felt alarmed at the effect which the
appearance of the Italian tri-coloured flag , w hich hai now become the national flag of Piedmont , would have on the population of Milan , if it were allowed to be hoisted . On this account the Austrian government gave notice that it would not allow a flag to be exhibited at any of the consulates . Austria , it appears , contends that the consuls of foreign powers have the right to . hoist the flags of their nations in front of their consulate in seaports , but not in inland towns . Relying on this position , the Austrian authorities at Milan have insisted that all the consuls at Milan should lake down their flags . There being nothing in t en t ion a lly off e nsive in the proceedings , and it appearing , besides , that it is in conformity with the practice , not only in Eng . land , but in France and other countries , the whol e of the foreign consuls have agreed to take down their flag .
ROME . —Another military execution took place on tbe 26 th , ult on a man who was found carrying a knife on his person .
. . GERMANY . The following is from the pen of an enemy—tbe Berlin correspondent of the * Times ;'—In France funerals have been turned into political demonstrations ; here the Democrats have hit on the plan of making use of baptisms for the same purpose . A tailor first set the fashion by inviting all the Democrats of his district hy advertisement to the christening of his child ; the church was filled , and a
scand a lous sc e ne took place , the . congregation making all tbe responses en masse , accompanying them with * loud cheering , ' to the horror of the officiating minister . The proceedings closed by a fight outside with the constables and an active chase after some of the ringleaders . rThe success of the demonstration' was so decided that it has been repeated , and the 'Democratic Journal' now frequently contains those invitations to a ! party * christening .
HUNGARY AND AUSTRIA . ( From t h e ' Daily News . ' ) VIENNA , Feb . 25 . —I send a letter written by Count Leiningen to his sister-in-law , on t he day after his sentence to be hanged had been pronounced by the court-martial at Arad . That sentence was as yet a secret known only to his judges ; and I can conceive nothing more calculated to set this page of Austrian history in its true moral light than to cont emp late side by side on the one hand this natural outpouring of a noble heart , little suspecting the horrible doom so near j and , on the other , the instruments of a treacherous and bloody government getting ready tbeir halters and gibbets . This letter is also the most effectual answer to those dastardly calumnies which were industriously circulated against its victims by the organs of the Vienna cabinet . The ladr to whom the letter is addressed
is the sister of Count r Leiningen s widow , and the wife of Colonel Rohonesy , who escaped ,: indeed , with his life , but has been immured in a fortress , where he i s cond e mned to pine f o r ei ghteen years . : ' Dear , fcind Clara , —Your tidings about my little girl tranquillised me not a little ; for althoug h Lisa ( his wife ) , in her last letter , gave me a comforting account of her , I fancied that she kept back somewhat of tbe truth to avoid increasing my anxiety .
I am , notwithstanding , still uneasy about the poor little thing . Her health was always weak and the more I clung to the child , the more anxiously 1 watched her slow thriving . When I left ray family , I . had the best hopes , for my darling was then well and blooming , and began even to wax strong ; and now fresh attacks of illness shatter her delicate frame , and awake in me once more all my old appreheniions . If the tendance of a mother full ef love avail , wi t h God ' s help she will recover .
' Yesterday the court-martial sat , and my sentence among others was prsnounced . The nature of it is known only to the judges ; but , accordin g to the le t t e r of t he law , i t can onl y be a sentence of death . 1 You are rig ht , dear Clara , in supposing that I can bear willingly to be talked to about the doom which perhaps awaits me . In twenty battles I have looked dea t h in t he face , in the last ( God forgive me 1 ) I sought it . During six weeks I have had time enough to prepare for it ; and stood I alone ,
had I no family , I would even bid it welcome . Twice only during my imprisonment was I overcome by anguish , and tbenit wrung from me bitter tears . Once I wept about , my little girl ; and the other time when I was judicially examined on account , of that newspaper article . I had been long prepared : and yet when that slanderous letter , in the * Allgemeine Zei t un g' was read before me , my firmness abandoned me , pain and indignation shook me like a fever , and five minutes elapsed before I could utter a word . At the court-martial I asked the
auditor if I could hope to see myself quickly cleared in this matter . He answered , ' There is not a member of the court who gives credit to- the a r t icle , which is besides anonymous ; neither will it exercise the smallest influence upon your trial . ' I can say ' truly that I . have in the course of the war saved-many hundreds of Austrians , among whom not a few were officers . No one towards his soldiers was so strict as I . . Once , at Szolnok , I clove the skull of an Honved , who was about to shoot a Grenzer begging quarter on his knees ; yet was my good name not safe from sq abominable a defamat ion , but branded before all Europe . My nerves are not weak but they were shaken by this foul ' calumny : and it cost me some right heavy days .
' I a m now , I thank God , become as a stone to self and to the world : and fate bring what it may , will find me armed . You think , were I restored to freedom , " th ' at ~ 'I should become purer and better . We protestants , albeit we have no purgatory , believe that God Jays upon us trials , in which our moral strength must bear us up , in order that we may deserve his grace , [ consider in this light my . present situation , and I can assure you that the school of bitter undeceptions hashot passed over me without leaving some trace . Perhaps you are right , and I trust that I shall be a better man than heretofore .
'All your hopes of amnesty have already occup ied us here . It seems , ind e ed , probable that , after clemency has been shown in Italy , and even towards Peterwardein , the whole severity of the law ' will not be visited upon us alone . But I count upon nothing , and make to myself no illusions , For myself , I have no further solicitude , no fur t her hopes or wishes ; but I am beset with care and pain for the lot of those who ; belong to me . If I must die , I will die in the creed of my fathers , and with the courage of a Leiningen ; if I am set at liberty , there will breathe no happier man , nor any more thankful to God .
« You ask if your letters are agreeable to me , Can you doubt it ? Write , write long letters , each letter is a day lived happily through , for one reads and reads again to devour the expressions of affection which smile serenely upon the solitude of a prison ! If I do not always answer , or answer briefly , still write to me , dear Clara , as often as you have time to busy yourself with me . * Meanwhile , I am not usually so lonely as you think . Thoughts of whom I love keep me company and their images stand even before me ; and then the remembrances of an ever memorable year , whi c h I am endeavouring to fix on paper , occupy me , My day begins at seven and closes at nine ; and so solicitous am I about accurately observing tbe appor-
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tionment of time which I g ive to my several occupations ^ from brushing my clothes ( which j do , not from wan t of service , but of my own will ) up to reading , thinking , and writing , that hitherto I have kept e mmi at a distance . % May iGod protect you with his all-powerful arm , and dictate to you right many letters for your brother-in-law CHARtBS . ' ' Fortress of Arad , Sep t ., 1849 . ' Feb j 24 . —Your readers will remember . thatLieut .-General Count Lemberg ,-who was charged with full powers by the Emperor Ferdinand , was a s sa i l e d . by a ' furious mob on the bridge at Pesth , and that he perished pierced with " wounds . This lamentable tinnuiftnt < if time which I give to my several occu .
event , which was attributed to the Magyar party , took place in the month of September , 1848 ; and must have made sufficient noise at the time to be still in the recollection of your readers . One of the murderers , named Kolosy , a Wallachian , was executed three weeks , ago . ; The proceedings at his trial , which should have been published , have remained a secret , and the authorities only inform the public t h at t he confessi o ns made by t he cond e mn e d charge' —Kossuth , the scapegoat , with having arranged the whole affair . However respectable is this allegation of fie Austrian authorities , it is not sufficient for the public , who are accustomed to such charges , and therefore require somewhat ' better proof of his guilt .
Two or three months after the murder of Count Lemberg , another , and equally horrible assassination was committed in Sclavonia which has been concealed with the greatest possible care . The victim on that occasion was a Count Elz , a member of a very noble Bavarian family , and the son-in-law of Count Pejacericb , a Hungarian Magnate , Count Elz lived upon his property close to Essek , and had remained a perfect stranger to the ; political agitations in Hungary ; if he possessed any political op iiions at all—which is held to be doubtful—they must have been similar to those entertained by the other members of his family , nearly all of whom be . long to the imperial party , to the cause of order and legitimacy , to the honest men , the men of iriodera .
t ion . as the Austrians pleasantly style themselves , while they are hanging and shooting their fellow men by . the doz * n . This Count Elz , however , became suspected , possibly because he abstained from all interference in political matters . His chateau was invaded one d ay by th e i m pe r i al * G renze r , ' who are Croatian or Wallachian soldiers employed to guarding the frontiers : they seized upon the count's papers , without , however , discovering even the shadow of culpability : Nevertheless , h e was seized and hurried into the garden by these infamous soldiers , and there exposed to a cross fire ,: under the eyes of a major and several other officers . The count , however , still breathed , when'one of the monsters stifled hirri by forcing a handful of tobaccp down his throat .
The Vienna correspondent of the' Daily News ' write as follows : —We see daily large convoys of the prisoners condemned at Arad or at Pesth p a s s ing to Ollmutz and Spielberg , or the other fortresses in Bohemia , there to suffer the cruel punishments inflicted on them for having attempted to promote the freedom of their country .
THE GREEK QUESTION . Malta , Feb ; 22 . —The Neapolitan steam-fri gate Ercole arrived here on the 19 th , from Palermo and Lampedusa . Upwards of seventy vessels took advantage of shift of wind and fine weather yesterday to put to sea . Among them were seventeen bound to Cork , with wheat andlndian corn . During last night t he wind shif t ed again to the westward , blow , ing fresh , and no doubt the greater part will put back « gain . Some of the vessels having'been trying since the middle of December last to get to the westward , but without success .
A Iettar received last night from Athens , by tbe French steamer Leonidas , to the 18 tb , states t ^ at the Greek question is in statu quo , the government having decided to wait for and act upon the opinions of the courts of Paris and St . Petersburgb . Meanwhile all commerce is impeded ; every vessel caught at sea or in harbour under Greek colours is immediately taken to the Bay of Salarais , and placed under the guns of the fleet . There are upwards of eighty vessels thus detained . The Greek corvettes , Amalia and Ludovico , said to have been captured \ y the English cruiserg , are still at liberty . One is re . ported to be at Previsa , and t he o t her at S a lonica , no doubt they are in some neutral port , where they cannot bs touched . Some of the Greek journals are very severe in their attack upon the English . The poet Alexander Soutzo has written an article in the \ Siecle , ' intituled' The impious English . '
See ( says he ) these ravishers , these Cartbagenians , who have seized the shi ps of Greece . The froth of their ciime can be seen floating on the sea ; but , whilst a single Greek exists , he will hand down to his posterity a relation of this disastrous epojh . Courage , my friends , courage ! There is a God in heaven , and the earth has hot been given up to the t yranny of Grea t Bri t ian , like tbe sea . Dip lomacy at Athens and at Constantinople isgenerously . working in our favour . Already are steamers ploughing the waves , and carrying to other courts the news of this crime of England . Behold the Emperor
Nicholas raising masses of men to crush the Ottoman . Ci t izens of fr ee G r e ec e , prepare yourselves . The English compel us to become another Alexander , to cut tkia Gordian knot—this important eastern question . Let us recommence the war , and the nation become an entire army ! Let us , under t h e au s p ices of France , Austria , and Germany , restore the empire of the great Constantine , and thus be in possession of Western Greece from the Eurotas to Istra , and of Eastern Greece from the Nile to the Euxine , with three capitals—Athens , the seat of learning ; Constantinople , the spat of government ; and Jerusalem , the seat of reli gion .
'The Pirscus is still blockaded ; no Greek vessel can leave . The Bulldog steamer has blockaded Syra . General Mamouri , aide-de-camp to the king , and military caramandant at Phthiotide , published an appeal to arms to the people of his department ; when Otho heard of it he immediatel y re m oved him from hit command . The islands of Sapienxa and Cervi have not yet been made a subject of discussion '; they will remain until the present question is ' settled , when , it is said , Great Britain will take possession . . of thera by force if denied by the Greek government . The cold at Salonica has been intense the thermometer for days standing at from 10 to 14 deg . below Zero .
The Paris 'Patrie * of Sunday evening says : — 'We have announced that M . de Brunow has received in London the order of the Russian government to act in the Greek question in concert with the French ambassador . The note in which these instructions were given arrived in Paris yesterday , and was read by M . de Kisseleff to the minister of foreign affairs . We are assured that it expresses great dissatisfaction at the proceeding of Lord Palmeraton towards Greece . The note commences with these words : — 'The Emperor , my master , has learned with a surprise mingled with indignation , etc ., ' and ending
with the following : — ' You will ask Lord Palmerston to what extent he proposes to employ force in support of his demands , in order that the allies of King Otho may occupy themselves with the means of guaran t eeing his independence and that of bis people . ' The 'All gemeine Zei t ung ' ( Augsbur g ) has a telegraphic message from Vienna of the 27 th ult ., which States that intelligence had just reached that capital from Athens of the 20 th of February . The coercive measures of England were to cease immediately . The blockade is said to have been removed on the 20 vh . '
TURKEY . Our dates from Constantinople are to tbe 13 th of February . Count Sturmer persists in bis demand that the refugees should be detained in the interior during five years , and the Porte is equally firm in its refusal to comply with a condition so derogatory to its dignity .. For the present the internated refugees will be transported to Broussa , from whence , when the season grows milder , they will proceed to Kintayeh . The usually welUnformed correspondent of the' Wanderer' states that the Russians are to oc Transy lvania .
cupv PERSIA . Dates from Teheran , of Jan . 2 , state that the capital has once again been the theatre of a popular commotion . A few days previous to the above date the people proceeded in a large body to the house , of the Imaum Djouma , in order to engage him to ac > company thera to the Shah , and induce his Majesty to sign the destitution of Mirzah Tagbi Khan , the prime minister . The Imaum quitted his residence without giving any sign of acquiescence or refusal .
Upon this the populace dispersed , bu t announced the firm determination of actiag with greater success another time . This movement was followed by several arrest ? ! the most remarkable of which are that of Suleiman Khan , the king ' s maternal uncle ; Ibrahim Halil Khan , ex-commander of the army of Khofasan ; Hussan Khan , chief of the staff ; and a number of persons accused or suspected of being accomplices . Although public tranquillity had not been troubled popular discontent was not smothered .
And It Is More Than ^Probable Tbat:;;Ere...
and it is more than ^ probable tbat : ;; ere ^ long the p eople , encouraged as they are ; by-the clergy , will act in a decided manner , which will cause a general revolution , iri Persia . » All sympathise with the Hadji , the more as at the time of-his nomination to the ministry he was considered as the future regenerator of Persia . ' i ;; . ' -. and it is more than jprobable tnat : ; ere « long the
UNITED STATES . —CALIFORNIA . The Europa , Captain Leitch , has arrived at Liverpool with'dates from- New , York- to the 20 th , and Halifax to the \ 23 rd ult ; Among the passengers were the son of Lord Stanley , and Mr . Crompton , late British charge . d ' affaires at Wa & hiiigten . The proceedings in Congress , during the time that bad elapsed from the despatch of the' p revious mail , are fairly stated in the following resume of the ' New York Tribune ' — The attention of Congress for the last fortni gh t has been princi pally occupied with the subject of slavery . Mr . Clay ' s s p eech , in Support of his compromise , resolutions , was an elaborate and powerful performance , distinguished
for its concilia ' ory and temperate spirit , and exhibiti n g the earne st , vi g orous , and impre ss ive e l o qu e nc e , for which-that eminent statesman is justly celebrated . Among the opponents of Mr . Clay on the ques t ion of c o mpromis e , Mr . Davies , of Mis s i ss i ppi , has been conspicuous . His speech oh the subject took the strongest ground in favour of slavery ; contended that it was a wise and useful institution ; sanctioned by the dtity , and not repugnant to humanity ; that it not drily belongs to the respective stales in which it exists , but to the whole United States ; and that it is necessarily involved in the constitution of the Union . He assumed the legal existence of slavery in California : and Mexico , and
that the Mexican laws for its abolition were destitute of validity . Mr . Buller , of South Carolina , has maintained similar views , fn a vehement speech , declaring that the interests of his constituents were of more importance than the preservation of the Uni o n , atid " warml y opposing the admission of California with her present constitution and boundaries . Mr . Horace Mann , of Massachusetts , has spoken with great ability in tbe house of Representatives on the other side of the question , describing the effect on Southern interests of a dissolution of the Union , and declaring that no motives could compel the acquiescence of the north , in the further extension of slavery . The last important ; speech in Opposition to'Mr . Clay , was made in the senate on Monday , by
Mr . Downs , of La . ; He contended that the prohibition of Slavery in the California constitution was owing to the interference of the executive . In the house a motion has been made to instruct the committee on territories to report a bill for the admission of California with the boundaries described in her constitution . An effort was made b y the s - u t he r n members to lay this on the table , but without success , The whole question labours under complications of a difficult ; character ; . no exer t ions are spared by the champions of slavery to prevent the admission of California ; but it can scarcely be doub t ed t hat t hey will prove ineffectual , and that California will be received , without much further delay , as a free state .
The telegraphic correspondence of the New York journals bring down the proceedings in the legislature to the 19 th ult . The debate in the Senate on Mr , Clay's motion had been again adjourned . The House of Representatives had gone into committee of the whole house on the President ' s message , and adjourned after hearing Mr . Venable , Mr . Campbell , ( of Ohio , ) arid Mr . M'Lanahan .
CALIFORNIA . Philadeiphia , Ffb . 18 . —The yellow feverthat is , the rage for emigration to California—is now wilder , than ever , owing to the arrival of tae steam-ship Empire City from Chagres , with full two millions of dollars in California gold dust—1 , 133 , 647 . dollars on consignment , and 900 , 000 dollars in the trunks and pockets of passengers . And this noble steamer has not been' alone in her glory , ' for since the last English steamer sailed from this country there have been in all five arrivals from Chagres , with passengers and gold , thus : —
Dollars . . Empire City , steamer .... .. 2 , 000 , 000 Alabama , ditto 300 , 000 , Ohio , ditto 50 o ooo Falcon , ditto ............ 500 , 000 Cherokee ( 110 , 000 dols . consigned , and 00 , 000 dols . by passengers ) ... 200 , 000 : Total ............... 3 , 500 , 000 The wealth of California ,. therefore , now begins to flow in abundantly ; yet it should be remembered
that large sums might have been anticipated at t > e close of the digging season . The next arrivals also are expected to be laden with a rich aureal freight . The Em p ire Ci t y brough t t he la t est news , her d at es being from San Francisco to 1 st'January inclusive . Her advices are certainly important , The Legislature of California : met on the 17 th of December , when Governor Burnett was duly inaugurated . Besides several able recommendations in relation to the finances of California , a system of laws is suggested , and the Governor advises : —
1 . The definition of crimes and misdemeanors contained in the common law of England . 2 . The English law of evidence . 3 . The English commercial law . 4 . The civil code of the State of Louisiana . 5 . The Louisiana code of practice . Colonel Fremont and Colonel Gwynne Were fleeted senators from California tothe United States Federal g overnmen t , by t he Assembl j-. Mr . George W . Wright and Mr . E . Gilbert were elected by the people of California as their representatives in the House of Representatives at Washington , The State
government of California is now completely formed in all i t s branches , civil , financial , and political , and the L e g islature was in full session at the latest dates . The mining op e rat ions ar e sus p end e d , owing to the rainy season , and they wi ' . l hardly be resumed until April . The Panama Star' g ives the following as t he a m o unt of gold which bas crossed tbe Isthmus fr o m C a lif or nia , a nd silv e r f r om Sou t h America , from the- 1 st of October to tbe 1 st of January : — D o ll a rs . By Zachnsson , Nelson , and Co .. ,. 2 , 095 , 8 d 4 08 R . M . Steamship Co 767 , 000 00 Fl-ivato individuals ( estimated ) ... 2 , 500 , 000 00
Total 5 , 302 , 844 08 Gold and silver by R . M . S . S . Co ., from S . Am ., Mexico , & c ...... .. 4 , 000 , 000 00 Making the sum total of ...... 9 , 3 G 2 , 844 08 There had be e n a dreadful confl a gra t ion a t S a n Francisco on the 24 th of December , in which o n e half of the city was destroyed ! The loss is estimated a t from 1 , 500 , 000 dols , to 2 , 000 , 000 dols . The frame building s , with painted cotton and oilcloth ceilings and roofs caused the flame to spread with unexampled fury , and t he fire was no t arres t ed until several houses had been ; blown up with gunpowder . Fortunately no lives were lost at the fire , but the distress of labourers and miners , without means , who bad flocked into tbe town , where t h e y wandered in sickness , and without shelter , bas been greatly aggravated . Hundreds are described , by
several letter writers , as wandering about San Francisco , knee-deep in mud , drenched with deluges of rains shaking with fever and ague , and literally wi t hou t food to eat , except from charity , and with out a place whereon to lay their heads . Such is the account of a ' Returned Goldseeker' to the ' Boston Traveller . ' Vast amounts of " dry goods and other articles , he says ,, are lying about in heaps ,. wet and entirely ruined with rain ; and bespeaks sorrowfully of t he suff er in g , misery , and death in San Francisco . He says the newspapers there do not record all the deaths . He was told by the superintendent of bu r i a ls of t ha t t own , that from sixty to seventy died weekl y , and th at f ro m six to ei ght were dail y bu r ied
at the expense ofthe city , they having no friends to care for them while sick , or to bury thera when dead . Many persons , have come down from the mines enfeebled , without money , friends , or home . They wander about the town , and often sustain life by digging clams and muscles upon the sea shore , and by fishin g , finding a lodging at nig ht perhaps in the tent of a friend ; if not , - in the open street . Th e late fi r e , by decreasing the number of buildings at the moment that the population was rapidly in-Creasing , has added greatly to the suffering of this class of persons . Such was the state of San Francisco at the commencement of the new year . It certainly is not a very inviting picture .
I am sorry to add , that an equally destructive fire , in proportion to the size of the town , has occurred at Stockton , where an immense hotel and several other buildings were destroyed on the same 24 th day of December , In your accompanying reports of the California markets , you will observe references to the prices of wooden h o use s a n d lumb e r ; bu t , in addition to the information therein contained , I would remark that t have been informed by passengers foora San Francisco that thers is not so great a rise on timber dwellings as had been anticipated . The people there are more than ever anxious for iron houses . The conflagration has taught thera a fearful lesson , On the day that the Empire City arrived , a friend of
And It Is More Than ^Probable Tbat:;;Ere...
mine in Philadelphia was offered ' a numb ' erof frame ; houses and a quantity of lutnbei ' . fo r 6 . 50 f > dols ., bufc he would riot give -niore t han 6 , 000 dols . A shr ew d merchant , howev e r , who had doubtless re . ceived a telegraphic despatch , instantl y bought them , and paid the full . ' price demanded . In an hour they were worth nearly 10 , 000 dols . One > house speculation in New , York , on the same day sold at cent .. per . cent .: profit ; and Mr . Carman ^ lumber merchan t , of Camden , has just refused fifty per cent , profit on a venture he sent out to Calil fornia four months ago . His houses are , of course likely to arrive there in about a month or six weeks after the conflagration , and sell they must , as the mine in Philadelphiawas offeredanumlj ' erofframpi
matter is reduced to ' Hobson s choice '—wooden , houses or none . It will be , at least , a year before there can be anything Iike . an adequate supply of iron , houses . A nti quarians will feel deep ly interested in thediscovery of vast regions of ancient ruins near San Diego , and within a day ' s march of the Pacific-Oc e an ,- at the head of the Gulf of California . p or tions of temples , dw e llings , lofty atone pyramid ^ ( seven of these within a mile square , ) and massive granite rings or circular walls , round venerable t rees , columns and blocks of hieroglyphics—all speak of some ancient race of men now for ever
gone their history actually unknown to any of the existing families of mankind . In some points , these ruins resemble the recently-discovered cities of p . l e nque . & c , near the Atlantic or Muxican Gul £ coast ; in others , the rui n s of ancien t E gypt ; in . others , again , themonuaieiits of Phoenicia ; and yet in many fea t ur e s t hey differ from all that I have referred to . I observe that the discoverers deem them to be antediluvian , while the present Indians have a tradition of a great civilised nation , which their ferocious forefathers utterly destroyed The region of the ruins is called by the Indians ' t he Valley of Mystery . '
Amazing Success O P T H E N E W Mode Op Treatment Which Has Never Airpn
AMAZING SUCCESS O P T H E N E W MODE OP TREATMENT WHICH HAS NEVER Airpn
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. ^ iut jsu liAUiiiilt , 108 , Great Bus , J- / sell-street , Bloomsbury-square , London , ( near the British Museum ) , having had a vast amount of practice a ? the various hospitals in London and on the Continent i « enabled to treat with the utmost certainty of care everr variety of disease arising from solitary and setl ' entarw habits , indiscriminate excesses , and infections , such ak gonorrhoea , gleet , strictures , and syphilis , or venerea ! disease , in all its various forms and stages , whether nri ^ n ^ L r ° " darj > i wh - id \ ° ^' i ' 't 0 neS'ect ° r improper treatment , invariably end in gout , rheumatism , skin diseases , gravel pains m the kidneys , back , and loins ami inally an agonising ^ death ! Tlulamentable . 5 ct ^ tins class of diseases by medical men in general is too well known , and their attempts to cure by means of such dangerous medicines , as mercury , copaiba cubebs , Ac , hava produced the most deplorable results . All sufferers are earnestly invited to appl y at once to Dr . Barker , as ho guarantees to all a speedy and perfect cure , and the era . dicauonofeTerysympton , whether primary or secondary . without the
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If Mankind are liable to one disease more than another , or if there are any particular affections of the human bodj we require to have a knowledge of over the rest , it is cer . tainly that class of disorders treated of in the new and imj proved edition of the " Silent Friend . " The authors , in thus sending forth to the world another edition of their medical work , cannot refrain from expressing their grati » fication at the continual success attending their efforts , which , combined with the assistance of medicines , exclu . sively of their own preparation , have been tho happy cause of mitigating and averting the mental and physicalmiseries attendant on those peculiar disorders ; thus proving the fact , that suffering humanity must always derive the greatest advantage from duly qualified members ofthe medical pro . fessinn adopting a particular clase of disorders for their exclusive study , in preference to a superficial knowledge ot all the diseases that afflict mankind . Messrs . -R . and L . l ' eriy can with confidence offer hope , energy , and vigour , to those whose constitutions have become debilitated from
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), March 9, 1850, page 2, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse2.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns2_09031850/page/2/
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