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Jnu 4, 1846. ¦ ¦ , ¦ THE NORTHERN STAR. ...
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#amgtt iHobrments
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<< And I will war, at least in wards, (A...
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* "Revelations of Russia in 1846;" by an...
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SETTLEMENT OF THE OREGON QUESTION. ARRIV...
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THE WAR BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES AND ME...
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DESTRUCTION OF ST. JOHN'S , NEWFOUNDLAND...
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Tiie Popes.—Pius IX. is the third Bishop...
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TUE CAPE OF GOOu HOPE. BATTLES BETWEEN T...
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along the whole o Kerlit up last mght by...
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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Jnu 4, 1846. ¦ ¦ , ¦ The Northern Star. ...
_Jnu 4 , 1846 . ¦ ¦ , ¦ THE NORTHERN STAR . T
#Amgtt Ihobrments
# _amgtt _iHobrments
<< And I Will War, At Least In Wards, (A...
<< And I will war , at least in wards , ( And—should my chance so happen—deeds , ) With all who war with Thought ' . " « I think I hear a little bird , who sings The peop le bjand by will be the stronger . _"—Bybck
_REVELATIONS OF RUSSIA . * ko . _i . A few years ago , an attempt was made by certain polit icians to excite an anti-Russian agitation in this country . Urqhart _, Attwood , of "Newcastle , and two or three fourth-rate Chartist agitators , went through the country creating a terrible pother respecting the alleged ambitious designs of Russia . It was asserted that everywhere Russian influence was all
paramo unt , not excepting even the British government , in which the autocrat had his paid tool . The indi-Tidual thus designated was Lord P . aemersto _* s , whose impeachment was demanded , his accusers asserting that they had proofs of his treachery , which would suffice to warrant the shaving of him so close that he would never need to wear a wig . In fact , his head was called for , as the betrayer of England , and the paid slave of Russia .
With some sound views , the originators of this movement most beautifully organised their own failore by indulging in the grossest exaggerations aB to the power and designs of Russ _i a- Their exaggerations first caused men to doubt , and ultimately to reject the entire of their statements ; and thus Russia was most effectually served hy the very means intended to injure her . The "Foreign Policy Movement , ' * Jt wascalled , finding no supporters amongst the aristocracy and middle class , its originators turned their attention to the Chartist party , —the only party possessing _' enthusiasm , and moved by patriotic inspirations , —but this party , with the exception of the two or three fourth-rate agitators , also rejected the " newmove . "
They saw at the head of the movement men who . for the most ' part , were supporters of the existing order of things in this country , and who , while claraonrlng against foreign despotism , were nevertheless opposed to home freedom . The people wisely said , " If j-on are in earnest , help us to get political power , and we'll soon settle accounts with the Russian despotism 1 " This the "foreign policy" men wonld not do ; the Chartists , therefore , opposed their movement as a fraud and a delusion , intended to attract public attention from domestic grievances . The result was , therefore , a triumph for the Russian despotism , which , no donbt , witnessed with no small satisfaction this discomfiture of its foes caused by their own folly _andfshort-sightedness .
The cause of freedom and _progression in Eastern Europe was materially injured instead of aided by the "Foreign Policy Movement . " The duplicity and exaggerations of the actors in that movement implanted in the breasts of the English _democrats Suspicions and prejudices which are but now wearing away . The rapid dissipation of these prejudices and suspicions has been chiefly brought abont by the recent events in Poland , aided hy the li ght which during the past twelTe months has been , although bnt partially , shed upon the condition of things in the unhappy countries subjected to the sceptre ofthe Tsar .
It is therefore under favourable auspices that we engage in this inquiry into the internal condition of Russia , and an examination of the resources of its gigantic despotism ; and surely no subject can be more interesting to every friend of humanity and to every English reader . To every _friendj-of humanity , because involving the present condition of one-twelfth of the whole human race , with the prospect that that number will be greatly increased , unless the progress of the Russian despotism be checked . To every Englishman , beeause we shall have to estimate the strength of an empire next in magnitude and power to that ofthe
British isles ; an " empire with whieh there is too good reason for anticipating England will one day have to contend in deadly strife , if not in defence of oppressed nations , at any rate in defence of her own material interests ; fortunately in defending the latter she cannot fail to most signally serve the former . We do not , however , despair that when the conflict does come it will be not so much for the sordid object of , territorial possessions or trade advantages , as for the nobler one of emancipating ' fallen nations , who naturally look io England as the pioneer of progress and the champion of a principle directly the opposite of that embodied in the Russian despotism .
Hitherto Russia has not only remained unknown beyond its superficies , but , what is "worse , has been misrepresented , wherever an attempt has been to penetrate it . At length in these volumes we have the evidence of a writer whose depositions are "ihe result of an extent of personal observation on Ids part , or of information _, collected'by 1 dm on the spot , beyond ihe opportunities afforded _t- > tlte mere traveller" At last , therefore , we have something like the truth , and that
truth discloses so _appalling a picture of Muscovite despotism , and , at the same time , the innate weakness of that despotism , that we are compelled to regard as the most sacred and _^ dispensable of duties , the aiding the author in making public , to the utmost possible extent , the astounding information which he has so laboriously gathered , and so nobly committed to the wings ofthe press ; That press beneath whose censure the all-potent _Nicholas winces In impotent rage .
That nearly all travellers visiting the Russian empirehave been more or less mystified , as to the actual state of the country , is undoubted ; and this is not surprising , when it is remembered that Russia is , pur excellence , the country of deceit . —The Emperor deceives his people , his agents deceive him , and the people turn their utmost ingenuity to deceive their Emperor ' s agents . There have been such things in Russia as villages built up of boards ; like stage scenery in the distance , in
desolate districts , which an autocrat has said shall be peopled ; sets of sleek and smiling peasants , with all their household comforts have been driven a few posts in advance of a _Ilnssian _sovereign , all ready to be surprised at an abundant meal , in homes which tliey had inhabited bnt an hour . There is at the present day , in most kitchens of gorermnent establishment ? , a mess of broth , always kept warm , of which the emperor tastes when playing Peter the Great , and ' * seeing all with his _v'lrn eves , " he surprises it with a risk 1
The author of this work is actuated by no prejudiced antipathy against the Russian people ; on the contrary , in no work that we have read have we seen the Russian people so advantageously depicted . _Neither does he indulge in idle declamation against the " ambition " of Russia , he jndges that" ambition according to its results , and , ' finding those results opposed to the happiness of the greatest number , he condemns it . Indeed he shows , that the Russian despotism is destructive not only ofthe happiness ofthe greatest number , but of all , with the exception ofthe one throned Moloch , and his rapacious agents .
There is no national , no "Russian interest ; there is only the interest of the house of Romanoff . Russia is a mere possession of the emperor and his family ; itis a vastand important one , tint the time is looked forward to when it may become comparatively insignificant . It is therefore obvious that its interests as a nation may be at variance with , aud sacrificed to those of its possessor . Tbe Bussiaa is the only sovereignty in the world where tlie advantage of the governed and the _Governing , blind as ihe latter may often be in perceiving it , are not indissolubly identified . The Russian cabinet is a collection of servants who have no object but to serve
a master , and to carry out liis _desipns ; it is influenced by none ofthe contradictory interests which distract a constitutional ministry . The terror of its vicinity , ana of a power which looms still more gigantic in its indistinctness — tbe patient and enduing foresight of iu intri gues , which play off the fears of petty states against private interests—enable it to make that silent progress widen , without obtruding itself on publicity , bocomes startling and incontrover tible when our attention is directed towards it . _During a time of profound peace , Russian influence gains ground , and she conquers , not because of the power she " does possess , " but of that which she is " thoughtto possess . **
The suspicion of his subjects which the late King of Sweden entertained to the last gave Russia all the ascendency at Stockholm that it was possible for her to Possess in a constitutional conntry . In Prussia , her present sovereign , led away by his fears for his Rhenish provinces , and the hope of bring able to walk alone when he should have obtained that ascendency over the petty German states which he hoped to dispute with Austria , entered into a strict alliance ( so repugnant to his natural
* "Revelations Of Russia In 1846;" By An...
* "Revelations of Russia in 1846 ; " by an "English _ffcsident . Third editioH . london : H . Colburn , Great " Warib oroagh-street .
* "Revelations Of Russia In 1846;" By An...
feelings and personal antipathies ) with the Russian cabinet : he has surrendered himself as Faust _toMepbistopbeles ; coil after coil winds around him , and _compronuses his position in that civilized Europe in which he would have wished to play the liberal leader , whilst _retaining the power and the sweets of despotism ; audits Byzantine craft must smile as it gees the very advantages for which he prostituted his obeisance and dignity _escapin- ' from his expectant grasp into its own ; for whilst thtj sovereign of Prussia leaned for support on Nicholas to _i take a prominent lead amongst the German states , in the visionary hope of uniting and heading a homogeneous German people , Nicholas himself , by marriages , intrigues , and bribes , has made that progress for bis own interests , to effect which thePrussian cabinet sold itself to him .
These silent advances may easily be denied ; a small portion only ofthe subterranean march can ever be adducedin evidence . A little whileback theZollverein and the severity ofthe Prussian censorship , which did not aHow the publication of articles against Kussia which it wonld even have permitted against its own government , where the only ostensible proofs of Russian influence ; we have since seen Prussia submit to the bitter humiliation of acceding to the emperor ' s imperious demand of expelling the Polish refugees . "We have seen the government of Sweden—Sweden , the country where hate of Russia is imbibed by the child with its mother ' s milk—refusing to admit the Polish
exiles . Has not the influence of Russia been recently powerful , and hardly yet defeated , in the Morea t Is it not still in Turkey a hundred times greater than the terror of her real strength can warrant * Has not Russia heen making progress to obtain a family interest in the reversion to the Danish throne—that interest which a powerful stale may expect to gain over a feeble one through family connexion , but which is now felt to be unattainable through the alliance with great princely houses ; Nicholas has one child married to a rejeton of the Napoleons , another to thepresumed heir to the throne of Denmark * , intermarriages with the families of petty German states have comprised the other alliances of his house _.
There are those who , admitting the oriental despotism ofthe Russian government , look upon Nicholas as one of those vigorous reformers who , hy stern and energetic means , abolish great abuses , and pave the way to the happiness ofa people hy acts harsh and unjustifiable _. ' who consider him the man fit to rule over and regenerate his semi-barbarous people . Tbe terseness of this not very original judgment has always , whenever iifhas been applied in history , been greater than its truth . It was not tyranny and cruelty that redeemed from barbarism the inhabitants of Attica and Italy , and they can never be necessary instruments of such reform .
On the other hand , Nicholas is rendering the lot of that portion of the hum-in race inhabiting his dominions eveiyhoHrmore miserable . His tyranny , if not greater , is more organized and more complete , than that of his predecessors . It is the savage who has borrowed the knowledge of anatomy and surgery to torture more effectively . His system is , to crush down all beneath him to the same ignoble level , to fetter thought , speech , and mind , and to degrade the races now beneath his rule , as well as those over whicb he is striving to extend it , to the condition of the Chinese , bnt Chinese drilled , disciplined , and pipe-clayed .
"We must defer till nest week our Author ' s mas . _terly sketch , personal , political , intellectual , and moral , of the great Muscovite Moloch . We should state that the present is the third edition of this valuable work , a sufficient proof of "its extensive sale and popularity in this country ; while in Russia itself , a correspondent ofthe Athenceum writing from St . Petershurgh states that he has known as much as 500 roubles , or 221 . paid for the mere perusal ot these _Revelations . _Notwithstanding its rigorous prohibition , two hundred copies of this work have been smuggled into Russia by way of Tiflis , a pleasant fact for the Autocrat to reflect npon , dreading as ** he does , a solitary look more than a thousand battalions , and trembling before the pen when Tauntingly defying the sword . "Wait a little longer !"
Settlement Of The Oregon Question. Arriv...
SETTLEMENT OF THE OREGON QUESTION . ARRIVAL OF THE HIBERNIA . LIVERPOOL , Sukday Night . The Royal Mail steamer Uibernia , commanded by Capt . Ryrie , arrived here to-day at noon , with 102 passengers , and the usual mail , from the United States and Canada . She left Boston on the 16 th , and Halifax on the 19 th inst ., and has made the whole _Toyage in twelve days . She brings the very important intelligence that the Oregon question had been settled on a secure and satisfactory basis , and a treaty on a basis authorised by the Senate has been signed by " Messrs . Buchanan and Pakenham . The course of the events whicli have brought abont this desirable conclusion was as follows . On the 10 th inst . the President sent a message to the Senate , which was accompanied by a
project submitted to him by Mr . Pakenham as one to which , if the "United States government should consent , he , on the part of the British government , was authorised to assent . This proposition was by the President , who it will be remembered , is pledged to 5 L 40 . line of demarcation , submitted to the Senate , and by them considered or debated with closed doors , on the 10 th , 11 th , and 12 th instant , and that body , by a majority greater than is required for the final ratification of a treaty , has advised him to accept tbe offered terms , and conclude the treaty . In fact , our latest intelligence , by the magnetic telegraph from Philadelphia , announces that the treaty was actually signed by both diplomatists , and would be sent to the Senate on the loth . Of the terms of this arrangement the following are the leading points : —
1 . The 49 th parallel— 'till it strikes the Sound separating Vancouver ' s Island from the main—thence along the centre of that Sound southerly through the Straits of Fuca to the Sea—leaving the navigation of those Straits free to both , and the whole of Vancouver ' s Island to Great Britain : 2 . The free navigation of the Columbia River to the Hudson ' s Bay Company nntil the expiration of their present charter—and acknowledging their right of property in the buildings , improvements , Sic , which they own south of 49 . There are probably oth er stipulations about a reciprocal nse of the ports in Vancouver ' s Island and within the Straits of Fuca .
WASHINGTON CITY , TJMTED STATES , June 14 . The proceedings in Congress in open session have been quite unimportant since the sailing ofthe Great Britain , one week ago . In secret session , however , the Senate has been engaged on very important business—no less than the consideration of propositions for the settlement of the Oregon controversy , which have been made by ilr . Pakenham , and have been submitted by President Polk for the advice of the Senate , a 3 to whether he shall accept them , and conclude a treaty thereon .
The propositions which have been made b y Mr . Pakenham are understood to be—the extension of the 49 th parallel of north latitude as the boundary line to the Straits of Fuca , and thence through the straits around the southern end of Vancouver's Island to Great Britain , and the navigation of the River Columbia to the sea ; together with sundry stipulations relative to the possession of that company below the line of 49 deg ., and any which may belong to the citizens ofthe United States above tbat line . These , I say , are understood to indicate the propositions submitted by Mr . Pakenham , although nothing has been officially promulgated , and the senators are remarkably close and secret in reference thereto .
These propositions were sent to the Senate by thc President on Wednesday , the 10 th inst ., and tbe Senate were then engaged in a discussion on the bill creating additional Major Generals and Brigadier Generals . The debate was immediately suspended , and the Senate went into secret session , remaining therein several hours , as was the case also on Thursday and Friday , on whicb latter day the Senate advised the President to accept the terms offered by a vote of 38 to 12 , the remaining six senators being absent , but four of them being known to be in favour of the terms . The number voting in the affirmative , however , 38 , without any of those who were absent , is sufficient to confirm tbe treaty if all the others should vote against it , 38 being two thirds of 56 , the whole number of senators . The result , however , will show at least three to one in favour of the treaty , instead ofthe Constitutional number of two to one .
The news that the basis of a treaty had been sent into the Senate was known in a few minutes after it had been actually sent in , and created very general gratification wherever it was told . It was immediately transmitted by the magnetic telegrap h from this city to New York , where it had a very favourable influence on all descriptions of business , because it is generall y believed that when the difficulties with Englana respecting Oregon are settled , it will lead to a speedy settlement with Mexico also . New Yoek , June 15 .
I am happy to send you intelligence of the peaceful adjustment of the Oregon question . It was rumoured last week that the basis of a treaty of settlement had been sent to the Senate by the President , but little confidence was , however , attached to the report , when it was suddenly declared , to the surprise and joy of the whole country , that the Senate , b y an overwhelming vote of 38 to 10 , had authorised the Executive to open negoeiations for the final disposition of this tiresome dispnte . Thus have my repeated assurances ofthe pacific sentiments Of the country been most triumphantl y sustained ; and no stronger evidence could be given of the perfect knowledge of their interests possessed by ' the people of the United States , and of their firm adherence to them , than the decisive influence tbe . y _aVft _^ 01190 * over their Qov « rn-
Settlement Of The Oregon Question. Arriv...
ment and demagogues . The President erred most egregiously in his _ill-advista declaration at his entree into office , relative to the entirety of our rights over Oregon The absurdity of his statement was evident , and the bullying spirit in which it was made has been most decisively and strikingly rebuked by the nation . The settlement of this dispute , which was entangled and inflamed through the contemptible conduct of selfish and unprincipled men , by the dignified § _* interference of the people themselves , whose majestic will has heen uttered in the vote of tho _Senate , is more emphatic than any words , both of the intelligence of our masses and the elevated principles whichguide them . The sweeping
denunciatiens of our enemies respecting our belligerent impulses and savage contempt of the restraints of civilisation are strikingly disproved , and a more formidable _argument than ever raised in favour of our institutions and their pacific tendency . It _cannetfail to ho a subject of general rejoicing with you , that a destructive war has been avoided in a matter indifferent to the feelings of both countries , and that the vast interests of these two nations have escaped _thefiery ' dcmolition which at various moments threatened them . I may indulge the remark , en passant , that the altered tone of the English press , employing arguments instead of vulgar abuse , their ancient weapon , has contributed not a little to the satisfactory arrangement of this difficulty .
The certain effect of a continuance of peaceful relations between England and the United States will he an expansion of trade and an increase of our commercial connections which will surpass any former state of things . Care must be taken on both sides to avoid excess , lest a f dangerous reaction may ensue , and stagnation again set in , as in 1837 8 . Humanity may rejoice , however without bounds , and the civilisation of the nineteenth century boast that it has achieved a greater triumph than all the victories of _Napoleon . Public Feeling in New York . —For several days past the public mind has been much excited £ by the reports in circulation in relation to the settlement of the Oregon question . Notwithstanding the semiofficial source from which these reports emanated ,
there was much donbt about a settlement so immediate as anticipated ; and the uncertainty existing served to keep things rather depressed than otherwise . At an early hour yesterday morning we received a telegraphic despatch from Washington , announcing the fact that , the Senate had agreed to the proposals presented by the President by a very large majority , authorizing the Executive to form a treaty on the basis proposed . The vote was more than the required two-thirds , and we have no doubt but that many of the absentees will be present when the treaty is sent in for ratification : and there will be without doubt a larger vote in its favour than that taken on the preliminary movement . The effect of this announcement in Wall-street was electrical . The excitment had become intense by the surprise ; and
when it became known that all doubt had been removed _, the countenances ofall interested in commercial affairs became covered with smiles , and the best feeling prevailed among all classes . The flags of our ships were given to the breeze , and judging from the exultation exhibited , it appeared as though there was a public rejoicing for some brilliant victory . The amicable and satisfactory arrangement of this important question is a victory ; it is a victory of the great commercial interest of this country and Great Britain over _! those few political "demagogues , who , to advance their own selfish ends , would plunge the two nations into a long and disastrous war ; and it is another evidence of the power and influence of those interests , which are employed in cementing the nations of the world under the most liberal commercial treaties . — -New York Herald .
OREGON" _QUESTION . The following is an authentic list of the votes in the Senate ofthe United States , on the question of acriiing the President to accept Mr . Pakenham ' s proposal : — IN SECRET SESSION Jpke 12 . On advising the President to accept Mr , Pakenham ' s Proposition . Teas , 38 ; Nays , 12 .
TEAS . Archer Evans Pearce Ashley Greene _Penuyoacker Bagby Haywood Phelps Benton Houston Rusk Berrien Huntington Sevier Calhoun Johnson , of Md . Simmons Chalmers Johnson , of La . Speight Clayton , T . lewis Turney Clayton , J . M . M'Duffie Upbam Colquitt Mangutn "Webster Davis Miller Woodbridge Dayton Morehead _Tulce Dix Niles
NATS . Allen Cass * Jam agin Atherton Dickinson Jenness _Breese Fairfield' Semple Cameron Hannegan Sturgeon rAIEED OFF . Atchison Crittenden ABSENT . Barrow Bright Corwin NOT VOTING . _Westcott .
The War Between The United States And Me...
THE WAR BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES AND MEXICO . In respect to the Mexican war , there is no new fact to communicate concerning the military operations since our last report . The official despatches of General Taylor , announcing the capture of Matamoras , shew that the Mexican force was retreating hastily towards the interior , having evacuated that town on the . eve of General Taylor ' s approach , conveying with them such portion of the munition and ordnance as they could . General Taylor , however , had captured large stores and many arms , cannon and small arms , secreted by the enemy previous to his departure , but easily found afterwards . The strictest orders , which are strictly enforced , were issued by General Taylor to his army , to treat private persons and property with entire respect , and that nothing should be taken for the army but upon pavment .
The blockade of Vera Cruz was officially notified on the 20 th May to the authorities , and all others concerned , by tho senior officer commanding the American squadron . We make the following extracts from New Orleans papers ofthe 31 st ult .: — ( From the Picayune , ) The barque _Theatus , Captain Merrell , arrived at this port last night from Vera Cruz , which place she left on the 20 th inst . By her we bave received full files of pnpers from Mexico and Yera Cruz , containing 13 days later intelligence , and verbal news of great interes _" . "We learn that the United States steam-ship Mississippi , arrived off . Vera Cruz on the ISth , bringing the intelligence ofthe glorious battles of the Sth and 9 th inst ., but , very wisely , th _« 5 news was only communicated to a few Americans in the city . The port was immediately blockaded by the Mississippi and the Falmouth .
Orders were received by the American citizens from the city of Mexico , directing them to leave Vera Cruz by the 24 th inst ., or retire into the interior . It was expected that our Consul would go on board one of our vessels . On the 19 th an American vessel approached the port , and was immediataly boarded by our officers and forbidden to enter the port . In the night , however , she succeeded in slipping into port . From all we can gather , the Govern _, ment is making the greatest exertions , straining every nerve to carry on the war with the utmost vigour , and by the most arbitrary measures had replenished thetreasury _. The Castle of San Juan de Ulloa , as our last accounts state , was in a perfect state of defence , and the officers in command were confident of _being able to repel an attack . They will shortl y have an opportunity of displaying their skill in gunnery and forming an intimate acquaintance with our naval force . The contractor for supplies for the Mexican squadron had been placed under arrest by the authorities .
We understand that the next demonstration of General Taylor will be upon the city of Monterey . ThiB place is about ninety leagues from Matamoras . and is approached by a difficult road running through an arid and ill-watered country . It is the principal city of the province of Sew Leon , and commands the entrance of the tablelands or interior of Mexico , throug h the passes of the Sierra Madre . To make the operations of the army upon Monterey more secure , if not absolutely certain , General Taylor designs occupying the town of Camargo , about 250 miles by water above Matamoras . To do this securely it is necessary for him to have transports of a draft suitable to the navigation of the Bio Grande . Camargo will be the basis of his operations upon Monterey , and this point must be first made the depot of supplies , and entrenched in a style capable of sustaining a siege .
It was the design of General Taylor , as we learn , to be at Monterey by the first of July but the want of transports to convey his stores to Camargo , has compelled him to delay further progress in the enemy ' s country till this deficiency is removed . Camargo is situated upon the Rio Grande , and presents au admirable fonndation for a display upon the interior , and from Caraargo to Monterey is about 40 leagues , or 120 miles . The country lying between that town and Monterey is more fertile than that between Matamoras and Monterey , consequently it is altogether better for the army to proceed from Camargo upon Mon . terey than from Matamoras .
With a view to expedite the march of the army , Capt . Sanders , who has distinguished himself in the admirable defences he has constructed about Point Isabel , has been despatched to this city to procure the necessary transports . He is now in the city of New Orleans , but will proceed up the river immediately to supply the deficiency in transports which his purchases here may leave . From the mouth ofthe Rio Grande to Matamoras vessels drawing four feet of water can run without obstruction ; above that point up to Camargo there arc not more than three feet of water in many places . Steamers ofthe proper draft can scarcely be got in sufficient numbers hero to answer the purposes of an inrading army , and , therefore , Captain Saunders will go west to Und them .
Before reaching Camargo the army will have to take thetown ofReynosa , which ia between Matamoras and Camargo . It is not expected , however , that any defence will be made of such Villages .
The War Between The United States And Me...
r _^ _kBbralof-3 f 0 , 1 ° _e extracts from the New
THE WAR WITH MEXICO . By thc recent intelli gence from Vera Cruz , it appears that the severe lessons administered to Arista , and the army under his command , by the Americans , at Palo Alto and Resaca de la Palma , have not produced the effect it was hoped they would . On tho contrary , Pnrcdes seems determined to carry on the war with the greatest energy . For this purpose , he had atthe last accounts from Mexico , resorted to very high-handed measures to replenish his treasury , by compelling the clergy to furnish subsidies , to the amount of ninety-eight thousand dollars per month . While Paredes is taking these measures to sustain his administration , symptoms of discontent and revolt ave being developed in different quarters . In tho south particularly , General Alvarez was carrying on his hostile preparations ; and at thc last accounts Mazatlan on the Pacific , had pronounced against the existing government .
From these accounts it is clear that difficulties are beginning to surround Paredes , which must sooner or later end in his overthrow . While he must show consistency in carrying on the war with the United States , he is obliged to make the clergy furnish the means . By doing this ho will lose his popularity with the most influential body in theoountry , without whose countenance and support in an emergency like the present , no administration can stand . B y abandoning the war policy , and making preparations for peace , his overthrow would be still more certain and . rapid . He cannot leave the capital on account of the bad odour his administratiou is in , caused by tho recent defeats .
__ The Espectador of the 24 th ult ., published in the city of Mexico , gives a description of the kind of war the _ Mexican Government proposes to carry on against the United States . It is a guerilla war , no pitched battles to bo fought , but the country to be laid waste , tbe enemy ' s troops harassed , and all supplies cut off . The Mexicans are well skilled in this mode of warfare .
Destruction Of St. John's , Newfoundland...
DESTRUCTION OF ST . JOHN'S , NEWFOUNDLAND BY FIRE . Iivebpool , Tuesdav . — The Princess Royal steampacket , from Glasgow , has this morniri _;; brought intelligence ofthe almost total de * truction of St . John ' s , Nowfoundlcnd , by an awful conflagration which broke out on the morning ofthe 0 th of Juno inst . The Bozelle , Captain Wilkinson , which arrived at Glasgow on Sunday evening , sailed from thence on the 12 th , The alarm was given at half-past eight o ' clock , and numbers of our townspeople mustered immediatel y in the locality , whicli was soon indicated by adenso cloud of smoke , and shortly afterwards by the flames bursting r orth _, and mounting far above the roofs of the neighbour _, ing houses . From the long drought the wooden tenements , of which thc street was entirely composed , were as dry as tinder and the fire _extendad rapidl y into
Queenstreet , in _a-.-ite ofall that the fire companies , assisted by the inhabitants , could do to arrest its progress . This waB a wide street , and a great part of it consisted of stone buildings , but such by this time was the energy acquired by the devouring element , that doors , window sashes , and the woodwork under the eaves of the slates took fire , notwithstanding that the _engines continued to play on them till the firemen wora obliged to retreat from _thelntense heat . Both sides of this street were shortly on fire down to Water-street . To cross the streeet was the work ofa moment , aud in a few minutes the premises of Messrs . 3 . and W . Stewart , P . Rogerson and Son , and Boyd and _M'Dougall were one mass of flames . It soon communicated with the oil vats of Messrs , Stewart , and C . F . Bennett and Co ., whence columns offlame shot brilliantly upwards , and were carried down the harbour by the
wind , which was moderate al first , but gradually freshened as the day advanced , Mr . J . H . Warren ' s premises and vats caught immediately afterwards on the lower side , while to the westward it soon reached the extensive premwes and vats of Messrs , Rennie _, Stuart , and Co ,, whence it spread as far as those of Messrs . Newman , and Co ., destroying all the intermediate buildings and wharfs ; here , providentially , its ravages to the westward were stopped . From Mr . Warren ' s premises the fire proceeded _nith accelerated rapidity down both sides of Waterstreet ; great hope 3 were entertained that it would be arrested by the fire-break constituting Beck ' s Cove , as the buildings to the east of it on both sides of "Water-street werebriek and _slntod , With a view of stopping the _flro here , his Excellency Sir J . Harvey , who was early on the ground , ordered the houso of Messrs . E . and N . Stab ,
forming the south-west boundary of the cove , to be blown up . Wo regret to have to state that one ofthe artillerymen who fired the train was killed b y the explosion , and another severely wounded . The fire crossed the break , notwithstanding , and ignited the vats of Messrs . J . and J . Kent , and of Bowring , Brothers . In the vats of the latter gentlemen , we understand that the fat of no fewer than 25 , 000 seals had been put , and very litle oil drained off . In consequence of this the whole of that block of substantial stores and dwellings , terminating with the extensive premises of Mr , M'Bride and Kerr , was almost instantaneously converted into ono mass offlame , which kindled the other side of the street . The fire-break here was as rapidly passed as the one before , and the flames Jsoon reached the substantial premises of Messrs . Baine , Johnston , and Co .,
consuming at the same time the large stone buildings opposite , occupied by Dr . Carson , Mr . Grace , the bookstore of . Mr . M'Murde , the Apotbocaries ' -hall , and the other buildings te the eastward . The premises of Messrs . E . Smith and Wilson and Co . soon followed , and also Mr . Cliffs wharf , on which a large quantity of boards was piled . The break here was of no obstruction to the names and the houses on both sides of the _Areet , down to Messrs . W . and H . Thomas and Co . ' s , extensive premises , were rapidly consumed ; these , and those of Messrs . Barnes and Job , Brothers , and Co . ' s , were soon blazing , whence the fire crossed the next break , and the substantial stone premises of Messrs . Hunter and Co . were caught ; the Batik of British North America , above which was the residence of Mr . Milroy , the manager , was immediately on fire , and the premises of Messrs . J . Tobin and Co . followed , whence the fire rushed down the street , consuming , with the intermediate buildings , the premises of Messrs . L . O'Brien and Co ., and James Douglas and Co . Her Majesty ' s Custom-house was
immediately afterwards on fire , whence the names extended downwards , destroying everything before them , including the premises of Messrs , Gill , Dunscombe , and Harvey , and Robinson , Brooking , and Co ., and proceeded along the beach to the premises of Messrs . Parker and Glecson , at Magogoty Cove , which were destroyed , and where at last the fire stopped because it had little more to consume . The flaming embers were wafted by the wind , and set the fish-flukes skirting the base ofthe hill on fire ; a house was also consumed some distance up the hill , the residence of Mr . Stickley _, of the Commissariat , not far from the Hon . Mr . Crowdy ' s house , and even the scanty growth of shrubs round thc summit of Signal-Hill , about half a mile from the town , and elevated -100 or 500 feet above the burning buildings , took fire . The fire was also blown to South-side-hill , and even over it ; aud not only wero the shrubs on this side on fire on both Tuesday evening and all Wednesday , but we observed dense clouds of smoke descending from Freshwater Bay , on the farther side ofthe hill .
While the fire was raging in Water . street , and on tho wharfs , it proceeded up Queen-street to Duckworth-street with equal rapidity , and ran along this street , which is on the same parallel , proceeding upwards to the line of Messrs . Newmau and Co . ' s premises , where it stopped at the lane leading from Water-street , to _Appletrec-well . The fire swept everything before it downwards on both sides of Duckworth-street , consuming the theatre at the junction of Gower-strect , out it did not extend up that street , The Catholic church and thc episcopal residence in the rear of Duckworth-street were saved with great difficulty . St . John ' s Church , hitherto used as the cathedral ofthe Church of England , was consumed , whenco tho fire reached the Court-house and gaol , where , from the extent ofthe buildings , and the large _quantityof timber employed in constructing them , the lire raged with great fury ; one unfortunate fellow lost his life hero . From the Court-house it communicated with the range of three story brick buildings on the south-side of _Duckworth-street _, _containini ; thc Comraerciabroom , Marine
_iHsuranca-office , Agricultural Society ' s Musuem , & c , and burning at thc same time the substantial stone house ol Mr . Prowse , the finest private edifice in the town , and the residences of the lion , Bryan Robinson nnd ofthe Hon . "W . B . Row , also the residences and offices of several other legal gentlemen . The Congregational Chapel , in the rear of the Hon . B . _Jltobinson ' s house , was saved by great exertion . The fire proceeded rapidly as far as the Ordnance Store , wliich was burnt ; the remainder of the Ordnance buildings escaped ; on tlie lower side of Duckworth-street the houses were burnt as far as the house of Mr . Reid , storekeeper to Messrs . Dunscombe and Harvey . From "Duckworth . street the fire proceeded northward or the King ' s-road to Gower-sireet , destroying every house on both sides , and about 2 d houses beyond the intersection ofGower-street . Along from the theatre to the King ' s road , between Duckworth-street and Gower street , a considerable number of building , fronting on the various lanes and streets , crossing from the one to the other , wero consumed .
About seven o ' clock in the eveniug the work of destruction may be said to have been completed ; so that in ten hours and a half our town was almost entirel y destroyed , and the moon rose in cloudless splendour , throwing her mild lig ht on a homeless population , who stood viewing with intense anguish the smoking ruins of their habitations . Besides the two men who were killed we have heard of another aged man , who had contrived to save his bed and soma valuables , and while struggling along to a place of safety with a load too heavy for his strength , fell down and expired . And doubtless accidents have occurred of which we have not yet heard . We believe the people in charge of the engineB _, assisted by
the townspeople generally , exerted themselves to the utmost , retreatiug only when the intense heat compelled them ; and in one case an engine had to be abandoned . The want of water , in situations easily accessible , was much felt , and wa lire convinced ' that had # 50 , 000 been expended in bringing water into the town and distributing it , so tbat every street and lane should have fire plugs sufficiently contiguous , the present calamity might have beenjprevented , which hasdestroyed 20 times that amount , and the town has still to be supplied with water . It is but justice to his Excellency the Governor to state that he remained in the vicinity of the Are till a late hour . We » Uo observed . Lieutenant Colonel Law , Haior Robe ,
Destruction Of St. John's , Newfoundland...
and all the other officers of tbe garrison , actively engaged during the whole day ; the troops were turned out for the protection of property , on the first alarm , and guards were posted for the nig ht wherever it was thought necessary . Much furniture and valuable merchandise were burnt that might have been saved , had it been thought that the firo would have proceeded so far . Several articles were removed two or three times during the dny , and deposited at last in places where they were soon after consumed . Many were engaged in the upper part of the harbour , in aiding their friends , and when they began to think of their own properties situated farther east , they found that such was the rapidity with which the flames advanced , that tliey were too late to save much . The Nunnery School-house toDk fire , it is supposed , from some articles in a state of i gnition having been carried
into it . It soon burnt to the ground , and communicated thc fire to the Nunnery , which was Bpecdil y reduced to ashes . At Messrs . Bowring , Brothers , tbey put a great part of their goods on board a vessel atthoir wharf , which caught fire before she could be hauled out , and all was consumed . Their loss is very heavy ; £ 4 , 000 insured . A cold night succeeded a day eventful to the inhabitants of St . John ' s , and far tlie greater portion of them spent it under the canopy of heaven , the open ground in front of Government House down towards Gower Street was occupied by numerous family groups sitting beside the portions of their furniture saved from the flames . It was a sad sight to see shivering mothers endeavouring tosheltcr their little babes and to hush them to sleep ! while the cries ofthe older ones for food had , in many cases , to be answered by "Wait till daylight , and we shall try to get some for you . "
Our brethren ofthe press have suffered heavily ; every printing ofiice in the town was burnt . At the Royal Ga zelte office part of the type was saved , but everything else , including the press was destroyed . Our able contemporary , the Ledger , lost the greater part of a very extensive establishment . We understand Mr . "Winton is using every exertion to put the wreck in working order , and we hope to be ablo to announce in our next that he will shortly resume . The limes saved the press and almost all the materials of their office , and will resume immediately . The Newfoundlander press was destroyed , most of the materials saved . The Morning Post press and part of the materials were destroyed , but the greater part saved . The Patriot office lost press and materials . The Star office press and materials mostly saved ; wc understand that Messrs , Ryans and "Withers , Queen ' s printers , will have the use of this press for the present . At our office we saved our press and almost the whole of our materials . :
We never saw a fire spread with such awful rapidity tha flatties seemed lo leap from roof to roof , and the noise ofthe burning mass could be compared to nothing we ever heard except the roaring ofthe cataract of Niagara . The crash of falling materials was heard above the deep sound of the advancing flames , as roof after roof fell in at short intervals . "We regret to have it to state that much pilfering was carried on , especially towards evening , and that provisions ] were taken away in boat fulls from some of the piemisas at the lower end of the _harbour The following is a detailed account of the property destroyed : —
STBEETS BOKNED DOWN . All east of Newman aud Co . ' s , on both sides Outer street , to Wm . Roslin ' s , Maggoty Cove . All east of of _Hutching ' s new houses and Brazils houses on both sides of Duckworth-street , to the Ordnanceyard , On the town side of _Gower-street _, and cast from Calerystreet to Cochrane-street , and above Gower-stroct up the King ' s Road , halfway to the Military Road . All the fishing rooms from Magotty Cove to Crow ' s Nest , three rooms only left to Chain-lock , Warden-roof near the Brick Archwork of the Powder Magazine . All the fishing rooms to Crow ' s Nest ( Harvey Wilking ' s Room ) .
CASUALTIES . 1 man burned , I artillery-man killed , and another wounded in the act of blowing up Messrs . O . and N . Stabbs' premises . FUBMC BOILOINQS DESTROIED . Old episcopal church , court house , gaol , sheriffs house , British North American Bank , Colonial Treasury and Savings' Bank offices , Custom House , Ordnance store and wharf , _Exchange-buildlngs , Post Office , Office of Road Commissioners and Board of Control , Office of Lighthouse Commissioners , all the printing offices , nunnery , convent school house , Marine Insurance Company , theatre , roof of powder magazine . PRINCIPAL MERCANTILE HOUSES DESTROYED .
Hounsell , Schink , and Co ., Stabb , Rinn , and Co ., Wm . Grieve and Co ., Wilson and Macneill , Robert Alsop and Co ., Rennie , Stuart , and Co ., William Warrens , jun ,, Boyed and M'Dougall , Peter Rogerson and Co ., James William Stewart , C , F . Bennett and Co ., J . H . Warren , Langley and Tissier , P . and W . Carter , W _. E . Taylor , Shea and Murphy , Thomas Glen , John _M'William _, E . and N . Stabb , Pierce Grace , John and James Kent , R . O'Dwyer and Co ., Neill M'Dougall , Begg , Kerr and Co ., Bowring Brothers , R . and J . S Rutherford , Mat-hew Stewart and Co ,. M'Bride and Kerr , Richard Howley ,
Samuel Mudge , Warren Brothers , Baine , Johnston , and Co ., Wilson and Co ., James Cliff . S . G . Archibald , R . F . Trimingham and Co ., John Fox and Co ., Robert Prowse W . and H . Thomas and Co ., J , M , _Retidell and Co ., Gilbert Clapp , J . B . Baines and Co ., Job Brothers and Co ,, Hunter and Co ,, Tobin and Co ., John O'Donnell , John Omara , Laurence O'Brien and Co ., James Douglas and Co ., Michael Foley , Parker and Gleison , James Morris , Nicholas Gill , G . F . Bonn , John _Cussack and Sons , Walter Dillon , Dunscomb and Harvey , Robinson , Brooking and Co ,, Joon Brocklebank , William Boden , Michael Nowlan .
Tiie Popes.—Pius Ix. Is The Third Bishop...
Tiie Popes . —Pius IX . is the third Bishop of the see of Imola raised to the Popedom . The two first wero Alexander VII ., of the family of the Princes of Chigi , who reigned 12 years , and died in 1667 : and Pius VII ., whose death took p lace in 1 S 23 . There ia found in the history of the Popes who bore the name of Pius—1 st , the longest pontificate , viz ., that ot -Pius VI ., who reigned 24 years , and the short one of Pius III ., which lasted only for 21 days ; 2 dly , two saints , St . Pius I ., a martyr of the second century , and St . Pius V ., at the _beginning of the sixteenth century , in whose reign occurred one of the most celebrated naval combats of modern times , the battle of Lepanto , gained over the Turks by Don Juan of Austria , Sdly , tlie most erudite and indefatigable
writer of the middle ages , Pius II ., ( Eneas Sylvius ); ithly , the second instance ofa Pope dying prisoner , in the person of Pius VI . ; othly , the most extraordinary and unprecedented act of power , in the annals of the church , on the part of the pontifical authority , the concordat of 1801 , concluded between Pius VII . and Napoleon , which abolished the episcopal sees of the church of Franco , notwithstanding the opposition ofthe tributary bishops . From St . Peter down to Pius IX ., are counted among the Popes , 6 Syrians , 14 Greeks , 2 Dalmatians , 2 Africans , 2 Sardinians , 5 Sicilians , 1 Portuguese , 2 Spaniards , 1 Dutchman , 1 Englishman , 7 Germans , 13 Frenchmen , 88 Romans , and 01 Italians . Among thc French Popes is found , in the thirteenth century , the son ofa poor cobbler of Troyes in Champagne , Jacques Pantaleon ,
who took the name of Urban IV ., and instituted tlie fete of the Holy Sacrament , * and in the 14 th century the son of a baker , ofthe county of Foix , ( now department of the Ariege ) , Jacques Fourinier , known by the name of Benedict XII . The Popes who reigned more than 20 years are to the number of seven ; St . Sylvester , in whose reign was held the first council of Nyceus , in the forth century ; St . Loo tho Great in the fifth age , who had the glory of arresting the progress of Attila , * Adrian I ., in thc eighth century , who introduced in France the Gregorian chant ; Alexander III ., who laid the first stone of Notre Dame of Paris , in the 12 th century ; Alexander VI ., Pius VI ., who died a captive at Valence , in France , and Pius VII ., author ofthe Concordats concluded with the different states of Europe and America . —La _Pressed
Italy . — -Roman States . — -A letter from Bologna of the 20 th inst . states . *— "An extraordinary courier arrived here this morning from Rome with despatches for Mr . Savelli , pro-legate of the four legations . The pro-legate , vice-legates , and other authorities , are to continue in their respective functions . The nomination of Cardinal Grizzi as Secretary of State had not yet taken place . The new Pope wished to wait a few days before nominating his ministers . It is said that an evil influence is endeavouring to thwart the views of Pius IX .
Portugal . —The following is an extract from a letter received on Saturday by an eminent mercantile house in this town , under date Oporto , 20 th June , 18-16 : — "From the voluntary dispersion ofthe Guerilla force from around this city , there is every likelihood of things being amicably settled throughout tlio country . Indeed , within these fewdayspast , a much greater degree of confidence has been shown : and if the government only act with energy and good faith , we shall , no doubt , have a much more cheering prospect ere long before us than we have had for some time past . ' '—Liverpool Albion , Monday .
Russia . —Tim Modifications in the Tariff . —The latest accounts received lrom St . Petersburg , dated the 19 th of this month , state that on that day the modifications in the tariff , whieh have been for some time announced from different quarters , were published and immediately carried into effect . Is is to be hoped that this branch in the prohibitive system willsoon be followed by further-steps in the cause of commercial reform , and that "Russia too will by degrees relieve itself from restrictions on commerce and industry , wliich render any solid _improyement of the national welfare _impossibly _.
Blockade of the _Mexican Ports . —It will be well for merchants to know the terms ofthe blockade ofthe Mexican ports declared by the commander of the American squadron . First , no neutral vessel is to bo captured or detained on its way to a blockaded port without previous notice from on American vessel of war { to be entered on her log-book , of thc existence of blockade . _Secondly , neutral vessels in port before the blockade , were to be at liberty to depart within fifteen days , with cargo or without , ' after the blockade should be established . Thirdly , Vera _Cruzand _lampioo a _^ e to be free for the entrance and departure of _neutral non-commercial mail-packets .
Buf . nos Aires . — -Tho following post scriptum is ; contained in many of the commercial letters ofthe i 8 Uv of May , brought by the Coriolan _v-i" Two Sar-
Tiie Popes.—Pius Ix. Is The Third Bishop...
dinian andan _Ens-Hah brig succeeded in forcing at mglittlw blockade ofthe combined squadron before Buenos Ayrcs , and gained the lesser roadsteads . The _™ _!™! , i ii' 1 1 _* ren _<* h commanders immediately _S _, " _* ' the _> r boats , and soon came up with the _do-ImqueiH vessels ; the tivo Sardinian vessels were s _. fc fhn vl 7 . _"d the English brig placed at the disposal of 2 ? . w , 8 _kC 0 , nm » n « ter . An English officer sent to _ffittfiRS ' Ayres ' becn put t 0 *"* " _* Poland . — Tub Nr . w Government op Cracow — Cracow , June 17 . —It appears that the late ofthe republic is decided . The new government is to consist of three directors , of whom eaeh of the three pro . tecting powers appoints one . We are to have on the part of Austria , as we hear . Mr John _Sclinidlcr , formerly president : from Russia , Mr . J . Mierdszeroski , formerly director of tho police ; from Prussia , the Senator Victor Konff .
Tue Cape Of Goou Hope. Battles Between T...
TUE CAPE OF _GOOu HOPE . BATTLES BETWEEN THE KAFFIRS AND THE BRITISH TROOPS . ( From thc South African Commercial Advertiser . ) CAPE TOWN , April 29 , _181 G . —Last post from the frontier brought intelligence of the commencement of hostilities in Kaffirland , and of thefirst collision ivith the enemy . It appears that n division ofthe troops , under Lieuten . ant-Colonel Somerset and Lieutenant-Colonel Richardson , marched from the Deba river , on the _morning of the loth instant towards Rurn ' _s-hill , where they were joined by thc Kat River Burghers under _Captnin Sutton . Burn ' s-hill is a missionary station or village , _situated in front of the gorges of the Amatola mountains , into the ravines and wooded parts af which Colonel Somerset was informed thil thu Kaffirs had withdrawn oil or the greater _nuwber of their forces . Here the troops encamped for the night . ' . ¦ ¦
On the morning of the lGth , leaving a largo amount oi baggage and ammunition under charge of Major Gibson , ofthe 7 th Dragoon Guards , the combined force outered the gorges ofthe mountains , and moved upon the enemy ' s position at all points . A series of desultory actions ensued , in one oi which the Kaffirs are said to have shown a force of 2 , 000 men , all armed with muskets . The . enemy seemed to have been checked or repulsed wherever the troops could reach them , or when the guns could be brought to bear upon them . Having captured a herd of cattle , 1 , 800 in number , Colonel Somerset retired down Ihe hill about sunset , and formed a camp ou the fiat under the Amatola .
On the afternoon and evening of the same day considerable bodies of Kaffirs attached the encampment left at Burn's-hill , under charge ol Major Gibson ; and during the night his position was surrounded on all sides , probably by the forces that hod been engaged wilh the troops on the preceding day among the mountains . He sent to Colonel Somerset requesting him to join him there , or to send a strong reinforcement , stating at the same time that it would be very dangerous for him to move with so large a quantity of ammunition and baggage . Upon the receipt of this report from Major Gibson , Colonel Somerset immediately proceeded with 200 _infantry uudir Major Campbell , the Cape mounted Rifle ? , under . Major Armstrong ; and one gun , under Lieutenant Hill , to Major Gibson ' s support .
Thd encampment at Burn ' s-hill , was on the left bank ofthe Keiskama River . Early in the forenoon , Major Gibson , without having received any reinforcement , moved upon a drift ofthe river , being only able to farm an advance and rear guard , leaving the whole line of wag . gons between unprotected . In this situation they were immediately _discovered and attacked b y the enemy , who easily cut the line in too , taking out the oxen from one bf the waggons and drawing it across the road , thus checking the movement of all behind it . Major Gibson now found himself with the rear guard attacked on all sides hy great raassfiB of Kaffirs , and was compelled to retreat to Burn ' s-hill , and again put his men in position .
The advanee guard , with the first division of the wag . gons , after some hesitation , proceeded to cross tho drift of the river , and Rt this moment Colonel Somerset arrived with reinforcements , which enablad Major Gibson to secure and bring off his ammunition waggons ; the enemy had ca < ried off the oxen belonging to the baggage waggons , which were consequently abandoned , The whole force being again united on the right bank of the Keiskama , Colonel Somerset moved towards the Chumie , still followed and harassed by the enemy . Here , en the left bank of the Chumie , he encamped for the night of the 17 th .
On the morning of theisth he _decided on retiring to Block Drift , lower down , and on the rig ht bank of the river . The enemy , to the number , he soys , of 3 , 000 men followed him from the time he left the ground , and made dispositions to attack him , which they soon did , in the rear and on both flanks at the same time . Under these trying circumstances they crossed the river , bringing safely to the right bank 1 _. S 00 head of cattle , with tlieir baggage and ammunition waggons , on which the Kafirs presse *! eagerly , as on the preceding day at Burn ' s-hill . The easualities of this day , during these very difficult
and hazardous operations , afforded a measure of the Kafir ' s power as an enemy in battle . They amount to one officer wounded , two men killed , and three wounded . On the 17 th also , when Major Gibson was attacked by so great a body of the enemy , and compelled to fall back on Burn ' s-hill , abandoning the waggons , one man hud his arm broken , and a man was killed . And during the repeated conflicts with the whole of Sadhilla ' s forces among the ravines and woods of the Amatola , on the whole of the ICth , three men were killed and sis wounded . In the night attack on Major Gibson ' s camp , four men were killed and four wounded .
The loss of the baggage-waggons , under Major Gibsons escort , on the 17 th , arose from the movement taking place about an hour and a half too early , in compliance with Col . Somerset ' s instructions . We have information from Block Drift up to yesterday , the 20 th instant . His Excellency had arrired there in safety from Port Victoria , which is about tobe abandoned . The troops , it is _expected , will remain at this place for some time . Martial law had been proclaimed there , and tho whole of thc forces , military and burgher , will be moved to the front . The folloiving is an accurate list of tho killed , wounded , and missing , during the engagements of the 10 th , 17 th and 18 th instant : — » Total killed , wounded , and missing . —2 captains , 1 subaltern , 19 rank and file , 11 chargers , 1 bat horse , 25 troop horses .
( From Graham ' s Tm _& n Journal . ) On the morning of the 19 th instant ( Sunday ) , eight span of oxen having been carried off from Port Victoria , where the governor , Sir Peregrine Maitland , then was , his Excellency ordered a party of the dragoons , under the command of Captain Napier and Lieutenant Hogg to pursue the enemy , directing r . detachment of the 91 st _regiment to move to their support . It appears that at a short distance the pursuing party came up with a body of Kaffirs , estimated at 1 , 500 , and who were immediately engaged , the enemy returning shot for shot , with great
courage , but fortunately with no other casualty , save the loss of Serjeant _MeWwi , whose \ cg was ftaeUwed by a ball , nd who , though a strenuous effort was made to place him upon horseback , was obliged to be left upon the field , the Kaffirs pouring down in 6 uch strong force , aud who barbarously dispatched him with their keeries . The Governor finding the enemy so numerous , ordered the troops to fall back upou the post , and which they did , loading and firing upon the enemy with the same precision and regularity as though on parade with blank cartridges . Many Kaffirs were slain in this affair .
LATEST INTELLIGENCE . Saturday Morning , Ten o ' clock . —An express just come from l _' ort l _' eddie , brings us the following important intelligence : — " AU is here excitement' Kaffirs in large bodies around the _T'Slambie tribes , For the last few nights wc have been under arms , while the women and children hare been placed for security in the barracks . Yesterday the Fingoes and the Newton Dale settlement had sharp fighting with Pato ' s Kaffirs , and which continued the . whole day . Towards the afternoon firing was heard i ' rom Fort Peddie , and soon the war-cry was heard in all directions . Capt . M'Lenn ( resident agent ) immediately sent Mr . Shepstone ( Kaffir interpreter ) forward to ascertain
the true state of affairs . He was accompanied by Mr . Tainton and Mr . S . Lucas . By the time they had reached the scene of conflict the Kaffirs had gained the day , and were hurrying off the Fingoe catttle . Mr . Shepstone and his two or three gallant associates , instantly rallied the Fingoes , and then made a dash on thc _Knfiirs to retake the cattle . At this crisis Mr . Shepstone nnd his companions displayed equal decision and bravery , for making a dash to the rear of the Kaffirs , he threw them into confusion , and after firing a few thots he _succeeded in recapturing the whole of the cattle , and in seeing them again in the possession of the Fingoes . At this time a detachment of the 7 th Dragoons came up , and tha artillery , hut too Into to take a part iu the affair . Fani ,
a Kaffir of Pato ' s tribe ( very strongly suspected of being thc murderer of the Rev . E . Scuoltz ) , came to Captain M'Lean , and asked for protection on the Fingoe settlement , Captain M'Lean remarked , "I look on all Kiffirs with suspicion at this moment—prove the sincerity of your intentions , " To this Fani made no reply , except that he wished to belong to the settlement . Captain M'Lean rejoined , "Go and toll Pato that I must see him beforo noon to-morrow as a friend , and that if he does not come I will consider him an enemy ; I want to inform him of his daring attack on the settlement this day ; and , moreover , I wish him to be informed that I have ordered all spies to be at once shot . " Two large bodies of Kaffirs were within two miles of Fort Peddie la 3 t
night , Satoiidai , Noon . —A report just brought in that a body of about 200 Kaffirs had made their appearance at the foot of the hills below Mr . Fuller ' s , about three miles south of town . A party of mounted burghers liurneaiy collecting to move upon that point . Reported that the country f the reiga and Kowie Rivers was houses fired by the ruthless Half-past .. Twelve o'C the troops in front have this by a large party of mounted Rifles . We are happy to met with no reverse-not _tneinj » mce the 18 th uut , tne
Along The Whole O Kerlit Up Last Mght By...
along the whole o Kerlit up last mght by farm _, enemy . ( , yp _^ _f _^ lock , r . _^ _sp _^ es _^ ofa _- niomep _^^^ o _^ h mefan _^ t n- _^ _Jhe _^ ; _^ _annoute _^ ahhetroops _^ ve _^ _terto _f _^ _jm _^^ Jte All _^ _BOrtetl . _toJe _^ _ret-10 _::, along the whole or _xv _= rlit up last night by farm . nemy , . _c'j _*> ' , i _^< _t ck , r . aJ _^ _lsp _^ _Bes-frofa _- _* _momep- ' _-OOine . in _^ _Vouihfc mci _^ at ( s ( !' t '! n- ; Of , ' ttje _^ Mv ; '* : nou _^ e _^ aJ _^ th ' _emop _^ _jtBvo'' _; vini _^ _eenfragagedwHh _^ _aiy ( _UlBM _^ _tiJi ' _tfi be _ajiftm ' " : _/ \ _^ j _^ _aMsAISA _^ _"' _* _- ' * "'
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), July 4, 1846, page 7, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse2.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns3_04071846/page/7/
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