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August 24,1850. THE NO^IIER^; STAjfey 3
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apoetri
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[•THE THE SLAVEHOLDERS AST) THEIR AILIES
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-CALIFORNIA. ITS PAST HISTORY; ITS PRESE...
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Ax Axecdotk of Reknauotte.—It was some t...
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DU BARRY'S HEALTH RESTORING FOOD TtfE REVALESTTA ARAI5ICA.
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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August 24,1850. The No^Iier^; Stajfey 3
August 24 , 1850 . THE NO ^ IIER ^; STAjfey 3
Apoetri
apoetri
[•The The Slaveholders Ast) Their Ailies
[• THE THE SLAVEHOLDERS AST ) THEIR AILIES
AS AMERICAN POEM . q Qm-nch every free discussion light-Clap on tbo legislative snuffers .-i And catrtk with" resolution s" tight The ghastly rente the Union suffers . 1 Let Church and State brand Abolition J As heresy and rank sedition . ' C ^ SSS ^^ = " <^« MKW B ^ tKSarrner ' s steps abont i hint his cherished treason out . J Do more , FUl up your loathsome gaofa v Wiib faithful men a ;< d women—set The scaffold up in those greeu vales ,
& a < l let the verdant turf be wet ¦ Wi th blood of unresisting men-Aye , do all this , aud more—what imm ? Think ye , one heart of man or child Will falter from its lofty faith , At tbe mob's tumult , fierce and wild , Tbe prison cell—the shameful death ? 5 o I—nursed in storm and trial long , The weakest of our band is strong . ¦ Ob I while before us visions come Of slave-ships on Virginia ' s coast—Of mothers in their childless home , Like Rachel , sorrowing o ' er the lost—The slave-gang scourged upon its way—Tbe blood-hound and his human prey"We cannot falter I Did we so ,
The stones beneath would murmur out , And all the winds that round us Wow-Would whisper of our shame about . " So I Jet the tempest rock tbe land , Our faith shall live—our truth shall stand . True as the Vaudois , hemmed around With papal fire and Roman steel-Firm as the Christian heroine , bound Upon Domitian ' s torturing wheel , "We bate no breath—we curb no thought—Ccme what may come , we fames Kor I Jobs G . "WiniirEn
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-California. Its Past History; Its Prese...
-CALIFORNIA . ITS PAST HISTORY ; ITS PRESENT POSITION ; ITS FUTURE PROSPECTS . M'Gowan and Co ., Great Windmill-street , Haymarket , "London . ~ We have no hesitation in pronouncing this " book the beat that has yet been issued on this exciting subject . To the character of originality the author mates no pretensions , bat he has , by careful and extensive research , brought -together a mass of information underthe three leads set forth in tbe title page , which is not
to be found in any other single work extant . 3 ? r « m the introdnction it would aprjear , that it was first intended specially for the use of intending emigrants to the El Derado ; and a great amount of very useful information for that class of persons , and emigrants generally , is contained in the preliminary aud closing cbapfa-rs . The author seems , however , to Lave lieen speedily induced , b y the romantic and extraordinary nature of the subject , to abandon the originally limited plan of his work . Commencing with a graphic and interesting geographical and topographical descrip tion of this magnificent region , we are conducted through the successive phases of
society it has presented since its first colonisation by the Spaniards , in the year 1602 , to its conquest b y the United States , in 1846 ; the subsequent discovery of the gold on the American river , and the alrnost incredible influx of population , -wealth , and enterprise into a country which , previous to that period , was a wilderness . The work is , also , enhanced b y the stirring and dramatic style in which the adventures of gold digg ers are skilfully tatfir"woven with graver matters , and tho growth of large cities , and of a mighty commerce ; the ioroiation of a constitutional government , a legislature , and a complete judicial and municipal system , with a rapidity never before "known in historv , are forcibl y depicted by the
\ m * . The description of the system of colonisation introduced under the Spanish monarchs by the Dominican Friar ? , and applied with such sacoMS to the native tribes , is exceedingl y interesrinjr , and contains all the elements of a systematic p lan of colonisation , fur superior to anything that is now attempted in that line by our enlTghtened philosophers , who prescribe -emigration as a panacea for our social evils . Under the mild rale and admirable discipline of the Friars , the Califoruian missions prospered in the hi g hest degree , and amply repaid
to the state all the assistance granted to them at the outset . When the rule of the Spanish Tnouarthy was thrown off by the Mexicans , however , the Republican government virtually ^ oiifiscareti the vast dom .-uns and large wealth possessed by the Friars , and at the time the United States took possession of the country , out little of the former high cultivation of the missions was to be seen . The government and the people combined to neglect the resources of the country . The native California !! residents ¦ were an indolent , proud , pleasure-loving race , anions whom anything approaching to systematic iudustry was unknown .
Tbe rorernment and people , ( says our author , ) ^ ere c- > : « - ] usiveiy Roman Catholic , and the system t * nor , c « 2 bly intolerant . 5 o Protestant had any civil rights , nor could they hold any property , or indeed . " rw . rain a few weeks on shore , unless they helotizc-i to some of the trading vessels . Under the influence of the blind cupidity of the gorermaenr , and the habitual indolence of a race such as lias been described , the country gradually relapsed into wilderness and barbarism . The stock found in the missions were disposed of without any attempt to replace them by breeding . The herbage
-was luxuriant , and at times so rank that it almost became unwholesome ; yet the inhabitants were too iiiy to undergo even theslightestexertion which was necessary to provide au abundance of milk , butter , and che . jse from the abundance of milch cows which ¦ c ropped h . Tbey chose rather to slaughter tbe v ' asr ' ber'is of cattle which wandered from pasture to pasture , for the hides and tallow , for with these the nece . MStries of life could be obtained without labour . Their fl > sh was partly consumed , and partly left to decay upon the ground , which in many places around tbe missions was whitened for acres with
the bones . In the rural districts deserted villages became of more frequent occurrence . The towns fell into decay , ihe Indians fled into the woods to fesaa : e their old habits , or took possession of the domains formerly under the sway of the friars , and thus a ro « ina , more extensive than Great Britain and Inland , a few years since had a population of only eight thousand white inhabitants , and perhsps six t » a . -es that number of roving Indians . Influences , however , were silently at work destined to change this system of wasteful mismana ^ ompm on the part of tbe Mexican government , and ofshnuandsupmenesson the part of the people . The American and English adventurers who settled in Monterey and other towns , married Californians , became united to the Catholic Churob , aud acquired
Considerable propertv . An An ?! o-Saxon party bad thus been gradually and uns uspectingly formed in all the principal towns , and it latterly received an immense accession of strength b y the influx of Americans , who , having wen d ' uaypoyateri in Oregon , crossed tbe Bear aiounuijKs into the more fertile valleys of Alta Ofiuornsa . other adventurers , Americans and a Jew ji . n lisb , with little propertv bevond their lives , crossed the Rock y Mountains " from the Western bates , and , after traversing the drearv region of tbe Gnat Basin , established themselves where nniuu would give them tbe greatest political pre-SaSFHu ' 1 ? SBit was ' that - like » e Israelite sues a . old , they discovere d the fertility and protnTrS ° , ° ^ t * it was '' indeed a goodly land . Tlie spirit of cuniditv v ™ « -.., *» ,,
in tbe lusted States . A war wi th the Mexican Republic *» provoked ; rightly or wroug l ^ Tis not « ur purpose here to inquire . The Southern Beoubhe was no match for the powerful Federation of the tpper California aud iew Mexico to ; he United bares ; Mexico receiving , as compensation for the same , tweety-five millions of dollurs , or . In ronnrl numbers , about fire millions sterling . From tbe time the fb g of the United States was Kited ; a the country , in July , IS 1 G , eventhinp began to wear a different appearance . Confidence was inspired ; industry received an im pulse . Crowd *
ttrronged down upon those fertile valleys which had for many years been neglected . Prosperity appeared to approach by rapid strides ; Villages sprung up , as though by magic , in various parts of the country ; tht sound of the axe was heard in the " fc ^ t ; the anvil echoed among tie ravines : the
-California. Its Past History; Its Prese...
hammer rattled m the workshops . The harbour ot San Francisco was . furrowed b y the keels of an increasing commerce . - The sites of new towns were prepared ; old communities revived ; aud San Francisco itself , which we may take as a type of . tbe other towns , as Monterey , Uew Helvetia , and the City of Angels , from a vulage containing some two hundred inhabitants , grew , within a comparatively few months , to be a thriving little town , with a population of twelve hundred . So sudden was the revulsion of feeling in the country , that tho peop le who had before Slumbered in utter idleness and apathy , now laboured so perseveritigly , ana with so much heart , to recover lost ground , that they forgot , as Captain Polsom expresses it , to divide the Sunday from the rest of the week . California was clearly on the highway to prosperity and commercial importance .
Rut another and more extraordinary change was at hand—a change affecting not only the destinies of California , but of the civilised world . This was the discovery , that a large portion , if not the whole , of the region westward of the Sierra Nevada , is richly impregnated with the precious metal . As soon as this fact was known , Such a sceue immediately ensued in the country as perhaps has not been witnessed since Mammon first assumed his imperial sway over mortals . The whole male population , of the adjoining districts abandoned their ordinary callings , and betook themselves to tho tributaries of the Sacramento to collect the precious metal . The success which attended their efforts outrivalled the imaginative
creations which the most sanguine follower of Croesus ever conjured up before him . In tbe bed of every torrent , and in every ravine , gold of the purest quality was to be found . With the speed of the fiery cross the news , spread over the whole country ; and never did clansman obey the summons of his chief with half the alacrity that on the present occasion every person in the valleys of the San Joaquin and the Sacramento exhibited in deserting his duty to join in the aureal race . No sooner was the discovery of such abundance of the precious metal made known in San Francisco , than , with two or three exceptions , every person that
could wield a shovel or a pick-axe set out for the favoured region . Tbe soldier * en masse abandoned their posts , apply to their use the officers' horses in their eagerness to arrive sooner at the goal . Only two sergeants remained to protect the magnificent prey which the Americans had so long coveted , and but so recently secured . Tbe sailors in the bay deserted their ships , and the labourers on land followed their example , leaving the merchandise lying like useless lumber on the shore . The merchant forsook his ledger , the clerk contemptuously flung away his pen , the lawyer threw up brief , and all , including farmers and priests , mechanics and physicians , pressed forward to tbe regions of gold .
Tbe Valley of the Sacramento was made populous by the influx of adventurers . A city of tents sprang up in all directions . Encampments thickened along tha banks of the river ; the bivouac fires of the gold-seekers blazed in every hollow ai'd on every hill ; waggons and teams poured in from the coast ; the Indian villages emitted their inhabitants to swell tbe army of delvers which swarmed and toiled throughout tbe gold region . Nothing can be imagined more extraordinary than the spectacle pre-euted by the hills , valleys , and slopes ; tents ot white canvass , shining in the sun , and scattered irregularly over the country , contrasted strongly
vrhh numerous hats of sombre colour , which , constructed of rushes and branches , and stored with rude implements , constituted the only shelter of many who were rich iu gold , but who could scarcely obtain sufficient food to support life . Tbe ripen ng harvests had been left to rot , or to be trampled down by the beasts , and no adequate arrangements for supplying- tbe wants of a large population , thus suddenly collected together in an almost uninhabited district , could be expected . Roughly built stoves alternated here , and there , whilst many of the gold-seekers were constrained to seek caverns in the ravines , or to be content with the bare roof of Heaven . .
Large , however , as was tho influx of gold-seekers none were doomed to disappointment . Gold digging , however , is hy no means either a pleasant or a safe pursuit , as shown by the adventures of those who have been engaged in it , and whose narratives impart so much livel y interest to the work under notice ; one of these persons thus state the result of his own experience : — It is not to be denied that a trip to California is no jolie . After an adventurer arrives there , unless be has a great deal of money , or its equivalent in self-denial , and an iron constitution , be is doomed to great suffering . A couple of weeks' residence at Sau Francisco is so expensive that it will eat up manv hundred dollars . Tbe journey to tbe mines
is tedious aud difficult . After he arrives at them he finds tbe ground ha . s been thoroughly explored , and all the best places " prospected " and occupied . If he starts off for any new spot he is in danger of starving to death . What he can gather he has to expend for food at very exorbitant prices , and now and then a hug from a grisly bear , or an arrow from some unseen bow , concludes the journey . In the wet diggings , if he has strength to bear the labour of 'iiggit-g . stooping , and washing , he is obliged to be constantly in the water : in the dry , he is exposed to a hot sun * or the most piereini ! cold . Very many give up in despair , after the first attempt , and make their way hack as soon as possible to the settlements , often doomed to certain death when they arrive , by attacks of the dysentery , the change of climate and its labours .
And yet there are thousands who endure all this and more , and acquire fortunes in a very short time . The gold is inexhaustible , but human life is precarious . Illustrative of this , let me relate an anecdote . Not loi ; g since a party of PJiiladel phians went to work on a place near the Yuaba . river , and after working for some weeks , settled up their accounts , and were losinjr fifteen dollars each . They left in disgust , and sold out their right to another party at a little distance , who were getting out a thousand dollars per day . These hist , after the Pbiladeipbians had left , repaired to their new purchase , and by digging only one foot deeper , struck a vein equally as profitable as the other . A New York lawyer , who deserted his green bag in search of a fortune at the mines , gives the result of his two months" experience of them in a letter to his friends ; the prospects at tho diggings , he
candidly confesses , were not so flattering as they ap pearedat New York . The company he was with had realised very little above the expenses of living , having averaged only abont four dollars a day . The work was very laborious for tlus amount Tbey rose at four o ' clock , took breakfast , consisting of coffee , " flap-jacks , " aud sometimes meat ; worked till twelve , rested an hour or two , and then worked again till sun-down . Six of them , with a machine , washed about three hundred pans of dirt in a day . They frequently worked two or three days and found no gold ; then , again , they took from half-anounce trTeig ht ounces a day . " It is , " says the writer , " all a lottery . If a man is fortunate , he will strike a vein , and take from two to twenty pounds weight out of a hole . But this happens very seldom . The gold runs very irregularly , and can be procured only by hard labour , equal m every respect to that of sewer or canal digging . "
Nor was this bard life softened by any luxuries , ] or mitigated l-y abundance . Provisions were high ; and , in order to Uveas cheaply as . possible , tho party eat nothing but " flap-jacks , " meat , and coffee—morning , noon , and night . To make money was their object—not eating . "AU miners eats sleep , and live like hog- * . We sleep on the ground , covered with dust . and dirt ; our table on the ground , among ants and bugs of all descriptions . I have not slept one single night without my clothes since I left home . " In short , the lawyer had not mended himself by deserting the more certain money-making profession of law for that of a goldhunter . Wo have already stated that ihe work contains vivid descriptions of the rapid growth of new towns in various parts of the country , and we are told , that
With tbe usual enterprise of the Americans , steamers , suited to the navigation both of tho Bay of San Francisco and the Sacramento and San Joaquin livers , have been introduced . The small steamers are daily pushing their way higher up , and reaping a rich harvest , while they enhance the value of property , and increase the property of the inhabitants . In a short time the waters , which two or three years ago were unvisited by any vessel larger than an Indian canoe , and were frequented by the native tribes only for the purpose of fishing , will be traversed by steamers as regularly as the Clyde , the Humber , or the Thames , and their streams be thickly dotted with populous and thriving communities . " The facilities for communication are already good , and are daily increasing , so that in this respect later emigrants will not have to encounter the inconveniences and hardships which had to be faced by the early gold-hunter ? , and other seekers after wealth . At present , the accoimnoda > tion is charged in accordance with every thing else in California ; that is to say—very high .
Notwithstanding the motley character of this hastily-collected population , it would appear that law and order" were very generall y preserved , but last year A movement was made for calling together a Convention in Monterey , in order to frame a constitution , subject to the subsequent approval of the people at large . Public-meetings , ballot-boxes , and other political machinery , aro familiar to American citizens . The want was no sooner stated and felt , than it was supplied . A Convention was organised , comprising many of the men of greatest mark and celebrity then iu the country . They met at Monterey , m September , 1849 , after having been freely
-California. Its Past History; Its Prese...
chosen by their respective constituents in the various districts , to proceed with tho solemn and important duty confided to ' them ; arid , " five weeks afterwards , they met on the morning of the 13 th of October / to discharge theif last public corporate duty—that of si gning the constitution they had agreetTto . Trul y , . our Yankee cousin ^ are " goahead mall respects . ' Their railway " speed in legislation , contrasts strangel y with the cumbrous and leisurely march of such affairs at home . The composition of the convention was , of course , sufficiently varied ,. and we are informed
Occasionally , an amusing scene occurred , which indicated the temper as well as attainments of tbe delegates . A section of the constitution being under consideration , in which it was declared that every citizen arrested for a criminal offence should be tried by a jury of his peers , a member , unfamiliar with such technical terms , moved to strike out the word " peers . " " I don ' t like that word' peers , '" said he ; "it aint repuMic . in ; I'd like to know what we want with peers in this country—we ' ve not got a monarchy , and we ' ve got no House of Pai'I ( a
ment . " > I vote for no such law . But , notwithstanding such occasional infractions of legislatorial etiquette ^ according to European notions , the Convention succeeded iii framing a constitution that may , perhaps , be safely pronounced the most liberal and advanced ever yet propounded for tho government of any community , ancient or modern . State officers were appointed , and an app lication made for admission into the Federal Union , as a State ,, which is not yet decided upon , but which , there is no doubt will be ultimately carried .
One of the most interesting chapters in the work is devoted to the history of the rise , progress , persecutions , and present flourishing condition of the sect of Mormons , ' in the interior of the Great Basin , where they have also organised a constitution , and all the machinery of a government , and applied for admission into the Union . That has just been refused , by the Senate at Washington ; but , we believe , with the continued influx of converts , and consequent increase of power , the end will bo their recognition as a sovereign State . Four years ago the district had not a single settled inhabitant ; now take the impressions of a recent American traveller as what he saw around him in the city of the Great Salt Lake : —
I can scarcely realise that I am a thousand miles from homo I The cultivation of an old settled country—the bustle and activity of a city—the necessaries' and even the refinements of civilised life—together with the habits and manners of an educated lace of people , aro all around me ! I nm in the midst of a desert , and yet I see a Iar » e city , teeming with' life and enterprise—with an exhaustless soil to sustain it—destined to become the metropolis of a mighty empire ! I am away from home , and yet homo influences are around and about me . ; , and , in imagination , I forget the distance that intervenes between us ! The liormons arc a great people , and whatever may be thought of the-peculiarities of their religious creed , the rapidity with which they increase , the oneness of their councils—their discipline-all foreshadow their ultimate destiny .
We cannot better conclude our notice of this valuable and deeply-interesting work , than by extracting its closiug panigraph : — We now conclude our narrative of the past history , present condition , and future prospects of the Golden Land . It contains , in a condensed form , all the information , collected from a great variety of authorities , which has as . yet reached this country : The desire to avail ; ourselves of the latest intelligence , while it has rendered the narrative somewhat irregular and unmethodical , has at the same time enhanced its practical-value , both to those who may think . of emigrating , and also to those who may desire to know the history and capabilities of this singular . country . A more extraordinary narrative
can scarcely be imagined , than that which it has been our duty , as sober chroniclers of facts , to relate , and vast as have been tlio immediate consequences of the discovery of the gold placers in the valleys of the Sacramento and San Joaquin—they are hut trivial to the political and social influences which that discovery is yet destined to produce on the civilised world . It has opened up new regions for the employment of industry , capital , and enterprise . It will in a comparatively short period cause the most remote portions of the globe to be closely connected with each other by means of the facilities which modern science has placed at the command of society-. Through the agency of tho steam vessel , the railroad , and ultimately by tho universal extension of the electric telegraph , time and space may bo almost annihilated , and far distant
continents be more closely connected for all the great purposes of commerce and civilisation , thnnwere the northern counties and the metropolis of England a century ago . The barbarism and antagonism which are the necessary results of mutual ignorance and isolation , may be expected to disappear before the steady flow of European energy , intellect , and skill , to those far off regions . Asia , the birth place of religion , art , and industry , may by the reflex tide of western civilisation , be raised from its present j-emi-civilised , and , in some places , wholly barbarous condition ; while in tbe fertile and beautiful islands of the Pacific , along the shores of New Holland , large enough almost to take rank as a fifth continent , and in tbe New Zi-ahind groupe of islands , we have alread y planted tho seeds of future powerfulAngloS . txon States .
Ax Axecdotk Of Reknauotte.—It Was Some T...
Ax Axecdotk of Reknauotte . —It was some time during the short peace of 1802 that a foreign gentleman came to Gibraltar with letters of credit and introduction froui a mercantile house in Italy ton house of business on the rock , tho ostensible object of this visit being to open transactions between the two firms . The merchant of the rock having read the letters , received tho bearer with cordiality , and made him welcome as ;' an inmate in his house . The foreign merchant , when introduced by his host to the " Governor , expressed , as must every stranger , astonishment ;> t the stupendous works , betraying by his observations the most profound ignorance of the science of fortification , and at the same time exiivessins a natural curiosity to
' « see the lions , " which the Governor readily as . sentcd to , and introduced him to one of his staff as a Cicerone . The extravagant wonder and puerile observations of the man of commerce at all lie saw afforded no small amusement to his conductor , who , after a day or two , tired with doing the civil , allowed the gentleman to rove about among the sentinels , to whom ho soon became as familiar as «» ehien da regiment . Tho time cf departure of tho visitant was now close at hand , when one morning the hospitable Gibraltar merchant , wiio . was in the habit of catering for himself , was on bis way before breakfast to the fish-market , when he found that id his haste he had put on a wrong bat . On taking it off to examine it be recognised it as tbe hat of bis
guest . Something , however , unusual m its appearance , induced hitn to scrutinize it move closely , when he observed a double crown , concealed in which , to his astonishment , he found plans and elevations , with a most perfect vecomioisivncooftlie rock , male by the very simple gentleman who knew'not the angle of tho flank from tho flanked anole of a bastion , nor could tell a " hornivork " from a " ram ' s-hovn . " Our Gibraltar mere-bant , pocketing tho papers , hastened to lay the matter before the Governor . In the-meantime , the foie ' n / u gentleman having missed bis hat , suspecting that all was not right , and that by remaining a moment lunger he should endanger his personal liberty , hurried down to tbe port , and , engaging with a
boatman , was beyond the range of the guns of the fortress , and on his way to Cadiz before the friend returned homo . Tho person who thus escaped from the rock , on his arrival at Cadiz , coolly called on the British Consul , to whom ho related the cause of his sudden flight from the British fortress and the loss of his papers and drawings ; "but , no matter , " s . iid he , pointing to his forehead , "I have it all here ; my name is Bernadotto . It will bo remembered that at St . Helena Bonaparte mentioned the design he had of laying siege to Gibraltar , with the mode of proceeding and the amount of force employed , and the result of which ho was confident would have been success , —all , no doubt , planned from the information obtained from the man destined to wear the crovm of Sweden . —Aaval
and Miliary Gazette . Capture op IlE . vnr VI . —At Waddinglon , nvMyti ton , stands a pile of building , known as . the- "Old Hull , once antique , but now much indeed despoiled of its beauty , where for some time the unfortunate King , Henry VI ., was concealed after the fatal battle of Hexham , in Northumberland . Quietly seated one day at dinner , "in company with . Dr . Mantinjr , dean of Windsor , Br . Bedle , and one Elba-ton , " his enemies came upon him by surprise , hat lie privately escaped by a back door , and fled te Brangerloy steppi g-stones ( still partially visible in a wooden frame ) , where ho was taken prisoner ,
" his legs tied together under the horses belly , and thus disgracefully conveyed to the Tower in London . He was betrayed by one of the Talbotoof Bashall Hall , who was then hig h sheriff for the West Riding . This ancient house or hall is still in existence , hut now entirely converted into a budding for farming purposes— " Sic transit g loria mundi . " Near the village of Waddington there is this to be seen a meadow known by the name of lung Iknvy ' B Meadow . " In . Baker ' s « Chronicle the capture of the king is described as having taken place 'in Lincolnshire , " but this is evidently incorrect ; it is Waddington , in Mytton , West lorlsshire ,--A oie 8 and Querit ) ,
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Ji™ /^"^Pf Of Bomo »' Whl'cu Waa - K0 M ...
JI ™ /^ " ^ Pf of Bomo » ' ' Cu waa - K 0 M » S ^^ - ^ 'W ' . ^^ ' <^ ^ . «» -have ( iither oeen sent away or voluntarily quitted it . ' ; the inquisition re-established ; ' . tbo . Roman ' Catholic-religion snaKen to its very founda tion ; the Pope and clergy nem i n contempt and . hatred ; thousands killed by tne swprd or musket during the siege ; widows , ™ K . i ^? R ^' ' «> d distress in every shape ; spies and abirrj prowling about the street ' s in search & r -P < the tu , ei ' als )' . . diffidence , introduced into families , all social ties rent asunder ; an empty treasury ; Papal currency at a ! discount of fifteen per cent . ; all tbe medical men and lawyers of any wipnt driven into exile yebmiherce * annihilated , and young men of respectable families without employment , and many without food . —Chronicle . ¦ : < ¦ V nicAQo , United States , has quadrupled its popuif o ? nnn co 840 i , ! lvin S at this Umo a population ? L 3 01 "' - Milwaukee has grown from 1 , 900 . in 1840 , to 25000 in 1850 . . - . , .
, Tub Cincinnati Nonpareil sn ja that the small-pox naa broken out among the Sioux Indians , and that aJU t 0 , ° P lt 8 spread , they ; havo burned to ao « n-a number , who had taken . thodisease ; , ¦ -. , . ihe ixcome and expenditure of the United Kingoom for the year ending 5 th July ,. 1850 , is as follows > : — . Total revenue , , £ 6-3 , 429 , 672 10 s . j total expenditure , £ 49 , 991 , 330 I 2 s . 8 d . ; balance of Jricomo over expenditure ,: £ 3 , 4 S 8 ; 3 il 17 s . 4 d . ' ; "Going a soldiering , " as tho lobster said , when tbo cook put him into the pot ; '¦•' ¦• . ¦ PnoNoonAWiY . - ^ A lazy boy out in Indiana rspells Andrew Jackson thus : & m Jaxn . ' ¦ ' ' . ; . "Abe rovlooking for anything in particular ?" as v ¦ ' ** J » - when'li 0 . 8 aw the-oat watching him . You ' ' a hard oustonier , " as tlie man said , when he ran against the lamp post .
Immknsb swarms : of locusts have lately appeared in the province of Tittery , inr Algeria , and"have wasted a considerabl otract of country . .. . * . Among tlie lineal descendants of Edmund of Woodstock , Earl of Kent , sixth son of Edward I ., King of England ; entitled , to ' quarter the royal arms , occur Mr . . Joseph ' Smart , of Halesowen , butcher , and . Mv . George iYTilnot ; keeper of tho turnpike-gate at Cooper ' s Bank , near Dudley . — Burke ' s Anecdotes of the Aristocracy . DlFFBUBNCE BETWEEN MAKE . AND CONSTRUCT . — Omnibuses are generally constructed to hold fifteen , but somehow tliej . are made to hold eighteen 'and on . a wet night frequently more than that . ¦ . The * 'Builder statesthat a pair of compasses , said to be undoubtedly lloman , but resembling in every respect tho modern instrument , has been found among the Soman remains lately discovered at Cirencester . •¦
Eleven Americans , on their way to California across the plains , have been murdered by the Yumns Indians ; and . at the crossing : of the , Colorado there is said to , be a gang of American and Mexican outlaws , who . rob and murder travellers . Thk wiioi-E numlier of vessels which have sailed from the' Atlantic ; ports of the : Unitod States for those of California , - ' since the discovery of gold in that region , is 1 ; 257 , including thirty steamers . Tho aggregate tonnage of these vessels is nearly 400 , 000 tons . ,-
A Fact fob Naturaiists . —We . give the following as a striking instance of affection in the swallow , and power of instinct to overcome difficulties , w \ vich occurred lately in the neighbourhood of Montrose : —From the flaw in ' the construction of a nest , the increasing weight of the callow brood it contained caused it to fall , which being observed , and the young ones uninjured , it was resolved by some youths to attempt their preservation . A small box was'fixed whence the nest had fallen , with an opening to admit the parent birds ; the young ones were then ; placed in the b ' o ' x :- ' - " The old ' - oiiesy after
rcconnoitering the structure , and cautiously watching for half an houyi ventured to look in , and finding their progeny safe ; at onco commenced . feeding them in their new abode . But , after , all , it seemed not ' exactly to suit their architectural ideas ; awd they immediately set about improving it , by fijling up tho crevices and spare corners of the box , and niirrowiiig the aperture to tho usual shape and size , completing tbe whole by noon next day . It -fnvs observed that the repair was made solely by one of the birds , while the other did the' duties of nurse . The young ones are now ready to take wing . ¦ .
The Gateshead Observer lias recently received " a locicof a lady ' s hair , "—a lock snow-white , blanched by 119 winters . Tho person from whoso tresses it was cut is Mary Benton , who waa born near Baby Castle in 1731 , and can still walk in the garden . She resides at Elton , with her grandson ,, a farmer . Her daughter keeps a public-house , and her husband ' s mother still survives , in her ninety-sixth year ; so that the daughter is probably singular in the extreme longevity of both her mother and her mother-in-law . , . ¦ : . Why is a . minister liko .. a locomotive ?—Wo . have to look out . for him •» when the . belhririga ! " ¦ ; ¦ •• , "Why is the condition of a medical man without patients liko that of a Sabbatarian eating a hot dinner on a Sunday ?—Because it is Profession without Practice . —Punch . ¦ .- •¦ ¦' -.- •' - '• ¦ ' ...
Ix YBAits gone by , when it was the fashion for ladies to trim their straw bonnets with artificial wheat and barley in ears , a satirist of the time "let on " as follows : — " Who now of threatening famine dare complain , When every female forehead teems with gvnin ? Soe how the wheat sheaves nod amid tho plumes—Our barns are now transferr'd * to drawing-rooms . ; And husbands who indulge in active lives , To fill their granaries , may thrash their wives /' John Wilkes was once asked , by a Roman Catholic gentleman , in a wanndispiite on religion , "Where was your Church before . Luther ? " " Did you wash your . face this morning ?'' inquired tho facetious alderman " . ' "I did , sir , " - " Their-pray where was your face before it wa . s washed ? " ;
•' How long will it . take me to reach the nexi town ? " asked a pedestrian on a turnpike road . " Walk on , walk on , " said the person interrogated . Thinkiii ff ho was misunderstood , the traveller repeated the question , when the samo answer was returned . Fancying that the man was ' crazy , the pedestrian moved on at an accelerated pace . ' ''Look here , " said the interrogated party , calling after the traveller , " It ' 11 take you half an hour . I couldn ' t tell you , till I saw how you walked , what time you'd take ! " .
A Qoibble on Alarm . —A man is indicted for striking at tho Queen , with intent ( among other tilings ) to alarm her Majesty . It turns out that the very judge has forgotten . the legal ( which is also the military ) meaning of the word . An alarm is originally the signal ' to arm . Query : Is it not formed from tho cry a I ' arme , which in modern times is anx amies ? The judge said , that from the courage of her family ,. wor t " likely the Queon was riot alarmed , meaning , not frightened . But the legal intent to alarm merely moans , tho intent to make another think that it is necessary to take measures of defence or protection . When an alarm is sounded , tho soldier who is not alannedis the one who would be hold to be frightened . — -Notes and Queries . .
A-wiFis ; must learn how to form her husband ' s happiness by seeking to . know in what direction the secret of his comfort lies ; she nuist not cherish his weaknesses by working upon them ; she must not rashly vim counter to his prejudices .. Her . motto must be , never to irritate . She must study never to draw largely upon the small stock of ptiticnco . in man ' s nature ; nor to increase ' his obstinacy by trying to drive him ; never ,, if . possible , to have " scenes . " I doubt much if a real quarrel , even if made up , does not loosen tho bond between man and wife , and sometimes , unless tho nffekion of both be very sincere , lastingly ' . ' If irritation should occur , a woman nuist expect to hear from most men
a strength and ; vehemence ot language far nioi-c than tbo occasion requires . Mild as well as stem men aro prone to this exaggeration of language ; let not a woman be tern pica ever to say anything sarcastic or violent in retaliation . Tho bittoroit repentance must needs follow such an indulgence if sho do . Men frequently forget what they have themselves said , hut seldom what is Uttered bv their wives . They are grateful , too , for forbearance in such eases ; for , whilst asserting most loudly that they aro . right , thoy are often conscious . that tbey arc wrong . . Give n little timo , is tho greatest boon you can bestow , to tho irritated feelings of your husband . —The English Matron .
Jack-o'Lanterns . —Upon this apparently barren and , unpromising theme a modern writer strings together the following original arid amusih > moral reflections : — " Every man has his Jack-o ' -lantern ; in rih / lit or noon-day-in lonely wild or in populous city—each has bis Jack-o ' -lantern , To . this ' man Jack . comes in-tho likeness of a bottle of old port , seducing him from sobriety , and leaving him in . a quagmire ; to that man he appears in theforai of a splendid pheaton and a . pair of greys , driving him into tho open jaws of vuin . To one ho presents himself in the guise of a cigar , keeping him in a constant cloud ; to another lie appears in no shape but that of an old black letter volume , oyer which ho continues to poro long alter liis . wUs are gone . Jack-o ' -lantern is to some people a mouldy hoarded
guinea—and these he leads into the miser s slough of despond ; while to others , when he pays them a visit , he . rolls himself up in the form of a dice-box —and then he makes beggars of them . Poetry is ono man ' s Jack-o ' -lantern , and a spinning jenny is another ' s . Fossil bones buried fathoms deep in the earth act Jack ' s part , and lure away ono class to explore and expound ; Cuyps and Claudes ; in the same way , play the same part with a second class , and tempt them to collect , at tho sacrifice of every other interest or pursuit in life . Jack will now take the likeness of a French cook , and draw a patriot from his beloved country to enjoy a-foreign life , cheap ; and now ho will assume the appearance of a glass of water , persuading the teetotaller , . who drank "liko a fish" is his young days , to UfiflK a great deal mere like a fish w his old days .
Du Barry's Health Restoring Food Ttfe Revalestta Arai5ica.
DU BARRY'S HEALTH RESTORING FOOD TtfE REVALESTTA ARAI 5 ICA .
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CAUTfQN ' . —Tlie most ' disgusting an ' d' injurious compounds being sold bv unscrupulous i 'Pe culators upon the credulity of the Public , uijder . ' close i rnita r tion of the name of 1 ) V BAllUY'S RKVALENTA IMUBltJA FOOD , or wtih a pretence-df being similar to tha ; tde-Kcioiw anilinvaluableremedy for Indigestion , Consu ' P" - tion , Nervous . Bilious , nndLiwr Complaints , Messrs . " . ° P BARRY and Co . caution Invalids against these ' barefae ea attempts at imposture . There is nothing in the who . Je vegetable kingdom that can legitimately beesiHcdsiMU-Aa t o Du Barry ' s Uerulenta Arabica , a plant which is cultivate * I by Du Barry and Co . on their estates alone , and for the pre- pttratiotl and pulverisation of which their own Patent Machinery alone is adupteu . Let Corn Chandlers sell their pease , beans , lentil . " and other meals under their proper , names , and not trifle with thu health of Invalids and Infants , for whom DU BARRY'S REVALENTA AUABICA alone is adapted . " - . • "
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- - - - - , coming on every three weeks , there are now intervals < of aeven eight weeks between , and with very little ctmvul " ii , ° 5 . ' am in Rreat , 10 P es the - v nre KttKhiuKy leaving her - n . l ? . » -en > "ttjrimproved in health and strength . lain tondon , \? i ° v'i faithf , lll - ' ¦ JawUJUuw , Captain R . r . Mn ( 1 on , ihh February , 1 S 50 . ... ' seen *' Pf ' „ i ' rietid ^ -I think no me who had received or £ mw T ^ SowimKl oomfiitt molt fW-m it as in my " SfcSMP' ? witbout i { * " ¦ 8 ie'i" « s- Thou art 1 Cb SEwerniv Cl" "• » - t , 1 UU , " **« " b 8 St ' a , ld l *» & fiziJ ^ z ^^*^ * all the attendant V * l ^ SW $ XBlt commenced taMug tbe llevalenta an ! K -, ' ? - without arelaps / l shall havlttt ^ o l £$ & Tto SjunmLum * , JtafcetotKct LeiceMer Hovemt ^ S
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' , THE PREVENTION , CURE , AND V General character of SlfPKILUS . STRICTURES , Affections of ths PROSTRATE GLAiYD , VBA'BltEAL iind SCORBUTIC . ERUPTIONS of the face and body , Mercurial excitement , & c , followed by a mild , successful and expeditious mode of treatment . 1 & rat edition
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IMVOJtTAJiT . Established Fifty lean . THIS great success which has attended Messrs . PEEPE in their treatment of all thcie Diseases arising from injiuietion or excess , and the nunfiier of cures performed Oy them , is a sutlicient proof of their skill aud ability in the treatment of those complaints .-, . . . . Messrs . ' PEEDB , Surgeons 4 c . may be consulted as , usual from 9 till 2 , and 0 till 10 . in all stages of the above complaints , in the cure of which they linvo been so pre-eminently successful , from their pcculiaf melhod > f [ treatment , when ali other means have failed , which has secured for them the patronage and gratitude of . many thcusunds who have benefited by their advice ami medi . cine . Tlieir treatment has been matured bv an extensive praciice in London for upwards of Fifty Years , and will not subject any . patient to . restraint of diet or hindrance from business . Those wlw . may require their aid arc respectfully invited t « make early application , as ilEsstts . Pkcde pledge themselves to that secrecy so essential in .-men ' . cases , ( and it will ever be found that lasting benefit can only be obtained from qualified Members of that profession , who give up other lucrative branches of the profession , and devote their whole time to the study oftUe above u « glected class of diseases , ) and to assure them that a ¦ s P * v restoration to hcv . lttv awl strength may be reueu on . as half the vsiialeharees . . -.. „„ cv . OIidnrv Persons sufleriug from scorbutic « , , « 'SSS Symplons , obstinuto gleet , stricture , semmal , » ug £ * j debility , andalldiscsses of the "P ^ . Stlro ot ho with appropriate medicines according to the nature ot tua ca ^ t « s ( post vm j ^ sS ^ tS ^ A enclosing the » W * «? 35 being fo / wavded will ensuw proper advice and mememe ^^^ 1 = S = Stefe « f , -.. jun-raid . Ipnim
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), Aug. 24, 1850, page 3, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse2.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns2_24081850/page/3/
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