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APRIL 11. 1S46. THE NORTHERN STAR 7 |BI ...
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jTowtgn jfEotomaite
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" And I will war, at leaf t in wards, {A...
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«IthinkIhear3little Krd,whosings Tfcepeo...
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BEVELATIOXS OF ROME. SO. IV. From the We...
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AMERICAN WORKING MEN'S MOVEMENT. EMANCIP...
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"LANDED DEMOCRACY.'
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EXTRAORDINARY TRIAL OF SPANISH BRIGANDS....
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iflarfcet Intelligence^
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London Corn Exchange, Mondat, Apbil CThe...
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SM1TIIFIELD CATTLE MARKET. Ariw, (J, —Tl...
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STATE OF TRADE. PROVINCIAL Md RKETS. hss...
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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April 11. 1s46. The Northern Star 7 |Bi ...
APRIL 11 . 1 S 46 . THE NORTHERN STAR 7 | BI —¦ -- «^« Hf 1— ¦¦¦¦¦¦¦¦¦ ^¦ -i - i iii ' J «^» i
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Bevelatioxs Of Rome. So. Iv. From The We...
BEVELATIOXS OF ROME . SO . IV . From the Westminster Review . THE POLITICAL C . CESTIOH . In all that we have hitherto said on the nature of this government , we have not touched on the political question ; that is to say , on that most sensitive question , in relation to which even a government generally just aud feir , starting from fear to proceed to repression , is apt to lall into eril courses . Xow , this question is in actionbus'dv , vividly , passionately , more so than in any other province of Italy . The national party , which in some other states has an idea for its dominant motive , is
eiasperated in those of the Pope by material interestsby wretchedness , by corruption , or by the parching up of every source of life . A spirit of universal discontent , an unceasing murmur for revolution , agitates the Papal districts , and is ever threatening the existence of the tyrannical and imbecile government whose oppression crushes them . But without « ur going into detail , the reader may conceive what that government would become when trembling in an agony of fear , whose normal state is such as we have been describing . There is nothing which fear would not drive it to , were it not that the fear itself is a cheek ; or , as phrased by one of our elder
poets" Their fears shall make them cruel , till cruelty Shall make them fear again . "
THE IXQUISmOX . The tribunal of the Inquisition is extant there in all its strength , and with all its demoralising modes of espionage—secular in its numerous secret agents , religwus in the confessional . We shall not recount the numerous persecutions of the Jews , that , under Leo tho Twelfth , forced the richest families to emigrate , with a loss to the State of £ 400 , 000 , and which now almost always resolve themselves into exactions of money , to an amount predetermined ; but we invite our readers to form an exact notion of the spirit animating the ecclesiastical police , by tha perusal of an Edict of the Monk Ancaraui , Inquisitor-General for the province of Itomsgna , dated from Forli , the ltth May , 1829 , and an Edict of Cardinal Guistiniani , Bishop of Iraola ( 3 rd June , 1 S 2 S . ) In the first they will
find secret accusation formally organised ; and in ths midst of absurd regulations about necromancers and the blasphemers of God , and especially those offending against the Holy Virgin , an immense Seld opened to arbitrary action in articles relating to prohibited books , and to " all those who obstruct , or shall obstruct , the office of the Holy Inquisition , or who have assaulted , or shall assault in any manner whatsoever , by themselves or others , in his person , character , or property , or otherwise , anv officer , servant , informer , or witness of the Holy Office . Iwthft second , they wul find a premium of ten years' indulgence for informers , and a most aristocratic tariff of punishment for offences of impiety , such as
blasphemy , couched iu unconth language . For the first offence , a conviction for blasphemy is met with a fine of five and twenty crowns of gold , fifty for the second , one hundred for the third ; hut if the guilty party -was a poor plebeian , porero pUbco , for the first offence he was to make the amende honorable , during an entire day , at the door of the church ; for the second offence , he was to be whipped ; aad for the third to have his tongue bored and be sent to the galleys . In case of fine , the informer would pocket a third , ia addition to the ten years * indulgence , "What might be taken as blasphemy may he judged from the following : —A dramatic poet was fined by the Censor acting for the Cardinal-Ticar for having Homerically stvled AtridesKiaa of Kings !
rOLlTICAL PCSISHJIEST 8 . The same savage spirit prevails , with a much increased activity in execution , in all that regards political opinion : accusation is proof ; suspicion is enough for punishment The poet Sterbini was exiled ( and remahts so ) for having , in a tragedy called La Vestals , irreverently bandied the nrcmmcries of the priests of pagan Borne . Three individual ? , the advocate Bottoni , and the lieutenants Bocei andPiolanti , were imprisoned eleven months , fettered , and without seeing the light of day , as sullty of an attempt at assassination on the person of Cardinal Rivarola , on the mere assertion of two fellows , who , as appeared by an agreement afterwards discovered , had conspired to gain the reward of £ 610 offered to whomsoever would denounce the offender , Processes , summary and
expeditious ( iHeiofommario t speditito ) , became sheer lists of proscription , hastily filled np to get rid of those against whom no proof could be obtained . La publiea voce efama ( public talk and rumour ) was taken as their basis . Five hundred persons were condemned to "banishment in 1 S 23 , in virtue of this compendious plan , and were presented with the order of expulsion before they had learnt there were any proceedings against them . Cardinal Rivarola pushed this process sammario e speditivo to such a length , that in his famous commission in Bomagna , he condemned individuals who bad 1 een dead before the commencement of the proceedings , and others who could
never be identified in consequence of the confusion of names and designations . In the list of the convicted was to bs found Francisco Plana , advocate of Bologna : there was a Fiana . an advocate in that city , but his baptismal name was different ; there was a Francisco , but he was not found guilty . Among the condemned also was the advocate Agostino Javeggi , of Ferrara ; there was an advocate Javeggi , bnt Agostino was not his prenomen 5 and there was an Agostiuo Javeggi , but neither an advocate , nor of Ferrara . The slightest word from an informer , or themerest breath of rumour { cote publico ) , was sufficient for the cardinal to inscribe a name on the roll of the condemned .
Those who escape the process sormnario , are sti ll to be reached by the precetto' This is an injunction not to be from home before sunrise or after sunset , not to frequent coffee-houses or other public places , not to be idle , ic . Its first result is to take away the possibility of the employment that it prescribes , for such as are under the ban of tbeprecetto , and are known to be objects of suspicion to the government , are rej ected at every work-place . Its deep abomination is that it inflicts penalties on those whose conduct is proof against any other criminal proceeding . And this pr « etto , that has been known in critical times to be launched against hundreds , thousands of citizens , is an attribute not of the courts alone , but oi every chief of police , without the necessity of accounting anywhere for its use .
COMHESCE , HASCTACTOBKS , ASD AGBICGLTEBE . To be added to all th » se , are grievances , the weary list of which would bo too heavy for our pages , but that may be easily learnt elsewhere , or e ~ en conjectured—the decline of commerce , an inevitable consequence of the severity and frequent alteration of the tariffs of duties , of the tedious processes of the courts , of the time granted to debtors—sometimes years ; of the power given to bankrupts to summon the creditor before a judge appointed by the sovsreign at the suggestion of the debtor , * of the absurd sanitary regulations ; of the extensive contraband f & stered by the enormity of the imposts ; the decay of manufacturing industry , to be ascribed to the vexatious interference of the government officers , to the prevalence
of exclusive privileges , and to the war waged against the provincial manufacturers by the industrial interests of the metropolis , who arc supported by high functionaries ; the impediments offered tu the development of agriculture , by increased burdens , by the law ' s uncertainty , by the law's delay , by the overgrown posses ions of religious corporations , by the barriers opposed to the diffusion of agricultural knowledge ; the almost absolute want of public injunction , particularly as regards the rural population , and the vitiation ot private education by the inevitable meddling of the priests and religious orders ; add all these , and yon will have a concvp-. ion , faithful as far as it goes , though very incomplete , of Papal administration .
TVe shall give an example for each , of the conduct of tiie government towards manufactures and agriculture . Signori Fabri and SItloui had a manufactory of silk at Bologna : the beauty of their stuffs procured them abundance of orders ; but tbis was not agreeable to thc dealers at Home , who accused them to the authorities of selling goods of foreign manufacture . They wer ^ in conse quence subjected to various harrasshig regulations , such as having the warp marked by the revenue officers before beiag woven , and a prohibition to take the stuff out of the loom , save in the presence of those officers . This was vexatious enough , for the officer was not always in the factory when he was wanted , and the work was therefore
interrupted ; but this was not all . The Judge-fiscal at Bologna was appointed especially to verify the facts . The suspected goods were sequestrated , and then , to decide the point , the judge determined that stuffs of a similar quality should be manufactured in the presence of the revenue officers and a functionary of his own . This was done , aud the result wa * declared satisfactory . Ifevertheless , the treasurer ordered the goods to be seized and sent to Home . Borne down by this long persecution , Fabri became a bankrupt ; Meloni called his creditors together , and , touched with his misfortunes , they returned him a trilling sum , to start him in some small business . The manufacture of course ceased .
The Agricultural Society of Bologna , of which Filippo Re , known by his book on manures , was a long time secretary—a society that published exceedingly useful reports on agriculture—had an income of £ 80 from the State . The government deprived them of that , and of their place of meeting ; and now , owing to the arts of a parry specially charged with their surveillance , they very rarely assemble . A glance at the state of agriculture would present the following as prominent facts . The cultivation of rice and hemp is the only existing resource of the Bol . ignese ; but that of hemp , which is costly in labour aud in the quantity of manure it requires , is every day on the decrease ; the provinces that originally formed the patrimony of St . I ' eter , are wretchedly poor and depopulated ; the progressive sj-oViation of the mountain , woods , to the maintenance of which a wise government would pay vigilant attention , is and will be more and * The referm ef Gregory the Sixtetnth may be quoted ag-. tast us ; but that reform , while abnegating th » powcj of the Pope ' s auditor , had nothing to say to the power o the Pope himself . Very shor tly after its promulgation time and a special judge wire in feet granted to a residen ofl ' eiugia .
Bevelatioxs Of Rome. So. Iv. From The We...
more to be deplored ; in their descent the waters bring with them deposits that fill np the beds of their courses , and the river dykes are menaced with disruption . In the winter of 1843 , several square leagues of excellent land , between the Beno and the Po , were laid under water ; and a numerous body of proprietary ruined .
DOWNFALL OF THE PAPACY . But beyond all this , there lies matter infinitely more significant , which must never be lost sight of—tha religion of the question , the consciousness now general , that all is brought to pass in tha name of a LIE ; the Mine , Mene , Tekel , Peres , that irrevocabl y sentences every power usurped in the name of that which is no longer believedin , that no longer believes in itself . Just so is it with the Pope . His Swiss and his Austrians are feared ; but men laugh at his excommunication , at his infallibility , at his vicariousness for God or . Christ on the earth : Pasquin ' s satires are more potent than the
uplifted finger that pretends to rule over ttr & m et orbm . When , in 18-31 , the de facto rulers of the Roman States issued a decree abolishing the Pope ' s temporal power , no individual throughout their breadth uttered a protest . When , as men seixe a common malefactor , violent hands were laid on the Cardinal legate Benvenuti , who came to foment disunion in the army of the insurrection , not a single mouth cried out sacrilege . And when the Transtiberiues , whose blind faith is so much extolled , discover that bread is too dear , they send a loaf with their vivas , into the stately equipage of his holiness : they treat him as the savage treats his feitche . Ail the world of Italy
knows , and nowhere so well as in the Popedom , from how much intrigue results the nomination of him , who , as the representative , we say not of God , but of humanity , should be one filled with all intelligence , and all love , hailed by the Church , by the welcome of the faithful . All the world knows how the inspiration of the Sacred Spirit ( shame that we must so word it ) posts to Borne in an ambassador s portmanteau ; how the recommendation of Gaetanino , or his like , is more efficacious with the Holy Father , than sentiments of eternal justice ; bow every severity of enactments for the observance of the Sabbath vanishes before the fair of Sinegaglia—it ' s so
profitable to the treasury ; how , in short , all spirituality has fallen before the interests of temporal power . And how , then , can yon look for its existence among the subjects of that power ? Urged by a blind reaction , and estimating religion by its application under their eyes , the educated youth for the most part lapse into materialism ; the people , save a portion of the rural population , are without belief , even though professing it Half from fear , half from habit , they may still frequent the churches , may be found gazing on the pomp of ceremonies , but with curiosity , not with reverence ; their southern imagination may be excited , but the heart is untouched . The Papal power , then , is not only hated for the evil it works , but
despised as an imposture , for the sources whence it ob . stinately persists ia deriving the authority by whos « vir tue it is existant ; and it may be conceived what degree of bitterness this feeling adds to reaction . Hen ' s aspirations are bent the more earnestly to the advent of political liberty . Tbey feel that , from that advent , in some way or other , wUlresalt the solution of the religions question ; they feel that from the flight of the Pope—and he will fly sooner than submit with cordiality to the deprivatidb of temporal power—and from his first bull of excommunication against the rebels , will naturally arise an appeal to a council ; or some other mode of establishing what are the wants of religious faith in Italy .
VIVA LIT ALU ! Our readers , we hope , will now understand why a fearful agitation is periodically at work in the Papal States , and will be at work more and more . An energetic protestation it is , in the name of every brs . ve and noble heart of these provinces , published to slumbering and careless Europe ; aad it will be converted into a triumphant and unanimously proclaimed revolution , on the day that Europe , aroused to a sense of justice and of zeal
for the maintenance tf a principle so often announced in words , shall say to the Austrians— " Keep to your own territory , whatever may occur beyond you ; the subjects of the Pope are on their own ground ; let them manage their own affairs ai suits them best . " Nay , a revolution some day it will become , though Europe should persist in sanctioning the degrading and iniquitous intervention of one foreign power in the concerns of an . other . * # # * SUCH ABE THE CACSES OF THE FAST , THE PBE 3 ENT , AND EVEE-HEOWING AGITATION .
American Working Men's Movement. Emancip...
AMERICAN WORKING MEN'S MOVEMENT . EMANCIPATION OF LABOUR AND THE LAND . REFORMS DEMANDED BY THE AMERICAS DEMOCRATS . [ From the Sew York Youno" -4 » neriea . ] I . A FREE SOIL ASD A LANDED DEMOCRACY . To be brought about by a LIMITATION of the quantity of land to be hereafter acquired by any individual , and by ether measures recommended in articles I . II . III . of tliii paper , on the subject of the New Constitution , and republished in the pamphlet called The Jubilee . II . ALL DEBTS TO BE DEBTS OF HONOUR .
Beeausecredit would'begiven to character instead of wealth ; because avaricious creditors should not take advantage of lenient ones , because a set of law officers should not be supported on the means belonging to creditors ; because the costs of collecting debts by law are nearly equal to the debts collected ; because there are no other laws except those that authorize land selling that cause so ranch misery ; because debts would be better paid ; and , above all , because the proper object of government is simply to protect the natural rights of the people .
III . A PROHIBITION OF PAPER MONEY . Because paper money is fictitious money , enabling men to get interest on what they owe ; because to issue it is a privilege ; because it is a cheat ; because it is an indirect tax ; because it makes the rich richer and the poor poorer ; because it euables men to live without any kind of useful labour ; because it is auti-republican ; because it is worse than useless ; because it nullifies the power properly delegated to the general government ' to coin money and regulate the value thereof ; " because the states are prohibited from issuing "bills of credit , " and therefore it is unconstitutional .
IV . A PROVISION FOR AN EQUITABLE ADJUSTMENT OF DEBTS , Contracted under the paper currency ; because evert contraction or expansion of the currency by paper money has violated contracts between debtors and creditors , aad because it is a measure necessary to the abolition of paper money .
V . A PROHIBITION OF STATE DEBTS . Because they are contrivances to create tax-eaters ; because they cripple the power of the general government to provide for the national defence ; because tbey are unnecessary , unjust and unconstitutional ; and , particularly , because no generation of men has a right to tax a future one . VI . PROHIBITION OF CHARTERED PRIVILEGES , Because what cannot be done by individual or associate action without privileges , should be done by the township , county , or state .
VII . A REFORM OF THE LAW SYSTEM . Because the present system is cumbrous , intricate , and expensive . Abolishing laws for the collection of debts would do much towards it . VIII . THE RIGHT OF SUFFRAGE . To be secured without qualification or restriction , to every citizen of the same mind . Reasons self evident , IX . ELECTION OF ALL OFFICERS BY THE PEOPLE . Because if the people are qualified to choose men to choose officers , they are qualified to choose the officers themselves .
X . A DISTRICT SYSTEM OF ELECTIONS . Because the present system is a bad one ; because power ought to be delegated as little as possible ; and because the plan of electing one man only on one ticket for each office is the way to keep the power nearest to the people .
XI . DIRECT TAXATION ON PROPERTY . Every man to pay in proportion to what he is worth , clear of the world ; because if every man knows exactly what he pays , it will be his interest to have the taxes light ; and because , as government is chiefly for the protection of property , propert y should pay the cost . XII . AN EFFECTIVE MILITIA SYSTEM . Every citizen from the age of eighteen to forty-five to be enrolled , armed , and equipped at the expense of the State ; the companies to have charge of the arms and equipments ; the Legislature to designate tiie number of trainings , except in time of war or danger of war ; those who turn out to be paid two thirds the wages of legislators and those who refuse to be taxed according to their property .
"Landed Democracy.'
"LANDED DEMOCRACY . '
In the whole vocabulary of the English languag . there are no other two words of equal import and worth to the human race to those at the head of this article , "Landed Democracy . " As contradistinguished from the words " Landed Aristocracy , " what a mighty aud comprehensive idea do they convey ! How brief , how expressive of the most righteous principle , the most beneficent doctrine , the greatest measure for the universal good of all humanity ; for when that is obtained , the best wishes of philanthropy , the brightest hopes of civilisation , and every other earthly good will naturall y ensue . Hereafter , then , let the words " Landed Democracy" be the motto on the banner , the war cry in every contest , and the object of every political movement of the
human race . For thousands of years , and in most countries , has the system of landed aristocracy been tried , and wherever it had existence it has equally proved itself the cause of the downfal of empires and Republics . Originating either in conquest or fraud , establishing inequality and injustice in the very foundation of the social fabric , it has naturally generated , as its legitimate offspring , extremes of wealth and poverty , of corruption and crime . The monopoly of tho soil must have its slaves—the palace must have its hovels ; it is the very rich that make the very poor ; and poverty induces most of the crimes that are committed in civilised communities .
Never yet has the experiment of a landed democracy been tried on earth in a state of civilizationthat is , there never has been in any civilised country , a social organisation whose fundamental principle or organic Jaw fixed and limited the quantity of land that individuals might hold , according to natural and equal justice to each and all . The Agrarian principle as regards land must not be understood to extend to personal property , for as all these things comprehended by the latter term are the worker creations of men , their creators have a natural and personal right to buy and sell , trade and traffic ,
barter and exchange , give and receive such things as are designated personal property . " But the land is mine , saith thc Lord , andyc are sojourners with me . " " God made the heavens and the earth . " They are not man's work . The creator of tlio world never granted land titles ; the earth is the patrimony of the whole race ; or , as Jefferson said , " it belongs to the living . " Man has no authority to make it an article of merchandise , to buy or sell it . Tho Indian has no natural or divine right to sell it to the United States , nor have the United States either a natural or a divine right to sell it to their citizens .
The idea , then , of a landed democracy , that is , that no man shall hold or possess more land than is equitable with regard to the equal and natural rights of his fellow creatures , namely , a jiomkstead , or as mueb . as lie can use or cultivate for subsistence ( anil every human being has the inalienable right of going to the bosom of his mother earth for sustenance ) , is not naturally or morally wrong in any point of view ; while , on the contrary , the establishment , as in Great Britain by the Norman conquest , of a landed aristocracy , is so subversive of justice and productive ol social evil , that nothing but thc fact that people are trained to the toleration of the monstrous usurpation from infancy , so that they cannot see its enormities and exactions upon them , prevents its overthrow in spite of the sansuinary system of laws created by
robbery and twanny to sustain it . As the whole history of the race has proven that a landed aristocracy has been the greatest curse of humanity , it is clear that nothing but a landed democracy is the remedy , audits establishment the greatest earthly blessing . In fine , he is not an intelligent Christian who will not go for a social system so consistent with the Mosaic institutions and the doctrines of Christ and his apostles . He is not a true philanthropist who will not go for an amelioration of the condition of mankind , self-evidcntly the most beneficent and benevolent in its scope and character . Above all , he is not a consistent democrat who will not contend for a landed democracy more than all other measures of reform and progress , as the fundamental principle of the democratic theory , the rights of all men and the greatest good of the whole .
The German Communists of New York havcjoincd the Democratic Reformers , and havo held several large and enthusiastic meetings . They are determined to vote for none but Free Soil candidates .
LANDLORDISM . ( From the Albany Anti-Renter . ) Landlordism must go down in this republic . There must be no temporising with it . No beating it off at one point where its intended victims are strong and united , to let it retire and settle itself upon ail other points where its victims are , as yet , far scattered , isolated and helpless . No , over the whole republic , landlordism must go down—the happiness of men and their rational equality must be established —not in the Ilelderberg alone—not alone in the oppressed counties of this State , but througkout the broad and wide length and breadth of the republic . The task before us is twofold . To kill off and forever put an end to the full-grown monster that exists in this State , and to prevent the same monster from raising its accursed head over all other parts , or any other part of the republic .
THE UNITED STATES PRESS . TheophilusFisk , we believe a very clever man , and sterling democrat , formerly leading editor of the United States Journal , has recently quitted that paper , probably induced thereto by the opposition oi the mock-patriots , to whom his sterling patriotism was offensive . The following extracts ( for which we are indebted to the Albany Freeholder ) are from his closing address to the readers ol * the United Stales Joarnal : —
J HE DESPOTISM OF PARTY—ASD THE TVRAS . NT OF caucus . —Party in this country , as has been well remarked , has become a tyrant—a heartless , unfeeling despotism ; its insatiable spirit can be propiatcd by no sacrifice , softened by no appeal . Its self-constituted head must do all the thinking for the members , who are not allowed to have a free thought , or an independent opinion of their own—especially if that opinion should happen to differ with the majority , The iron despotism of Political Prejudice wields its overpowering influence over the best feelings of our common nature ; sends its palsying venom into the most generous hearts to uproot and destroy all those finer qualities which refine and ennoble humanity ; breaking up social intercourse and domestic companionship , separating society by an almost impassable gulf . Let me be understood . I speak not against party divisions , nor against party zeal ; both are
indispensible to the existence and perpetuity of a free government . Under % despotism there arc no parties —all there is a calm unruffled ocean ; a dead sea of black and poisonous waters from which exhale pestilence and death . Party spirit , properly regulated , is the very salt of the earth . Parties we must have —parties we should have , It is not against party that I declaim , but against the unhallowed tyranny it imposes ; checking every free thought , curbing and controlling our independent acts ; hunting down and crushing all who do not approve of every act performed by its self-constituted leaders . There never was a more unfeeling tyrant upon the face of the earth than King Caucus ; to question its decrees , to doubt the infallibility of tho privileged few who move the wires , is high treason . I claim to be a party man—but 1 can never become either a party slave oi a party tool .
The Evils of Lawyer Legislation' . — this needs no word of comment from me . It is seen in all its painful distinctness darkening every page of our ^ country ' s ; history ; seen no less in all the ruin it has wrought by its partial enactments in favour of wealth against labour , than in the stupendous social and political evils it has entirely neglected to remedy or attempted to remove . From education , from habit , and more than all from interest , the lawyer is compelled to be eminently Conservative jn his principles and policy ; no true Reformer ever belonged to that profession . The power of precedent is all-controlling ; things as they have been and things as they are , is the end and aim of his political existence ; things as
they should be , he utterly abominates as disorganizing ; as radicalism and agrarianism . When the producing classes become intelligent enough to appreciate their own highest interests—when the farmers and mechanics shall have sufficient self-respect to make honest labour dignified and honourable , they will select their law-makers from among their own ranks and not from those who take their . cue from Westminster Hall in old England . When a lawyer can point to a single effort he has ever made in the cause of progressive aumanity , I will waive my objections to his taking a seat in a legislative hall . Perhaps it is right for them to legislate exclusively for the benefit of the rich—tftc poor can btg .
While lawyers make the laws , the temptation will be too strong to be resisted to frame them so intricately that none but lawyers can explain them . Law expounders should never be allowed to become lawmakers . _ The practice too of the legal profession is inconsistent with a pure morality or strict conscientiousness . When men are iu the daily habit of espousing any cause for a fee , defending the right and the wrong indiscriminately , making the same effort to free the most hardened villain from thc just
punishment of the law , as to redress tho must grievous case of oppression and injustice—it is not to be expected that their political virtue will be of a sterner or more incorruptible character . It is a startling fact that every demagogue who has ever betrayed his political party , belonged to the legal profession . He was in the previous habit of espousing the cap . se of the client who promised the largest fee , withcut regard to the merits of the case , and ho was t ' nurcfort easily induced to play the traitor—for a Konsidem tion !
Slaves make iyraxts . —The "Womuxo Mrs rmm ows Worst Enemies . —From my first e utrancc- upon my editorial career until the present hour , lime laboured with unflagging industry \ n buhajSot the interests ef tke < reducing classw _ t uc tciling , industrious millions . 1 have never gccn \ uo day oar the hour , for the last fifteen years , r - , i 10 n j was , not ready to sacrifice every pecuniary y 0 p 8 cou y , ihaye ad-
"Landed Democracy.'
vanced the progress of the cause by so doing . To a great extent I have toiled utterly in vain ; it has ™ a ? -2 , nou S ,, * hatl have spent my strength SendS „ n , P * as wel 1 as tlie farour ™* hrfinnXtf }\ e , is of those whose good opinion ™/ , ? " , bIe value- The worki « g classes do not reject themselves ; they neither will stand up for their own rights , nor for those ivho are perilling their all in h * Z 2 A" < * « " «« --They allow themselves to SJ £ h fi , - - ' hng du P es of Political knaves ; al-Sl J « intere ? t is one and the same , thev blindly allow ¦ themselves to be split up into opposite fictions at the poles ; at every election , they throw the rope over the house and then begin to pull at each end , instead of pulling at the same end , and all pulling one way ; the natural consequence is , they enjoy a little better position in society than beasts of burden . They are contemptuously called " the lower classes ; " and submit to these degrading epithets ,
with a patience that even Job might envv ; crouch beneath the ponderous burdens imposed upon them by an upstart aristocracy , with the uncomplaining submission of the mute camel ; and then on every fourth of July , throw up thoir caps and shout for liberty and independence ! Was there ever more ridiculous mockery witness ed by civilised bcm » s ? Too ignorant to know thoir rights , or too basely subservient to dare maintain them ; and yet they call themselves free and enlightened ! " There aro exceptions to be sure-but onl y enough to prove the justness of the general rule . Friends and Patrons-my labour is done . May that blessing which maketh rich and addeth no sorrow with it , be yours to possess both now and for evermore . The recollection of the generous kindness which you have hitherto extended to me , will have an abiding place in my heart until its pulsations shall cease for-cver . To each and to all of you , I bid an affectionate farewell . Theophiws Fisk . Washington City , 1840 .
Extraordinary Trial Of Spanish Brigands....
EXTRAORDINARY TRIAL OF SPANISH BRIGANDS . Another band of the Spanish brigands , called Traboucayres , chiefly , if not entirely , composed of men who served in the army of Don C . irlos , and took refuge in France on the final discomfiture of that Prince , wore brought , on the l !) th ultimo , before the Court of Assizes for the Pyrenees Orientalee , upon an indictment , of which we shall give an epitome . The number included in it ig 22 , of whom 17 ( in custody ) were arraigned at the bar ; the five others , including a woman named Cuthariue Gatel , or Lacoste , having evaded capture . The prosecution was conducted by M . Renard , procurcur-general of the Cour Royale of Montpellier . assisted by M . Aragon , tlie procureur du Roi . The prisoners were defended by four counsel . The indictment stated that on February 27 th , ] 1845 , at ten o ' clock in tho evening , the diligence
ijoing from Oirona to Barcelona was stopped at a place called Lo Sura dela Palla , near the village of La Tonlere . The traces were cut , the doors of the coach violently opened , and all the passengers ordered , on pain of instant death , to alight and lay themselves on the ground . Tho robbers then lighted torches and searched the passengers , taking from their persons all tbey could find , treating the women in the most indecent manner . This done , they spread a cloak ou the ground , and commanded every ono with the most horribl * threats , to cast upon it whatever money , Jewels , and other valuables they had about them , and which might have escaped discovery . At tho same time the diligence was completely plundered . This , however , was but aprelude to future outrages . Threeof the passengers , M . Bailber , 11 . Rover , of Figuicras , and M .
Ma-sot , Darams , whose passports indicated them to be of sreater consideration , were seized and bound to be carried Off for the sake of their ransom . The mother of M . Massot , who was travelling with him , cast htrself at tho feet of the bandits , and entreated them for mercy to her son . But they repelled her coarsely , saving that if she did not ceaae to anuoy them with her cries she should see her son stabbed to death before her eyes . The sound of a shrill whistle was then heard , upon which the brigands gathered up their booty , cut the straps of the pantaloons of their three captives , in order that they might be able to move more freely , and led them away across the mountains , recommeuding those left not to report what had occurred to them or they would repent it . On May 3 rd , H . Massot wrote a letter to his mother , desiring her to
send him 800 quadruples (' rather more than 60 , 000 francs ) for his ransom , saving , " I am worn out by misery . The cold distresses me and these men torment me" A fever is killing me , and yet lam obliged to march day and night , with pain and grief , through the snow . All I know is that I am traversing mountains . Embrace my brothers in the name of God , and I beg them not to fall into despair from my death , for I am already resigned to it . " Bailber , who was of an advanced age , could not long resist his great sufferings , and in a very few days , finding himself sinking and unable to write , dictated his last will to Roger , which , when finished , the brigands took into
their hands , judging they might derive some advantage from its possession . The unhappy man was left alono in his agonies on the snow , and , with a refinement of barbarity , the savages took from his shoulders the cloak he needed only for a few moments more . Three days after that ihe Spanish armed force came up with the baud , and an engagement ensued in which two of the soldiers were killed , and several of the brigands wounded . Some days after the attack on the diligsneo , Mademoiselle Massot , received a letter by the Girona mail , signed with the name of Jacques Toquabus , telling her that if she did not send tiie S 00 quadruples to a place indicated , she should receive her son ' s ears and if that did not reduce her to
compliance they would send her his eyes , and if those did not succeed she would , at last , have his mutilated head , at the same time increasing their demand . Ou the 23 th March , the brigands and their two prisoners , when in a house called Perrasole de Terrasols , noar Tazadell , were attached by some armed police , and a conflict ensued , in which two of the gendarmes were killed , and M . Roger received a ball in the back of the neck , which laid him dead instantaneously . Tho band then divided into two parties—five of them going to a place called -Manors , and eight with M . Massot , their sole remaining captive , in search of the grotto of Bassuguadn , where they might conccil and secure him . After wandering for several days , lost in fogs , they reached and crossed the Mouga , a river which divides
the two kingdoms , and , finding the cave , were supplied for two days with food by tn-o peasants of thc country , who were included in the indictment as accomplices . Hence four of the eight bandits went to Las Salinas to receive thc 1 , 000 quadruplesjdemanded of Madame Massot , for the release of her son , taking up their abode at the inn of one of their associates , Parot del Battle , but one of the four , named Pijade , taking some otfence , deserted the rest , returned t » his master , and became the principal means of discovering and . arresting the whole band of these brutal murderers . In consequence of the measures taken by his information , all the brigands u / un « d in the indictment were pursued , found , and arrested . I , the end , on reaching the cave or grotto of Passagudan was discovered the lifeless body of M . Massot , with the
ears cut off , tbc throat divided , and eleven poignard wounds in thc region of thc heart . In the loft of a farm called Del Aloy , was afterwards found , wrapt in a paper , a pair of human ears , with some of the hair of the head still sticking to them by the clotted blood . These were afterwards proved to be the ears of the unfortunate Massot , which the eight brigands who bad excised them carelessly left there , little thinking how clear a proof it would be of their baring been the perpetrators of this act of cruelty . As an evidence of their insensibility to all feeling of pity , when the « ars were exhibited to them on their being examined before the magistrate they pretended not to know what they were , calling them , with the most uudacious levity , dried mushrooms . It is also stated that after thc death of their two other captives ,
M , Bailber and M . Roger , the bandits sent letters to their families , stipulating for large sums lor thoir ransom , which were to be . sent to curtain spots indicated , but ( vbieli , if they had been paid , would have been in pure loss , for those sought to be redeemed w « r < s no longer iu existence . Thc above arc the material facts disclosed by the accomplice Pujade , and which nere confirmed by the evidence tliat was produced . In support of tu « prosecution , no - fewer than 114 witnesses were summoned , all of whom attended the trial except two or three . They consisted of the other passengers in the diligence with the three unfortunate victims , the conducteur of the diligence , farmers , and other persons in Spain and France who had been forced by the brigands to afford them shelter and concealment , the Escoundos or armed police
in Spain , with whom they had the encounter , and tho gendarmes in France engaged in their capture . Their united evidence , which ran to the length of eight days , is too voluminous for us to give evca any general epitome of it , nor would it be of any great interest ,, in as much as it only exhibited in minute detail the circumstances upon which the indictment was founded , aud wlueh recapitu . latos all the most prominent , all the essential facts aud circutnstacces . Pujade , the associate of the gang , admitted to give evidence , was a Spanish refugee Carlist , who for two years was in the domestic service ot M . Pous , a man of independent property ,, living atTassa , ( Pyrenees Orientales , ) but in February , 1 SW 5 , was seduced away by three men , one of whom M . Pons recognised among the prisoners , under the preterite of coin" to see then ?
relations iu Spain , lie went on . leave of absence to * a fortnight , but did not return lilt towards the * ud of April , when M . Pons declined taking 1 « hu back . Another of the prisoners had also been in service with another family iu France , but left it wilder the sa ne pretext . In the course of the evidence it appeared that the main object of this band in attacking the diligence was a knowledge- thoy had obtained by some means that there ; was a considerable sum of nione to be convened , by . it . This t ^ iey had searched for , and not finding it , and being unable to l «« rn from the conductor or from any of the passengers where it . was concealed , they be came -the more violent aud brutal . In fact , as stated by
thc conductor , this money was , on the coach being stor * - peil , thrown by him at . he bottom of the coupe , v . h '( re they never thought of looking for it , and where it - remained safe uutil after thuy were gone . The most fane , resting , but at the same time , the most painful part of the proceedings , was the examination of the . bereaved mother , Madame Massot . When called the firs . t lime to appear in court , she was too ill to come forwavd , and the L ' vesidenx postponed , her interrogation till 'die following day , contenting himself with reading her - previous depo . sitions , which gave a most interesting bu . i afflicting statement of the manner in which , in spita of all her cntica ties , prayers , aud promises , her sou . was toin from lni
Extraordinary Trial Of Spanish Brigands....
arms by main force , when aill threats of wrong and n . suiting violence to herself were . ' insufficient to induce her to relinquish her grasp upon hof child . On the following day she appeared in court , clothed . in deep mourning , and so overwhelmed in grief that she cddld scarcely be led to the place from which she was to give her testimony . Tho President addressed her in the kindest tones , reminding her that , however cruel the task , it was her duty if possible to rouse herself and enlighten justice . He then desired her to look at the prisoners , and » ay if she recognised any of them . With terror in her countenance sbe turned her eyes towards them , and , pointing to one of them named Jean Simon , exclaimed in tunes of agony" Oh ! that is he who tore my son away from me , and with him tore away my own life . Hu it was who rejected
all my prayers . Yes ! yes ! Indeed it was he who forced him from my arms . Murderer ! Murderer ! " Simon , j who oh the first entrance of Madame Massot hung down his head , and ever since remained immovable , now re- j sumed all his audacity , and addressed the most grossly ' insulting apostrophes to her . The President spoke to ! him in strong terms , and ordered the two gendarmes be- ! tween whom he was placed to compel him to sit down ¦ and be silent . Madame Massot , having in . a degree j recovered her self-command , again surveyed the pri- \ soners , and pointed out another named Sagalls as tho ! man who had lighted the torch and examined the facts of thc prisoners . She could not recognise any of the j others . Simon upon this asserted that ho saw there was a ' conspiracy against himand that if fifty such witnesses !
, were brought against him they would all recognise him , ! adding , " 1 shall be condemned to death , but I shall dio innocent . If I did what they say , may God never suffer j me to leave this place alive . But I will not appear again since truth is not to be hoard . To-morrow I will remain j iu my prison . " Upon this Madame Massot assured the President , that she perfectly recollected his voice . She ; then referred to the letters she had received demanding ] a thousand ounces of gold for the release of her son , but ' she could not send it , because her whole fortune was not ' equnl to the amount , and all she had was settled upon her
children . Madame Massot was asked by the Proeureuv-General whether her husband had not betn , at another time , arrested in a like maimer , and redeemed himself from captivity by giving a large sum of money . She replied that shi could not state th « fact ; but M . VillelonguQ knew more about it than she did . Madame llusso : then became ao faint that she was obliged to betaken out » l court . M . Villelongue , being called , deposed that M . Massot had informed him , that about three years ago he was taken by brigands , and kept in secret confinement . They at first fixed his ransom at 60 , 000 fr ., but afterwards reduced it to 15 , 000 IV ., which sum being paid he was liberated . At the close of the hoarinir . at which the
above evidence of Madame Massot and M . Villelongue was given , Simon , renewed his intimation to the President that he desired not to reappear in Court thc next day ; but the President would not listen to his request . The whole of the witnesses having been heard , the Procurour-Gcneral addressed the court and jury , in a speech which lasted three hours , and was listened to throughout with the profoundest attention and thc deepest interest . He concluded by calling upon the jury to deliver a verdict which would strike terror into those violators of hujnanity , ; and deter others from committing the same atrocities . He was replied to by two counsel engaged for the prisoners , who argued against the jurisdiction of the court ou the ground of tho crimes with which their clients stood charged being committed in Spain . On the ninth and last day , the President , previous to his summing up ,
asked thc prisoners whether they had anything to say in their own defence . Simon said , "AH I ask is death , and no other punishment ; for if France will commit an injustice , let it be coniplcto . " Camps , alkts Saline , another , said , " You have been told that I killed a Mous . sou de la Escuada . I have killed not only one but several of them , and if I had been at the plunder of the Diligence , I would have washed my hands in their blood . " A third , named Barlabc , alias Negrct , denied that he was present at the robbery of tho diligence , and declared that if he had been he would have cut the throats of all the officers in it , in revenge for the death of his relations , who had been murdered by their political enemies . The
rest of the prisoners said nothing , but several of them , during the trial , had protested against tho truth of the evidence given by the witnesses for the prosecution , affirming that they being Liberals wished to crush them ( the prisoners ) beause they were Carlists . When the President had summed up , and put the question to tho jury , upon which they had to decide , M . Lafabreque , one of the counsel for the prisoners , applied to the court to add to them the three following : — " Was the robbery imputed to fehc prisoners committed in Spain ? Did thc arrests and sequestrations ( secret confinements ) take place in Spain 1 Was tho murder committed in Spain 1 "
The PuocuitEUR-Gf . NEU . u argued against these questions , and the court decided that they could not be put . The jury retired about 3 in the afternoon , and , after five hours' deliberation , returned into court and declared their verdict , upon which the court withdrew to consider its judgment . During the half-hour the court was out , the prisoners were most scandalous in their conduct . All the prisoners shouted , " Long live Don Carlos ! " Fahregas , " May God give him health and strength to return to Spain . " Sagas , addressing with a smile the President , who remained on the bench , said , " I give you many thanks , Sir . " If these are ihe new laws you talk so much about , I compliment you upon them . You may call it the ballance of justice , but I call it the balance of hell . " Then turning to his fellow-prisoners and laughing he said , "Conic , we have 10 days more which are necessary for them at Paris to muddle over our papers , and then it will be all at an end ; " at the same time drawing his hand over the neck of Ieazes . Three of them were roll .
ing cigars , and were taking Hints , steel , and tinder from their pockets , with the intent of lighting them , but were prevented by the gens d ' annes . Sagals called ons of the jury by his name , and promised him that it * he or any of his family came to Spain they might rely on being well received . This scene was put a stop to by the Cfturt returning , and delivering the sentences . One having been declared not guilty , was ordered to be discharged . Tujade was condemned to imprisonment for three years , and another for five years ; one to eight years , and another to ten years close confinement and the pillory ; one to ten years and one to twenty years' hard labour at the hulks , with the pillory ; six to bard labour at thc hulks for life , on account of the jury having found that there were extenuating circumstances in their favour : and four , among whom were Simon , Sagals , and Ienxes , to death . The Court ordered that Simon aud Sagals should be executed at Ceret , and tha other two at Perpignau .
Iflarfcet Intelligence^
iflarfcet Intelligence ^
London Corn Exchange, Mondat, Apbil Cthe...
London Corn Exchange , Mondat , Apbil CThe trade opened this morning with a moderate supply of both wheat and some sorts of spring corn , consisting of peas and oats , but tho arrival of barley and beans was abundant . Thc millers bought the Essex wheats with some readiness at the prices of this day week , but the Kentish supply was not so readily saleable , anil some was left over undisposed of . For rery buperlinc barley the trade jwas about thcsan'O as last week , but anything under this quality was a very slow sale at Is . per quarter reduction . Tlie demand for oats lias been limited , without variation in price from this- day week . Beans offering plentifully , and the turn lower in value . Pease of all sorts are fully as good both i » demand and value . Seeds have ruled steady , ami some varieties are rather looking up in quotations-, being improved in demand ,, with no fresh arrivals . CUEREST PRICES OF GSAIN , FLOGS , AND
SESDIN MARK-LANE . MUTISM QIUIN . Shillings per Quarter . Wheat .. Essex & Kent , whii 8 ; new ...+: '• tolS ' - .. 57 io-7 « Ditto , red .. « »* 7 5 » .. 5 ft 68 Suffolk aud Norfolk ,. red .. 47 57 white & i 61 Lincoln and Yolk , ned .. * T . 5-Twhite-U ) « - Northuiiib . and Scotch . »(• M Rye ni — 3 S Barley .. Malting 3 » 2 i extra il — Distilling 2 <> *» Grinding 33 . 2 ti Malt .. Ship - * » 3 ' 57 Ware 5 » 61 teedlisOd to
Oats ,. Lincolnshire and . Yorkstas , , . I 23 s ( id ; potato , or shu » t , 22 s 8 d ' m 2 Ub Ud . ; . Poland , •„ ' & 6 d to 27 * fid ; JforclMnitwrtanu " . ; and Scotch , Angus , i 3 s 0 dto 25 sl ) -i ; potato ,, j 'ilsOdtoiSslid ; Irish i ' eed ,. 20 » 6 & to 22 s 6 d ; black , 206- fld to 22 s- Sd ; potatCj . 21 s 0 d to 24 s 6 d ; Gttlway , 1 'ls . Sd to 20 s G 4 _ B » a » a .. Ticks , new .. .. ~ 34 ** - old 38 * i Harrow , small ,. - 34 . 3 A old 4 « 4 « P » as .. White 87 ii ' sailers 40 44 Gray and . hog - .. S & 3 i > Flour .. Norfolk aiid . Su'fol !& .. U 4 » Town-ixnde ( persa « kof 2 o 01 b 8 i 4 $ . 5 S Buckwheat , or l & ouk SO 32
Exotisa suds , itc . K . edelovcr ( peit 8 wt . ) ~ .. » . 42 to 72 White clover Ipsr cwt . ) ¦ 4 "> 7 B Jftayesoed ( pen-last ) £ 2 S ' -8 Mustard seed , brown ( per bushel ) 7 / s to lis i white , 7 s to los . Tares , ( pe . c bushel ) , spring , 1 * . ' , winter , 5 s . ^> Gs . Cd . liuseed cakes ( per luuo of 31 b each ) £ 11 to £ 12
FOBKIOK GBA 1 K . Shillings p « r Quarter . P reu . In lloud . Wheat . .. Dantsicand Konigsberg 63 c \ tra 70 .. 40 — 59 Ditto ditto .. 54 — o'l .. 44 — 52 Ponieranian 1 & e ., Anhal ' . 56 — S 3 .. 44 — < 2 Danish , Holstein , < fcc . .. 54 — « 1 .. 42 — 48 llussian , hard » .. — Ditto , soft .. .. 55 — 58 .. S 3 — 48 Spanish , hard .. .. — Ditto , soft .. .. 5 S — 62 .. 44 — 81 I Odessa & Taganrog . havd — Ditto , soft s . .. o ' i — 8 S .. 3 'J - 48 i Canadian , hard .. . — Ditto fine > .. .. 58 — 60 ' Rve . Russian , Pruss 7 . au , iiv , —
Darla .. Grinding .. „ .. li - 26 Ditto , distilling ., .. 26 — 31 ) .. 18 — 26 Oats .. Dutch , feed .. .. 22 — 25 ' Ditto , bveiv and thick .. 25 - 2 ** .. ? 0 - 31 | lhissian 24 - 26 .. 19 - 20 i Danish & . " Mecklenburg 24 — 26 .. IS - 21 Beans .. Ticks , SS to 38 , small .. 36 - 40 .. 23 - 36 Egyptiar 33 — 35 .. 2 S — 39 Peas .. White , ' . rJ to 43 , gray .. 34 — 36 tfhjv . tr .. ttsivtsi c and Hamburgh lpc . Y barrel ) , tine 3 t » 32 , superfine .. .. 32 - 34 .. 22 _ 28 1 Canada , St ) to 33 , United Sttues 32 - 35 .. 26-28 " Buekwheak „ 30 - 32 .. 24 _ as )
London Corn Exchange, Mondat, Apbil Cthe...
roltEIGN 3 KKDS , & C . Per Quarter . Linseed .. Petersburg !! and Riga ( free of duty ) .. 42 1 * 13 Archangel , 40 to 40 , Mcniel and Konigsberg 39 4 « Mediterranean , 40 to 48 , Odessa .. 42 44 Rapeseed ( IVeu of duty ) per Inst .. .. £ 24 26 Ken Clover ( 10 s per civt . and 5 per cent , on the duty ) 4 « 64 White ditto 47 70 Tares , jiniutl spring ( free of tlutj ) 40 to 44 , large ., 44 SO Linsead cake ( tree of dutv ) , Dutch , £ 6 10 s , £ 7 . Prencli . perton £ 7 0 , £ 7 10 Rape cakes ( freo ot duty ) £ j i 9 £ ; ij and S pi-r cent . 011 tli duty . AVERAGE PRICES Of the last six weeks , which regulate the Duties from tha 2 nd to the 8 th of April . . Wheat Hurley ^ Outs .. Bye . Deans , Peas . , „ , ,. 1 s . d . s . d . s . d . ( s . d . 3 . d . s . d . Week widing ) ; " Feb , 2 ) , lSii > .. ] W 0 20 11 2 ) 6 . 3 . 2 lo SI 0 34 ; i Week ending . Feb . i 8 , 1 M .. [ to B 3 ' J 7 21 5 ! 33 4 34 2 35 2 Week endiu- ! I Mar . 7 m 6 ... « W 2 » » « W ; » « & " * 3-5 8 Week ending Jtfar . 14 , ISI « .. | S i S 20 4 il if Si 2 Si 2 Si 'J Week ending ! | Mar . 21 , m * .. ( 55 1 29 10 22 Oj 33 10 ' 34 4 33 1 Week endingi I ! M . r . 28 , 18-16 .. 55 5 30 2 , 22 li 34 0 35 0 J 3 i Aggregate aver . j j | age of the last ! , six weeks .. 54 10 29 8 21 0 33 7 34 9 34 1 London averages ( ending I " Mur . 31 ,, 1816 ); GO 2 ) 32 5 23 C , 35 5 33 10 89 6 Duties .. .. I 18 0 ; 91 : « li . H 8 6 3 ( J
Sm1tiifield Cattle Market. Ariw, (J, —Tl...
SM 1 TIIFIELD CATTLE MARKET . Ariw , ( J , —Tlie arrivals of cattle irom the continent , free of duty , into tho port of London during the pasc week have conpriscd of ( jij oxen , 131 cows , < i calves , ' 130 sheep , and 1 lamb . The following statements of the imports of foreign cattle into England , during the present year , is taken from an ollicial source , eoi > rooted up to last Saturday week : — Oxen and Prom Jan 1 to Mar 28 , 1816 . Cows . Sheep . Pi"s . London 2 , Slil .. « . i ; 77 .. m Liverpool 2 „ — .. — Hull 6 : 7 .. HI ' . ' . : * Southumptoii .. .. .. 4 .. — ., — Total .. .. 3 , 494 li , US m The change in the tone of trade of last Monday was fully supported this morning as well as upon Friday last , and is fully corroborative of ;> . revious remarks under this head , that just prior to thc lamb trade commencing an alteration would otcur as well in the range of prices as iu the general increase ol" the s-upplies . From 17 , 000 head of sin cp , which has been the average number brought to market for months past , the Mipply has increased both last week and this to upwards of 20 , 000 . Fortunately for the graziers the last season has been a prolific one for feudof every kind . Grass , turnips , & e ., have been in abundance , and of the finest quality . 'J he termination of winter , and the present favourable
prospects of a good season , mve hopes of a more mutually prosperous business to feeders , butchers , & c , and ; m advantage to thc consumer . The ycneral tia-Je this morning was dull , in part accountable to tlie state of the weather , and to the increase in the supply of sheep ; but the high price of all kinds of provisions in the retail market lias a material influence , being productive of a decreasing demand . The attendance of butchers was an indifferent one , and purchasers were very slack in their hit ' s . Prices did not vary much from last Monday , but the decline which took place 011 that day was fully supported . Tho number
of beasts on sale was 2 , 1550 , ol" generally fine quality , but did not all meet with purchasers - at ' rates ranging from 3 s . to 4 s . 2 d per stone . Tho supply of sheep consisted of 20 , 500 head , a portion of which remained on hand at the close of the market . Tolled sheep made a shade more money in some instances , but the general range of prices was the same as on Monday last . Polled ewes went at -Is , half-breiis at 4 s . 10 d ., and Downs at 5 s . 2 d . per stone . The better quality of veal was 2 d . per stone cheaper , but inferior kinds unaltered . The coarse quality of pork realised 4 s . 0 d ., being 2-. I . higher than on this day sc iiuight , hut young porkers were 2 d . lower in price .
By the quantities of 81 b ., sinking tba ofal . s . d . a . d Inferior coarse beasts . . . 2 Id 3 0 Prima large oxen . . . S 6 4 C Prime Scots , ie 4 2 4 6 Coarse inferior sheep ... S 10 4 4 Second quality .... 4 6 i 8 Prime Southdown ... 5 2 5 6 Large coarse calves . . , , 4 4 i 1 » Prime small fc' 2 5 6 Suckling eaWes , each . . , 18 0 31 9 Large hogs S 19 4 S Neat small porkers .., 4656 Quarter-old » tore pigs , each . 16 0 22 < t HB . 1 D OF CATTLS ON SAL * . ( From the Books of thu Clerk of the Market . ) Beasts , 2 , 648-Sheep , 20 , 500 -Calvas , 78-l'K'i , 410 .
PROVINCIAL CORN MARKETS . Richmond ( Yorksmm" ) , Saturday , Arait 4 . — W « had a largo supply of all kind- of grain in our market to-day . Wheat sold from 03 . Od . io Ss . I 5 d . ; oats , 3 » . Od . t » 4 v . 0 J . ; barley , 3 s . Od . to 4 s . 3 d . ; brans , 4 » , Od . t « On . 3 d ., per bushel . Manchestku Cons Maiikkt , Saturday . —Throughout tlie week thc trade has been generally of an inactive character ; but in the value of flour ( except of low and inferior descriptions , for which in the absence of all inquiry for such , holders would willinJy have accepted some abatement . to effect sale . *) , " no material ^ iteration in prices can be noted . In oa ' . s or oatmeal there was but little passing at the previous currency . At our market this morning the
transactions in wheat were on a very . f . mited scale , the best runs being obtainable at a decline of Id . to 2 d . per 70 ib ., and other sorts at even a greater reduction . Prime qualities of flour sold slowly at the currency of this day se ' ennight , whilst unknown marks , of inferior or doubtful quality , iverc altogether neglected , and their value nominal . ' There was a moderate demand for oats , and no change ia price was observable . Choice cuts of oatmeal , being scarce , sold readily at fully late rates , but feeding descriptions moved off sparingly on rather easier terms . p LiVKitrooL Corn Maiikkt , Monday , Apiil 6 . —The week ' s import of flour from Ireland if to a fair
amount , but of other articlesfniu thence thc quantities are rather limited . From abroadjithe arrivals comprise several cargoes of Indiau corrif " wheat , barley , and beans . With thc exception ; of old win at , for which we continue to experience ' algood s ' aje to country millers , at full prices , the demandVi < $ , ' new wheat and any other articles of the corn mule has been very limited during the past week . ' Prices have not undergone any particular change '" " since last Tuesday . Indian corn , duty paid , in fair request , but there has been little of good quiilitj & offerhig , iiMht holders preferring to sell in loud . \ The oniy transaction reported under bond , is the saje of a cargo of American wheat , by auction , last Vriday , at Hi . 6 d . per 7 * lbs . Western canal flour is hoid at late rates . ^
Wakjhikh > Cosx Maiikkt , Friday . — We have good arrivals of all grain to this market . There was a fair attendance of buyers to-day . The bulk of our samples , wheat , were of common qualities , and siifh . sold ai a decline of 1 * . per quarter ; and the be . -t samples were rather worse to sell . Fine barley maintained its price , other descriptions rather lower . In beans ao alteration .. Oats and shelling each fully as higk . Malt farm and in good request .
State Of Trade. Provincial Md Rkets. Hss...
STATE OF TRADE . PROVINCIAL Md RKETS . hssvs . —We scarcely ever witnessed less business done at our cloth-hall than was the case both on Saturday and Tuesday . There was a complete absence of speculation , the lnerehai . ts contir . iiia themselves to purchasing only to order ; prices continue inueh the same as for sw » c Vm » . past , and the stocks in the manufacturers' bands are very small for the 1 season , and indisposition is evinced to increase them . . In the warenonses business lus been very dull during ; the week , and the few buyers who visit the market t purchase with greater caution , and in much less s q uantities than they have usually done at this season . 1 . On the whole , the spring trade this year is duller tr hitherto than it has been for several years past . Leeds Mercury .
Halifax , — Wo much regret our inability to to » ive any better accounts of this market than what at has been recorded throughout the present mouth , h . Prospects for the future too , are gloomy and unceivTtain . ., ' " Baknslky . — -The trade of this town is considered cd dull at present : in fancy drills tho summer ordera : ra > being nearly completed , it is generally flat at tkisois . period , but the other branches of tlie linen trade ^ ex-cxperienee more than ordinary depression at this tiaieuie ; of the year . ltocHiuLK Flannkl Market , March 30 . —Thol'hoj merchants havo bought more freely to-day , hu thothoi manufactures have not been able to get any lulvancencei for their goods . The wool market has uudergoneonej little or no change for some weeks pa > t . Hkckmonuwikk Bu > k . kc MaMvkt , Ami . 3 . —1 . —* There was a little more business doing this weekeeki than last ; a lew orders were put out for the shiphipi ping trade . There was no alteration in prices exceplceplil samples on hand , which might be bought a shad « ad «
lower . NoTTiMiiUM . —The condition of the wrought cot-cot :-ton-hose branch is said , by s » me persons well eonyeriyerr sant with the matter , to be a shade better . The liucliucii kind of cotton hose , that is , above forty-gauge , havtoavn been for a long time on thv decline : ;; and , « 1 ™™ fine hMclabovefifty-gaufiO , are even ffia worse stagaj than others . The cut up branch ^ . n' ^& cVffl of the frames arc employed . ' he . drawe ^^" considered by some to be as hade he tter ^ IJt ^ ov and net trade , whether pl » w » »; ™ iwt , is still pretty good , ospeomllj * . thotwoUttei .-ei .-
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), April 11, 1846, page 7, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse2.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns2_11041846/page/7/
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