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THE LAND!
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1MB. MR. KOBERT BURRELL, BLACKSMITH , GR...
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AND NATIONAL TKADES' JOURNAL.
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YQL. VIII. NO. 407. "ToND ON, SATURDAyTa...
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MR. WILLAM DIXON TO THE CHARTIST PUBLIC....
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ODD FELLOWSHIP
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A REPLY TO "W. S.," OF BELFAST. TO THE E...
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EOCLES DISTRICT OF ODD FELLOWS. At a s p...
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NATIONAL INDEPENDENT ORDER OF ODD FELLOW...
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jyt-^^JMrJ'.I^WU.il'iJiUiw ¦ .¦wwaw''^^^...
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joretgu Meiifgenm
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SPAIN. Terrorism and Insurrectionary. Di...
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imwmam itetmas
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CHARTIST CO-OPERA'iJVK f,ANH SOCIETY Mee...
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I Y. \ ¦ '• ¦M (<¦ -), ' r *
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Transcript
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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The Land!
THE LAND !
1mb. Mr. Kobert Burrell, Blacksmith , Gr...
1 MB . MR . KOBERT BURRELL , BLACKSMITH , GREE > 0 C £ . £ EAB IfilB BcBBEUj—I Write this fetter to tfOU , I'C stse of se of all those who have written to me upon the Meet of eet of the Land , I think in jour short letter you ee shoe shown most practical knowledge of the subject , w e ll as e ll as a st r on g desire to base those princi ples by cch ouch our object is to be achieved upon a safe four .-iiion : ton : added to which , you ask for instruction as : : who who would receive it as a means of improvement , ; as 01 as one who looks for some hast ; avowal to which rmay may make caption objections . Let me then , in w first * first instance , reir nd yea that I have never yet sun ami answered npon the "GREAT FACT *—that
; i Lam Land is the only field in which individual labour 11 asm ascertain its jnst value . It never has been re * : ; : ed tiled that a" that 1 have stated as to the Land and < capa capabilities is susceptible of easy proof . But as ir opjr opponents are at a ktss for valid objections to the ilncip lnc iple , they are compelled to rest their opposi-)) n tun upon mere matters of detail ; and the Land uestiaestion bei'i ? avey comprehensive one , and onej it via wltkh land ords and capitalists have had a direct iitereitereit in keep in g the workin g classes ia i g n o r a n c e , l icy ( uey ( the working men } are reasonably enough firedjpfcyphy every , the most extravagant , guess or iniput ent fent ff Isehood . Upea the other hand , experimental-5 stsosts on wording men ' s credulity and jobbers in exiitemitement have the vanity to suppose either that their
' wn swn sectional project is a good substitute for national nii ^ ri ^ nisation , or eke they foo'lshly imag ine that 1 ' * He * flower wor-M be overshadowed by the foliage of : ' he the national tree . Hence , some men are subscribing i rastrast sums to transport themselves to foreign dimes , siponponthe faith of an unstable Government , en inisecu & cure system , and in e x p e r ienced advisers ; and ntherthers , wh o talk of re eviHg the domestic labour imntn-irket by transporting abortion of the ceiapetitive i reseresei : e ; < iud otheu , bus ^ -dies engaged ia a " UA-! TKTl 0 N & i , " scheme of ^ r'ding , are ees and a l Itonionched in the ' " spec < '* tion , or wounded in their i priqpride ; ^ nd straightway r ? se a ho w l of d iscontent ,
' wfywholly devoid of apiusent or reason . I had an inistastasceof this sore m Manchester , iaa little thing 'Vrh < vrho < kasbeen active !* abiMf ' n * society ; and who actactasJly undertook to give tne shareholders a leg legal opinion upon the impi sibility * f the managers coicoirreying an equitable title to thet & areholders : and yb whst is still more sfcange , rome very sensible w «& - iwing men asked me to notice tV ' s jargon , assign Tgas a a reason that msay were influenced by it . Bew--ev-ever , it is a fact that 1 never have hid any adverse pr propositions to ( reply to , except the w"d doubts « r created in ^ tke sands of working men by the wilder E assertions of cr ^ chet-monsers .
I will now ca . y you back a Stile , and tell yea why il ihe landlords and capitalists ace opposed to the suli-< i division of feed into such a ^ etments as would be si sufficient te employ the wnoias J vbotjb of a wgrk ' ng-I man . The fem " ords are eppesed to it , ! .-suse the s subdivision of land wou'd ri ; . / with it its sulci division of $ hat politicrl power to which ( Sic large 1 landed proprietors in each «© unty att ? 3 h mere value i than tncy ' -do to the rents of their estates . The i smaller sguires constitute part of the politic ? 1 s system ; the sircar * of pc . ' * Cical patronage , flowing 1 to th e m -f r om their c h c % . Hence in each county ; you will fed three or fear l arge landed propileto .. i of the rej ^ ctivepai- ties lecd ^ g thepoliifcrlfr-hion ; and the dependents npen-their patronage following
• £ : aEd if you enquire nto the cirocmshmces of A iose leading landlords-yea will invariably fhd that what itlsey loss by -keeping their land in the wh o les a le m a rket , they more than make up by keeping it within the po' " tieal standard . In ac aristocratic country ''ketI " s , ; patrona < rc , influence , and distinction -are as much nought artcr r « wealth :: and the land r ' onc confers them . Thus , 1 show yon why the landlords are opposed to t h esu l division of land . As to t h e capitalists , you aremuch too -shrewd a man to resuire any reason from me w % those -who possess no « aiihly property except what they can squeeze out of labour , v . 'U strain every nerve-to keep lal rar in a state of such dependency- ' - will ensEre them the largest amount of profit ; and von well know , an d thsr w e d kn o w , that if tberc ; cre
200 blacksmiths in-the market , aasd only work » for 150 , that the removal of the fi % idlers from . the l abour market wou'djiearly double the wages of-the 150 who remained at their own work , and of whom there was no " surples ; " and if-there was an under 8-anding that any " -fresh " surplus" would also be provided for upon < the land , the masters and > men wouid . then mutually-agree upon the application ^ the principle of restristion : ; and inaveiy short time it would be seen that the 150 blacksmiths , with the power of locating their " surplus" upon the -land , would receive more wages for eight hours' work . than the 2 <>& would receive lor twelve hours' work . -Sow such are the reasons why landlords and capitals oppose the subdivision of land , and I think you will admit that very good ones they are .
; I now turn to a consideration of that portion of yoar letter which refers to the locating of oceupeats as near ^ heir natire < ar . adqptediissidences as possible . iln one of my previous letters upon the Land , 1 endeavoured to attach a more limited , but , in m y opiuioa , a more charming and patriotic definition to ! the term " koms" than has been ascribed to it by / poets , statesmen , or warriors . I do not eallEngland an Englishman's home ; Ireland an Irishman ' s ! home ; or Scotland a Seo ^ hman ' s home . A Xo : . hum-Lrian set-down in Cornwall would consider himself i anywhet-e but" at hornet" so a Ki'dare or Wicklow m a n , lauded in Galwaj or Roscommon ; or a Scotch-S man taken from Ei ' mburghshire and placed in Inj -rernesssufce . In mv ooinion * the term " Aomd"
imithes otherassociationsthanthose wl ch are national . , t implies all that is social « ad convivial . ^ Mum ! means useio climate—accustomed to the soil—en . dcared to acquaintances- ^ attached to loealities ^—within cil ! of friends—in reach of connexions . I call the village " where jour forefathers lived "where you have drawn your & et breath—where sou have played in your youth—grown up to manhood with your playfellows—aud made friends of them in old age : J call ihat your " HOME . " Besides , ander the present system , * hafeit ^ ves a new definitjon % home . Forinstance , cotton spinners must consider There they can get work , iheir home . So with nincrs : so with woolcombei *; so with associated dioemakcrs ; and . in fact , so with all employed in
Qanufaciures . Xow then , your letter very woperly draws my a £ - fention to theSict that Scotciimen fear that all the lmdwillbepHBshased in England , and that , therefa r e , they would be removed from " h eme " Such , however , would not be the case . The subject is one whidi lias had the consideration of the directors ; and vhile I perfectly agree with you as to the desir abkaess of explanation upon the subject , I _ c annot quiteagrce with you as to the mode of meeting the objection ; and I will tell you why . What you proposed , that the coun t ry be divided int o d i s tri c ts , sar . twelve or twestv ; and that the d s £ ricfs shall
balkifor preference of purchase ; and that all the shareholders in the successful district shall be first located in that distrkt . Xow , there certainly woi * d fft no -objection to this , fu ;« her than the priority given to the shareholders in the fortunate district ; and then it is quite true that the several shareholders will be suited in districts . Sow , I think that a tetter mode of meeting the question—for it is not a difficulty—is this : —That the ballot for location should tske place in the first instance ; and that then a majority of those who obtained a prize , might dce ' -de upen the district in which land should be purc h asei
You will hear with me if I dig re s s a l ittle , in order to koe , p the whole question in your view . You apprehend , t hen , there might be a difficulty in the way of purchasing land in certain districts ; and , therefore , propose to go on balloting in continuation nntil we can ciseeverit . Re )/ vpon it , BmrelL that th ere Uu o t a dn g l e district ia En g lan d , Scotland , or Wales , in which we could not purchase as much land as we waufed . My inipreesion is , th a t not on l y may EndishmeE be located in England , Welshmen in Wales , and Seotehnien in Scotland , but that the society will very spesdiJy be in a situation , from th e Pos ^ sswTvofVund ^ soto aiTange said manage as to locate Yorkshiremea in Yorkshire , Ayrshiremen in Ayr-hire , aud Monmouth men in Monmouthshire In & et , I have not a , doubt upon my mind , that sereal allotments may be purchased in the larger counties ; and on e at le a st in the smaller . And
again , for mysdf , I can see no reasonable objection wnatev «? r hi Scotel « aeaand Englishmenexchanging ; l > - even * otbe application of a Scotch fund to the purej nseunau ) in Scotbnd . 2 vow , let me shew you the great dcsiitvblcnessofthis "homely * or "domestic " iocatiou . It i < , in fact , a p roverb , that " a g riculture and manufactures should g o han d in hand ; " and it j s one which I am endeavouring to reduce to practice . Thus : suppose a number of cotton spinners w w located convenient to their work , I have sheivn that summer ig the time for agricultural operations ; and during the winter months I see no objection to the working classes selling their extra labour in a
market wiicre its value had been tested in the free labour market ; and the altered state of society would very soon bring us to the realization of the « £ « crb , » y enablin g man to live healthfully aud ^ mfortauk during the summer months , andprofit-W J and eontcntedlv during the winter months , nw . er completely altered state of things . It is ^ f ^ hine , sheer roasense , to talk of inducin g reVtriw ' - ture tomake tue required sanatory and CW , ! L « £ ulitions demanded by the working Ptlf . "' - , * " * required impiwements never can be liMoree ti csc « ittiiw >«< Ti , + h « . ; Tnnr « v « l rrmdition of
" J ^ o flasses themselves . Once g ive a man in « 7 ?^ wLefter he will be comfortable or " ^ - r f 0 rt aWe , andhewffl 2 aeptcoznforteYcnatthe " . peatcr gain ; but at present he has no alterr * IIVe hut to work for any wages offered to him or to 'M ?** ^ ' I tWnk > I meet ttie q uestion of Utrtr ^ " siza ™ s" in its real meaning ; and « fV . 2 " ? m > l s ^ answer some of the vagaries wt he i » akontcnts . 1 ha v e been a s k e d if , in the event of great success imrtv ? i to fl ° wfrem the Land plan , the arist o cracy j ? oiwdle classes would not combine to frustrate S 3 ect , even to the extent of bidding against ns w m the market ? Jfow , could any suggestion
1mb. Mr. Kobert Burrell, Blacksmith , Gr...
he more foolish ? Landlords and capitalists do combine-upon all qnestions that serve them in the aggr ega te ; but they do not com b ine for the individual advancement of any one of their members . But 1 wjU suppose such a thing even possible , as a society of capitalists formed for the purpose- of buying up all the land that we had pitched an eye upon : what , in such a case , mor e ea sy th a n to k eep our e y es shut , and employ some " t ool" who would have his pe r centage for winking or nodding at the auctioneer for usl and all the satisfaction that the disappointed confederation would have would be that the Land was bought " for us , though notsrus . " This is one of the monstrosities to which I have referred in the commencement of my letter . Another is a kind of
two-edged sword , thrust at ns , with which onv antagonists prick hoth sides of the susceptible feelings of working men . One says , " don't you sec that you only get what costs the society no more than £ S 9—forfthey have received £ 2 10 s . by way of share moneyand for which yon pay £ 5 per year , while you could get £ 100 for four percent . " Another says , " you see the thing < s a bubble , for they propose to give each ms & £ 15 cap ital w ho ha s onl ypaidup £ 210 s . " Kow , to ike first proposition , I answer that the very ess ence of the society consists in the fact that it can g ive for £ o per year what , as individuals , no member cf the society can procure for £ 10 a y « w ; or , in feet , » rocare at all ; while , u p on t h e othe r hand , the fact i of being able fc > give £ 15 wholly and entirely occurs
from being abie to carry oat an extensive principle of co-operation . Another statcaent is , that the people will be located upon moors or barren ground . Is reply to this . foUy 1 can only say , that with my consent ( and with the aoeople ' s consent , I will always preserve a very prominent position in the society ) , not an acre of Imd-lnniI shall be purchased . But more than th a t ; I shall be for purchasing the tert best USD , enhanced in value from its contiguity hoth to the produce market and the labour market : and if we buy land worth £ 2 an acre instead « f 15 s . an acre , it w ''l make a difference of £ 2 Mte . a year in the rent ; and so much the better . Better sti " . if we could purchase it worth £ 5 an acre ; fortibe good land takes-tos seed and loss labour , and
gives more cerxaixit . Upon the other hand , whatever description of land we purchase will be such as erery occupant can niAc worth five times the rent at "which he takesit in less than five years . I now come to the very most impjstant part of the whole subject , namel y , the probability of the whole £ 35 being swallowed * up in the purchase of manure during the fiist year . In handling this branch of my sub j ect , allow me to draw your attention to the curious fact , that the very vagaries and fo''ies of the landed aristocracy will turn out to beoHr ^ jeatWesshig : — 3 mean the foolish conditions that they impose on their tenants . The conations now generally -are , that only so wvufc shall be broken up , and that so jaucAsha ' b e ke p t in p asture ; and in man y ca s es
that none shall be broken up . For instance : a young man in the neighbourhood of Burnley lately took ten acres of ground , w i th the o p tion whether he would pa y £# a year to keep it in & i"ass , or £ 50 to cultivate it as ie pleased , fie preferred paying the £ 50 , and hewasquiteright . Old grass land is always the best , aud most profitable for cultivation ; and the effect of ihe foolish testations imposed by landl o rds u p on th e ir tenant s has been to make a " savings' took" of the land of England . I will instance Mttk'Vsex , where scarcely an acre is broken up—it being . a'l used as meadow ground to grow hay for the London market . In Ireland , where the practise is perfectly understood and extensively acted upon , a l a bourer would psefer a half acre of good " gratf land" to a half acre of the best manured ground . Sow , I will tell ysa what this " graff land " is . It is what in England is called " paring" and
"burning , the ashes sewing as the reiy best manure forthe cultivationofeverysinglc root , without a single excep tion ; and es p eciall y for those ga r den crops and roots that a cottager would stand most in need ef . It is the best for potatoes , turnips , mangel wurzel , cabbages , wheat , o a ts , barley , clover ; ev e r y thin g in sho :,. Su pp ose , th e n fliat a man gets on to his two acres in the beginning of March , jasfc the season for "paring and burning ;" and suppose that he has an acre of grass land , he does not require one spoonful of manure . If he has two acres , he can " pare and burn " an acre the first year ; half an acre the second ; and half an acre the third . Now this is the use which landlords would not allow tenants to make of the laud ; and it was beeoniing so prevalent in Ireland , th a t the late Lord Shannon procured an Act of Parliament imposing a fine of £ 10 per acre for every acre pared and burned . Some men will conclude that the fact
of such aa Act of Parliament liavin « passed proves the objection to the system : but it is no such thing . I'll te" yon the reason of the Act being passed : —it was because ten a nts " p ar e d aud b urned" th e i r l a n d at the expiration of their leases , without giving it any manure for four years . They took a crop ol potatoes , a crop of wheat , a crop of oats , and a crop of flax off the land ; sad then the whole injury was put down to " paring and burning , " whereas the laud would have been last as bad if the four cr ops had been p ro d uced wi t h a go od manuring for the potatoes . However , I tell you distinctly and irrefutably , th a t when the land is p r ope rly treat ed afterwards , there is no better preparation than " paring and burning " : and , moreover , there are several descriptions of land that will g ive better crops by being pared and burned than from the very best manure .
I have now shown you the mode of providing manure for the first year ; and after that , every man witu two acres would have more than he could use ; and that i s su pp osin g th a t he h a d o nl y one ac r e i n grass . If he has two acres , he could not do better that pare and bum it all at the rate of an acre for the first year , and ha" an acre each year for the two succeeding years . Now here again ia the decided advantage that a tenant of the Society ' s would have over a tenantof the best landlord in England : another proof of the value of co-operation and freedom of action .
This Land question appears to be puzzling all the ¦ "knowing ones . " The Times newspaper has a " Commissioner" in Cavan ; and , as far as he has go ne in d e t ail i n g Irish g rievance s , he is re-asserting in ISio what I have been repeating since 1 S 23 : and at last he will be compelled to come to my conclusion , that neither polities , religious distinctions , nor political feuds , have anything to do with Itibbonism , Terry Alt-ism , Wliite " Boy-ism , or Molly Maguireisin : but that all isms merge into the one great ism—" WAST OF TEXURE 1 SM . "
R o bert , let me explain to you , by an illustration you will understand , what this " wa > t of texureism " means . It means , that if you are making horses hoes by the job , you will make more of them than if fou were making them by "day-work" for the best master in Europe . When you are making them by the job , you are your oum . muter , and represent the man * who has a lease for ever of his laud . Such a man has a peqKhtal interest in ev e r y hour he work s , as von Lave in every stroke of the hammer ; while
the man who makes horse-shoes by "day-work" is the slave of another , and very naturally up-husbands tfeat strength which he would draw more largely upon if he himself had the benefit of the extra labour . I could not furnish you with a more apposite or better illustration of the difference between a lease for ever and a lease for years ; and however the Times' correspondent may wind his subject up , he will buthave blown so niaay ' bubbles in the air , if he does not come to the conclusion that wjlvt op texuhe is the master grievance of Ireland .
Robert , if you read the Times newspaper at the commencement of the revived Repeal agitation , you may remember that it told yon that if you travelled north , south , east , or west ; that whoever you met , or whoever you conversed with , of any class of society , none , not even one , could fix upon any assignable cause for the distress or dissatisfaction of the Irish people ; in fact , that the Irish were a nation ol malcontents ; and that was the sum and substance of all Irish agitation : but su > iv , in two short years , you read of "facts" in the Times which would set angel s by the ears ! In fact , the correspondent o f the Times now savs that repeated oustings constitute " a fact ; " and that that fact alone is enough for him . ^ ' ow , does not this prove that the Times was eithet ignorant of" the "fact , " or withh e ld th e "fact , " until Mollv Maguire , by "the ascent of her soapbubble , elicited the laws of colour and light" for the Times's correspondent . We have the admitted factthat their
from two years after the 40 s . freeholders lost political rights-that is , from 1 S 31 to 1841 , neaklt 6 ( 10 , 000 OF THE IlUStt PEOl'iB HAVE EUIGRATEO TO THE COMKHES ASS GREAT BmIAI-V , OR HAVE XXUSTED I . V the Armt . W e h a v e the f a ct ; and I l o v e the Times expression ! The writer says : " There is asimmexse poweb is facts . " We have then , the fact , , that as soon after the Emancipation Bill as the land , lords could clear their estates , a thirteenth of the 1 irl / ole population of Ireland were compelled to transport themselves , because they wore driven from the ?? little " homes . " We have the fact that in the county of Cavan the occupiers of from one to thirty acres employ no labourers , for fear of improvin g their holdings , and bein g e j ected ; and we hav e th e fact , that the Times ' s corr espo ndent onl y doubts whether a man and his family can cultivate thirty acres of land * . and ise have the stiB greater fact , the greatest fact of all , that Molly Maguire is obliged to attempt to do for her children what neither the Go vemmenUlie landlords , » ot the Times ' t correspondent
1mb. Mr. Kobert Burrell, Blacksmith , Gr...
ever can do : that is , to wring from the fears of their tyrants what has been refused to the j ust demands of , a brave and suffering people . -. u ^* There have been no other objections , that I know of , urged against our Land plan ; anil I defy all the writers in the world , and a ' the speakers in the world , to write or talk down the value of the land , its capabilities , or its a pplicabi'ity to the regulation of the price of wages in the natural and in the artificial market . Robert , I think of the land b y day , and I dream of it by ni ght . My mind is set upon it . My every thought is occupied with it , because through its just appropriation I see the enfranchisement of man—the freedom of man—and the independence of man . Tins is the time , the very time for the people to make the double struggle for social happiucss and political
treedom . In the infancy of this " ag itation I w a s catted " fool ; " but every day ' s reswireh is reducing my fool's cap that others are fitting for their own heads . I am sure it gives you as much pleasure as it does me to see the glorious manner in which the plan is progressing , and 1 feel assured that its glorious result will give us all inexpressible joy . In conclusion , Robe ; v , you are to understand that the question is not whether the society offers tco fascinating prospects on the one hand , or charges too much for what it gives on the other hand ; but the question is , whether , without the principle of co-operation , those who wish to redeem themselves from slavery could , under the present system , as individuals , acc o m p lish it at any price ? On then , Robert , for the Land and the Charter : and in the " struggle" rely upon the co-operation of Your faithful and affectionate friend , Fearous O'Cossob .
And National Tkades' Journal.
AND NATIONAL TKADES' JOURNAL .
Yql. Viii. No. 407. "Tond On, Saturdayta...
YQL . VIII . NO . 407 . "ToND ON , SATURDAyTaUGUST ~ 3 Q 1845 , *» JS & IS ^ SZ ~ .
Mr. Willam Dixon To The Chartist Public....
MR . WILLAM DIXON TO THE CHARTIST PUBLIC . 2 fy Friends , —I think that no man has earned a better rigltt to appeal to you upon behalf of good Chartists than I have . I am justified in maVmg every exertion towards the mnintainiiii' and supporting honest working men wlio suffer in the cause of Chartism . There was a time when I performed that fluty myself—there was a time when 1 save as much as from £ 30 to £ 35 a week to the sufferers . That time is gone , but I hope it is not forgoten . William Dison , the subject of this letter , 1 ms been reporter for the Xorthern Star in the Manchester district for two years . Xot only during that time has his conduct heen most praiseworthy and exemplary , but he is distinguished
among his class for the uniform excellence of his character , his conduct , and his habits . A sad visitation , that of almost total Wndness , has rendered him unfit longer to perform the duties of his office , A young man o ? active mind struck lvith blindness is a melancholy object , and I am sure yon will think so . It is the intention of Dixon ' s friends , and especially of the colliers , to whom he has endeared himself by an uncompromising love of his order , to place him above want , and to preserve him from the tender mercies of a Poor Law Bastile ; by establishing him in a Temperance Coffee-house—for he is a rigid Teetotaller—so that thereby the affliction of want may not be added to that of blindness .
3 fr . Thomas lvhittalccr , of 2 * 0 . , Devonshire-street , Chorlton-upon-Medlock , Manchester , acts as treasurer to a fund for carrying out this benevolent , just , and praiseworthy object ; and need I say that every working man in the kingdom who can spare anything ( anil many hands make fight work ) , should feel a pleasure and a pride in contributing the means by which this sad affliction of our dear and respected friend may be mitigated . I am sure it world shock me , as it would horri . * every good man , to hear that so amiable a Chartist was allowed to svSet from the neglect of our body . Need I say more than that I shall esteem every penny given to Dixon as a favour conferred upon myself ; and that I shall cheerfully net asco-treasarerwith Jfr . lVliittaker , and shall thankfu'Jy receive any offering to the fund . My friends , as I never beg for myself , I have a right to sue in justice for others . I am sure I need not say more than that I remrn , yo ur faithful servant , Feakgus O'Connor .
Odd Fellowship
ODD FELLOWSHIP
A Reply To "W. S.," Of Belfast. To The E...
A REPLY TO "W . S ., " OF BELFAST . TO THE EDITOtt OF HIE NORTHERN STi . a . Dear Sir , —I hope you will insert this reply to " W , S . ' s" remarks , liis letter , unless contradi c t e d , may mislead many of the Order . It calls for an answer ' ; and although poorly qualified , I take up the cudgels against him . The Odd Fellow movement , he must be convinced , if he rea " y has read attentively what has appeared in the Slur , is one of principle . 11 3 gto draw his attention to the fact of the G . M . and the Board of Dii" ctors , with C . S . Wm . Ratlcliffe , hav ) g suspended , previous to the last A . M . C , many lodges and districts for not furnishing an account of their respective private funds , winch said suspension was of itself an i egal assumption of power ; an tinjustifiable attack on the independence of the Lodges , and contrary to the fundamental p rinci ples of the Order . Yet the A . M . C . did not censure them ; nay , on th e c o ntrar ysanctioned the acts .
, On the 2 lst of June , shortly afterthclast A . M . C , a public meeting of the members of the Manchester district took place in the Old Manor-room , Highs treet , to consider the alterations with respect to the scale of pay meats and benefits . The meeting was a crowded one . On the 23 rd an order was issued from Aytoun-street , signed by "Wm . RadcJiffe , " declarin g five individuals suspended from all benefits and immunities . Cop ies o f th is order were circul a ted in all the Lodges , leaving the members to find out what the parties were suspended for . They afterwards learned that it was because the marked five had attended the meeting . Mind , only two out of the live took part in the proceedings ; the rest merely were present . But they all were gifted and honest
men : so they must be got rid of . nas not mm an illegal assumption of p ower ? The law s p e c ifi c s " that any member breaking the general laws of the Order , shall be TRIEll by a committee of his ivhole lod ge , or nr the district , and that / ourtec « clear days' notiee shall be given him previous to TRIAL , specifying the charge . The law is explicit . Well , the meeting of the quarterly committee took place on the 30 th of June , at the Three Crowns , Jackson-street , London-road . T w o of the indivi d uals att e nd ed t o represent their respective Lodges ( they h a ving been elected previous to being illegally suspended ) . The y were ordered out of the room by the then Grand Master of the district , Francis Burdett . The deputies requested to " be put in possession of the law ,
which authorised the suspension 01 any member without TRIAL . " The answer given by Burdett was , "fle would stand by the Board . " The docum e n t sent to him from Aytoun-street , commanding the suspension , was then called for ; and after some discussion , the then secretary of the district , Ormond , went for it . Ho shortl y afterwards r e tu r ned with a slip of paper , on which was written certain instructions to declare the five individuals suspended , signed by C . S . Wm . Radcliffe . But this document was of itself illegal , inasmuch as there was no seal of the Order attached : in fact , no seal of any kind . S o me one of the de p uties prop o sed a motion to th e effect , that th ey , the deputies , were convinced that the B o ard o f Di r e c tors had n o p ower to su sp en d an y
member tvWiout thial ; and that consequently the two deputies were qualified to sit . This was seconded , and the Grand Master Burdett was requested to put it . He would not ; and the D . G . M . Roberts likewise refused—so did Secretary Ormond : upon which Burdett arose and declared the meeting adjourned to the Monday following . JS ext day , Ratcliffe , the director of the directors , declared the ivhle district suspended , with the exception of nine Lodges . These are facts . Now what will "W . S ., " the lover of freedom , say to them ? Will he not call this tyranny of the most absolute description ? Will he still impute bad motives , and insinuate that the leaders of the movement are un p rincipl ed ? But I am breaking off my narrative . On the Monday the
District Committee met at the Three Crowns ; but no District Officers made their appearance . They were at that time at the Board-room , holding a Me and comer meeting , composed of seven deputies , which they termed the " Grand Quarterly Committee" . ' . ' The seventy-five deputies , after waitin g all the forenoon , adjourned to the Temperance Hall , Mather-street , where they were joined by D . G . M . Roberts , who , repenting of his conduct , had resigned . He was unanimously elected Prov . G . M . ; S . Neild , D . G . M . ; P . P . G . M . Hardy , C . S . of the district : and on p rincip le the deputies firmly nuute their stand , resolved never to p l a ce th e mselves in th e poweroftheAytoun-streetauthoritiesagain . "W . S .
asseils that the A . M . 0 . is the proper place to settle disputes . I ask him , as a lover o f freedom , would he willingly suffer himself to be at the mercy of men a sing le day , who as s um e a p ower to " suspend" him when they please , and thus deprive him from appealing or having a voice there ? If he would , I WOUld not ; nor would any true democrat . "W . S . " further says : — "If the resolutions complained of can be shown to be inimical , and a maj ority willit , by laying the matter lawfully bef o r e the Board of Directors , the operation of the offensive resolutions could be suspended until the A . M . C . " "Very easy to say could ; but WOULD they be ? We will endeavour to find out the improbability . Why , man , the d irector s op enl y avow their determin a tion at all hazards to enforce the obnoxious resolutions .
A Reply To "W. S.," Of Belfast. To The E...
" W . S . " may be aware that by this time two Lodges in Liverpool have protested against these laws being enforced : and they were suspended for opposing the plan * of the petty tyrants of Aytoun-street . The Liverpool members looked at the principle involved in s uc h conduct , and pronounced in favour of separrtion from men , who declared themselves superior to the law . As soon as Radcliffe and his co-mates hear of a Lodge Hviwj ( Hred to spefk out , that moment it is suspended . I beg of "W . S . " to re-read all that has appeared in the Star fro m week to week : aud reconsider whether the movement is ono of principle or not . Ue ridicules the idea of Lodges sending deputies to the A . M . C , and implies that we woi- 'd compel e ach Lod ge to send one . If so , it would bo a legislative assembly with a vengeance , there being 4000 Lodges . We would allow any Lodge to send one ,
but compel none . Great numbers could not , on account of the expense ; but as our parliament is annual and moveable , the Lodg es convenientl y situated wi'l be thereb y enabled to take part in the business . Wc found this to work before better than the present system , because the Lodge deputies made the comirifctec so numerous that the few tradesmen could not entirely have their way . As soon as the Lodges were disfranchised , the tradesmen became raging despots , commanding the A . M . C , and carrying into law what they chose . It is natural that the pervevters of our institution will take every means to justify themselves and calumniate us . Hence the foul and malignant slanders iu their quarterly report . Their object is to delude , and thereby frustrate the cause of truth . We have found them unfaithful , and consequently have exposed them .
"IV . S . "states : "that the alteration ( which , by the b y e , is onl y a secondary question , the main being their unjust tyranny ) chiefly applies to the funeral gifts for members' wives ; and thinks that women will look with suspicion upon men who are overanxious on this point ; that is , f o r looking after a large amount ' at the death of their swves , and when able to work as before . " Does "W . S . " suppose that man is an insensible machine?—that the loss of his partner is not felt?—that no affections preponderate ? If so , he is ssu ^ y mistaken , and libels the race . Most widowers are left with children . Almost all wish to have the departed decently interred ; to have becoming mourning for themselves and chi'dren : and supposing all v 10 lose
their wives are at the time in good health , ^ , ' 1 * 5 do ? No , it will not ! But if it would , wecanafford , and do , pay double the amount , for less payments . Under the new system , wc would but be entitled to £ 5 . My Lodge , in addition to the £ 10 , pay £ 3 at the death of a member or member ' s wife , making £ 13 ; and we could afford to allow £ 5 . "W . S . " a ' so says ;— " everv Lodge was made acquainted with the proposed cdange long b e f o re the A . M . C . " I say in answer , no such intent was made k n own , or it never would have passed , I wonder where he got his infoiiuation , Mr . Editor , I cov'd have gone further into this , but have ah ' eady encr o ach e d greatly upon your valuable columns , I think enou g h hrs b ee n s aid to co nvinc e " W . S . " ol his errors , I ? not , he sha " hear from me again . Yours , truly , Henry Balmforth , P . S .
Star of Hope Lodge , Manchester District , Manc h ester , Au ^ jst 17 th , 1 , Little Sable-street , Thomas-street , Shudehill . N . B . — " W . S ., " in bis postscript , states : — " The regaliareqiiiredbylawis triflmg , and that the l a r g e sums paid , are voluntary ; " hut he forgot testate that the Board ahvaijs keep a stock in l > ind , and push th e articles , encoura ging Lodges to outstri p on e another in Tomfooler y us play ; and many new Lodges have been ruined by the expensive stock of sashing , caps , & c , sent from Aytoun-street .
Eocles District Of Odd Fellows. At A S P...
EOCLES DISTRICT OF ODD FELLOWS . At a s pe c ial Committee , held July 29 fch , 1 SJ 5 , to take into consideration the present critical state of the District , the following Resolution were passed unanimously : — L—That the Earl of Durham Lodge be allowed to remove to the house of Host Marsh ? ' ' , sign of the Jolly Cailer , Winton . 2 . —That this District having lost all confidence in the G . M . and Board of Directors , do henceforth eonsulcr that we are not called inon to enforce or obey anyrr ' esor ordc . t of the said uoard of D ' rectors . 3 . —That this District maintain itse'f I'istinct and separate from any Board of Management in which the Directors have any pecuniae / interest . 4 . —That we have read with sir-prise and indignr
tion a slanderous pub ? nation , sig n e d b y th o Offi c ers of the Order , " wr ' ch endeavours to throw the odium and responsibility of creating c' - ' sunion and insub 3 rdination throughout the Order , upon the numerous and respectable lodges that have refused to adopt their unwise and dangerous experiment , promulgated at the last A . M . C , h e ld at Glas go w ; an d that we fling back a , the odium and responsibility of having reduced to anarch y an d confusi o n our onc e noble and nourishing Instituti o n , upon the guilty heads of the G . M . and Board of Directors . 5 , —That the conduct of the C . S , of the Order , in procuring the suspension of the Humanity Lodge of this District , vdUwYti having violated any of the Laws of the Order , was alike unjustand contemptible ,
they having only given vent to their feelings in one general burst of indignation on the appearance in their L o d ge of the man who has laboured so fatally and energetically for the overthrow of the Institution , which hasvaisetl him from insignificance and supplied him with bread . 6 . —That we hereby stigmatize with or- especial c en s ure and re p rob a tion , the conduct of the C , S . of the Ord e r , in having represented a . t tlvi A . M . G „ our Deputy , Prov , o . S . Renshaw , as a susp e nded c h a racter , and thereby preventing him brin g ing forwr id a proposition to the effect— "that the Board of' Directors shall , in future , t 3 deprived of all pecuniary interest in the suppl y of gooda or commodities to the Order . "
7 . —That we have read with sentiments of gratific ati o n and trium p h , the resolutions of the Manchester Di s trict , in which they have , with courage and discretion , resisted the selfish and arbitrary dictation of the Board of Directors ; and we most cordially concur with them in those resolutions . 8 , —That there be a provisional Board of Management , to consist of two members from each Lodge . 9 . —That the best thanks of this Committee be given to the District . ' Officers for their impartial conduct this evening . 10 . —That a copy of these resolutions , with th e thanks and congratulations of this Committee , be p re s ented to the _ Lodges of the Manchester , Salford , and other Districts that have so fearlessly asserted their rights , and done their duty , ( Si g ned , ) J ons Johnson , Prov . G . M . Edward Wmpiunqtos , Prov , D , G . M . James Renshaw , Prov . C . S .
National Independent Order Of Odd Fellow...
NATIONAL INDEPENDENT ORDER OF ODD FELLOWS , L . D . District Office ( pro . tern . ) , Mr . Marsden's , Sir Thom a s ' Buildings , August 18 th , 1845 . Brethren , — A public meeting was 'held on Thursday evening , August 14 th , 1845 , in the Queen ' s Theatre , Christian-street , for the purpose of adopting measures to meet the disturbed state of tho di s tri c t , caused b y the unjust interferenccand relent less persecutions emanating from the officers of the Order and the Board of Directors of the Manchester Unity .
P , G . Greaves , of the Duke of Sussex Lodge , havmg been unanimousl y called to the chair , the following resolutions were submitted to the meeting , and upwards of 2 , 000 persons ( all Odd Fellows ) recorded their votes in favour of the same . 1 st . "That tb ' s meeting considers the laws passed at the Glasgow A . M . C . contrary to the constitution and tiue principles of Odd Fellowship , inasmuch as they are a direct and unwarrantable interference with the internal affairs of lodges , as guaranteed by the general laws of the Order in the management of our financial arrangements , Havin " no confidence m men that would force such
unjustand oppressive measures upon us , we therefore propose that the Liverpool district secede immediately from the Manchester Unity . " . . ^' " , Tliat we establish ourselves as the 'National Independent Order of Odd Fcllows ' . iand we earnestly solicit the zealous co-operation of every lodge and district in the universe , so that the principles of our noble Institution may be fully carried out -free from extravagant and tiseJess expenditurefree from thetraramels of men whehave betrayed the confidence we reposed in them , by their uncalled-for persecutions , and utter contempt for the riehts and liberties of the members of our order »
Sfh / ii ? . ctlng views with sorrow and njfJIl , T nfc an , . » rerous » M * ri <» that « " >>¦ brethren have been subject to for a number of years , by evil , designing men , who have become officers of Lodges , and defrauded them of their funds , afterwards treating the members with defiance and eontempt , tte therefore earnestly recommend , th a t when pnperly organised , immediate steos be taken to enrol the funeral funds-tkat Lodges oe requested to enrol their b y-Iaws-and that proper officers be
appointed immediately to carry the above objects into effect " A want of confidence in the Board of Directors has theref o re be e n recorde d b y upwards of 2000 vote s at one meeting , in this district ; and thousands of others , who were not present , we of the sa m e opinion . It is to bo regretted ( for the sake of the Institution ) that the men we p l a c e d confidence in should so far outstep the bounds of common justice , as to cause us te bo instrumental to a separation from the Manchester Unity ; but when the fact becomes thoroughly known to the members to what an unlimited extent they have carried their system of tyranny and oppression , we are sure there will be but one op inion upon our proceedings , namely , —that it is time the
Unity should be rid of , a nd for ever ! t he men who at their public festivals , and at their social meetings , are continually lauding the principles of Odd Fellowship , boasting of the many acts of kindness shown to a brother , —holding forth to the universe that the pilot of their actions is Friendship , Love , and Truth ; at the same time their deeds will prove that they have been continually seeking to increase their power over the members of the Unity ; and progressively increasing the expenditure , for p er s on a l aggrandizement : and yet tho member who dared to even murmur attheir unauthorised proceedings is imme d i a tely by their uncomprom ising mandate suspended fofnine months ; that is , until the next A . M . Cnever for a moment considering that the persecuted
member may be in distress—may be sick—may die No matter to the tyrants of Aytoun-street , —the crime of having dared to a ude to their despotic acts is a sufficient cause to sever the bonds of brotherly love and charity from the Unity . Nay , more , in the event of the death of a brother so suspended , the same sanguinary punishment is extended to Jlis Widow and unoffending offspring , Wo blush for their effrontery ! But for them to think that all members will tamely submit to be tyrannised over by them , is a mos t w o fnl mistake , wHch the decrease in the number of their own suppoiiers—the public murmurs of evciy individual in the Order—and the spirit of emancipation which is spreading fast throu ghout the Unity , wi" soon bring homo to their conviction . There are few m e mbers in the Unit y who are full y
aware of the principal cause of the present dissension but agree on one point , namely— " That the proceedings of the Executive have been oppressive and unconstitutional . " They may say that we should have taken a constitutional method of redressing our wrongs—that we should have sent a sufficient number of representatives to the next A . M . C , to annul their proceedings , and place other men in their situations . We admit that their plan may appear the most prudent , but we d e n y that there would be the least prospect of success . In the first p lace , any memb e r who has attended an A . M . C , is aware that the officers and Executive of the Order have it in their power to veto , by a system peculiar to themselves , any motion they may , be opposed to ! Secondly , they have
corrupted the system of representation by holding out an advanta g e of 2 5 per cent , to one portion of our brethr en over the other—the agricultural over the manufacturing districts . They imagine that by giving the agricultural districts such advantage , would be ensuring their suppoii in defence of the flnanci ?! scheme now brought forward . They , the Executive , curtailed the number of representatives . But mark the power they reserve for themselves ! Who is to decide which are agrimnturnl and which are manufacturing districts ? The Board of Directors , of course ! Wo ! to the districts that are not
submissive to their opinions , as they wi ' . soon discover they may be set down > s manufacturing districts , and be immediately visited with the 25 percent , vengeance I Where , we would ask , after such a corrupt system in the A . M . G ., is there a n y chance of a le g al r e dres s of our grievances ? The Board of Directors are usurpers I They have trampled upon our rights , and sneered at our just murmurs of complaint I They have closed up the only channel we had to redress our v ..-ongs , —have left us " no hope to relieve ourselves from abject slaveiy but to declare our independence o f such a n e f a rious , seif-aggrand ' -zing , and corrupt set .
w hatevev may be the result ( not that we fear their suspensions , as the day of the bugbear has gone by , Ji ' cc chaff before the wind , and justice—even-handed justice—has withdrawn the veil from our eyes ) , they , the Executive , are responsible . They have declared a war of extermination against the order for maintaining their rights ; and , not satisfied with the aid of their sa o'Vt--s and minions of power , they have sta ; led , and kee p in their p a y , a corrupt journal , which endeavours ( but in vain ) to stop the great cause of freedom . With j ustice and truth in o ur c a us e , we bid defiance to the " .- oppression , — our wrongs loudly call for the suppo . j of every honest member . They commenced the war when we had no power to cope with
them . Now we have , and are daily gaining voluntary accessions to our numbers ; and ere long wi'l make their despotic throne shake to its foundation—obliterate their names from our statute book for ever , — or if any particle be left in it , itjshall be for the sole purpose of warning others against any attemp t to tyrannise over their fellow men . But in waging war , we d o n o t m e an it to be a g ainst o ur bret h ren who were true to the principles of our noble Institution , and stood fearlessly forthe laws of our order in their purity . No , far from it . We would rather solicit their aid , so th a t w e m a y the sooner crush the poor man 's enemy . We would urge upon the agricultural districts not to be too sanguine as to the sincerity of the Board as regards their scale of payments .
Their tyrannical acts against us should be sufficient warning to them , that so soon as it suits their own purpose , they will treat them with similar conduct . We are determined to keep inviolate those laws of the Order necessary to carry out the principles of Odd Fellowship;—we shall retain that portion which is good , discarding the bad , Manchester , Salford , Huddersfield , and many other districts have expressed a wish to co-operate with us , and soon we shall have an Order of Odd Fellows existing in principle , —not as ithas been of late , a fraternity bearing its name , governed by a Star Chamber Inquisition . We are determined , so far as mor a l f o rce will go , to crush their power , and the ca u s e o f our g rievances shall be heard wherever an Odd Fellow is to be found .
By order of the Provisional Committee , P . G . Stanley , Prov . C , S , pro tem . Notice . —You are requested to appoint a deputy to attend a Committee of the district , to be held in the Philanthrop ic L o d g e Hou s e , Host Marsd e n ' s , Sir Thomas ' s Buildings , on Wednesday , September 3 rd , at eight o ' c lock in the ev e n i n g , for the purpose of electing officers forthe district . You are requested to bring a return book , with the name of eveiy member who wishes to join the National Independent Order of Odd Fellows , The D . C . S . pro , tern , of the above Order will be iu attendance at the above house every evening , from seven till ten o ' clock , where every information will be given .
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Joretgu Meiifgenm
joretgu Meiifgenm
Spain. Terrorism And Insurrectionary. Di...
SPAIN . Terrorism and Insurrectionary . Disturbascks in Madrid . —Accounts from Madrid of the 19 th hist , state that the attempt to enforce M . Moss' new tribute scheme had caused great fermentation in the capital . The following account wc take from the Times ;— Madrid , August 19 . Blood has been already shed in tta streets of this city . As I anticipated in my letter of yesterdav , the whole of the shops , with the exception of those where provisions a re so l d , remained shut up this morning ; and from some movements amongst the crowds in the low quarters of the town it was feared that an insurrection would be attempted , and an attack made
on the troops . Groups armed with bludgeons , awl many with knives , were seen from an early hour passing through the streets . The armed force had been already placed in position at the Puevta del Sol , the Plaza Mayor , Calle , Caw-etas , and other commanding points . Three pieces of mountain artillery were st a t io n e d in the C al l e de Covv co s , between the Post-offi"e and the houses lately built by Cordero , the Maragato . About ten o ' c lock General Cord o va , accompan i ed by an escort o f cuirassi e rs made a circ uit round the town , and as he was p assin g throu gh the Puerta d e l Sol , some cries were heard of " Muera Cord o v a , " " Muera el Gobicvno . " Cordova , forgetting his dignity so far as Governor of Madrid . drew his sword and charged himself at the head of his escort amongst the c .-owd , cutting away to the right
andleft . A company of infantry advanced , and sup ported the charge . The crowd retired a little way up the Calle Menteva , when three or four soldiers , who were separated from the rest , and who were paicicularly violent , were struck with sticks by some young men near them . Four dragoons turned back a g ain , and re-corameneed the charge ; and they were met with a shower of tiles and stones flung from the top of a house which is building in the same _ street . Some of the soldiers thereupon presented their muskets , and fired at the balconies above them . Ilia said that several persons were wounded , and one killed . A young lady standicg at a balcony in the same street was severely , wounded in the eye from the splinter of si shutter which had been struck by the bullets .
Spain. Terrorism And Insurrectionary. Di...
At twelve o ' clock , six or « w « a «** »< ; ^ ^ , the troops charged from the 1 uerta d * £ A ™ frour Calle Aicala . One man w * iw w »• km . -AJJJ .. or five wounded in the Ca 0 Camnas . tht « ra San Mieuc ) , between the 1 to ^ or ;' " ne ? Stovial house a shower of tile * , bru-k * , » ' »• ' "f ^ Jg flung on the sohiiers as tl ^ pa ^ i . b < . < g' ^ o have been wounded with fci » w « : " = >* ) i :, ^ V ? X nearly cutoff . Couriers imvc been * f * f * tS Basque Provinces to inform &««•*«* ° * " 'f-T ^ T which Madrid is at this moment . H ci * a » Wl sents valuer a melancholy a :: pcar : inco ,-ai » , viie sau ^ o and houses shut , few powc-us abroad ; antf uic tioops , civic guard , and oitv po . 'hv , wis-h Iwwrt mussera and ytbi'es drawn , line the- -ttvrf- in t'very direction ,
ready to act at a moment ' s notice . _ Four of the ringleaders \\ viv nmaiw in the bane ¦ Menteva during the charge ! ii"'ii- by ib ' . » troops ; they are prisoners in the l \ iftt- « if ; k-t , " ¦ * ¦> '•¦ lS £ 3 i " » will be tried by court-martini . SiiVRS O'Clock , p . m . ~ A Iwk vi < ; . ubl }* hert at three o ' clock by the Ik-il- VoUtW . . . The imstarticle orders , under pain ufbeint (¦• nisiuered as accomplices in the rebellion , tradesmen t-u open their shops within four hours : > . i ' tev U : * . ' . noisee . 2 , TuS police agents are ordered : <> £ <> a ?* -:. i . * . ;> . > xi rake Jislsof those that arc slmt . 5 ) . The police a ^ ent-s are ordered to give formal notice to the owupva t <» <*;» : u their shops ; . those where provisions arc -ol u « are allowedto be together in the streets ; t ! i <;» e wins violate the order to be arrested ; aii ( ihu 17 th of April ,
1821 . Thirty-seven prisoners were made to-dnv ; three , it i s said , will be shot to-nu > rrew . Three oiu ' eers have been severely wounded with Kuives ; one . it is said , mortally . More than four liwtis"i'd shops and establishments are closed . Nine O'Clock v . m . —Tim vvvv . ' ma passed off tranquilly , aud it is hoped thai ' nr . thin- ; will oceiu ' tUmng ' the night . One man wa * kiilai io-day in the Calle Toledo . The shop doove were &!•< : «! open with muskets and axes in the Calk- Toledo . It i « rumoured that Burgos , Saragossa , Toieiio . and Seville have also resisted in the sameiiiKitw ; : ' •<« Waorid . Madrid , August 21 . —The shop .- i ; i the same state as yesterday ; ' the doors oiify h . tlf op « m . _ It is rumoured that wwjs t ^ wns in the
neighbourhood have followed tlm example of Maund ; and the conductors of the Aniiaiuiinii diligences mention that it is almost impossible u > get any thing to liny along the road . A young man named Manno ! Oil , only twenty-font years of ' age , a journeyman iJiile-r , w ; iii ihot this morn ing at half-past eleven oVim : k , nnhuk the Toledogate , * he lias left a youni ; w ' uluw . He went to the ground with firmness , and " dU-il in the . same manner He was accused of havinu r . t {; bhw } an officer in the disturbances of the dav before yesioi'ihy .
Imwmam Itetmas
imwmam itetmas
Chartist Co-Opera'ijvk F,Anh Society Mee...
CHARTIST CO-OPERA'iJVK f , ANH SOCIETY Meetings for the purpose- of tu ; rolling members and transacting other business c «» ni ! an « l therewith are held every week on the folliwisu . ' > hiys and places : — SVST'A" ; : i-i :, v / . vc .. South London C / icmiV \ hlK V , r > , IMackfriars-road , at half-past six o'clock . —(' ' {« . < ' ¦ ' ¦ ' « .-rii .-t Hull , 1 , Tnrnagain-lanc , at six o ' clock . -- ' -Muihsler : at the Parthonium Club Rooms , 72 , hi . Maitin ' s-iane , at half past seven . —Somers Town ; at the ilail of Science , 19 , Cumb er land Row , King ' : < - « 'Ojs , at half-past seven . —Tower Hamlets ; at tho Wliittington and Cat , Church-row , Bethnal-grc-en , at six o ' clock precisely . —Emmeti ' s Brigade ; at the Uoek Tavern , Lisbong rove , at eight o ' clock pjw : V ' y . MONDAY KVHSING .
Camkrwe ll : at the Mompelwv Tavern , Walworth , at ei g ht o ' clock precisely .
TUESDAY JIVE . M . VG . Tower Hamlets : at the Whittiuglon and Cat , Church Row , Bethnal-gretn , at eight o'clock . — Greenwich : at the George ami Dragon , Blackheathkill , at eig ht o ' clock .
WEDNESDAY CYENIXO . Marylclone : at the Painters' Anns , Civcus-stxeet > at eight precisely . City Guautist Ham ,, 1 , TrusAiiAis-i , A > -E , — Mr , Cooper ' s fourth lecture wiii take place on Sunday evening next ( to-morrow ) , hi the above-named hall ; to commence at a qiwrhv past seven . Subject the Middle or Dark Ago . s ; establishment of Ch-isthuuty b y Constantino ; Ari a n , a nd other sects , and the fierce and murderous persecutions in the church ; rise of Papal power ; superstitious tales of the saints ; sects of moiiks and Innrx ; the subtleties of the schoolmen ; the Paniiciaii . s Albigcnscs , Ac ; rise of Mah o met , and conquests , science , and literature of the Arabs ; the Crusades , an d their in f lu e nce in European civilisation . —The public discussion w"'lbe resumed at h-ilf-past ten precisely , on Sunday mornin g n e xt , August the Shi . —In the afternoon , at three , the Metropolitan District Council will meet for the dispatch of business .
Camdekweh , anu Wauvuutu . —A meeting will he held at the Montpclier Tavern , Walworth , on Monday evening next , September 1 st , at eight o ' cl o ck precisely . Mauyleboxe . —The members of the above locality res p ectfull y acquaint their friends that they intend to wind up their water-trips for the season with a grand excursion , on Monday , September the 8 th , and solicit their company on tho occasion . TJiey have made arrangements with the Jaiiclloi'd of the Plough , at Northa l l , to provide them with all needfills for recreation ; a good dinner will also be provided , at a moderate charge . Tho boats will start from the Wcigh-bridge , Paddington , at half-past eight for nine o ' clock . Fare , thei-e and back , n i ne pence . Tickets may be had of Vincent Pakes , subsecretary , Painters' Arms , Circus-street , New-road .
Cork-cutters' Theatric ; l Benefit . — A benefit in aid of the sick , superamiated , and burial fund of the abov e tr a d e , will be held ar , the Royal Victoria Theatre , on Tuesday evening , September the 9 tb . An excellent bill of fare is provided" for the occasion ,. supported by those popular actors , Mr . Osbaldiston and Miss Vincent , with the powerful company of that establishment , aided b y several able auxiliaries . Hammersmith . —A meeting will bo held at the Dun Cow , Brook-green-lane , on Tuesday evening next , September the 2 nd , at eight o ' clock precisel y . Chartist Co-operative Land Society . —A public meeting of all the shareholders in the Loudon district > vi « . be held on Sunday evening , August Slst , in the South London Hall , Webber-street , Blackfriars-road , to revise the present rules , and to hear a report from the secretary of the present state of the Society * The chair will bo taken at seven o ' clock precisely .
Mascuesteu . —Mr . Thomas Clark will lecture ia Car pe nters ' Hall , Garrctt-road , at s ix o 'clock on Sunday evening next . Subject : " The objections urged against the Land plan , by Mr . J . B , O'Brien and his partizans . " Chartist Co-operative La . vd Society . —A public meeting of all the shareholders in the Manchester district will be held on Sunday evening , in the Carp ent e rs' Hall , M a n c heste r , to revise the present rules , and to hear a report of tho present state of the Society . Leeds . —Mr . P . M'Grath wil' lecture here at halfpast six o ' clock on Sunday evening next . Rochdale . —Mr . 0 . Doyle will lecture here on Sunday evening next .
Messrs . P . M'Grath , T . Clark , and C . Doyle wil address the people of Burnley 011 Monday , September 1 st ; Blackburn , Tuesday , 2 nd ; Preston , Wednesday , 3 rd ; Bolton , Thursday , 4 th ; Ashtmi-nnder-Lyne , Sunday , 7 th ; Mottram , Monday , 8 th ; Staley Bridge , Tuesday , 9 th ; Macclesfield , Wednesday , 10 th ; Stockpott , Thursday , llth ; Manchester , Sunday , Mth . Srocju-oflT . —Mr . Wm . Dixon will lecture in the Association Room , Bomber ' s Brow , at half-past sis 0 clock on Sunday evening . Sheffield . —A meeting of the shareholders of the Chaiiist Co-operative Land Societv will be held at Mr . Sheldon ' s Temperance Hotel . Stcclhouse-Iane , on Tuesday , September 2 nd . Mottram , —A meeting of the shareholders in the Co-operative Land Society will be held in the Large Room , Mottram , on Sunday next , at two o ' clock , when the secretary will attend for the purpose of en rolling new shareholders .
Oldham . —0 \ V Sunday ( to-morrow ) a lecture will be delivered in the Working Man ' s Hall , Horsedgesfcreet , at six o ' clock in the evening . On Oldham "Wakes Monday , September 1 st , a Chartist Tea Party plain and fancy dress ball will take place ia the above Hall . Tea on the table at live o ' clock . Derby . —The shareholders of * flic Chaitist Cooperative Land Society are requested to meet at Chester ' s Temperance House , Osmaston - street . Derby , a t seven o ' clock in the evening . The Chartists of Newcastle axd Gateshead , will h o ld their monthl y meeting at the house of Martin Jnde , Sun Inn , Side , on Sunday evening August 31 st , at seven o ' clock . The members of the Chartist Co-operative Land Society meet at Martin Judo s . Sun Inn , Side , every Sunday evening , at six 0 clock , for receiving subscriptions and enrolment
Bolton . —A quarterly meeting of members willtake place in the Chartist Association Room on September the 7 th , at half-put five o ' clock in the evening , to nominate a new council . A public dig . mission will take place in the Association Room every Sunday evening , at half past six o ' clock , until further ; notice . Subject for next Sunday : " The ^ Land Plan , " Birmikohak . —A meeting of the shareholders of the Chartist Co-operative Land Society wi'l be nek * at the house of the Sub-Secretary , No . Ill , Eea--street , for the purpose of considering of such altera , tionsin the rules as may be thought necessary , Bradford . —On Sunday a public meeting will hoheld at the Chartist Four-acre Farms , WilsSen , near-S ° te } meHce ? ' twtfoUKfciuiteWE-
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), Aug. 30, 1845, page 1, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse2.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns2_30081845/page/1/
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