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"ThaWghwa monkey climbs . The more he shows his —— '"
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TO ALBANY FONBLANQUE, Placeman —and Brot...
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'pon my soul, if you were my cbild—which...
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hB*iiy$ k!witkiha.tea} of. the .whole .a...
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/"^ n^^ i AND NATIONAL TSADES' JOURNAL. ...
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Rational Eantr gfompanjn
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TO F. O'CONKOR, BEQ , M P. Honoured Sir,...
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Fincbiiry Locality,—Tbe oaurcil an 1 cla...
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&tilmu'al an& jToretort
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THE FRENCH REPUBLIC. THE lAVf ON THE PBB...
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i >
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rate which is hardly ereoanfidently asje...
Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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Transcript
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
Additionally, when viewing full transcripts, extracted text may not be in the same order as the original document.
"Thawghwa Monkey Climbs . The More He Shows His —— '"
_"ThaWghwa monkey climbs _. The more he shows his —— ' "
To Albany Fonblanque, Placeman —And Brot...
TO ALBANY FONBLANQUE , Placeman —and Brother to a Bankrupt Commissioner .
'Pon My Soul, If You Were My Cbild—Which...
'pon my soul , if you were my cbild—which , thank * be to God 5 you are not—and if you h ad learned multiplication , addition , and division , or any one of them , I would have your bottom whipped with nettles , and put you into a bed of pismires , for writing the catalogue of rubbish that I am just going to reprint _. Why , you incorrigible noodle , did you suppose that any attack upon me was so valuable to the profligates you represent , that your readers would overlook the insult you offered to their common understanding-, by exhibiting them , as you have in your article of last week , as fools who could neither think nor reason ? i
Now , Fonblanque , you are perrectly con . scious that you are one [ of the most reckless and desperate Whig tools that ever that reckless and desperate faction used—but , although _figures form no part of your calculation , you shall not say that hard words constitute my stock of argument . Here is your whole article , beginning , as the Irish spies say , with the words' - ' the whole of the evidence , " and ending with " so thriving a trade / ' Now , here is the whole indictment , charging you with dishonest ? , profligacy , falsehood , and
ignorance : — THE O'CONNOR LAHD SCHEMS . The whole of the evidence taken by the Committee on the National Land Company being now published , we are in 3 condition to state the remits of its operations as exactly as its strangely kept accounts permit . _KuJeteen thousand _sabscribsrs have paid their shares in lull , and are entitled to stand the battel far the purpose of bein _^ located . Fifty thousand six hundred and _iixtT . nine have paid in part ( the average of their pay . metlts is 2 s 2 d eact indiTi & _aaLX Two hundred and thirty have been _located . On the land already acquired , five hundred and torty six , or one thirty-fifth ofthentmber entitled to stand the ballot , may or can bs ntitled . On She most favourable calculation , the whole of the subscriber ! to the scheme canrot possibly be located in less time than a . period intermediate between one hundred and fiftv and t _* o hundred and twenty-five years .
Evea this remit caaenly be anticipated on the assumption that every person placed upon the laud succeeds in ontiiniiie for it the very high returns of produce held cut by Mr O'Connor , and that the Land Scheme and the _BankiDg Scheme are in fuU operation . The estimated produce appears , from the evidence of a practical _agriculturist , to be in _exceis ef what can possibly be obtained by at least one-half . A vast majority of the subscribers have to begin their apprenticeship to the trade of agriculture . In order to enable the Bank to _playits part effectively , a capital of . £ 1 , 638 , 342 would lis absolutely necessary . But the Bank has only £ 16 , 000 in deposit , and its only apparent capital is the property of the Land Company . This is a _fairand telerably exact statement" of what bas been gained oy the subscribers , and of what prospects tecy hare for farther gain , _tet as now see what they have actually paid , and whatliabilitiesthey have incurred as the price of these advantages .
Mr O'Connor , who is sole agent of the Company , and sole manager of the Bank , has received in _aU £ 103 , 015 Is li Of this sum £ 358 accrued from the profit on the resale of _^ a purchased farm , an irregular and accidental gain , a windfaU ; £ 546 9 s 3 d from the sale of the Sales ot the _Sccaety ; £ i , _2 S 3 7 s 24 from a tax imposed upon the subscrioen to defraythe expense of _management ; andj _# 6 , 391 Cs 2 d as a loan from the Land Bank ( i . e . from the Company to the Company ont of the monies of its depositors ) In short , the apparent funds of tbe Company hare been irregularly swelled by a sum of £ ll , § PPlt 5 s "d , to mend appearances . The actual receipts of a fair business character are : _Subscri ptiens , £ 90 , 7 U ISs Id ; from the operations of the Lands' Purchase department , £ 1 , 148 10 s ; sales of farm produce , £ 2 , S _45 lis Id ; interest and profits on _Excheqnerbills , £ l , i 7 l " s _; _ktereston Bank balances £ 324 18 s 4 d . _Bsit for windfalls and extra _contributions , the money available for the Company ' s purpose would only have , been _tS _9 S , l 0 tUsld .
The expenditure of the Land Company , when Hr CConnorhas been paid £ 3 , 593 5 s 3 d of his _cwn money _expended in its name , and when the Land Bank has been repaid its loan with interest , will leave on hand only £ 212 Is lid . AU the rest of its money has been spent . We shall now recount the assets ofwbichithas come into possession in return for this outlay . In the first place , 1618 acres ot land for which £ 56 , 672 of purchase-KOHey has been paid , and in bringing which into condition , in stocking , and in setting the occupants at work upon them , _^ _9 » , 33 l 16 s 5 d have been expended . The land and its stock haTe cost the Company this sum ; but they cannot _cifect to sell it for nearly so much . The land is sot worth to them the money it has cost In tie second place , of _^ 6 , 175 held by Mr O'Connor in Exchequer bills , £ 2 , 876 14 s 9 d appears to be the property of the Company . The Company has further about £ 560
in small remittances ; . £ 055 _zfism hand at the Gloucester Bank ; and £ 18 18 s 2 d at the London Joint Stock Bank . Now-the Company ' s land and stock , at a large valuation , wonld not at this moment bring £ _? 0 , _60 o in tbe market ; the _ntmostvalue ofits assets , therefore , is £ a < . 3 SI Ss lid . Upon this sum there are the following _SaviUines . Sum required to complete the _purchaseinonev of 503 acres , £ i 3 _, 5 < 5 ; mortgage on 287 acres , £ _\ Cw 0 _; mortgage on 26 § acres , £ 5 , 8 _t 0 ; two life annuities on l ' : 3 acres , £ 40 Q ; cost of completing purchase cf tbe SCO acres , _# 35 ? . The liabilities of tbe land are _£ * 2 S , c ? 5 , andbysomuch theTalue of the assets to the partners must be reduced . The Company has in point of
fact only _a £ o _9 , 266 6 s lid » rortH of property . Out of this it owes , in principal and interest , £ 5 , 853 10 s 2 d to the Land Bank ; and the whole assets of the Company are liable for the payment of the £ 16 , 000 of deposits in the Bank . De facto , the Company _possesses property worth , to it , £ 32 , 412 l £ s 9 d , and this property is liable for any _thort-eomings oi the Bank in the repayment of £ 16 , 0 _su " . This is all that the subscribers have got to show in return for £ 90 , 714 ISs Id of subscriptions , and £ 4 , 222 7 s 2 d of extra contributions towards expenses of management ! And the property is so invested , that had Mr O'Connor died suddenly any ihne within the last year _pr two , his personal creditors might have seixed the whole of it !
Assuming that Mr O Connor deceived himself at tbe outset by bis own estimates and calculations , this is not _suScient to exonerate him from a large amount of culpability _fc-r _leading so _maay poor men into such a wretchedlv bad bargain . Common honesty required that before commencing operations he should have taken the opinions of experienced practical agriculturists and skilful actuaries on the feasibility of his scheme ; and had he done so , they would have told him that nothing could come of it but what has come of it . He has shown culpable rashness , to say the least _, in vesting the money of the poor upon a de « perate hazard—in icducing men with families , by flatteringpromUes , to quittheiremployments on a desperate chance of bettering their condition . Mr by the he
O ' Connor , moreover , has _^ proikted game has been _plavinsr . He holds ixeheqaer Bills for the money he usaid to hare paid out en account of the Company over and above what he received . His printing _establishment has had jobs to tbe value ef upwards of £ 1 , 000 _fro-n the Company . The sale of his newspaper and its profits h _= _re been increased by being made the channel of communicatioi . to the subscribers . He is in every way benefitted bv the management of a concern which he established and _puffsd in the mo 3 t reckless manner , and wh : ch turns out to be a gross delusion . He is in the exact position of the empiric who makes money by puffing and vending a medicine , of which he cannot even say with _confidence that " if it does no good , it can do no harm . ' *
It is _impastible to read the part which Mr O'Connor took in the _proceedings of the Committee of Inquiry , alternately as witness and examiner , without suspecting that he was fully aware of the natur « and prospects of the scheme whea he mored for the Committee . He brings forward his own creatures to bear witness that he is the best and most benevolent of men and the most punctual of paymasters . He cross-examines accountants and actuaries , whenever their evidence bears hard on him and his scheme , after the approved fashion of an Old Bailey Counsel . He seeks less t 9 throw light on the nature and tendency of the scheme , than to keep its defects in vagueness and obscurity . He directs attention from the main _queston to irrelevant considerations . In short , his whole conduct looks like that ef a man who labours to make the Cemtiittee instrumental to his own whitewash
ing—having , in th _» first instance , obtained it as a means of enabling him to rid himself of the affair with as little loss of reputation as possible . And , to the shame of the Committee be it said , its Report looks at if it had lent itself to this Eame . The project is softly let down with the brief and lenient statements that the Friendly Societies ' Acts " will not include the . National Land Company ; " that it is " not consistent with thegentral prin eip _les upon nhich tbe Friendly Societies are founded ? that it is , " as at present constituted , an _illegal scheme , and will not fulfil the expectations held out by the directors to the shareholders f and that the parties _shsald be allowed to wind up the concern , and relieve themselves from penalties . To these resolutions is added a special pleading one , as losg as all the rest put together , in * _xculn _ition or laudation of Mr Feareus O'Connor .
Mr O'Connor's land project reminds us of nothing so much as that project of Mr O'Connor ' s for obtaining Universal _Saffrage , wl _. ich ended i » the burning of the bull-ring at Birmingham . In both cases the operations were so conducted that all the henour and glory , and _waat _« . er advantage accrued , _;>!( to the share of Mr O'Connor . Ard in both cases Mr O'Connor took _espet-ial care , as soon as it became apparent that _t _:-e bubble was about to barf t , to back ont of the concern with the le ; iot possible amoun t of _suffering to Limself . and as little loss of reputation that might _interfere with his setting up in business again , that was _jracaeible in the circumstances .
It is app-irent , from the accounts of the _Ivoethers Stas _, and from the advances made out of the funds " f the L _^ nd Company to defray tbe expenses of members to the Cbarf . _st Convention , tbacthe _Xesspaptr , _tue Land Cumpany _, the Bank , and the Chartist _organisation , are all oituem parts of Mr O'Connor ' s stock-in trade . ' ¦ _Tfgetlier _, tl : < -y constitute the business by which he ha _* fur 5-jme years maintained himself . He makes the or . e p ' av into the other . That by this means h ? has made his newspaper pay him £ 4 _, Q 0 J to £ 5 , 01 * per annum , is admitted ; bat wbat any other parties ( _except his immediate agents ) have gained , is not _fo obvious . We are cur ous to kijow how lung the gullibility of Mr O'Connor ' s fol . uwers _iiud _belieTtrs will enable him to carrj- oil so ti . r . ving a tra . e . _^ t _« r , _rmiblanque , I charge you upon fifteen counts in this indictment , drawn bv yourself , of wilful rind corrupt perjury , and you shall have them seriatim .
- o . 1—Jv . u L _^ iiJredand thirty have Leea located . Now , F ( , nl )! anque . you knew that was a lie ; ( cause , if you had read the evidence , you would ha-. ' . * fuiind that _t-. vo hundred an- ! fifty ' _•¦ : _;^ _es—iiii- _' iu _' . iin _^ school-houses—had been "n-cted , and that the carpenters' work afid the ' ouitis' ' . _uik f ( .. r six others was completed
'Pon My Soul, If You Were My Cbild—Which...
the timber paid for , the slates paid for , the ironmongery paid for , and all materials paid for . No . 2—On the most favourable calculation the whole of the subscribers cannot possibly b « located in less time than a period intermediate between 150 and 225 years . Why , Fonblauque , you heat both Grey and Finlayson in the ma _^ ic art of dissolving : in the least favourable view—that is , if those who expect benefit had paid up their shares in full —I would , without any additienal contributions _, or without the Bank , locate them all in ten years . No . 3—The estimated produce appears from the evidence of a practical agriculturist to be in excase of what can possibly be obtained by at least one-half .
Why , you funny fellow , would you know a cucumber from a _hand-gaw ? And what do vou call a practical agriculturist ? A Poor Law Commissioner , that starved 103 of his sheep , and all his cattle to death ; reduced his horses to such a state that they could not work ; fed his pigs upon sawdust till they died ; allowed his land to be covered with couch knee hi » b . j said that the most industrious labourer in England could not live upon the best three acres of land in England , without paying rent , _tates , or taxes j that the best
acre of land in England would not produce more than six tons of potatoes , or three quarters of wheat ; that the best cow would not produce more than a gallon of milk a day ; that it would take the produce of ten gallons to make a pound of butter ; and , to cap the climax , that he saw twenty-eight cottages , and estimated the value of the crops upon twentyeight allotments , through a stupendous hill ; and that the average number of agricultural labourers employed in England , was two to the 100 acres . Now , noodle , what do you think of your doodle ?
No . 4—But the Bank has only £ lfi , 8 C 8 is deposit , and its only apparent capital is the property of the Land Company . Why , one Michael Cassio , the arithmetician , was a fool to you . Do not you think 16 , 000 sovereigns is very good security for 16 , 000 ? . without the collateral security of land and houses ? No . 5—Of this sum , £ 850 accruedf from the profit on the resale or a purchased farm , an irregular and accidental rain , a windfall .
You , magician , why do you dissolve 50 w- ? don ' t you know that I made 1 , 350 / ., and not 850 ? ,, profit of Carpender ' s Farm , and gave it all to the Company ? And when did you hear cf any other Company having accidental gains and windfalls placed to their credit ? No . 6—And £ 6 , 391 . Os . 2 d . as a loan from the Land Bank ; i . t . from the Company to the Company out of the monies ofits depositors .
Now , you hired prostitute , you distorter of facts , if you have read the evidence from which you profess to deduce your facts , you have learned that not one single fraction had been advanced from the Bank to theLandCompany , nor has there yet . Now , what do you say to that ? A pretty commissiener of bankrupts you would make ? Tou don ' t know how to investigate accounts ; and if you did , vou don't know how to tell the truth about
them . No . 7—In the first place 1 , 618 acres of land , for which £ 36 , 672 oi purchase money has been paid , and in bringing which into condition , in stocking and in setting the occupants at work upon them , £ 99 , 331166 . 5 d . have been expended . Now , how could you , in this dull season , excite me to such laughter . So , here you say that out of 90 , 000 / . paid up , I have expended 36 , 0001 . for land , and 90 , 000 / . upon the erection of buildings ; and , although I understand your meaning from your mumping , yet whoever reads the sentence must think it lucky that your brother , and not you , is the commissioner of bankrupts , as you make it appear that out of 90 , 000 * ,, I have paid 126 , 000 /!!
_Jf 9 . 8—Now the Company ' s land and stock at a large valuation , would not at this moment bring £ 60 , 0 ) 0 in the market . Now , Fonblanque , I have you on the hip . I will dissolve the legal expense of purchasing the land , and I will take your calculation , and I will show you how the Company stands ,, and what you value improvements and buildings at . I have in stock , farming implements , money
not belonging to tbe Bank , plots of meadow which 1 put down at the price I have refused , pollards which I have put down at the price 1 was charged for them—value 10 , 000 / . Now , deduct 2 , 500 / . from the prime cost of land against the amount which the sale of meadow land is to cover , and you have Paid for land 34 , 000 Cash , stock , implements , plots of meadow land to sell , portable buildings 10 , 000
Making . . . £ 44 , 000 Now , Fonblanque , for your 16 , 000 / . to make up the difference between that , and 60 , 000 / . at which you estimate the property of the Company , ! have built 245 cottages , and paid for all the materials for sis others . I have built four splendid school houses . I have paid for the timber and the joiners' work upon ninety more cottages . I have paid for the building of twelve of those cottages . I have drained nearl y 200 acres of land at Bromsgrove , four feet deep , in the best style , and with the best tiles . I have
breast ploughed eighty acres of land at Bromsgrove ; have levelled all the fences , and made three miles of road already . But perhaps you will tell me that draining land upon the best principle , detracts from its value ; but , however , if we putdown the timber paid for , the joiners' work paid for , the twelve houses built at Bromsgrove , the eighty acres pared and burned , the 200 acres drained , the fences levelled , and roads made , as fifty houses—I am under the mark—that , then , would leave 300 houses built and four school houses , which you put down at 16 , 000 / . Now , Fonblanque , I will throw you in the four school houses—and , God knows , it would be of great service if you
would go to school to O Brien at Lowbands lor a quarter , than whom there is not a more respectable man , or one better fitted for his situation in England . However , I give you the four school houses , and what do we find ? Why , that you estimate 300 cottages , the labour upon 1 , 100 acres of land , thirteen miles of road , with pumps in every back kitchen except Herringsgate , gates , paths , and thousands of tons of the best manure , at 53 _^ . a cottage , with the other work performed , But I have not done with you yet—that is 23 / . for a four acre cottage , for the occupant gets 30 / . aid money ; 30 / . 10 s . for a three-acre cottage , for the occupant gets 22 / . 10 s . for aid monev : and 38 / . for a two
acre cottage , for the occupant gets iol . as aid money . Now , you accountant , you actuary , you master builder , you agriculturist , you well-paid placeman , you enlig htener of the public mind , what do you say for yourself ? Don ' t you live in a cloud , and if you have any grace about you , tell your readers next week , that the oppressive state of the weather so _mystified y our ideas , that you regret the rr ' rors into which you fell . Now yeu know that your friend _Revans said that seven percent , upon the outlay was a fair rent to charge for a house .
Ko . 9—The Company has m point of net only _f . 39 -206 Ss . lid . worth of property . Out of this it owes , in principal and interest , £ 6 , 8-53 1 s . 2 d . to the Land bank ¦ and the whole assets of the Company are liable fur toe payment « f the £ iO _, uoo of de esits in the Hank _, / i . ¦ _farto , the Company possesses property worth , to it , £ ? . ¦ ! 41- ' IS ; . 9 d ., and this property is liable for any short comings of the Bank in the repayment of £ ! 6 _, ' . ou . This is all that the subscribers have got to show in return
'Pon My Soul, If You Were My Cbild—Which...
for £ 9 0 , 71 * IS . Id . of subscriptions , and £ 4 , 222 7 s . Id . of extra contributions towards expenses of management ! v Why , you incomprehensible ass , Finlayson with his magnif ying glasses could not see through this mist . Just see what you do—you first reduce the value of property from 90 , 000 / . to 60 , 000 / . ; then if I purchase 28 , 000 / . more , you reduce the 60 , 000 / . to 32 , 000 / ., so that if I
purchase 35 , 0007 . worth more , you will make us 3 . 000 / . worse than bankrupts . So that , Fonblanque , in point of fact , every fresh estate purchased diminishes the value of the former property , by the amount given for the new purchase . Out upon you , you snivelling tool , you are unfit for a Commissioner of anything ; you don ' t know B from a bull ' s foot , and if you saw one of my leading drains , y ou would think you were in the Atlantic Ocean .
Ne . 10—And the property is so invested that had Mr O'Connor died suddenly any time within the last year or two , his pergonal creditors might have seized the whole ef it . Now , Fonblanque , you profess to be a lawyer , and you knew that that was a lie , a palpable lie , when you wrote it , because you knew , if you read the evidence , that I had made my will , leaving the whole property to' two honourable gentlemen as trustees , in trust for the snarehtslders ; and you also knew that I had no personal creditors , for if I had , the Government , of which yoa are the tool , would have soon hounded _. them upon me .
No . 11—Mr O Connor , moreover , has profited by the game he has been playing . He holds Exchequer Bills for the money he Is said to have paid oat on account of the Company over and above what he received . His printing establishment has had jobs to the value of upwards nf £ 1 , 000 from the Company . The sale of his newspaper and its profitB have been increased b y being made the _chanae ! of communication to the subscribers . He has in every way benefitted by the management of a concern which ha established and _paffed in a most reckless manner and which turns out to bo a gross delusion _. Now , Mr Commissioner , I have you fast in the noose and from your own words I will prove you to be the onl y person who has benefitted by the Land Company and by the Chartist agitation .
First , —Just a word about the Exchequer Bills . I hold no Exchequer Bills except what belong to the depositors in the Bank , and what would you h ? ve said if it had been discovered , that there had been no such available security to meet the demands of depositors ? but now to the question of profit . You charge me with making profit of the p rinting establishment of the " Star . " In the first place let me tell you that I have no more to do with that printing establishment than I have to do with the printing establishment of the Times newspaper ; but what will the reader say when he hears that 50 , 000 of the Rules of the National Land Company were PRINTED at TOUR OFFICE ! that the whole of
« TOM PAINE'S WORKS , " as condensed by the Chartist Executive , were printed at
YOUR OFFICE ! THAT MANY NUMBERS OF THE 'LABOURER' WERE PRINTED AT YOUR OFFICE ! what will be said when they learn that I have no more to do with the profits of the Rules than I have to do with the profits of the Examiner ; that I shall one day be probably called upon to make up the loss consequent upon the publication of Paine ' s Works , to which I was op posed in the outset , while you have made the
PROFIT ! and what will the reader say , when he understands that the " LABOURER ' ' has been a LOSS TO ME and a PROFIT TO YOU . ' But as to the profits of the " Star , " of course you , generous soul , you give the profits of the Examiner to the poor , as I do the profits of the "Star j" and , of course , you have given your whole time gratuitously to the service of the distressed , and you have become a poorer instead of a richer man- by your connexion with the Examiner and the
Government ! You vile sycophant , I never had a printing establishment ; the " Star " has rather lost than gained by the establishment of the Land Company , and whatever its circulation has been , you have never seen that paper puffed like other papers ; and if I have puffed the Land Company , unlike other puffers , the effect of every puff has been to puff something out of my pocket , to increase my labours , and add to my responsibility ; and will you pay me my 3 , 400 / ., or will you return the profit you have made in part payment , and will you pay me my expenses out of pocket for three years and a half , consequent upon the establishment and carrying out of the Land Company ?
So . 1?—It is impossible to read the part which Mr O'Connor took in the proceedings of the Committee of Inquiry , alternately as witness and examiner , without suspecting that he was fully aware of the nature and prospects of tbe scheme when he moved for tne Com . mittee . I really pity the mercenary who is obliged to put such falsehoods upon record , to gain a livelihood . Did not you know , you prostitute , that it was Sir George Grey and Sir Benjamin Hall that concocted the committee ? And do
you think that if anything had appeared even doubtful , as regards the expenditure of the funds , or suspicious as to the management of the affairs of the Company , that that committee , strongly prejudiced against me by the Press and public rumour , would have withheld its censure and condemnation , if the slightest cause for suspicion had been adduced ? Ne , you fool , it was a committee of gentlemen , who were well p leased to have it in their power to exonerate a gentleman from vile calumnies , which you and your tribe had endeavoured to heap upon him . No . IS—He seeks less to throw light on the nature and tendency of the scheme , than to keep its defects in vagueness and obscurity . Ha directs attention from the ain question to irrelevant consideraUons .
m Why , _jou slave , do you attribute crimes to me which are justl y chargeable upon your coadjutor , the chairman ? My desire was to develope the Plan , to elicit facts from the most competent witnesses . His aim anr \ object was to suppress the truth , to falsif y . the scheme , and to envelope the whole project in mystery , so as to render ought , save vague conclusion , impossible . Are you not aware that it took him seven days to draw up a report which was unanimously rejected ? And are you not aware that I submitted myself to examination ?—that
I brought witnesses over 100 miles at my own expense , who were the best qualified to give evidence , but alio ! whom were rejected by the impartial chairman ?—are you nut aware that it was with great difficulty that I could , obtain permission to ask three questions of Mr Sullivan , a member of the committee , and who had visited the Estates ; and that , at the suggestion of the chairman ,-the committee declined examining Lord Ingestre and Mr Sharman Crawford , two practical agriculturists , both on the committee , and both of whom had minutely
examined Snig ' s End and Lowbands , two or the Estates . So . It—And to the shame of the Committee be it said , its report Jooks as if it had lent itself to this game . To the honour of the committee it would not lend itself to the game which you and your masters have been p laying ; and , as I . _^ you that I have not yet done with the _subject of the committee , I shall he able to show up some Free Trade Members of Parliament , m connexion with this Land Company , in such a li » ht as _weuld render them unfit Members of the House of Commons , " , if the conduct of Members of that House was to be measured by any rule _ofhonour .
Ko 15 -It ' * apparent , from the _neeOUlltS of the V _. iitTnERN Sta _« . and from the advances made out ol tlie funds of the Land Company to defray the expenses ot members to the Chartist Convention , that the Newspaper ,
'Pon My Soul, If You Were My Cbild—Which...
_the'land _Gompany , the Bank , and the _Chartistorganisation _. are all of them parts of Mr O'Connor ' s stock-in-trade . Together , they constitute the business by which he has for some years maintained himself . He makes the one playinto the other . That by this means he has madehis newspaper pay bin , £ 4 , o 00 to £ 5 _, 0 ue per annum is admitted ; but what any other parties (" except his immediate agents ) have gained , is not so obvious We are curious to know how long the gullibility of Mr O'Connor ' s followers and believers will enable him to carry on 60 thriving a trade . J
Yes , you prostitute , it is apparent from the accounts ef the " Northern Star , " but from no other accounts , that Mr O'Connor has sustained the political movement and Whig victims at his own expense—but it is not apparent from the accounts of the Land Company , that one farthing , or one fraction , of a farthing , has been abstracted for any political purpose ; and it is apparent that Albany Fonblanque , of all the agents of the Land Company , has made
the largest profit , while , as the political agent of the Chartists , he has been the only gainer ! It is apparent that when Mr O'Connor established the "Northern Star , " he was a richer man than he is now . It is apparent that he has never accepted wages from the people ; that he haa never travelled a mile at their expense ; that he has refused munificent ojfer _^ of mansions , land , and money , from the members of the Land Company ; it is apparent that he has charged not a fraction for his
expenses in connexion with that Company ; it is apparent that that Company owes him 3 , 400 / . ; it is apparent , from the sworn testimony of competent witnesses , examined at the Lancaster trials in 1843 , that , during the whole period of Mr O'Connor ' s incarceration in York Castle , he was paying money out of his own pocket to support the " Northern Star ; " it is apparent that , at one period , the " Northern Star" was making a profit of 13 , 000 / . a-year , and that , at the same period , Mr O'Connor was maintaining victims , paying lecturers , and sustaining the whole Chartist cause , out of his
own purse . But is it apparent , that while other newspaper proprietors make merchandise > nd profit of murders , rapes , assassinations , debauchery , and proflicacy , they give a fraction , thus eked out of obscenity and depravity , to any purpose , save the gratification of their own avarice , cupidity , am lust ? Itjshall be apparent that Mr O'Connor would submitto any of the most harrowing privations rather ! than allow you or your masters to stop him in his onward coarse of man ' s regeneration . It is apparent that , while you are endeavouring , by falsehood , misrepresentation , and slander , to depreciate the value of poor men ' s property , that Mr O'Connor ' s labour is daily giving increased value to it . It is apparent
that he has passed through a fiery ordeal , such as the greatest rogue , belonging to any political faction , would not be subjected to . Mark the gradation , hypocrite : a" Kegistrar , a Government Official , a Barrister , extensively employed by the Government , the Certifying Barrister of the Government , a Poor Law Commissioner of the Government , an Accountant of the Government , an Actuary of the Government , an Official ! of the Government , a 3 Chairman of the Committee—and , after the evidence of those individuals , selected by an Official of the Government , a verdict , a unanimous verdict , not of exculpation or innocence of the charges preferred against him , but a declaration of good faith and honourable management of the affairs of the Company ,
And not satisfied with such a verdict , founded upon such evidence , now I am to be handed over to a parasite placeman . What a finish for a Whig defeat . I always said my accounts were examined , not as if I were an insolvent , but as if I were a fraudulent bankrupt ; and the base and contemptible menial to whom your masters would now submit the case for a rehearsal , proves that I had formed a correct estimate of Whig honour and what is called old English "fair play , '' when one who can neither be purchased nor intimidated is to become the victim of Whig vengeance . I am , you slave , An honest man , and the poor man ' s bailiff , Feargus O'Connor .
Now Economist , you shall have a leaf from the WHIG BOOK . From the estimates voted on Wednesday , we find the following prudent expenditure of the people ' s money . Now mark it well , write upon it—it is a famous subject for dissection , do not spare the knife . Administration , mind , merely ADMINISTRATION-of the Poor Law , 236 , 000 / . a year . Now that sum , at 250 / . for each location , would locate 044 families . For medical attendance 85 _^ 000 / , «¦» - that would locate 340 families . Auditors 13 , 000 / . a year . What will Cuffav say to that . Economist ? Schoolmasters and
schoolmistresses , 35 , 000 / . a year . Now these two sums would locate 190 families . Then comes the small item for postage , 5 , 684 / . a year ! Then the travelling and incidental ex * penses of eleven inspectors and their officials , 10 , 6677 . a year ; and those two small items put together would locate sixty-five families , making a total in the year of 1 , 539 families , each located in a good house upon three acres of ground , and with 22 / . 10 s . capital to begin with ; or each year providing for 7 , 695 individuals . But I have not done with the item of postage yet , for I find that the amount charged
—allowing 313 working days in the yearamoKnts to 5 , 207 letters a day , and their being five secretaries , each secretary must have written 1 , 041 letters a day . Dear Fonny , what plaguy things those figures are ? Suppose I produced such an account for postage and travelling expenses what would the world have said ? I tell you , Mr Economist , that however you or your gang may attempt to suppress these facts , that they will be read by millions oh Saturday night and will have their due influence upon the sane mind of your dupes , P . O'C .
Hb*Iiy$ K!Witkiha.Tea} Of. The .Whole .A...
> _» . _ __ . 4 _ W ! J _/"^ n _^^ i _"C--
/"^ N^^ I And National Tsades' Journal. ...
AND NATIONAL TSADES' JOURNAL . vOLXLNo ~ 56 i _LONDON _SATUTOAY _/ _AulljiloTiiiC _^ _"' „ 7 i _^ S = _^ , — --- ¦ — _ - ' . _
Rational Eantr Gfompanjn
_Rational _Eantr _gfompanjn
To F. O'Conkor, Beq , M P. Honoured Sir,...
TO F . O _' CONKOR , BEQ , M P . Honoured Sir , —At a meeting of the Salisbury branch of the National Land Company , on August 7 _cb , it was unanimously resolved;— ' That we highly approve ef your conduct in abstaining from attend - ing public meetings for the present , and deeply feeling the loss that we , in common with the work ' iDg classes of this country . Bhould suatain by your _apDrehucsion , hope you will continue to act very cautiously while the libei ty of the subject is so much endangered . I am , dear air , youis truly , Thomas Sutton , Secretary . Salisbury , August 8 th , 1848 .
Tribute to O'Connor . —To the Members of the National Land Company . —It being the wiah of several members of the Torquay branch of the National Land Company to present the redeemer of the workincc ! a ? aea , F . O'Connor , Laq ., M P ., with either n handsome snuff box , plate , or goblet , as a token of theircoEfidence and reapeot for his _honesty and increasing labours fov the benefit oi the working community of this country , we moat earnestly appeal to tho members of the said company throughout the to do
kingdom their duty , by _csctributing their mite in the good work . Up , then , brothers , and show the world we have a _feeling of gratitude for our noble - hearted _acd sympathising father . The general _receivoa _honoute for Lis ingenuity in _sWdlog blood . _Lst us heap honours on our general for the regeneration of our country . We ' would recummend the secretary o ' _eich locality to _rereive subscriptions , and forward the same , with tbe list of subscribers , to t \ _w directors . We propose leaving to their _option which of the above articles shall be pre 3 ented .
Fincbiiry Locality,—Tbe Oaurcil An 1 Cla...
_Fincbiiry _Locality , —Tbe oaurcil an 1 class leadtrs ara requested to _mstt at _Deadpan ' s _Cslfee-house , Cierkeuwtl ! Green , on SunJay moruiup , at fe i o ' clock . The members will meet in fio _evoning at _reren o ' clock .
&Tilmu'al An& Jtoretort
_& tilmu ' al an & _jToretort
The French Republic. The Lavf On The Pbb...
THE FRENCH REPUBLIC . THE lAVf ON THE PBBS 3 . Paris , Thursday . —The project of law put forward by the government , in spite of an obstinate and animated resistance _frem the ultra-demo-rata and members of the Mountain , led by M . Ledru Rollin , and brought up in the rear by M Floeon , was adopted by a majority of 407 against 342 . The duration of tho law at present voted _ie limited to the 1 st of May next , in which interval it is expected that the legislature will establish a permanent system of laws to regulate the presB . _TnS JUNE INSUBEECriOK—PATH OF THE PRISONERS . Up to the evening of the 7 th . the military commission on the insurgents had decided the fate of 2 , 718 accused . Their decision was aa follows : —acquitted and liberated , 1 , 396 _; to be transported , 1 206 ; to D 8 sent before _conrtB-raartial , 116 . __ DIPLORABLE BTAIE OP THE PARIS WORRUSN .
The number of _unemplsyed operatives in the 11 th _arrondiasement of Pana is officially announced as 3 , 000 , and that in the 12 th arrondissement at 10 , 000 , who subsist entirely on the foed distributed to them by tbe municipal _authorities ,. The Rhfshme slates that the _diatrefis amongst the operative elassea at _Pam is every day becoming more intense . Crowds of famished women , children , and old men are constantly to be seen waiting at the gate of _theLuxembsurg , for the hour of the soldiers ' meal , in expectation of receiving a portion of it . Serious apprehensions are entertained for the ap . proaching winter . The National of Monday states , that Mr Morgan ( we _presame that Mr O'Gorman is meant ) , one of the leaders in the insurrectional _movemeat of Ireland , has succeeded in escaping to France , and has landed at _Haxre .
_Anhalt-Dessau . _—TnecoBStitaent Diet has decreed the abolition of all titles _SBd privileges of nobility , and has prohibited the employment of all expressions denoting nobility . We learn from Inspruek that on the morning of the 8 th the Emperor of Austria took hie departure from that place for _Vienaaj accompanied by the whole of his family . The _Damocratical Sosiety of Cologae has forwarded a strong address to the National Assembly in favour of Polish nationality . ITALY .
THE WAR IN MMBARBT— CAPITUXATIOH OF _MILAfT . IJIFAHOU 8 CONDUCT OF THE SARDINIAN KINO . The Swiss Natiosal Gazette of the 8 thsays , under the head of Lugano , the 6 th : Piedmontese refugees who have arrived at Cha & s _& o announce that the Piedmontese General , OHvieri , who had seized on all the power at Milan in the name of Charles Albert , had put an end to the measures of defenoe of the Republican Committee , declaring that the communications in tbe interior of the city , where barricades were being raiaed , should , remain free , in order that the artillery should not meet with any obstacle . He added that the king would deliver battle outside the town . _Oa the evening of the _4 th the advanced guard of the _Austriana appeared before the Roman gate ; they were _Teceived with cannon shots , and driven back to
Malignano . The Italians made SCO prisoners and took two pieces of cannon , This advantage so much encouraged _ths Italians , that they declared traitors to theircountry whoever should speak of capitulation . But Charles Albert was of a different opinion , as , in tbe night of the 4 th , ho capitulated , on the following _tonditiona : —That the Piedmontese army should retire j that life and property should be seeured to the inhabitants . The people then revolted , and a number of buildings outside the walls , which might impede i he defenoe , were demolished . In the morning of the 5 th , the _energy did not appear . Suspicions w <> re conceived ; & crowd collected in front of Charles Albert ' s hotel ; and he declared from his balcony that the oapitulatien had been refused by Radetzky , and that he would defend the town to the last extremity . Soon after , Olivieri eame and declared that the king could not hold the town _aoy longer , and arrived at the conclusion of the capitulation . The people , in
fury , wanted to _eeiza on _Crwrteij Albert , The men in attendance on him were out to pieces ; Charles Albert , on his Bide , had the people fired on by the Piedmontese , and two of the inhabitants were killed . Other inbabitanfB _declared in favour of the capitulation , and were killed . The people would not submit . Charles Albert had the cannon removed from the walls . ' Every ene was allowed to quit the city ; several went away . At the end of its report the Re publioain adds ; The rumour prevails tbat tbe people at last seized on Charles Albert , but that does not a ; ree with the following postscript : At half-past six Gen . Zucehi arrived at Lugano , with the news that Cbailes Albert had delivered Milan to the Austriana , and had withdrawn , passing the Ticino . On Sunday the AuBtrianaentered Milan ; the republicans Gari . baldi and Mazzini were still at the head of 10 , 600 _<> r 15 . 000 men near _Moczx , within some leagues of Milan . '
( From the Ztmw _. ) Milan . Sunday MorniB _? , August 8 . —The mail was despatched yesterday by estafette , and I prepared my letter for the usual hour to day , in the hope that a similar exertion will be made by AT . Boppis , the intelligent director of the post . The persona near Charles Albert are not famous for keeping seorets which do not immediately touch their private interests _, and therefere yon will not be surprised to learn that within a few minutes of the answer of the King accepting the terms of Marshal Radetzky being
sent off , the whole oamp was in possession of thefaot . Tbe excitement became great , and as soon aa the reports were confirmed by the departure of some of tbe household troops , and of many of the Royal equipages in the direotion of Turin , it amounted almost to desperation . Groups flaw through all the streets exclaiming , * We are sold , ' * We are betrayed ; ' the drums of the National Guard beat to arms , and men with _muskets on their shoulders , ran from place to place willing to do _miachief , but not knowing where to begin .
The most violent collected in the square of the Scala theatre , and in the Corsia de Giardino , before the Ca _* a Greppi , in which the King waa lodged ; and there finding several carriages prepared for the journey , they at once cut the _hurness , withdrew the horses , and overturned the equipages themselves . This was accompanied by most insulting expressions against them , but not against the Piedmontese ; and so great was the distinction taken , that the officers and dragoons that formed the eacort of the carriages were compelled to dismount , and tht _> y were embraced by the people with the cries of' Ling live the Piedmontese army , but death to the traitor Charles Albert ! ' One of the officers , a major , I am told _, though I can scarcely believe the fact , bo far joined in this demonstration as to tear off hia own epaulette and daolare , that as the honour of Piedmont was lost
he would no longer continue in the service . Exclamations of the same nature were heard from officers of various ranks among the crowd , but it was difficult in the confusion to ascertain whether they wore Sardinian or Lombard uniforms . A body of National Guards at last took possession of the Casa Greppi , in plain language ! constituting the King a prisoner ; and , as I am assured , several filled the rooms leading to the royal apartments , loudly deolaring , that oome what might , Charles Albert should not depart . At tbe same time , emissariea were despatched to the several gates , and larg ? bodies of National Guards , assisted by an unarmed mob , _absolutely barred egress or ingress . The gates leading towards Turin were blockaded and barricaded , and , with the most violent denunciations , the people declared that the traitor should not pass that way .
In the mean time the cries for an explanation became so violent at the Casa Greppi , that a genercl officer , accompanied by two others , appeared on the balcony of that palace , and read a paper to the effect , ' that the King Charles Albert had come to the de _^ fenoe of the city of Milan at the request of its inhabitants , and tbat the honour ot the Italian army was fully vindicated in the combat of the precedicg day . The army ; wanting ammunition , was no longer able to sustain its positions , and it was _necessary to withdraw it for the present behind the _Tessin . Its devotion to Italy could not be doubted , and it would soon again return to serve tho common _caase . The city of Milan would receive no injury , aa due care had been taken by the King to recommend it to the humanity of the Austrian Commander-in-Chief . '
The reading of this paper produced a general burst of indignation , and cries of ' Death to Charles Albert ! ' ' Death to tho Traitor ! ' ' We are sold ! ' ' Wo are betrayed ! ' were heard at every side . The tumult being a little subsided , the only two _persens belonging to the late Provisional Government , Gen . Potnpeo Lstta and the Abbe Aunani , who have _nat abandoned tho people , drew up a paper to the following effect , which they first read to the ovowd , and then sent it in to the King;— ' We , the _ only two members of the government who remain at our posts , learn by public rumour that a capitulation injurious to the honour of all Italy , and of the city of Milau , has been made to the Austrian general . in the most urgent manner entreat your Majesty to give us 3 ome explanation on this important matter . I presume that these gentlemen were called to the presence of the King , for in halfan-hour afterwards both appeared in the square , and read a _declaration of this nature— 'The _Kicg bas assured us oa bis word and honour , and he offers _hiB life as a guarantee , that
The French Republic. The Lavf On The Pbb...
hB _* iiy _$ k ! _witkiha . tea } of . the . whole . army to . tig lasi m 6 ment " . "~ 1 Tni » declaration calmedTTn _BbmTfleT . gree the _violence ot tbe crowd , but it was the no less generally believed that a capitulation had been made . My own opinion is , that though in point ef form , the capitulation was taken off in _consequent of flje violence of the people , in reality it was concluded , and Radetzky remained perfectly : quiet _^ in hie quarters , and not a single shot was fired from any of his advanced poets . The people did net partake that opinion , and they were seen on one side strengthening the _barricides arid apparently preparing for a resolute defence . Tbe day and afternoon passed in thie manner : but at nightfall the tumult _he wiU _^ . _M _* a _&^
became so violent , near the King ' s residence that the Duke of Genoa came to the balcony , and requested the people to abstain from such angry and violent d emonstrations , as his Majesty was much indispoi'edi and earnestly desired a little reBt . The amiable and gallant prince was received with a volley of hisses the king was again called a traitor , and he a deceiver . The duke declared that he and hia father were determined to fight to the last , but even this ? " ) not _eitisfy , and he withdrew amid cries a Death to the Traitor ! ' « Death to the Impostor ! * i ? _u eS in the suburba were set on fire , and the horrors of the situation were increased by the city being overhung for several hours of the night by a canopy of flame .
At this period tho Archbishop of Milan , and the temporary Podesta , went out to the head quarters of Field-Marshal Radetzky , for the purpose of informing him ef tbe true state of affairs within the city . At five this morning , when I was on foot , I was delighted at finding that the tumult had ceased , that the tricolour flags were withdrawn from many of tho neighbouring balconies , and that the barricades were in an active state of demolition . I am glad to find that the King and the Duke o Genoa have escaped . About three o'clock this morn *
ing an officer attached to the family brought up several _pieees of flying artillery , charged with blank _cartridge only , and discharged them at the crowd who blocked up the Contrada . The mob gave way at onco ; troops were ready to prevent their agaia getting possession of the ground , and in a few minutes , _everythiBgrhaving b r en prepared , Charles Albert and the Duke of Genoa had cleared the walls . The Piedmontese troops at tbe same moment commenced to defile ; and at this hour the whole are on their assigned routes to Piedmont .
I am sorry to hear that several shots were fired at the king at the moment of his departure ; and though he and the Duke of Geneva escaped , some of the suite were wounded . This is a sad denouement to a romance which began so auspiciously ; but it must bs confessed that the conduct of Charles Albert has been to extraordinary in compromising the city , and then abandoning it , that I am not _surprised at the irritation of the peop ' e having exceeded all lega 1 bounds .
skirt of the iuaiBiAHa . "We have _recaived a short letter dated the 7 th _inst . from our correspondent in the city of Milan . During the night of the 5 th and the morning of the 6 th the King and the whole Piedmontese army retired by the road to Turin . On Sunday , the 6 th , the Austrian army , very Btrong , and in the finest order , entered tho city , and in & few hours civil and military occupation was established , _TheuC moat silence prevailed during the passage of the troops through the Corioand principal streets . The
city has been deserted by all the nobility , many of the better families , and by an immense majority of the people . On the morning of tbe 7 th a proola _. mation appeared , signed by Field- Marshal Radetzky , declaring the city and province of Lombard / in a state _ofaiege , stating tbat all offences against good order would be tried by martial law , and nominating the Prince Schwartzinburg military _governor of Milan . The greatest order prevails , both on the part of the Austrian troops and the Milanese people . Not an offensive word is uttered on either aide .
According to letters from Italy of the 8 th , Charles Albert had established hi ? head quarters at Vigevano . By other accounts wo learn that Marshal Radetzky is proceeding with great severity at Milan . Martial law has been proclaimed ; a levy has been ordered ot all the men capable ot carrying arms , between the age of eighteen and forty-five years . All persons who have fled from Lombardy are called upon to return witbk eight days , under the penalty of tbe confiscation of their property . Letters from Rome of the 4 th August represent matters as assuming daily a more unfavourable and cheerless position . A letter from Rome , addressed to the Univers , says : —
' We are in a state of complete anarchy : at the moment at which I write to you , it is said that the Civio GuardB are making common cause with the heroes of Vicenz * and the other factions ; that they have rejeoted and trampled under foot the Pontifical ceckade , < fcc . God only knowB what He reserves for Rome . Many persons are taking measures for putting themselves out of danger , and already _hav & several of the Cardinals who were most threatened left the city .
BNTRAKCH OF THE AUBTRIAHS INTO FERBARA . A _telegraphio dispatch has bees received in Paris from the French Ambassador at Rome , dated the 9 th , to the following effect : —The entry of the Austriana into Ferrara id _confirmed . They have disarmed the National Guard and the Papal troops . The following day they marched to Bolegna , wbioh they would have reached by the 8 th . The Austrian commander has issued a _proclamation , io which he declares that the Austrian army has entered the Roman States for the purpose of reestablishing the authority of the Pope , in a conservative eense , and according to the treaty of Vienna . _Bresciaia said to have capitulated on the 8 th : the Austriana to have entered on the 9 th .
CONFLICT BETWEEN TEE B 0 L 0 ONESE AND TBS ACSTniAN 8--B ) _UBinBUENT OP BUQONA . _The-BorvxiNA Gazbttk of the 9 h contains important news . It appears that on the afternoon of the 8 th , the Austrian General Weldon baviEg levied a heavy contribution upon _Bologna , and demanded _aoatageB for the payment and for the subjection of the _fiolognese , the people rose , and the tocsin was sounded . A eonflict ensued , and the _Austrians were driven out of the oity , Subsequently the Austriana bombarded the town , and set it on fire in several places ; the _Bolognese again attaoked them , and drove them from their position .
PORTUGAL . The political prisoners still remain incarcerated . The son of the late Spanish ambassador has been ordered to _qait Portugal . The northern provinces are in so excited a state that disturbances are _expeoted every day ; while in the _northern garrisons numerous desertions have taken place . Gas has been introduced into the streets of Lisbon .
DANUBIAN PROVINCES . According to accounts reoeived by the Dbbat 3 , the Russians had not yet entered Wallachia , and the Turkish troops were stationed along the frontier as if with the inteation of opposing their passage , a situation which is full of danger . The Russians claim a right of interference , grounded upon a letter written by Rifaat Pacha , which the Turks deny . The French and Prussian Consuls at _Jassy had protested against the entry of the Russians into Moldavia as a flagrant violation of treaties . At Bucharest the revo .
lutionary party had acquired their advantages through a popular movementthat took place on the 12 th , and the old members of the provisional government were recalled . Such was the ait nation en the 15 th . The Porte had concentrated an army of 35 . 000 men , composed of the best troopB , and had placed them under the command of Eumer Pacha , the _cocqueror of Albania and ef Kurdistan . The last news from Servia announces tbat a body of 8 , 000 had crossed the frontier to join their brother _Sclavians , who were combating the Magyars .
UNITED STATES AND MEXICO . By the arrival of the royal mall steatn-Bhip Hibernia , Captain Neil Shannon , on Tuesday afternoon , we learn that General Taylor's acceptance of the Whig nomination to the presidency has at length appeared . Loud complaints , _sayB a New York paper , reaoh us from the American manufacturing districts . Cotton and woollen manufaetoriea , as well as iron works , are stopping _wjrk in every direotion in consequence of the ruinouB competition of the English . These disasters , acting upon the public mind , bid fair to produce important eha & gea in our rates of duty on European manufactures . The magnetic telegraph from Pittsburgh informs us that there has been a _aerioua riot , many injuries received and much damage done at Alleghany by tbe factery operatives who have struck for the' ten-hour law . '
There was a ' mass meeting' of the friends of Ireland held in Tammany-hall on the 2 Gih ult ., in relation to the arrest ot Messrs . Duffy , Martin , O'Doghertv , Williams , and others , end to take measures to meet the crisis at hand for Ireland . This meeting was called by Mr Robert Emmett , chairman of the association ; but he was not present . About 2 , 000 persons attended—all , or nearly all , Irish . Mr Greely was in the chair , and Messrs Doyle , Lynch , White , Robinson , Mooney , and Michaol T . O'Con . nor were the speakers . Some of the speeches were violent enough . A series of resslutions censuring the British government were passed . A meeting on Ir ' iBh union and fraternisation waa held in New York , on
tho 27 tti . Robert _Eamett , chairman : and on the 23 th there was also a meeting o _£ the ' Nttfr York American League for Ireland , ' The New York _Herata of July 31 st , says , that ' subscriptions aro pouring Into the coffers of the Irish provisional committee , at a dible-50 _, 000 dollars it is transmitted by the Bteam this city on Wednesday next The only other news of _statament now received in battle , or rather succession najatoin Mexico , between tho government forces , and the head of the revelters . both sides .
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Rate Which Is Hardly Ereoanfidently Asje...
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), Aug. 19, 1848, page unpag, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse2.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns3_19081848/page/1/
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