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* ,_ ¦ , ,.^. . - - ..-. " • THB NORTHER...
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AN EFFECTUAL CURB FOR pH®> . £ibt¥LAS, &c
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DELEGATE D TAXATION; BI WIMMM HOWlir, ff...
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Pbojectbd Improvements i.v the Post-offi...
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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* ,_ ¦ , ,.^. . - - ..-. " • Thb Norther...
* , _ ¦ , ,. ^ . . - - ..-. " THB NORTHERN ST ^ R . " _ ' Octobbr 9 , 184 ? .
An Effectual Curb For Ph®≫ . £Ibt¥Las, &C
AN EFFECTUAL CURB FOR pH ®> £ ibt ¥ LAS , & c
Ad00206
ABERHETayS VB & OBHSSBHT . . t _ , a - ai-.., » » c ri , » p ; i «» and co » y jaativels ' b'Sw rew « f the afflicted hnv « been petma' » i ^^ - aH 0 XWM wf ™^ iSlrtdm * rJfcV * d 3 EE Arises fromfhe , « e of powerful aperierfs to . ^ ycuredhy . orcunary appeals to medical Etaui w . •^ mul ' aedicine should always be avoided in all cases ^^ a Sa ^^ t ^ hi th fVto ^ o ^^ ^ x \ "gJ ^ JiW acute suffering , placed himself under tho a £ this complaint . Tfae propnetor of fte a bove vn ^^ yn , . ^ j ^ rfcct heahh | and tlms enjoyeditever t « atmentofttatcnuuentsurgc « n , MrADerwvoy I ^ joy 6 riodef fi p > Qen jearSj during which time the same Abersm ^ without ttestig htestretura of h »« 5 ™" ; »»» j " ; * timber of desperate cases , both im and out of the pro-» elhumprescrrpti « n has been the mesms « jeawvr " nnder me 4 ical Care , and some of them for a very conmjietor's circles of friends , most <*™™ " ^ rSSo daeed to 'ie public by thedesire ofmaay who had beenpertaerabletmie . .- At »« "ethrtB * «^ « t ^ ™*^ - 1 hft fame p oftl , ig ointment has spread far and wide ; even ] edJy healed by its app lication , ana HP -M ^ « £ ac ^ foTdedge the virtues » f any mediciie ik * prepared * y them-^ Medieal ? r . f « sion , aly ^ s stoy ^ dunwuira 5 rfle ointraent isnot 8 nly a Taimahtepreparation , but a Bilve « , donow freely and fraaUy ' •^^^ 'g ^ Spallingmalady . iwerfaaiag NaedjweveryftB ^ ^^^ trjaL Muldtudes ofcase 8 <* efficacy might Sufierersfrom the piles vaU Tot repent « " « % |^ der those wh have bee * cured ttuwilling to publish ; Be produced if the nature of the comP » ia * < ca « » u tKar names . . ft oaarflify of three 4 s . 6 d . pots h one for lis , wifb : 4 « U directions for use , try Boldimwve « 4 ro ^« 6 Uorweq «^ " J ^ eet , Hoxton , Sew Town , Iond « s whera also can be r « ared iVKinft (^» ^ oT ^ nrl ' diVecifrm ^« rig inalmakers , with an allowance ontaki « gs « at a time . . e « ry ¥ *&* Xeiin F £ ^ ^ Rv 1 tfrrt * S FILE OINTMENT . The Public aw requested to be on their guard * # « Be sure to «** " ? . - AB ^ , r _ . - -the . , na t » observe that none can p « sably he genuine , unless tbe nam * Sl ^ StSTrnXv ^^^ « . 6 d , wWA « o -lowe 8 t price tho c <* r « tor *> £ ^ to ^ it « t , < - iv « ingtothe gr ^ t <« peiBo of theingredieat 8 .
Ad00207
COSNS AND BUNIONS . PAUL'S EVERT BAN'S FRIEND , ayfrtmsKibs the EeyA Family , A * obHi $ j , "Okrgy , . to -, em ***! sneedv Cure f « rthose - se « re annoyances , without causing « he Ieastipnn or inconvenience . JTjjKke all JfteriSe ^ fOTComa , itsoperaUon is such as to render the cutting-of Corns j Aogther uimecessaTy-yindeed , we v ^ f ^ Sa ^ w ofcv ^ g Corns is atall times highly dangeroBS ^ nd has ibcen frequently attended-. w , th la-^ taWeconsSces , beRde & s'lubility to increase their growth ;* adheres ™ ththe most ^ pnnire , pro . ^^ fcmS wd ddi gtXfulreUef fromVture , and , with perseverance im ;» ts application , entirely eradicates the ^ TSoShS ^ SSvfem upwards of m > toM * V * d *^ J ^ as tomKany ^ Ders-bfb dihAriiyandNavy , and nea ^ yoae - thousaud private letters from the gentryin f evUraad country , speaking in high terms of this valuable remedy . . „ ., „ .,. iSSSSSfflUFo * . ia Knee ! at Is . lid ., or thwe small boxes » . nj'for 2 s . 14 , and to he had w £ hi full direc ^^ 5 Jr iri ™ V ,. -34 tTanier-stroet Eoston New Town . London , - ;* nd all wholesale and retail medicine JK ^^ e ^^ SSS . h afthe nameof * ta 3 ? o * oa ^ he stamp . 2 s . 9 < L Box-eure s the most
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TWENTY-FIFTH EDITION . 1 Illustrated by Tweatj . six Auatomical Engravings on Ot Plusied IfegtiflliJifnUfliii , GeneratiM Incapacity , and ; Sfapediments to Marriage . ] Anew and improved edition , enlarged to 196 pages , price ; is . 6 d . ; by post , direct from the Establishment , UB . Cd . j in postage stamps , _ THE SILENT FRIEND ; ; Amedicalwerfroatae exhaustion and physical decay oft the system , proteccd by excessive indulgence ^ the conse-. qoences « f infection , or the abuse of mercury , with : observatioasotftie married state , and tha disqualifies- ! tlons which prevent it ; illustrated by 26 coloured en . ? gravings , asd'iiy the detail of cases . By B , and L . | FERRY and Go . 19 , Beraers-streer , Oxford street , Loa-j ityn . Published by the authors , and sold by Strange , 2 l , f Paternoster ? oc ; Hannay , 63 , and Sanger , 158 . Oxferd-V . street ; Stace , 2 S . Tichborne-street , tfaymarket ; * nd { Gordon , ! £€ , Leadenhall-street , London ; J . and R . ' Baimes , and - <& ., Leithwalk , Edinburgh ; D . Campbell Argyll-= treet , 'Glasgow ; J . Priestly , Lord-street , and T . Kevrton , Cherch-street , Liverpool ; R . H . Ingham , ; 21 arket-plaoe , Manchester . ' { Part the First , ' Is dedicated to the consideration of the Anatomy Andj ^ lijsiolugy cc « ti : e origans which are directly or indirectl y ^ engaged in the process of reproduction . It is illustrated 6 y six coknxed engravings . Part the Second ; Treats of the infirmities and decay of the system pro-j dnced by < wer-iiidulgence ef the passions , andby theprac tice ofsottary gratification . It shows clearly tbe man-, ner in whlctuhe baneful consequences of this indulgence operate on the economy in the impairment and destruc-i tion of the-social and vital powers . The existence of ) nervous and sexual debility and incapacity , with their ac ; companjiRg : train of symptoms and disorders , are traced ! by the chain of connecting results to their caose . This ' selection concludes vrithun explicit detail of the means by j TvhJch these effects may be remedied , and fall and Ample ! directions 'fur their use . It is illustrated by three ; coloured engravings , which fully display the effects of physicaldecaj . Part the Third . tales accurate descrition of the diseases caused
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DISPENSARY FOR THE CURE OP DISEASES OF IflE SKIN AND ALL CUTANEOUS AFFECTIONS , UiMPlTElD SlKEET , FlTZROV Sq . HK . Piysxh *—THOMAS INNIS , M . D ., 33 . Fdzroy S 3 « o « , J & mberofthe Royal College of Bargeont , London ; late Assistant Surgeon in ihe . Son . East India , Company ' s Service . JT IS a strange anemalyin tho practice and progress of medical science ia this country , that amongst all < the benevolent and noble institutions established for the allariation of human misery , there exists but one devoted to the cure or ameaoration of Diseases of the Skin . Ii ds a < truth well knowa to the members of the faculty , that the rav iges < f these stubborn and enduring plaguts of human life a re more extensive than those of any other in 6 wn disorder , there being little short of half-a-million of patjecte annually seeking relief . If we turn our eyes to France « e shall find the importance of this subject iuly recognised , aud the exertions of men of science nobly countenanced and encouraged by the National Funds . Referring to the Hospital of St . Louis- * magtiificent institution devoted to the cure of Skia Diseases , -lever Surgeon of the present diy writes thus : — Since a . --ate has rioted over the labours of BatemaB , the the fc . ¦* Diseasesof tht Ski « in this country , as a assculture .- - of Jfetejl Science , has slept . Not so in tinct braacu -orBSsjr ^ successor , each equally eminent France : uicest has j ^ dgd through the moving panowith Tris pTtcursor , ^ g ^ Lorry to our own , till St i a -19 . of ife . from the , ^ j ^ , deserving of fame t" a-i I , uis Hospital has beeom .. -, fi that magnificent esta-St i oui-i tue tutelary shade hlishmint . ' i „»« . i ,:. "ountry which we are Surely here is an example to this . -tia / feni . that the boand i . alottsly to emulate . The Wi- ** f fi 8 i »
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; mportance and necessity of . a-simlar establishment in England can never be too ranch insisted upon . The peculiar nature of tbe diseases in question , and the almost in armouutable difficulty of acquiring accurate knowledge as to their modes of treatment—connected with the immense numbers of the suffering parties—render ; this desideratum actually the greatest under which these islands at present labour , in a sanatory point oi view . These diseases are" 80 numerous and multiform in appetrance and effect , and present such an infinite variety in diagnosis , that it is hopeless to expect any approach to specific remedies from the uncertain results of individual and scattered practice . Notwithstanding the laudable endeavours of the various British Authors who have written upon this subjectand the highest talent has not been wanting in the respect—still , of actual curative progress little or nothing has been achieved ; and this , plainly , from the want of a'theatre of action , where the operations and results of curative appliances might be ocularly tested , compared , and treasured up i « the garner of experience . Hear Dr Watson on this subject : — To become expert , ' says he , ' . in the diagnosis of these blemishes , and in curing such of them as are curable by oar art , you must see them jritt your own eyes . Verbal descriptions of their change , fal characters are of comparativ . ly little service or in . rterest . They err among tae tilings that require to be ' MidUsul ^ etta . JideUbai . ' Been pictured representatioas convey but an inadequate notion of the morbid appearances thty are designed to pourtray . The lecturer on Skin Diseases should have patients before him to whose bodies he could point . ' The opinions of all practical men concnr as to the soundness of these views . Writers may classify and sub-classify , and arrange under * gtnera and species , as the lato Dr Wilian and his pupil , Dr Bateman , have done , with consummate skill and unwearied lindustry , but wanting the means of reference to actual cases and personal observation and comparison , their efforts are thrown away , and the ravages of disease una-. -hatcd .
Ad00211
. , ^ . 4 & 9 >< v Instant Be ] i » f and speedy ISranuHgffiKiSr Hoarseness , Asthma , HoopjMBB ^ JBgaWsMLJ tag Cough , Influenza , Conni » mu " - « Ji »* i . jjw -w » sumption , 4 c , by BROOKE'S MELLIFLUOUS COUGH BALSAM . EVERY family ought to keep a constant supply of the medicine , which is prepared from ingredients of this most healing , softening , and expectorating qualities , is a irich and plesant pectoral balsam , and has been given in uamerous cases with singular success . The extraordi-: oary power whichnt possesses in immediately relieving , and eventually curing , the most obstinate coughs , colds ) ^ hoarseness , asthma ^ and all complaints of the breath , is almost incredible , bat will be folly pioved on trial . Intthatunpleasant-. tickling cough , which deprives the sufferer so constantly , of rest , it will be found invaluable , as it > instantly allays the irritation , a single dose affording immediate relief , aud ia mest cases a single bottle effects : n permanent cure . fForthe hooping cougiJ . it will be found an invaluable remedy , depriving thosetiiarrassing spasmodic paroxysms ¦ of < their violence , aud ftsra its powerful expectorant and healing Dualities , speedfly . effecting a complete cure . ( During the periodical attacks of the influenza , which have so . often occurred staring the winter , manyindi-. vidoalsiji . are expressed toihe proprietors that they have received material relief from , its use , aud itmaj be re ^ commendedas a remedy ofithe first importance iu-that disease .
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" ' And sold wholesale by them ; Messrs Barclay and Sons , Farringdon street ; Hannay and Co ., Oxford-slroet ; I Davy . Mackmnrdo and Co .,, Upper Thameiwitrcet ; an ^ Thomas iMarsden and ' Sons , Queen-street , Lond ' ThomasEyro andCo ., LiverpooL , Bolton , Blanchard . and Co , i York . And retail by all respectable patent me- ' iidne Vendors .
Ad00213
- ; ; FRAMPTON'S PILL OF HE ALT fl . Price Is l ^ d per box . THIS excellent Family PILL is a Medicino . of tongJGried efficacy for correcting all disorders of . the Stemach and Bowels , the common symptoms of wlifch are fJesliveness , 'Flatulency , Spasms , Loss of appetite , SickHc .-dache , Giddiness , Sense of Fulness after meals , Dfeness of fee Eyes , Drowsiness , attd Pains iA the Stomach and Bowels : Indigestion , producing a Torpid state of tho Jtiver , and a consequent inactivity of . the Bowels , causing a disorganisation of every function « f tho frame , will in this most excellent preparation , by a little perseverance , * e effectually removed . Two or three doses will convince tho afflicted of its Httutary effect . The stomach will speedily regain its straight ; a healthy action of the liver , bowels , and kidneys frill rapidly take place ; and instead of listlessness , heat , fain , and jaundiced appearance , strength , activity ,. and renewed health , will be tho quick result ot taking this medicine , according to the directions accompanying « aoh box . These Pills sve ^ sxticularly efficacious for Stomach , Coughs , Colds , Agaes ; Shortness of Breath , and all Obstructions of tho Urinary Passages ; and , if taken after too free an indulgence at table , they quickly restore the system to its natural state of repose . Persons ¦ of % FULL HABIT , who are subject to Headache , Giddiness , Drowsiness , and Singing in the Ears , arising from too great a flow of Bloodto the Herd , should never be without them , as many dangerous sj mptons will he entirely'carried off by their immediate use . To MOTi & ERS they are confidently recommended as the best medicine tbat can be taken during pregnancy and for children of all ages they are unequalled . As a pleasant , safe , and easy Aperient , they unite the recommendation of a mild operation with the most sue cessful effect ; and require no restraint of diet , or confine , mentduring their use . By regulating the dose , according to the age and strength of the patient , they become suitable for every case , in either sex , that can bo re-1 quired . ; and for ELDERLY PEOPLE they will be found to he the most comfortable niediolne hitherto prepared . Sold by Thomas Front , S 29 , Strand , London , and by his appointment by And all respectable Medicine Venders throughout the ' United Kingdom . Price 2 s . 9 d . per box . Heaton , Hay , Lard , Haigh , Baines and Newsome , Smeeton , Bernhardt , Horner , Rushworth , Stavelly , and ' Brown , Leeds ; Brooke , Dewsbury ; Bolton and Co ., Sbackleton , Burdekin , Butterfield , Clark , Fall , and liar , grove , York ; Brooke and Co ., Walker and Co ., Hartley , and Dunhill , Doncaster ; Judson , llipon ; Foggitt , Coates , ' , Thompson , Thirsk ; Wiley , Easingwold ; Spivey , Rudders' field ; Ward , Richmond ; Sweeting , Knaresborough ; Har . son , and Wilson , Darlington ; Dixon , Metcalfe , Langdale , Northallerton ; Rhodes , ; Snaith ; Spinks and Pannett , Tadcarter ; Rogerson , Hick , Sharp , aud Stick , Bradford ; . Arnall and Co ., Wainwright , Brice , and Priestley , Pontefract ; Cordwell and Smith , Wakefield ; Sutter , Leyland , Hartley , T r enton , Dyer , and Lofthouse , Halifax ; 1 Booth , Roch >' ak ; Lambert , Boroughbrldge ; Dalby and Swales , Wetherby ; Waite , Harrowgate ; Wall , Barnsley ; i Atkinson , Brighouse . , Ask for FRAMPTON'S PILL OF HEALTH , and ob-. serve tbe name and address of " Thomas Prout , 229 , ! Strand , London , " on the government stamp .
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A ROMANCE OF LOVE AND MARRIAGE . Coachmen and guards—guards in particular—time out of mind , have been proverbial for their gallantry ; and events justify the conclusion that the modern race do no dishonour to their predecesiora in this particular . It is not , therefore , to be wondered at that Mr Robert Moore , guard of the London and Holyhead mail , as he passed every day through the Abbey Fore-gate , Shrewsbury , looked with some inte . rest , which probably displayed itself in his countenance , at the possessor of a pair of fine eyes which peered regularly from the window , as the coach rattled through the street . The admiring look gradually expanded to a smi ! e , and then he ventured on a bow of friendly recognition , which was coquettishly but unmistakeably returned . This was in tho month of April . A week or two of this pantomimic courtship passed , when an opportunity occurred , which brought them into more immediate contact . As the coach dashed along the street the lady was absent from the window ; but on the road stood a well-known female figure , which requested to be conveyed to Welsh Pool . She was incited to take her seat by the guard , and from that moment be was a doomed man . In the course of an interesting conversation she Inadvertently let drop a few expressions which showed that ' she was the widow of Colonel Tripp , allied to a noble family , and left with a very handsome maintenance . She was lonely , however , and amused herself with her brother ' s children . Mr Moore naturally felt increased interest in the lady , was highly delighted with her manner and conversation , and parted with her with much regret . They met again ; the favourable impression she had made on him at first was deepened ; interviews were more frequent , and at length he asked the important question , and was after a considerable amount of hesitation , accepted . As was due to the lady of Colonel Tripp , Mr Moore and his bride drove to Birmingham in handsome style ; and on the 35 th of June ( about two months from the time tbey had first seen each other ) , they were married by license at the Old Church , Edgbaston . After the ceremony they immediately started to London , and took apartments at the Euston-square Hotel . Here they resided for ten weeks , in a continual round of gaiety ; and Mrs Moore took occasion , while in London , » to visit some of her aiistocratic acquaintances . A fashionable equipage was always at their service ; the parks were regularly visited ; and Mr Moore felt renewed delight and interest in the recognition by his lady of the nobility as they lolled easily along in carriages scarcely more handsome than his own . As it was necessary , however , that some settlement with . regard to her money should take place , she expressed a wish to call on Glynn and Co ., of Lombard-street , her bankers , to ascertain exactly in what condition her affairs were . She accordingldid and found thatinstead of
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How seldom < do we feel , perceive , or think of the small beginnings ef disease which surround and operate upon us inaar enjoyments and Intercourses with tho world . « The young disease , which must subdue at length ,-Growe with ourjrowth , and strengthens with our strength . ' An improper regimen acting upon a particular kind of constitution , late hows , both of retiring to rest and rising in the morning , lay the foundation oYintestinal as well as skin diseases . To nil such we would recommend firstochangeofsystem , and , secondly , as aWfferf „ ia » . sistan for the recovery of health , that effiea &^ amOV medicine , Frampton ' s Pill of Health , which has procure ? the } Z ^ 'T ° i ? u T in erery 8 tati ° n > ' " society We beg to direct the attention of our readers Kw letter addressed to the proprietor of 7 b ^ ett 5 S ° Ste Omtmnt , whose advertisement appears in ^ another column Sir ,-I am happy to inforVn \ u that vour Abernetby ' s Pile Ointment , prescribed by Mr Mason Cgeon , of St Bartholomew ' s Hospital / has conS ' vrP " moved thepiks that I had been troubled ^ Sforth ? Iast nine years . I uf editawording to the printed ^ direct ons r ^ S oVe KSSac ^ rac ^ S . S ^ TT ^ mSS Btoma-h and bowels , and iu h Searchingr aSS irfW * " ' ' manner , that btw .-l comnlainis £ ' = « ? effective a same time they correct fl „ J TJT ¦?»«* . at 0 » East or West Indies deriveraSh ^ nW « T orin the this fine medicine , which inv ^ L ^ - ' bo , nefit from tlons , indoefor fe ' el ^ s of ^ useVulnesfi Zf IC < l COnstitu-3 » ne cured the Earl of ™ S & h ofTiP ^ stomach complaint , vwougu ot a liver and
Delegate D Taxation; Bi Wimmm Howlir, Ff...
DELEGATE D TAXATION ; BI WIMMM HOWlir , ffcweh no subject which has more Heaped the atten . ' tion of the people of ? England than that which may be ¦ deBtrtfinated Delegated Taxation ; there is none whieh 'teaands It more . If corruption and dishonesty have pltyed a high game in tho province of the ordinary taxation of the country , hy which itbas been raised to the astounding amount of upwards of fifty millions per annum , and that almost all within the last hundred and fifty yeah ; what shall be said of the corruption and dishonesty which have been more' secretly , but more effectually , at work in the sphere of Delegated Taxation , which within one hundred yean have saddled us with another fifty millions per annum , of which we take little account , and
of which , indeed , we seem little aware ; many , in fact , really do not dream of such a thing . They are totally ignorant that the mass of taxation of which we to bit . terfy complain , is but one half of that under which we labour . Tbe taxation which at thia moment demands , more than all others , the promptest , tbe most immediate , the most Marching attention by every man who pretends to the smallest portion of common sense or common vi « i . lance , is not the ordinary taxation dealt with by the ordinary functionaries of the government , and for the discharge of the government costs , bnt s taxation delegated by acta of Parliament to private and , for tbe moit part , irresponsible individuals , not for the public demands , but for their own prirate emolument .
What I allude to is the fact—and a great and startling fact it ia , If we will hut look fairly at It . That for a cehtary the English Parliament baa gone on granting char , ters to almost every man or cempany of men who have pleased to ask fer them , to tax and fleece the public at tbelr pleasure . That they have done thia , again , for the meat part without taking the smallest guarantee for securing the due discharge of tbe duties which these Individuals have assumed towards the public , or having provided securities in the acts passed , for their doing at the cheapest rate , < wd in the most efficient manner , what tbey have undertaken to do . Such a system of random , reckless , dishonest , and criminal legislation never was heard of from the foundation of tbe world ; and what is more extraordinary , never did a people 10 thoroughly and persevertngly avert their eyes from these dark and ruinous doings as the people of England hare done .
Could it have been believed that while we were crying out pretty obstreperously against the extravagant expenditure for war and for placemen , we were allowing oar governmant to licence a whole legion of private compa . hlea , whose sole object wna private gain—although their ostensible one was public good—to tax us to what extent tbey pleased ; and that these private companies have gone on to levy demands on our purses to an extent equal to that of the whole public taxation of the nation . The companies to which I allude are waler-companles , gas . companies , highway-trusts , sowerage-companies , canal-companies , commissioners and collectors of county rates , Wghway-rates , poor-rates , church-rates , bridgecompanies , and the like . These companies ' , for the moat part , have an unrestricted power of Ievjlng unlimited taxes on the population , and that they do levy them to at least fifty millions per annum it will be my business to show .
But before proceeding further , as it ia mest Important that this fact should be clearly established in the reader ' s mind , we may , by a very simple process , enable every one to test this assertion—namely , that thia delegated and private taxation equals the whole public taxation of the realm , whether direct or Indirect—by a very simple process . Let every man take , then , the amount of his assessed taxes , and compare them with the amount ^ of tha rates which he is called upon annually to pay for the premises so taxed , and he will soon see what is th ? resuit . An individual will furnish a case applicable to the whole . Take my own case . The asiessed-taxes for the premises I occupy are £ 12 12 s .. fid . The rates , of one kind or anothsr , average about £ 21 . Here , then , tbe rates , or delegated taxation , doubles the assessedtaxes for the premises . Say that your indirect taxation was as much more as your direct , you have still but ' tbe same amount of government taxation as of local or delegated taxation .
It has Indeed , been stated in Parliament that tbe local taxation amounts to twenty millions ; at thia rate , and I believe it to be a sound one , the delegated taxation will , on proper inquiry , be foand to equal tbe government tax . ation , or , in other words , amount not to twenty but to fifty millions a year . ¦ Surely this is a subject which demands the serious consideration of every Englishman , and should not pass another session without a strict parliamentary inquiry , imagine the public , with all its oth * r and overwhelming burthens , given over to a troop of licensed harpies , with , in most cases , an unlimited power of pecuniary suction 1
But , in order not to frighten ourselves with an imaginary terror , let us exanrine more closely the working of these licensed companies ; let us gee . what they have done , how they have done ; with what hand , light or heavy , thej have exercised their power of taxation , and to what extent tbey have enriched themselves . Alas ! the inquiry will only add to our alarm , Are Rebecca of Wales and ber children forgotten } What brought them into such action and prominence i This very state of things 1 Since , then , local inquiries , and especially iu London , have led to discoveries of imposl . Hon as gross , and abuses as astounding .
The'Quarterly Review ' of June , 1844 , in speaking of turnpike-trusts—one class only of this delegated taxation —said , 'In Parliament , if any one wishes to designate the very typo of negligent and perfunctory legislation , no illustration is so apposite as a turnpike-trust bill . Eir . o iU < e lachrymal . It Is simply because Parliament has , in times past , reckoned nothing of turnpike bills ; has let anybody who wanted one hare it , and suffered interested parties to legislate as best suited their convenience—delegating to irresponsible bodies the dangerous power of taxation and omitting all control over a system peculiarly liable to abuse , —that the manifold confusions of tbe system have arises . The oppressions , the vexations ,
the iniquities of tbe turnpike laws , the dearness of toils , and the badness of roads , eight millions of debt in England , Rebecca and her daughters in Wales , are the legitimate results of this general default and oversight of the legislature in respect to the great national interest of the public roads , j We are not now arraigning the system on the ground of its local administration , or as the advocates of centralised powers ; it is enough to say that , such as it bath hitherto existed , it has been left utterly destitute of those cbecksfrom which no delegated powers ought to be exempted , and that it has been regulated by no principles of equality or consistency , but private interest and hap-hazord hare been the main elements of its origin and constitution . '— p . 146 .
It adds— 'Established with competing interests and independent powers , tbe natural object of each trust is to enrich itself , and to outflank its neighbour , 'Every one for itself , and the public for us alll' is their maxim , and between so many competitors the unhappy wayfarer gets fairly cleared out ' . '—p . 147 . The review says , finally , that' the system has worked ill in every way ; and the rapacity of trusts has left the country in many places without roads , and in enormous debt . ' This is pretty well for ( ho good old Conservative organ to gay—but this ia but a glimpse of the real subject . What has been doing in roads has been doing throughout all the large brood of licensed companies of tbe kind . The whole kith and kin of these delegated taxing com . panles are tarred with the same brush ; they are one series of the most enormous and frightful jobbing , peculation , public plunder , and corruption .
It is bad enough that our road system has incurred a debt of eight millions ; that it has left this an everlasting harden on the country , the interest of which is alone to be defrayed by the extravagant tolls everywhere esta . blished ; while the parishes , for the most part , are compelled to maintain the roads , and are liable to indictments if they are not kept np . It is bad enough that in Wales though the spirited conduct of Rebecca and her daughters tended iu some degree to reduce the nuisance , that the principality still continues to be covered with a host of distinct and conflicting trusts ; that toll-bar often stands staring at toll-bar as two distinct trusts , and the traveller has to pay at both within a hundred yards . It
is bad enough that even in an economical country like Scotland , going out of the town of Ayr in gig to visit tbe residence of Robert Burns , n distance of twelve miles , I paid at nine tollbars , chiefly sixpence each . These things are bad enough , but they are but a small and in . significant sample ef the whole gigantic system . Trace it everywhere , and it is everywhere the same . Tbe same jobbing , the same shameless rapacity ; the same waste of tho public money , and , as will be seen , to the destruction of the comfort , the health , and the Uvea of the plundered people . You must go on and trace the nuisance through bridge-trusts , sewerage commissions , water-work com . panies , gas companies , and the like .
It appears from Spackman ' s Tables that the amount ofcapitallnvested in public companies in England is £ 345 , 731 , 174 . Now , If these companies were reasonable enough to content themselves with five per cent , per annum on tfae capital advanced , thia would amount to an annual sum of £ 15 , 025 000 to be levied on the p « Wic . But where are tho companies that are contented with any such rate of interest ? Parliament , In restricting railways , —a late practice with It even there , which ought . to have bean the practice from the first in all companies let loose on the public by enactment , — allows ten per , cent ; - Take ten per cent , as the average and you get thirty ndlltens ; but this in many cases is far below the mark . What is the interest paid upon the original capital invest * . ^ & certain old wooden bridges over the Thames—as Putter And Hampton Court !
Putney bridge cost in tbe } 2 tit jearof Georgel . £ 28 , 978 . Over this crazy old bridge no \ foot-passenger can pass without paying a halfpenny , tim turn without paying another . I believe a gig pays slx ^ eflee , a four-wheeled carriage and pair a shilling , and . ^ « n . Now , eonsidering tbe immense Increase of popu lation and traffic on this road , what must be tfae interest p Mot this old lumbering machine at tho present moment , » must be at least cent , per cent . The same i . the ca « » t Hamp-M ^^^ - ^ iwa : S ? f a » - ^ h lme fo 7 h n a 8 KT , , ld 6 m d 0 ' at the "Potion of tnntto 11 . ' fc . P . BbliC 8 ti " Coa , inue t 0 P"y , ike « ° fWat Put " ey . P * 8 ° " tbis old wooden structure as Is the country never to be relieved of these encim .
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branoet ! Does Parliament ne »« mesa to J « Wlnt « theseanatters , and put an end ; to th" «^ * ^ Zfl polles ! A few thousand , expended at the prop « «¦» on these bridges would have made them nubile property , and open ways to all . , m „ j . But tho same utter disregard of the poor victim of a pub / to , oh which Parliament . bas rom time to time let loose such licensed locusts , is manifest everywhere . TaM an example or two in the water line . The New River Company was projected and esta . Wished bv Sir Hogh Mlddleton . It was bo ill-patronised at first that it ruined the projector , and the origina hundred pound . bare , fell to nil . Httow . de * will refer to Spackman ' s- Tables , p . 155 , he will perceive
that though other water companie * were willing to state to him their amount of capital paid up , this company it silent on that head . It was well ; for so shameful « n imposition on th . public never was permitted by , ny governments any quarter 'of the world . This compaBy , which supplies , according to ita own engineer , 900 , 000 inhabitant , of the metropolis , has , instead of putting on its water at a propertlonably cheap rat . as £ profit , increased , raised the value of * <«*« 1 hundred » h « . S to £ 21 . u 00 eaohl That k ^™*™ in tbe market . One hai been sold stace I came to reside in Clapton by auction for that money , and we e one to behold to-morrow , I believe it wouldfetch
Now , what ha . the government been about here ! Has Hallowed a company , the taxing powers of ^ ichbave been created by itself , to increase the value of its Eestwentyone thousand times , -for b . it recollected JeJe sbareawere once at nll . -and has put uvno v . to on the exsreise of this power ? has made no effort to reduce thecharges for this water totho public ! to have itlaidon evary day instead of three days a week ? to h . ve the . apply of water extended ; 70 , 000 houses in the metropolis , according to the last returns , having no su pply at all ? or to have the pipes made more secure against the gas getting into th . m , which often renders the water really noisome and unwholesome . Nothing
of the kind . Tbe supply of water in the metropolis , and many other towns , ia not - only very deficient , but the quality Of the water supplied iaof the most disgraceful kind . For evidence of this I refer to the Reports of the Commissioners of Inquiry on the subject , which abounds with proofs seen of the deleterious nature of tbe water furnished by public companies . I know by actual inspection that the East London Water-works Company supplies a water into which a copper and other mills , various dye-houses ; and a mass of vtrylow population , discharge their filth ; and at what a pricoi My supply , although I have a pump in the kitchen , amounts to * £ 5 . 12 « . a year , tot three days per week , or a sum aoual to very nearly one . half of my assessed .
taxes . , .. Now , that this is perfectly unnecessary is proved by Mr Hawksley , the engineer to the water . worka at Not . tingbam . He showed before the commissioners that the Trent Water Company funhheda constantsupply of excellent water to the inhabitants at 7 a . 6 d . per annum at any level required , even into the attics of four and five story buildings ; and that the poor were furnished in their houses on the principle of constant supply at Id . per week . . Thus , while the East London Water Company is sup . plying an impure water at £ 5 . 12 s ., and so on , per house , the Nottingham Company supplies a good water at 7 a . 6 d , per annum to the wealthy , and 4 a . 4 d . par
annum to the poor . Here Is pretty strong cause shown that the government ought to look to whatpt la doing , ft ; has no right to delegate the power of taxing tbe publio without taking the necessary guarantees for cheapness , purity of quality , and full supply . But so far from this , with the grossest and most calpable neglect , it permits these water companies to monopolise tfae rivers to an extent that shuts out competition , and exercises n » authority to compel these companies to take their supply of water from where it is pure , or to forbid them taking it where it is not pure . Itdoos worse than this , it allows thvae licensed and interested companies , as I shall show , to deprive the inhabitants of their prirate wells , in order to lay in what a certain writer stylea'their physic . '
Such ia the effect of this delegation system , as far as the aupply of water ia concerned . It would be easy to quote whole pages of the evidence of medieal and other gentlemen to show that most of the water supplied bythese companies is actually filthy , unwholesome , and , in some cases , poisonous : and it is doled out stintedlyat the enormous prices mentioned , while at Nottingham it is supplied in any quantity at Id . per week per house ; at Campbell Town , in Scotland , at tbe rate of ls . 4 d . per annum ; at Paisley 2 s . 0 J . ; at Greene ck 2 s . Gd . 1 If the health of towns is to be consulted , all this must be reformed entirely .
But , perhaps , the effect of this system is nowhere more strikingly shown than , in the commissioners of sewers . The Cemmittee of the Health of Towns Association have , in their Report on Lord Lincoln ' s Drainage Bill , presented us with a mass of facts of the most emasing kind . We may select a few specimens ; they are most instructive . I now . quote from the Health of Towns Report : — 'Amongst the results of theinqoiry of her Mojistj ' s Commissioners , perhaps at once the most remarkable and the most instructive , are the instances which it has brought to light of the waste of the public money , and the injury done to the public health , consequent on granting to aa irresponsible body the pewer to adopt or reject public works , of tbe true eta . racterof which they are iecompetent to form a judgment , and at the same time in the execution of which they have a sinister interest . Tour committee think it important , as an illustration of this , to direct attention to two or three facts which are stated in evidence in
relation to the 3 dministration of the Westminster Court of Sewers , Mr Butler Williams , civil engineer , states that in the Westminster district upwards of forty miles of covered sewers have hetn built within the last ten years ; that the whole of these sewers are faulty both in form and construction ; that the differences of expense between the construction of the uprighUsided sewers with man-boles , ( tbe form adopted in the Westminster district , } and the egg-shaped , or arcbed sawers , with flushing ; apparatus , ( the improved form adopted in the Finsbury district , ) is about £ 1 , 800 per mite , and tbat by the adoption of tbe former instead of tbe latter by tbe Westminster Commissioners of Sewers , there baa been a positive loss ef £ 66 , 069153 ., ' a . nm , ' adds this witness , ' sufficiently startling to cause tbe inquirer to scrutinise with care the reasons tbat are advanced in favour of the adoption of a form theoretically imperfect , and fonnd practically not to answer so well in some cases as the more perfect theoretical shape which would produce such a great saving !'
Mr John Le . ho , one of their own body , explains the mystery of this : he states th at a Urge ji » oportton * f the acting Commissioners of Sewers for Westminster are in practice here aa architects surveyors , agents , and soli , citors , or are otherwise eonhicted with building property ; and he regards such appointments as highly detrimental to the public interests ; and he gives a history of the King ' s College scholars' pond ee wer as an illustration of the manner in which the business of this court ia conducted . It appears that Mr John Beanie , civil engineer , reported that this line of sewer was so badly laid
down and constructed , thatitwould be a waste of money toattempttorendorit perfect . Thiaopinien was corroborated by their own surveyor ; yet , after this official condemnation of it by both their professional advisers , the commissioners have actually expended upon it nearly two hundred thousand pounds ! On 5 , 233 feet only of this lineit appears they have expended £ io , lU 17 s . 4 d ., and yet this portion , with tho exception of 1 , 009 feet covered in by Mr Cabltt at his own expense , remains at this moment an open sewer , with an outlet so bad that tho water is penned hack for six hours of each tide !
Much evidence is then given of the mischievous effects of this wretched state of these sewers , of the enormous sum of dSlO . 000 given for a house for the commissioners , the greater part of this price being rank jobbing . Farther specimens of the like micmanagement and extrava . gant waste are given in the Ranelagh line , and of the peculation in contracts . ' Of the magnitude of the sums , it is there added , ' which are thus lost , some conception may be formed from the evidence of Mr Butler Williams who says , ' When we consider tho number of miles of covered sewerage in the metropolis , which I suppose cannotbe less than about 500 , we can form an idea of the saving or waste , aa tbe case may be , which must result from the adoption of one or the other plan . Consider ing the work done within the last ten years , for which we have exact information , itappaars
that—In the City of London the increase has been ""^ aDove is In .. Westminster t 40 In Holborn and Finsbury , " '" 21 In Tower Hamlets , | " "' '" 18 In Surrey and Kent .. „ , * ... ... ... ZL
Making upwards of ... us built in ten years . Now tbe difference in expense , as has already been stated , between the construction of uoright-nded sewers with mnn . holes , and « gg . shaPed or arcbed sewers with flushing apparatua , would be about £ 1 , 800 per mile , or for 118 miles , nearly a quMtet « ,. That la pretty well ; but in eewerage jobbery I can far outgo this exp osure by tho Health of Towns Com . mi tee in the Hackney district , which has escaped thSr notice . In a 'Letter to the P . rishloner . - of Haek ! Z ; 87 bv e j 2 ste rB b ^ : r •^ ate 8 ' •* . **** 1841 , by J . Masters , Alders-gate-street , and Edmund Fry . predeeeeior of Charles QUptn , Bi . hopsgate . sTreet and sa , dtobe written h , Oeorge Collins , aSthor o ' Ce metery Interment , ' facts of the mostas onishinglS
tnM /^ ar n v thl 9 , nrse Pwisb , resolving not to be ncludediu oil the jobbing and wtravagnnt expense incurred by the commissioners of sewers for theSer S ? i '' Ught * e mattw before Lord Tenterden in 1829 , in the Court of King ' s Bench , and attained their object of being separatel y rated . But it would seem , that though they obtained this they did not escape the vengeance of the commissioners , who immediately commenced operations in Hackney parish of the most ruinously . expensive kind . They laid down in the winter of 1840 aewB in Hackney and Homerton , which cost five thousand pounds ! and which tbe inhabitants , says the writer , so little needed tbat lot one dozen sewers were connected by their owners v . 'th this new drainage . But if the inhabitants did not vol ' * this drainage for their sewerage , tbe commissioners tad t . ^ k « flcare to d # afn them in another important repeot— ^* 7 fe » d managed to Jay wry prira te well dry
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without an exception I The cost ot the leiverj , n > ai pronounced to be double what they ought to have been ; and the writer significantly adds , 'It would appear almost ai if the honourable Corporation of the East Lon . don Water Works , having some ul-natared designs upon tbe parish , had cozened the commissioners oi sewers into absorbing all the spring water , in order that the East London mixture of water ( by courtesy so called ) and oxide of iron may be in large demand amongst us ! Water-rate payers look to this 1 ' But the water-rate payers should have looked to an . other fact , Are not a considerable number of these Commissioners of Sewers and the shareholders of the East London Water Company identical t I believe they
are and their works bear atlil farther testimony to this looking after their own Interests . Since these exploits )!* Hackney and Homerton , a new sewer has been carried to the top of Clapton at an enormous expense to the inhabitants , and with the rery same » ff « ct of laying all tbe private wells dry ; and then the East London Water-Company supping in to supply the deficiency with their costly mixture , which , as I have shown , is of a far more impure kind than is stated by the writer of this pam . phlet . This sewer was also totally nnneeded , there being already an excellent drainage . What la worse for want of proper traps , the effluvia steams out every few dozen yards all up to Clapton close to the footpath ,, and a real injury instead of a benefit , to the public
health is erected . The writer of this' Letter' adds some very delectable morceaux from the charges of the Commissioners of ' Sewers for tho Tower Hamlats , for such very useful works . In the Spitalfields and Wapptng level there was a charge for « Works and Cleansing £ 17 , 455 , ' out of which £ 9 , 003 . 18 j . 7 d . were expenses for working tho commission , and £ 1 , 035 for commiasion on collection , so that the poor inhabitants of Spltalfielda have to pay £ 10 639 for the mauogement of the outlay of £ 17 , 455 t Aga in , ' Work for Cleansing , Ac , £ 17 . 19 a . 8 d „ . Working Commission , £ 284 . 9 s . lOd . ! Commission on Collection , £ 27 . « . * d . I' or la otne * words , the Commisv sleners , to expend £ 17 . 19 s . 8 d . In work , charged fo » their attention about £ 285 , and £ 21 odd for tha collection of the money , for defraying about £ 18 ! or eighteen times tha amount expended in the work , was swampe * in the mystification of * Working Commission . ' ' for Cleans
Once more—' Upper Limeuousb , — Works . Ing £ 2 . 15 e . 9 d . Expenses , working Commission , £ 64 . 17 s ! 7 d . M' 'HiCKNEr BaooK Level : — Woiks for Cleansing , £ 263 . 15 s . 8 d . Expenses , working Commission , £ 394 . 2 s . 4 d . ! l » Surely I have quoted enough of the merry doings oi these Commissioners of Sewerage . How these rogues must laugh in their sleeves at the gullibility of the En . glish publicl There is no other such public to a certainty in this or any other world . But these Commissioners of Sewers , these Water Companies , are but parfc and parcel of a stupendous system of pnblic frand which is carrying on tbrdngh tbe mast culpable neglect of the body called the British Parliament . It is thug , that those people who are net really sent to Westminster by the people as their representatives , sit wrangling , inmost long-winded speeches , about often mere personal matters , while they fling the actual business of the country to any set of sharpers which requests to be allowed to do it I
The question is , What is to be done ! It is vain to talk of carrying out plans for the Health of Townswhile these chartered speculators are left alone . The board and body of these interested companies will rise up and shriek about verted rights ; At every step every improvement will be met and hampered , if not strangled . Already the cry has begun . The Corpore . tlon ef London , with tbe most frightful bills of raor . tality before them , and whole square miles of misery , filth , and destitution around tbem , sweeping the poor to destruction , beg to leave this revolting scene , as under its excellent and improving management , exempted from any bill on the subject—and , of coarse , it is granted I Just the heart , tbe body , and head of the diseased frame are left out , and the fingers and toes are to be doctored !
What , then , must be done 1 The people must look tr > it . Tbey must call on government , and insist on it , that government shall take this great subject of Delegated Taxation into its earnest and most searching care . That the whole bundle of flagrant abuses and rank im » positions carried on under tbe names of public companies "ball be grappled with and systematised ; shall h * brought out to full daylight ; a distinct department of Government be instituted to manage a machinery which taxes the country to the very same extent as all its other machinery . That the whole of these compaules shall be placed under a system of inspection , cob * trol , and restriction of profits ; and that such measures shall be adopted as shall compel all such companies not only to do what they have undertaken to do , but to do it in the most efficient and economical manner .
Let it be remembered , tbat they are not only Water Companies , and Commissioners of Sewers that we refer to , but to tvery company that is authorised by act of parliament to tax the population of these kingdoms ; Parliament has no right to authorise any body of peo . pie whatever to tax us , without at tbe same time taking ? the most stringent guaranteea for thsse parties doing their work well , and keeping" their hands out of our pockets beyond a certain limit . I have laid the ease fairly before the public , let some publicspirited member or members of the Legislature lay it before tbac body . Here is a fine subject for the foundation of ft great popular reputation , through one of the greatest ) conceivable popular reforms . It must come one of these days , and the sooner the better for us all . —Howitt ' a-Journal .
Pbojectbd Improvements I.V The Post-Offi...
Pbojectbd Improvements i . v the Post-office . *— ' > Several important alterations , it is stated , will takfr place in the above department of the public service at the essuing quarter-day , which is on the 10 th of the present month . In the Money Order-office extensive changes will be made , both in the manner o £ the issue and payment of money orders , and in the mode of registering them , the whole of the routine of the duty having been recentl y so much simplified that , while a smaller number of employees will ba employed , more business will be done in a less
amount of time than is taken no by the present sys tem . Mr Rowland Hill has for some time turned his attention to this useful branch of the Post-offiee establishment , with the view of reducing the enormous outlay now expended in the execution of the duty . In the London district Post-office preparations have been made for the extension of the business , and the more ready performance of that alreadythrown into that department , by taking into the old sorting-office the adjoining rooms , lately used fortfce purpose of the money < rder-oflice , when that brancll of the service was carried on at the Post-office in St .
Martm ' s-le-Grand . _ Tbe new district office windowsin the hall of the chief office , were opened on Monday morning . It is also said that , from the ensuing quarter , a charge will be made in the salaries of aU the officers , and that many of the anomalies of the existing scale will be removed , When these preliminaries are settled , several additional appointments will be made in the inland and letter carriers ' offices . m Herring Fishert . —Off the Irish coasts the herrings have appeared in enormous shoals , although peculiar in their range , for the Penzance and St Ives boats failed for more than ten days in meeting them in the usual tracks . Lust week incredible quantities were takea in Dungarvan Bay , and several large vessels are there saving tbem en masse on board , and taking them to Liverpool . Herrings never were finer nor in such numbers as this season in Greatman ' s and Costello Bays , Galway .
Paislw—Statb op Fever -We are sorry to intimate that fever still continues rapidly on the increase . Ihe decease seems to have broken out witk renewed virulence . There were no less that 152 . patients in the Ilouse of Recovery and the adjoining , apartments connected with the establishment . ' This is within two or three oi tho greatest number that was accommodated when the decease was at the worst , in the month of July ; and if the malady do not speedily abate , tho directors will again be put to their shifts to obtain additional accommodation fori the helpless objects , who have no resource but to rely on their exertions for protection . A subscription ia at present in prep-ess over the tewn , for tho purpose of raising funds to meet the increased expenditure , and from the large additional expense that is incurred by such a number of patients on the boohs . — Renfrewshire Reformer .
Notices were issued on Tuesday , by order of Lord ' J . Russell , to all the Cabinet Ministers , to attend a Cabinet Council ( the first since the close of the last session of Parliament ) , on Tuesday , the 12 th of October , at the Foreign-office , Downingstreet . Nearly the whole of the Ministers are expected to attend the meeting . e i J ? 5 r awdi » M 7 event occurred at Bishop ' s Offley / btattordshire , that of death itself overtaking » thiei ; whilst in the act of plunder . The man ' s name was Joseph Boulton , residing at Bishop ' s Offloy , and his dead body was found lying between the pit-wheel of Mr Petchell ' s mill and the bolster which supported it . His head was so firmly jammed between the
wheel and the bolster , that it required the united strength of six men to disengage it . The coat pockets ot the deceased were filled with wheat , and a basket which lay near had barley in tbe bottom , and some wheat tied up ia a pinafore , whilst some small pieces of wood lay at the top . It h presumed that the unfortunate man had entered the mill through a hole which had been made by the workmen ( or the purpose of repairing the wheel ; and that after obtaining his booty , he was attempting to return the same way , when he lost his footing , and the force of his weight upon the wheel setting it in motion , he fell head-foremost between the wheel and bolster , and was immediately killed .
An Example womht or Imitation . —The Judgment of the Tribunal of Mortagne having condemned a grain and ^ flour merchant of the name of Deschampa , residing at Verneuil ( Euro ) to a fine of three thousand francs and six months'itnprisonraent , for using fraudulent means to raise the price of corn ? upon his appealing against this sentence , the case was heard on the 13 th of last month hefore the Trf * bunal of Alenfion , when the sentence was changed to six months' imprisonment and a fine ot six thcu > sand francs —La Rsforme . The cultivation of tobacco in Algeria increases eyeryyear .
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), Oct. 9, 1847, page 2, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse2.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns2_09101847/page/2/
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