On this page
- Departments (2)
-
Text (13)
-
ifrBBWT 23, 1 850. A - th^%oIthMn star. ...
-
RECEIPTS OF JHE h'ATIOHAL LAND COMPANYFo...
-
, , , TilE ALLOTTEES OF THE O'COXXORVILL...
-
BRITISH COLLEGE OF HEALTH, Xew Rom>, Los...
-
staj 0BEat chess.njatch between London a...
-
LETTERS TO THE WORKING CLASSES! LXXVI. "...
-
RENEWED AGITATION ON THE TEN HOUKS BILL....
-
$oItce,
-
GUILDHALL.—Charge of Crueitv to a Child....
-
< xlnw Intelligent*.
-
LANCASTER. Tho commission for the northe...
-
Tin? cook of a Modern Athenian, -who lat...
-
, table, found, ob_ fifteen j^g &wa ^A''...
Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
-
-
Transcript
-
Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
Additionally, when viewing full transcripts, extracted text may not be in the same order as the original document.
Parliamex^Tary Review. Miuisters Have Re...
"'" tiMiave'iiad & e invariable effect of rousing ^ -Jnaroiysn i of furythe passions of bigotry XSnce , aiid reli ^ ous hatred , irWclihave S cursed and inflamed by a sectarian train-Vike degrading to yman , and opposed to Kfinest P rincip les of the Great Reformer , ? io = e name these madmen have hated , per-ScuU and murdered each other . The Commons a steadily passing the yathem h their successive
* s-Bius before throug S ° ffes . so that the Lords will be supplied with t sooner this Session than is usuall y the W The Australian Colonies Bill has passed SpsecoH < Ireading , notwithstaTidingeveryhod y x omiroved of the single Chamber , composed tfSrfnominees . Sir . Monatt ' s Bill , affect-F ^ giitrupt and Insolvent Members , which ™ ° ejected last year , has been again re-- ected . ^ - Dls ^^ nas ayed one of the Protectionist cards he holds in his hand , and m ' ren rise to a Protectionist debate , on which
fLggjiall have a few words to say next week . » rhe measure for the "better administration of the Woods and Forests also demands more space and attention than we can now g ive it . gjhe other matters discussed have not been of a character calling for special remarfc .
Ifrbbwt 23, 1 850. A - Th^%Oithmn Star. ...
ifrBBWT 23 , 1 850 . A - th ^ % oIthMn star . * ———* ——————— *»——»¦——¦— ¦ " i' ' ii - i ^ rimtmmimimmmanmmmmmmmm ^ mm ^ mmm ^ mmmm "' i " i ¦ ~ i ' " - - ¦— ..... , «>
Receipts Of Jhe H'Atiohal Land Companyfo...
RECEIPTS OF JHE h'ATIOHAL LAND COMPANYFob the "Week Esdlvo Thcbsdat , Febbpabt 21 , 1 S 50 . SHARES . £ s . d . £ s . d . K ^ tun-ham .. 0 5 0 Bury .. - JM ^ StaljbrMse " ?*! ^ * -, 3 „ Edinburg h .. 1 * » — ° TOTALS . ^ land Fund ii ft fi Expense ditto n » n Tr ansfeis " i " Bonus ditto ° - £ 2 10 6 W . DUOS , C . Doilb , T . Clakk , Gor . Sec . P . M'Geath , Fin . Sec . FOR COSTS OF MACNAMARA'S ACTION . Received by W . Bn > EB .-J . Fanlds , Dunfermline , Is . ; a few Cliarfets , Truro , per E . Tregenzer 6 s . 9 . ; Dudley Oflnists , per J . Danes , 10 s . ; Tollcross Cbaraste Pe"L - ShTlock . 6 s . Id . ; SottiiiR liain . per J . Sweet , 93 . 9 d . ; Warwick . Ixa-C- Tristram , 5 s . ; > wcasOwipon-Tyiie , per M . Jngt . Me . ; Dawick , per C . Hunter , U . ; Collected in « essr- - Corbett , Alexander , and Cos . Factory , Burnside , Ghfcow , i > er H . Jl'Lettan . 2 s . Cd . Received at Laxd / imcE . —Jlr- Wfllshere , 2 s . 6 d . ; Bichard Bland , Cd .
FOR THE AGITATION OF THE CHARTER . Beceived at Land Oefice . —South London Hall , 8 s . Received by Jons Absott . —James Walter , Drapers - a ] a « . St . Pancras , ! . DEBT DUE TO THE PRINTER . Becdved by TV . Rideb . —Newcastle-upon-Tyne , per M . Jnae , 10 s . DEBT DUE TO MR . NIXON , Recei ved by TV . Uideb . —Lei < jh Gleave , Rochdale , Cd . ; a few Chartists , Truro , perE . Tregenzer , Cs . 9 d . ; Twelve Democrats , Ockbroot , -5 s . ; Warwick , per C . Tristram , 5 s . ; Collected in Messrs . Corbett , Alexander , and Cos . Factory , Barasde , Glasgow , per H . JfrLeUan , 2 s . Cd . TO EXEMPT PRISONERS FROM OAKUM PICKING . Received bv TV . Ridek . — Part proceeds of Democratic Basque ! at Ilamilton , per A . Walker , 10 s . ; Collected in Messrs . Corbett , Alexander , and Cos . Factory , Burnside , Glasgow ; per 1 L M'LcIIhi , 2 s . Gd . MRS- M'DOUALL .
Beceived bv W . Bides . —TVanr-cfc , per C . Tristram , 2-=. Coflrrteain Messrs . Corbett , Alexander , and Cos . Factor } -. Buniade , Glasgow , per H . 3 I"LeIIan , 2 s . 6 d . FOR WIDOWS OF THE LATE MESSRS . WILLIAM * AND SHARP . Eecejved t > v "W . Rnrea . —Collected in Messrs . Corbett . jflHonaer . and Co ' s . Factory , Burnside , Glasgow , per II Mldlan , 3 s . TO REPAY MR . O'CONNOR FOR ADVANCES MADE TO EXEMPT PRISONERS . FROM OAKUM PICKING . Received bv W . Ripee . —Dewsbury , per 3 . Pox , 13 s .
FOR EXPENSES OF TRIAL—OXONNOR VBRADSHAW . Received by TV . RidEB . —Nottingham , per . J . Sweet , 7 s .: Leicester , a few Glove llaads , 6 s . ; Eccles , Land Members , per TV . Gregory , 7 s . 6 d . ; Mr . Moore , London , Is . ; John Anwtt , Somers Town , Is , FOR WIVES AND FAMILIES OF VICTIMS . Received by TV . Bjbeb . — Greenwich Chartists , 2 s .: Hamilton , part proceeds ot Democratic Banquet , per A . Ttalker , 10 s . ; Xeivcastle ^ upon-Tyne , per Al . Jude , U . as .: Hawick , per C . Hunter , 4 s .
NATIONAL VICTIM FUND . Received by Jobs Assott , Secretary . —Philip Elliott , Is . ; BisbyArnis Locality , per Mr . Stokes , 5 s . 2 d ; Mrs . Senior . Is . " ; Mrs . ' Brown , Is * ; Mrs . Sturgeon , Is . ; Miss Sinnnonds , Is .: Richard Bland , Cd . ; Mr . Rider , as per Star , 21 Is .
, , , Tile Allottees Of The O'Coxxorvill...
TilE ALLOTTEES OF THE O'COXXORVILLE ESTATE , TO F . O'COXXOR , ESQ ., M . P . Respected Sir , —Tve flare long observed , with regret , the numerous slanderous attacks made upon jour character and motives in connexion with the National Land Company ; these attacks coming ihunJmpwn and open foes we could well understand , and we felt neither grief nor alarm at their nnmiusated hostility ; but when we find this hostility evinced by those , to promote whose happiness and comfort yon have devoted the whole energies of your life , we cannot restrain our feeling : of grief andindignation at such ingratitude ; , and are anxious to show" our reprobation of the conduct of our trotter allottees on the various other estates—but
more especially those at Hinster Lovel , who , by their insidious petition to the Honse of Commons , feavc endeavoured once more to array against you yonrpoliticalopponents in that Assembly , and effect liy treachery and fraud the dishonest purposes they have so unblushin ^ y avowed . We are the eldest location of the Xational Land Company , and took possession of our allotments at a time when provisions were remarkably high ; this , combined with onr own want of experience , and the successive failure of the potatoe crop for the three past seasons , ias caused us to have bad many difficulties to encounter from which more favourable seasons would
iaresaved us ; and we should then have been better able to demonstrate to the world , that happiness and prosperity are the natural and inseparable results of the plan of small farms which yon have SO long and so ably advocated . But , sir , we must 6 e blind , indeed , and obstinately shut our eves Tipon facts , if we in any way attributed onr want of complete success to any eiror or want of kindness onyonr part ; on the contrary , -we acknowledge , ¦* ith gratitude , that we have had every advantage afforded to us which the Rules of the Company ever promised , and have likewise received additional privileges and assistance farbevond what we ever
an jcipated . We have likewise to thank you for the teniency shown towards as in our payment of rent ; and with all sincerity , we : issure you , that we shall have both pride and pleasure in paying the arrears eow due , as soon as our circumstances will permit . Jrasting that you will not allow the ingratitude of the few to interfere with your efforts for the benefit of the many , and that you may soon see the aJoitees on the various estates return to a sense of tneir duly , and express their regret that the sourness of temper , caused by the mishaps of bad seasons , and the wily machinations of the enemies 0 ^ labour , should ever have caused them to revile 03
e : who has endeavoured to be their benefactor , "ita every sentiment of gratitude and respect , we tmitm yours , & c , Thomas Martin Wheeler , John Lambourne , tt- Uham House , William Hoare , Charles Tawes , iJarbara Yaugban , Bobert Smith , Samuel iewsome , Mchael Fitzaimmons , Itichard Avison , George William Wheeler , Joseph Wheeler , James Cole , James R . Belts , Joseph White , William Dimmock , Martin Griffiths , ihornas Beads , Thomas Merrick , Philip Ford , JOhn II . Bradford , Thomas Eaton , John Sturgeon , W . Gamhill , William Liddle . George I ocock , Joseph Baily , Stephen Blackborou < 'h .
British College Of Health, Xew Rom>, Los...
BRITISH COLLEGE OF HEALTH , Xew Rom > , Losdos . People of England : if you desire to satisfy vonrselves ol the infernal working of the poisons introduced bv doctors as medicine , in order to keep up their « GcikeI Trade , ' " jaaCaiMBEBs ' sJocBSALofthe 20 thOctober . TB ! re - '' 4-2 flh ^ the'Gnineateide" ITO-U . UH . We see by the newspapers that the man who received the iVmi , jT Smith O'Brien ' s apprehension has just died in a ^ stiuysterious manner . Pray have an ; drops of grains y * morphia or strychnine been quietly given him ! Oh , oh , ^ guinea trade . ' S | r ? o « i ! ts again declare that there is safety for no one . J ^ J is altoether h these of
« - jeopardised throug props sl ^ trade . Let the people arise . ' . ' . ' Jn ' sft ^ r £ * case of : Miss Abercrombie , reported by Mr . "aili ^ ° ^ in his final me morials of Charles Lamb , « n tb c » *¦' " She "" ^ ^ S" Wiztif sent ont ot " " * ^ world « ffi « JTf ? 1 ) nu , « . «> order to defraud the life insurance Xn ™ i , S esumsofnionev . ' Ob , oh , the guinea trade . ItiL ^ **> fdlow countrymen , that with all these laaafi doc , 0 » there is so much disease , and that onr Pie ; 7 , ? 5 " , mas re crammed ; the very blood of the peoawJ-J ^ Jfoned by the poisons of doctors just as it is hy 001 ; out then-fte guinea trade benefits , and the world ' ^^ and round . aahT «!!^ College of Heal th and the Society of Hygeists ! oT «~! ™ ^ parties , however mgh their position may ^ -di « il IUle J ^ e responsible to God , for supporting either Vtismii S- irecUy s ™* an odious system as- that of as Deing hdj out 35 medicines , in order to put •"" ueasinte the pockets ofa particular class—the doctors .
Staj 0beat Chess.Njatch Between London A...
staj 0 BEat chess . njatch between London and Amyear » fae * W -guineas ; commenced nearly two L ,, 2 <> has . terminated , ia favour of Londen , the " « a reHgningatthefiftietlimove . ' . ,. :
Letters To The Working Classes! Lxxvi. "...
LETTERS TO THE WORKING CLASSES ! LXXVI . " Wordsare things , andasmalldrop « fink PaUing-4 ike dew—upon a thought , produces That which makes thousands , perhaps millions think . " bison .
THE TAXES OX KNOWLEDGE . TRIAL ASD ACQUITTAL OF CARL SCHAPPER . Brother Proletarians , Mr . Milner Gibson ' s motion in favour of the repeal of the Taxes on Knowledge , is fixed for this ni ght week , February 28 th ; there is , therefore , yet time for you to act on the advice given hy Mr . O'Connor , in last week ' s Star , to get up petitions in support of that motion .
It is not without due consideration that I call on yon to act on Mr . O'Connor ' s suggestion . So heartily sick am I of petitioning the House of Commons , that hardly on any other question would I deign to" place my name to a sheet of paper , addressed to that assembly . In this case , however , I have already signed a petition in support of the principle set forth in Mr . Milner Gibson ' s notice of motion . I have done so with the full conviction that petitioning and motionmaking will not have the desired result . I look upon the sheet I have signed as mere waste paper , so far as that sheet is
calculated to affect , the votes of the " collective wisdom . " I look to other measures—measures ofa very different kind to petitioningto cany the repeal of the taxes on knowledge . Nevertheless , with all my heart and soul , I appeal to you to petition Parliament in support of in Mr . Milker Gibson's motion . I do so , because at the outset of what I trust will be a glorious and effective strugg le to batter down the bulwarks of ignorance , petitioning is necessary , absolutely indispensable . Before any second step can be taken , it must be demonstrated to Parliament and the country , that the people really wish for the repeal of these infamous taxes . Tell the House of
Commons that you desire to have an untaxed , a cheap , and an unfettered press . Tell the worthy leg islators , that you are determined to have cheap and unrestricted political knowledge . Tell them so respectfully , but unmistakeably , in hundreds of p etitions , containing thousands and tens of thousands of sio-natures . Let your wants and wishes be made known ; leave to your rulers the responsibility of turning a deaf ear to your complaints and demands—the course they have nearly always taken when you hare petitioned them ; ; tnd which if they do not take in relation to this question , will most agreeably surprise all who know them .
Consider the importance of this question . Remember that ignorance of their political and social rights yet holds immense numbers of of our order in willing or apathetic thrall . And consider that that ignorance is caused principally by the Taxes on Knowledge . Thos ' e ignorant masses constitute the worst Irag on the progress of you who are enlightened . ! Next to the i gnorance and apath y ef aumbers of the working order , the most formidable obstacle to your emancipation is that presented by the unscrupulous and diabolical hostility of the Press . The
Parliament , the priesthood , judges , jurors , magistrates , soldiers , police , all combined are less p jwerful for evil than the Press-gang . The existing Press is a monopolist press , and " ts monopoly is maintained by the Taxes on Knowledge . The repeal of those taxes is the only way through which the press can be purified , and made the promoter , instead of the opponent , of Progress . The Taxes on Knowledge consist of—1 . The duty on Foreign Books . 2 . The duty on Paper . 3 . The Advertisement duty . 4 . The Penny Stamp on Newspapers .
The first of these taxes does not affect a very considerable number of your order . Yet there are always some even of your class , who , incited by a thirst for knowledge , or by a laudable ambition , acquire one or more foreign languages , and who having achieved that acquirement naturally desire to enjoy the rich mental repast to be found in the literature of France , Germany , & c . Again , there are thousands of young men not absolutely of your order , but in reality as poor as yourselves , whose education necessarily includes a knowledge of one or more languages besides their mother-tongue ,
aud who , if they desire to turn that knowledge to account , find the tax on foreign books , addin » - as it does to the cost of those " articles of import , ' ' a serious obstruction to then mental progress . Some £ 8 , 000 yearly , is the amount produced by this tax which might at once Le dispensed with , if the Government would but commence the good work of retrenchment , b y cutting down onl y a few of the sums lavished on the public locusts . The duty on foreign books dishonours this country in the eyes of forei gn nations , and should be at once expunged from the tariff .
All kinds of paper pay a duty of three-halfpence per pound . The sum total of revenue from this source is about £ 750 , 000 ; at least half of which is paid on paper used for printing purposes . On the daily journals , this paper duty is about one farthing per copy . It bears most ruinousl y on the penny and other cheap publications ; so much so , indeed , that tho Messrs . Chambers were forced to discontinue the ' r Halfpe nny Tracts , notwithstanding they had attained a weekly circulation of 80 , 000 copies ; and that discontinuance was caused solely by the operation of the tax ou paper . Considering the support given in the publications of the Messrs . Chambers to the cold-blooded doctrines of the political
economists , the supremacy of the masterclass , and the perpetuation of " wagesslavery "—the public suffered no great loss by the discontinuance of the Tracts . But had the said Tracts been in all respects as good as in some respects they were pernicious , the result of the paper tax would still have been the same . That tax has helped to ruin many valuable publications , and has been a bar to the production of many more which , otherwise , mig ht have existed , flourished , and spread abroad the blessings of really useful knowledge . :.
The Advertisement Duty —in England Is . 6 d ., and in Ireland Is . on each advertismeut—is a most unfair and injurious tax . It is unfair , because no distinction is made between the advertisement of five lines , aud that of one or more columns . The domestic servant , advertising for employmentand expending his or her lest few shillings on the desperate chance of advertising in the Times , is charged by the Government precisely tho same as the aristocrat , the merchant , the money-lender , the slop-seller , the quack , & c , who may have estates for sahj—the precious
produce of far distant lands to dispose ofsuperfluous cash to lend ' " on good security "the work of plundered needlewomen to sell at prices " wonderfully low "—or cure-everything pills to distribute at the usual philanthropic charge of " Thirteenpence-halfpenny per box —Government stamp included . " The person advertising for employment is taxed hy the Government , at the rate of at least thirty per cent .. While the monicd advertiser , occupying a column or more of a journal , pays not one per cent . The injurious effects of this tax are at
present felt mainly by small traders ; but I have already said sufficient to . show its inju rious effects as regards those of your order , who have recourse to advertising ; it should 4 ) 6 added that thousands of your class who never think of a dvertising under present circumstances , would do so in the event of a repeal of the duty . In America , where there is no tax on advertisements , all classss are in . the habit of advertising . ' An advertisement of aixlmes in a New York paper , circulating , from 20 , 000 to 50 , 000 eq ^ « U corf
Letters To The Working Classes! Lxxvi. "...
the advertiser from one to two " ¦ shillings , English money . ^ Hundreds of small traders keep their annouhcements unceasingl y before the public , » t the rate ofa little above sixpence a day . The number -of newspaper advertisdmentsin the United' Kingdom ; in the year 1818 , was something above two . . millions ; the number in the United States , in the year 1847 , amounted to tyitoara ' s of eleven millions . In
trade and commerce , England is unrivalled ; and the population of these islands still exceeds that of the United States by some eight millions , yet the number of newspaper advertisements in the American States , may be fairly estimated to amount to six times tho number published in this country ! A striking contrast , which the admirers of our glorious institutions amongst the advertising classes , would do well to ponder on .
The last , and most infamous of the Taxes oh Knowledge , is the Penny Stamp on Newspapers . This tax produces upwards of three hundred and sixty thousand pounds . The Newspaper Stamp Abolition Committee , deduct from this amount two hundred and ten thousand pounds , for Post-office and other expenses . It is pretended that Government g ives an equivalent for this tax . in transmitting the papers through the Post-office free of postage . It would be fair to charge a reasonable postage on papers as on letters ; but why
should a paper published and retailed in London be charged a penny above its value , on the ground of postage ? Abolish the stamp , and , if need be , the paper selling in London for one penny , twopence , or threepence , might be posted to Manchester at the cost of one penny extra to the purchaser living in that town . So also a Manchester paper might circulate at a price corresponding to its actual worth in that town , but be subjected to a reasonable rate of postage if sent to the Metropolis .
¦ With the stamp repealed , not a town in England of any importance , but what would have one or more newspapers devoted to the interest of the working classes . If in addition to the abolition of the stamp , the taxes on paper and advertisements were also repealed , the Times would be forced by competition to lower its price , toatleastthreepence . Twopenny papers would be more numerous than threepenny papers , and not improbably penny papers would be more numerous than either . Then instead of the working man paying
twopence for a pint of beer , or three-halfpence for a half-pint of coffee , to get a momentary glance at a morning or . evening newspaper , he would be able as he returned home from his work , to purchase his . daily pennyworth of political information , wjth . which , by his own fire-side , he could enlighten himself and his family concerning the doings of the Government of his own country—the politicial and social struggles of his own class—the movements of Foreign Powers , and events transp iring in all parts of the world .
Can any man be blind to the results which would necessarily flow . from so important , so veritable a reform ? If " knowledge is power ;" if "for a nation to love Liberty , it is sufficient that she knows it ; " if "for an enlightened people to be free , 'tis sufficient that they will it ; " would not a . cheap , untaxed , * and unfettered Press diffuse political information — make known , the beauty and g lory of liberty , and inspire the millions with the resolute will to be free ?
AYith a Free Press , the Charter would be easy of obtainment ; and , better still , the enactment of that Charter would find" the people educated in a knowledge of their rights—social as well as political ; therefore fitted to make a glorious use of Universal Suffrage ; and thereby armed against the desi gns ^ bf public adventurers and political intriguers , - of whom there are always too many on the look out for opportunities to turn public ignorance to their own account , and to traffic in popular credulity for their own advantage .
The history of these Taxes on Knowledge , and the Eussian-like laws by which the Penny Stamp is maintained , I purpose to comment on in a future letter , when I will also speak further on the injurious effects of those taxes , and the benefits that will result from their repeal . Hh the meantime 1 reiterate my appeal , that you' will petition in support of Mr . Milner Gibson ' s motion . The Newspaper Stamp Abolition Committee have the following form of a petition : — To : IDE Honorable tue House of Commons , the Petition OF THE TJSDEKSIGNED . { Here insert their Description and Locality . )
Showeth , — That all faxes which specially and directly impeds the liiffusion of Knowledge , are injurious to the best interests oi the PuMic . That the Tax upon 'Newspapers—called the Stamp ; tho Excise duty upon Taper , and the Tax up » n Advertisements are direct obstacles t » tlie spread of all kinds of valuable information amongst the great boily of tlie People . Tour Petitioners therefore pray , that the Excise lax upon Paper , the Tax upon Advertisements , and the Stamp Tax upon Newspapers , may be abolished , leaving the proper authorities U fix a small charjre for the transmission of Newspapers by the Post . And toue Petitiosers will evek That .
This form of petition must be copied in writing , as no p rinted petitions are received ; every person signing it should state his or her name and address ; it may then be directed , open at the sides , to any Member of the House of Commons , who will receive it post free . Brother Proletarians , you arc all acquainted with the name of Carl Schapper—to hundreds in this Metropolis he is personally known . After having passed many years in exile , the events of March , 1848 , enabled him to return to his country , whither he conveyed his wife and children . Taking up his residence in Cologne , he became connected with the
New Rhenish Gazette , edited by my talented , energetic , and valued friends , Dr . Marx , Frederick Engels , George Worth ( who defended the English Chartists at the Brussells Free Trade Conference ) , the celebrated poet Freiligrath , & c . The first , triumphs of the reaction in Frussia led to our friend Schapper ' s arrest . After remaining a considerable time in confinement , ho was brought to trial and acquitted . In June , 1849 , be was one of a number of Delegates who attended a Democratic Congress at Idstein , in Nassau , at ivhich Conference it appears certain resolutions savouring of " physical force" were adopted by the Delegates in support of the German Constitution . The Nassau Government had
an agent at the Conference in the character of a reporter or spy—[ tho two characters are often combined in one individual in this country ] — and on his denunciation Carl Schapper and ten others were arrested . After seven or eight months detention , our friend and his nompatriots have just undergone a trial for Hig h Treason . Two Quarterly Sessions passed without bringing the ' accused , to trial . At length they were arraigned , tbe Government hoping to have the assistance of a j ury of OPiDER-MONGERS . On the President asking his place of residence , Carl Schapper rep lied , " tho residence assi gned me by your Government is the p rison of cricounsel
minals . " The ^ prisoners and their besed their defence upon the principle , that whenever a constitution is violated by a Government , it is the right and duty of every citizen to oppose that Government , even by an appeal to arms . After a trial of eight days , the jury unanimously acquitted the whole of the accused , who were forthwith set at liberty . The trial took place at Wiesbaden , and the enthusiastic people carried the accjpitted Democrats to the large hotel of Nassau , where a Fraternal banquet was held . In the evening there took place a splendid torch-light procession , and a grand serenade , in honour of the liberated friends of the people . A joyous agitation pervaded the whole city until late at
mght , and , indeed , it is impossible to do justice to the patriotic fervour and enthusiasm of the people . One circumstance is to he deplored—a circumstance that moit infuse bitterness intirthe cup of Carl Scb apper ^ ' a triumph . While in
Letters To The Working Classes! Lxxvi. "...
prison , his wife died in child-bed , leaving the new-bora infant , - and three other young children-deprived of the care of both parents , the one removed by the natural hand of . death —the other by the unnatural hand of brigand tyrants . Happily , tl , e . latter may now rojoin his children Mrs . Schapper was an Englishwoman , and her remains were followed to the grave by the Proletarians of Cologne , who also made arrangements for the protection of the children of their friend . Honour to the people of Cologne ! honour to the people of Wiesbaden ! honour to Carl Schapper ! and to all who , like him , struggle and suffer for the good ; sausc-Democratic and Social ! ' '„ , L'AMI DU PEUPLE . Feb . 21 , 1850 .
Renewed Agitation On The Ten Houks Bill....
RENEWED AGITATION ON THE TEN HOUKS BILL . Tho late decision in the Court of Exchequer , which contrary to every ' expectation lias , for the moment , legalised the hateful and tortuous system of relays and , in point of fact , destroyed the humane principle of John Fieldon ' s ' Factory Act , has caused such a sensation in tho manufacturing districts of Lancashire , Yorkshire and Cheshire as the oldest person livin-r cannot remember . Tho Central Committce in Manchester having called a meeting of delegates from the different factory districts , a preliminary meeting of the friends of tho cause was hcM on Saturday evening last at tlie Spread Eagle Inn , Manchester , at which were present Mr . T . Fielden , chairman ; Messrs . Wood , Walker and Ban-son , of Bradford , Messrs . John and Joshua
Fielden of Todmorden , Mr . Stephens of AshtOI ) , Mr . Wm . Taylor of Crompton , Mr . Richard Cobbott of Manchester , and several members of the Central Committee . At this meeting tlie present position of the factory question was discussed with great animation , and attempts were made to form resolutions to be moposed at tho approaching delegates' meeting . Differences , however , arose according to tho views of the different persons present , some being wishful that a declaratory bill should be brought into the House of Commons by Lord Ashley , and others , having lost their confidence in his lordshi p , in consequence of a letter which lie wrote immediately after the death of tho late Mr . John Fielden recommending to the factory operatives to compromise the cause by accepting a bill for ton
hours and a half a day ; not being able to unite in favour of Lord Ashley , it was unanimously agreed that the delegates about to assemble in the morning should be left unbiased to follow their own course . The only important fact that transpired was , that Lord Ashley had stated that " the Prime Minister and the Home Secretary bad had tho meanness to wait upon him to agree , on tho part of the operatives , an Eleven Hours Bill , which proposal 1 ) 13 lordship refused to accede to , but ultimately agreed to recommend to the operatives to accept a bill f 6 r ten hours and a half per day . " It is not easy to describe the astonishment with which this announcement , coming as it did from tho best authority , was received . Letters from the Rev . G . S . Bull , Mr . Ferrand , Mr . Oastler , and other old friends of the
cause , who were prevented from being present , were read . There was but one sentiment expressed , as well in these communications as in the conversational remarks of the gentlemen who were present , that , namely , of strict adhesion to the well-known meaning and intention of the Ten Hours Act . On Sunday morning the delegates assembled at their usual place of meeting , the Cotton Tree , Great Ancoats-street , Manchestir ; That place , however , was found to be too small for the extraordinary number of factory representatives , whom this alarming , crisis in the factory question had brought together . It was observed that no former meeting of delegates had amounted to more than ninety persons . On this occasion the number was increased to over 220 , who represented twenty-six districts and towns in three counties , demonstrating this fact well worthy of the notice of Majesty—namely , that although the government mav allow themselves to
be rough-ridden by tho cotton-lords , the factory operatives arc determined to hold fast by that law , which they now call their Magna Oharfca—they have felt its benefits—they have tasted of its sweets—and they have resolved that . no power on earth shall deprive them of the least portion of their wcllTearned and dear-bought liberty . Had the Prime Minister been present at this meeting he would have discovered that there is still left in England a power stronger than that of the cotton lords ; to which he succumbs , a power which a wise ruler—under the present peculiar circumstances of this monarchy—would take heed to cherish , rather than vainly attempt to destroy . After the preliminary business of ascertaining from each delegate the particular interest that he was sent to represent had been gone through , the'meeting adjourned from the Cotton Tree to a large hall in ~ the neighbour hood , called the People ' s Institute , which was obtained on the spur of the moment . ;
Mr . PAULi-HinGKEivEs being unanimously called tothechair , ^ , ; f . ^_ i «^ - > Mr . Oastler presented himself to the meeting , and said f— Mr . Chairman and Delegates , I appear here in consequence of an invitation which I have received from the Central Committee , the . Fielden Association for the protection of the Ten Hours Act , and also at the most urgent request of Mr . Samuel Fielden , who , lam sorry to say , is ill in London : but I am bound to tell you that I have come from London contr ary to my own feelings and judgment . Without entering into any reasons , I hope that you will favour me by passing a unanimous resolution that " you will manage youv own business without any interference of mine . It has been suirsested to me , by Mr . T . Fielden , that some
of you would think it disrespectful towards ' me thus to vote . To all such , and to every delegate present I beg to state , that I shall esteem such a vote as a great personal favour I have . many reasons for believing , that on this occasiohthe delegates—and the di-legates only—should , without any advice or recommendation from me , adopt their own plans , and take their own course .., I hope there will beno discussion upon the question , but that you . will at once grant my request ; allow me to take my hat and wish you a good morning ,. ; Some discussion , however , did take place , and it was resolved that Mr . Oastler should be requested to remain . Tho usual resolution , thateach speaker should be confined to ten minutes—but in this case with an understanding that Mr , Oastler was to speak ad libitum , on all questions—was put and
carried . Mr . Oastler then stepped forward , and said — Mr . Chairman and Delegates , my principles will not allow that I should have a favour in discussion over others . You have limited yourselves to ten minutes , and I can never on this great question suffer myself to be limited to either minutes or hours . You have , therefore , without intending it , honourably relieved mo from any longer attendance here . I wish you all a very good morning , earnestly praying that God ' s holy spirit may enlighten you . in your deliberations , and lead you to the adoption of the best resolutions for the proir . otion of the great object fur which you have assembled .
Mr . Oastler was then withdrawing , when a delegate begged to ask him two questions : namely , what sort of a bill he would recommend the delegates to support , and what memhers of . parliament he would advise them to entrust it to . Mr . Oastler said , that those two questions could not be answered by' him without giving reasons , which would occupy more time than ho . should feel himself warranted in robbing them of . .. . . Another delegate said , before Mr . ; Oastler leaves us I wish to ask him if he will abide by the resolutions that this meeting may come to , and afterwards by his influence , in public and private , support the measure and the men sanctioned by us ?
Mr . Oastler then returned to tho front of the platform and said : " Assuming that this meeting will adopt measures to secure an efficient Ten Hours Act , I have no hesitation in aaauriug you all , that I will most strenuously endeavour to carry out that wish both in public and private as far as my influence extends ; arid whomsoever you select as your parliamentary leader shall have mv support . If any person imagines that I could by anv possibility make myself a clog or an impediment to the advancement of the cause of the Ten Hours Bill , that person does not read my heart . But , Mr . Chairman , there is ono thing which I shall reserve myself the right to do . Whilst oh every occasion at your public meetings and elsewhere I shall
endeavour to advance tlie Ten Hours Bill cause , I shall also , without proposing any amendments or causing any divisions , standing as I'do as a sort of link between the last and the coming generation , endeavour to infuse' into the next agitation for the Ten Hours Bill the heart-thoughts of our departed leaders , Sadler and Fielden . I know what they were ; ay , and the former opinions of Lord Ashley shall not be forgotten . It will be my business to take care that those hearts thoughts shall be engrafted on the mind of tho coming ' age . I need not now tell you what th ey were ; but this I will let out : Sadler has often said to me •• Oastler , they ought not to call tho Ten Hours Bill a humane measure ; it is after all a cruel bill , '" ( Cheers . ) Mr . Oastler then withdrew .
On the first resolution being proposed to the effect that the people inflexibly . adhered to the principles of the Ten Hours Bill , several delegates spoKe in favour of placing a restriction on the moving power as the only effectual means of securing the object they had in view . It was remarked that , it ' was tho universal . ' opinion of tho operatives that in no Other way could tte cunning and cruelty of the"masters bo successfully restrained . . This suggestion , however , was thought to be premature and , under present chcuinstances , it was thought
Renewed Agitation On The Ten Houks Bill....
to-be most advisable to be content with a simple declaratory bill . The next part of the business-was—to whose care the bill should be intrusted in the two Houses of Parliament ? It was proposed that Lord Ashley and Lord John Manners should take charge of it in the Commons , It was stated that Lord Ashley having for many years devoted much time and attention to the Ten Hours Bill , the friends of that measure should not deal too hardly with him in consequence of the unfortunate letter which he had written to the operatives , recommending a compromise with the enemy . Lord John Manners was spoken of with very great respect and with hopefulness , as a nobleman who had evinced a most earnest desire to elevate the condition of the
working classes in every branch of industry . Several of the delegates urged the addition of the name of Mr . George Bankes , and it was ultimately unanimously resolved that Lord Ashley , Lord John Manners , and George JS ; uikes , Esq ., should be requested to take charge of the bill in tho House of Commons . It was further agreed without any discussion , that the Earl of Ellesmere and Lord Fcvcrsham should be requested to take charge of the bill in the Bouse ef Lords . It was also vesel vcd that four delegates , all of them persons now working in mills , should be sent to London to canvass members of parliament , and give them such information on tho subicct as might bo necessary ; also that public meetings should be hold in the factorv districts , and petitions promoted to tho two Houses of Parliament . A long
and somewhat stormy discussion then ensued respecting the conduct of the Central Committee in recent matters , which resulted in a resolution entirely to alter its constitution , and make it , instead of a Manchester , a county committee , faithfully rcnresonting the opinions of the people in all the surrounding districts . The business of the meeting having been concluded , several of the delegates expressed a wish that , as Mr . Oastler was in Manchester , he should now be called in and be requested to give hl * M opinion on the state of the question as it at present stands before the public . This being agreed to , Mr . Thomas Fielden was sent' for Mr . Oastler , who in a short time appeared , and was received with tremendous cheering . Mr . Oastler said : Mr . Chairman and Delegates ,
—You have now settled your business , and our friend , Mr . Thomas Fielden , informs me that you wish me . to say a few words in reference to the position in which we now stand , having had the decision of the Court of Exchequer against our interpretation of the meaning of the Ten Hours Act . I have observed with deep regret , that tho Home Secretary—representing her Majesty in the House of Commons—has already basely misrepresented our case . Ho is reported to have said , in answer to a question from Lord Ashley , that he understood both parties would be satisfied with the decision of the judges . Now , I am here without any hesitation to assert , that when Sir George Grey thus disgraced himself to please his . masters—the cotton-lords—he knew that he was asserting that which was false . . He
knew that we bad never agreed to take any thing short of a really efficient Ten Hours Act , and that if the judges did decide ngaiiist us , that we were resolved never to rest until we had obtained the full benefits for which we had been labouring for more than thirty years . Now , no man knew this better than Sir George Grey ; and when he , in his place in the House of Gommons—representing her most gracious Majesty—dared to give utterance to that falsehood , he knew that he was tolling an untruth to support tyranny , that he was speaking a falsehood to crush the industrious poor . But now to the legal question . We ' are taunted by the press in the interest of our opponents , with being very ignorant on the subject oTlaw . We plead guilty—we are not lawyers—we are poor working men . We arc told
that we ought to ask pardon of the cotton-lord magistrates , and I don't know what besides . To that we demur . We took the interpretation of the law from the Attorney-General and the Solicitor-General of Sir Robert Peel ' s government , and from the Attorney-General iind Solicitor-General of Lord John Russell ' s government ; and we , poor ignorant creatures , are now forsooth , to be blamed for taking tho opinions of the highest legal authorities of the crown—authorities which every other class of persons constantly rank as next to tho Judges of the land . We knew what we meant by the Ten Hours Act , and wo thought that those high legal authorities were capable of giving the true legal interpretation of the Act , And I believe so still . Without impugning the honour , or
tho legal talent of the Judges , I have no doubt that , had the case been fairly and fully put before them , their decision would have been in our favour . Lord Althorpe ' s Twelve Hours Factory Act was passed in 1833 . Under that act relays were deemed to be legal , and were practised by some few outside cotton-spinners , very much to tlie annoyance of the great cotton-lords of the district . In 1844 , Sir James Graham brought in his Twelve Hours Factory Act . In that act a clause was introduced , at thosuggestion of the great cotton-lords themselves —we , the Ten Hours Bill men , having nothing to do with it—for the express and avowed purpose of preventing relays . That clause was settled by the ootton-lovds themselves , this factory inspector , the Home Secretary , and the Attorney and
Solicitor-Generals , wit . h n . ° other view than to put a stop to those little manufacturers who were gaining an advantage over their richer neighbours by working r .-lays under the act of 1833 . When tho act of 1844 was passed , a few instances of relays were still at . tempted to be worked . Representations were made to Sir James Graham , and under his authority , and . under the authority of the law advisers of the Crown , they were declared to be illegal ; and during the ministry of Sir Robert Peel the question wiis settled . Nay , even under the present ministry , the opinions of the Attorney and Solicitor-Generals were taken ; and until John Fielden ' s nee of 1 S 47 was passed , it was universally admitted by the
lawyers , tbe magistrates , and the cotton-lords themselves , that relays were illegal . And what did the act of 1847 do " in this case ? Nothing whatever . The clause against relays in the act of 1841 is not altered , interfered with , or meddled with at all . It remains as much the law of England as it was then , having received this further confirmation of the intention of the legislature , that , during the last debate on John Fielden ' s Act in the House of Commons , Mr . Denistonn , the member for Glasgow , attempted to induce the house to insert a clause in the act of 1847 legalising relays , and failed therein ; tlie house rejected it . Had these facts come before the judges , they could not have doubted what was the intention of the legislature . I will add no more
at present . Wo shall have many occasions of meeting together shortly , and if all the world beside should be doomed to tremble at the nod of the cotton-lords and their slavish Home Secretary , we will let them know that the law shall yet be made strong enough even for them . Good night , my Iriends , good night . : ( Loud cheers . ) The meeting thea broke up .
$Oitce,
$ oItce ,
Guildhall.—Charge Of Crueitv To A Child....
GUILDHALL . —Charge of Crueitv to a Child . —Mr . Edward Kenealy , barrister , of No . 4 , Southsquare , Gray ' s inn , was brought up in custody , on the charge of cruelly beating " his child , who went under tlie name ot Edward Hyde . —Tlie child was placed on the tabic before the alderman , and repeated ; the statement of how he had been treated , but said that although he was hung up , it was not by the neck , but his hands were tied together , and he was then hung up . He was partly stripped , and the wounds ,, which had such a shocking appearance on Wednesday and Friday last , were fast healing . —Mr . Kenealy stated that he had treated
the child with kindness , and denied that he was so cruet as had been represented in the accounts of the case put forward in the newspapers , which , he asserted , were highly coloured . He did not deny having beaten the child , but he hud done so only as a parent should , and not with undue severity . He then put a number , of questions to the boy as to whether he did not behave kindly to him , allow him to kiss his ( defendant ' s ) hand , wash and dress him , buy him toys , & c , teach him some fine songs , instruct him in reading and writing , ami reprove him if he told a fib , to all of which questions the hoy gave a- ready reply in the affirmative . —The child was again exhibited , and the result was hisses from most parts of the justice room . —Sir
Petor Laurie said it would be necessary to remand the case for the evidence of a surgeon and some other witnesses , as bethought it was a case for a jury to decide . He should remand tho case until Thursday , and would take bail himself in £ S 0 , and two sureties in MO . —A cabman stepped forward , and said that if the Alderman would permit him be would take the child home and bring it up with his children . —Sir P , Laurie said he could not do anything of the sort . Several persons in court , who had heard the case , had made similar applications , and amongst them was the name of a knight well known in the medical world . He appreciated the good feeling that prompted him such offers , I ut he had no power to dispose of tho child in such a way . —Mr . Kenealy was bailed out and the female Summers discharged .
On llmrsday Mr . Ivenealy again appeared before Sir Peter Laurie and Alderman Hunter , charged with brutally ill-treating his natural child , hy hanging it up and Hogging it in a most cruel manner , from its ankles to tho napo of its neck . Some additional evidence having bcon hoard , Sir Peter Laurie intimated that the magistrates intended to send the caso to the Middlesex Sessions . —Mr . Burnie , on behalf of Mr . Kenealy , proceeded to contend that the beating was riot so severe that , the magistrates mig ht not deal with it summarily . He claimed the right ofa father to correct his child to any neoes . sary extent , and as long as a child continued contumaciotts the chastisement must be continued by thofather . Tho child must not bo . the victor . —Sir Peter Laurie said it was not a question for summary jurisdiction , but for ft jury to doo . ido whether
Guildhall.—Charge Of Crueitv To A Child....
he had not exceeded his duty by correcting tho child too severely . The case must go to the sessions . —Mr . Kenealy was allowed at large , on condition of his appearing with his bail on Saturday to answer tho charge on tho 5 th of March . T « i 2 > 0 F G ^ m'nal As'AUXT - J . Solomon , of i a , j , tain » aSain appeared before Sir PeterLanrie anu Alderman Hunter , to answer the cbareeof com-!? , io v ' ? pe on Ws Cher ' s servant . —Mr . Lonsjuaie , solicitor , said that he attended on behalf of one as he hnSerS of / he S ! rI > »»«> "fched for a remacd , mostsnvte' , taken away , and her friends were SdaZn V ^ n r , ? hcre 8 he va 3 ' HeundcrbZtfi w , f £ . 50 , had be «> given to the girl not to SfJ ^ lZlV case , —Mr . Lewis objected to i «/ ficiuuice lent
„ . _ i < i .., . o ""•«« n s c , when be might know nothing whatever of any mone * be . ng pa . d -S r Peter Laurie preferred hmin ^ what Mr Lonsda chad tos y .-Mr . Lonsdale said , that after the last examination on Friday the girl went to her lodgings and remained there until Monday . whea her 8 lster , a Mr * . Bradshaw , took her away , fayine that she was her guardian . —Some further investigation took place , but no additional facts possessed of public interest were elicited . —Sir Peter Laurie said he should remand the case , as it was one of an oggra « vated nature , and where , most likely , chloroform had been used . It was much used now , and for most disgraceful purposes , which must be put an end to . It it was allowed to be used for such purposes , then he s-hould regret that such a valuable discovery had
ever been made . —Mr . Lew ' s thought that the mere ex-parte statement of the girl , ought not to induce the alderman to imagine that chloroform had been used . —Mr . Alderman Hunter said that , from the girl's evidence , it was plain some no . iii'US drug had been administered . —Sir P . Laurie , said he should remand ihe case until Tuesday next , and increase the bail , requiring Mr . Salomon to enter into his own recogt . isance of £ 200 , and two sureties in £ 100 each . — Mr . Lewis hoped that , at the next examination , soaie tangible charge would be made out—Sir P . Laurie said he should remand the case from time to time until the girl was forthcoming . —The required bail was forthcoming , and Mr . Solomon left the court with his friends .
MAIULEBONE . —Attemptad Muh » kb aw Svtcide . —Elizabeth Higgins , the wife ofa wheelwright living at 33 , Little Carlisle-street , Portman-market , was brought up on the heinous charge of having attempted to murder her three children , of the respective ages of seven years , five years , and seven months , by drowning , and to ~ t erminate ber own existence by the same means . —Ann West , 32 , Orcasstreet , Paddington , deposed that on Monday evening last , at a quarter to seven o ' clock , as she was coming up the Bloomfield-road , adjoining the Regent ' s Canal , she saw the prisoner on the towing path , with the baby in her arms , and the other two children by her side . She lowered the baby gently into the water , in order , no doubt , to avoid the noise which a splash would have caused , and upon
witness observing this by looking between some palings , she instantly gave the alarm . Tbe prisoner then put another child into the canal in the same way , and having done that , sho went in herself , dragging the third child in with her . — Mr . Broughton : Did you hear any screaming from either of them ?—Witness : One of the children , cried out " Father , " and another " Help ! " A man came running towards me , and I said to him , " For Gcd ' s sake , master , make baste , for there's a woman and her children drowning . " He pulled off his coat and hat , and was going to jump in , when another young man plunged head foremost into the water , and being a good swimmer , ho fortunately succeeded in rescuing the vmoner and her family . At the doctor ' s to whom they had been
taken and properly attended to , the first expressions used by the prisoner , as soon as she was in some measure restored ., were , " What has become of my dear children ? " I had her baby in my arms , and when she saw it she burst into a " flood of tears . —J . Rollins" a painter , living at 6 , Devonshirestreet , Lisson-grove , stated that hearing loud cries for assistance , he hastened to tho spot , and divesting himself of a portion of bis upper clothing , at once plunged into the canal , on the surface of which he perceived four persons floating in the middle of the water , the depth of which was very considerable . He laid hold of and brought out the prisoner and two children , and just as he handed them to some persons on the bank , a boat came along which prevented him at the moment from seeking for the other child . As soon , however , as it passed by he again swam out , in order to find the remaining one ,
impossible , and was in the act of swimming back again , thinking that the case was hopeless , when his foot struck against something , and on putting his hand down as low as he could , he seized hold of the other child by its clothes , and got it out ; it was then , to all appearance , dead . —The husband , who sat by the side of the bar , had in his arms one of tho children , five years old , and who was so miraculously saved . —Mr . SturtandMr . Humby , surgeons , were examined , and they deposed to the dangerous condition in which tho prisoner and two of her children were when brought to them in a cab . —The prisoner said she bad no questions to put to either of the witneasca , and stated that nor husband ' s nog lectand illtreatment bad brought her into all the trouble ; at the time of her attempting to drown herself and children , her mind was in such a state that she knew not what she was about . —Mr .
llroughton remarked impressively upon the heinous nature of the crime alleged against the prisoner , and said that he was bound to send her for trial ; she would be brought up again next Wednesday ; when , after the depositions had been taken dowa in due form and read over , she would be committed .
≪ Xlnw Intelligent*.
< xlnw Intelligent * .
Lancaster. Tho Commission For The Northe...
LANCASTER . Tho commission for the northern division of Lancashire was opened on Saturday last , before Mr . Baron Rolfe and Mr . Baron Alderson . The business of the assize was resumed on Monday morning . " Sending A Thbeatenino Letter . — William Walker was charged with sending a threatening letter to John WilTick Thompson in order to obtain money .-Mr . M' Oubray appeared for the prosecution , and Mr . Whigham for the prisoner . —The prosecutor it appeared , is an attorney at Lancaster practising in tho Insolvent Court , and the prisoner had been employed by him as his clerk . They separated on some misunderstanding , and the prisoner sent him in a bill of £ 11 for his services , which the prosecutor refused to pay ; upon which the prisoner wrote to him a letter requiring his account to be
settled by the following Saturday or he would proceed against him in the county court ; and also stating he should not stop there , but it was his intention to indict him for perjury in an affidavit in the Insolvent Court , stating " the particulars which he should prove ; but stating that if he would settle the prisoner ' s account he should net proceed against him . The prisoner afterwards did take proceedings in the county court , and obtained £ 5 . —For tlie defence it was contended that this was not a threatening letter to extort money , but to obtain the payment of a debt . —Ilia lordship in summing up said , whether the money were owing to tho prisoner or not made no difference , and that if the letter had in any way hastened the payment of tho debt , the indictment would bo supported , — Tile Jury , found the prisoner " Guilty , " and he was sentenced to be imprisoned nine months .
Makslai- ' ohtei ! . —Henry Glover was indicted for the manslaughter of Edward Latham , at Preston , on the 24 tU of Sep . hist . —Mr James and Mr . Milne prosecuted ; Mr . Monk defended the prisoner . —It appeared that the deceased was gardener to Mrs . Pedder , of Ashton Lodge , near Preston , and that on Sunday the 23 rd of September last , he aud a man named Alexander Giles had been in company together from noon to midnight , going about to different public-houses in the neighbourhood cf Preston , drinking . About twelve o ' clock at night they went to a public-house called the Watering Trough , in Watery-lane , were they stayed some short time , and then left , in company with four other men who were strangers . After they bad proceeded a little way down Watery-lane , Alexander
Giles quitted the party , and shortly after , the four men left , and then the deceased and the prisoner proceeded on the road together . About a quarter to ono o ' clock , a man named Charles Billington was going down the lane , and heard as ho thought two men quarrelling , and on going rearer , he saw oho of the mon on Hie ground , and the other tnying to lift him up against a wall , and the one asked the other ; ' "If ho had had enough ? " On , going a little nearer , one of the men ran away , an » J on going up to the man on the ground , who was tho- deceased , tho matt who had run away , returned , and he was tho prisoner . Tho prisoner and the witness then , went away together , leaving the unfortunate man in the lane . As they parted , the prisoner said . Tbe unfortunate
" Though must not mention it . " man was shortly afterwards founii dead , and wass carried into the-ltawstonc Arms puWic-houEe , whea blood flowed from tho ears and nose . On examination by the surgeon , the body was discoyeredito . have various bruises upon it ; two of the ribs . were broken , one of which had baen -forced inip . the spleen , which was the cause-oi'death . —lib . Lordship having summed up , th » fury returned ) a verdict of "Not guilty . " —The Civil Court was-oceupied the greater part of the mowing in disposing of an action brought by reasoa of fche levying of au excessivodistress , wind ; was of no particufcr interest : and at one o ' clock , th , ® assizes having terminated , the learned judgo and the bar proceeded to , Appleby .
Tin? Cook Of A Modern Athenian, -Who Lat...
Tin ? cook of a Modern Athenian-who lately purchased a cod for her mastetfa cutting it open , that she had get herrings into tbe bargain . A quaktuv of meat bas been roasted way noar Lei ghton Buzzard by a fa fire , By the time the train stopped , . most , of the meat was cooked ,
, Table, Found, Ob_ Fifteen J^G &Wa ^A''...
, table , found , ob _ fifteen j ^ g & wa ^ A '' 'ia ^ 'i oawMHpPr « ck \^ M ^> fe a , t twwSpjfe / . - ? fSJ' - ^ y hie ,. found , on ; eon ftdbjl ^* Af 7 > v ^ ip yv Wfcffi & hrMWte 0 ' £ -mf ^ wofs ^ sf ^ - sihiQ : / -Cjr i ^ fw < % § f » y
-
-
Citation
-
Northern Star (1837-1852), Feb. 23, 1850, page 5, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse2.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns2_23021850/page/5/
-